RDA Training DayMOBIUS Conference, Columbia, Missouri

Wednesday, June 4, 2014

Presenters:Charles Croissant, Senior Catalog LibrarianPius XII Memorial Library, Saint Louis Universitycroisscr@slu.edu

Felicity Dykas, Head, Digital Services Department MU Libraries, University of Missouri-ColumbiaDykasF@missouri.edu

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“Why Do We Catalog?”

People with information needs Catalog records

Library resources

It’s all about access!

Providing access via any piece of information a user might know:

An author’s name A title An editor’s name A subject Keywords

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How?

Create bibliographic records Bibliographic records in catalogs Catalogs with features and function

Indexing rules Display rules Navigation

Metadata

Metadata: “data about data” Catalog records are metadata

Library resource = Data Catalog record = Data about the

resource = Metadata Important:

Consistency Standardization Using controlled vocabularies (thesauri)

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“Why RDA?”

Evolving cataloging environment RDA an improvement over AACR2

“Why don’t we just revise AACR2?”

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The Cataloging Environment -- Internet

Catalogs are no longer in isolation Global access to data “linked data systems”

Integrate bibliographic data with wider Internet environment Share data beyond institutions Any user – any place – any time

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Web frontend

Services

VIAF

Databases, Repositories

LCSH

The Cataloging Environment

RDA has a philosophical foundation:

FRBRFunctional Requirements for

Bibliographic Records

• International collaboration• Produced by IFLA• Issued in 1997• Pushes us to a higher intellectual rigor

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1010

What do we really mean when we say “book”?

“Book”Door prop(item)

“publication” at bookstore any copy(manifestation)

Cited from Patrick LeBoeuf, former chair of the IFLA FRBR Review Group

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What do we really mean when we say “book”?

“Book”

– Who illustrated this?(expression)

– Who wrote this?(work)

Cited from Patrick LeBoeuf, former chair of the IFLA FRBR Review Group

The FRBR user tasks

Find (a resource that meets certain criteria)

Identify (make sure the resource is the one you want and not some other, similar resource)

Select (from a number of possible resources, select the one that is most useful to you in your particular situation)

Obtain (get it from its current location to a place where you can use it – gaining access to the resource)

(navigate) (being able to make your way through a catalog, a search engine, a Web site to find what you want)

The FRBR Model

• An “entity-relationship” model

– STEP 1: identify all the possible entities in the process you are analyzing.

– STEP 2: Identify all the attributes that can be possessed by a particular entity.

– STEP 3: Identify all the possible relationships that can exist between any two of your entities.

Step 1 of the process identified 3 groups of entities.

Group 1, the Bibliographic Entities:the bibliographic “Great Chain of Being”

Work (the most abstract level) is realized through

Expression is embodied in

Manifestation is exemplified by

• Item (the most concrete level)

WEMI (“work, expression, manifestation, item”)

Work = a distinct creation

Expression = the intellectual or artistic realization of a work

Manifestation = physical embodiment of an expression of a work (i.e., the publication of a particular expression in book form)

Item = a single exemplar of a manifestation (i.e., a single copy of a book)

• The other groups of entities:

• Group 2: The “agent” entities – individual persons, corporate bodies.

• Group 3: The “subject” entities – concepts, events, places, etc., plus any of the Group 1 and Group 2 entities.

Each entity is described by recording its attributes.Entities are linked to each other by relationships.

Leo Tolstoy in FRBR (the “linked data” model)

PERSONTolstoy, Leo1828-1910Russian novelist

WORKAnna KareninaNovel

WORKVoina i mir Novel

Created/Created By

EXPRESSIONWar and peace(English translation)

Created/Created by

Is realized through

PERSONConstance Garnett1861-1946Role: literary translator

Translated

MANIFESTATION1904 English edition of War and peace

Is embodied in

CORPORATE BODYWilliam Heinemann Ltd.English publishing house

Publishes ITEMCopy of Heinemann’s 1904 editionheld by Harvard Library

Is exemplified by

RDA – an overviewWhat RDA is: a set of instructions on how to record bibliographic data

What RDA is not: a display standard(RDA says nothing about how a record should be displayed on your screen; it says nothing about what data format to use)

RDA’s “world view”Bibliographic resources = carriers of content

Content → intellectual

Carrier → physical

Content maps to

Work and Expression level

Carrier maps to

Manifestation and Item level

Moving from MARC to RDA

MARC record structure is “flat”

RDA envisions Linked Data Systems

Author Tolstoy, Leo, graf, 1828-1910. Uniform Title Voĭna i mir. English Title War and peace / Leo Tolstoy ; translated from the

Russian by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky.

Edition 1st ed. Published New York : Alfred A. Knopf, 2007. Description xviii, 1273 p. ; 25 cm.Bibliography Includes bibliographical references (p. [1223]-1247)

and index. Subjects Russia -- History -- Alexander I, 1801-1825 -- Fiction.

Napoleonic Wars, 1800-1815 -- Campaigns -- Russia -- Fiction.

Related Author Pevear, Richard, 1943- Volokhonsky, Larissa.

ISBN 9780307266934

A new emphasis in RDA

Relationship designators

Identifiers

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Relationship Designators

(remember relator terms and codes?)

author editor translator compiler conductor composer performer

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Relationship Designators

in MARC: subfield $e 100 1_ Brown, Dan, $e author. 100 1_ Smith, Edward, $d 1954- $e compiler. 700 1_ Lee, Sandra, $d 1971- $e editor. 700 1_ Bernstein, Leornard, $d 1918-1990, $e conductor.

in a Linked Data System: the Designator is a data element of its own could be expressed as a URL

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Identifiers

definition: a character string uniquely associated with an entity (e.g. work, expression, person, corporate body, etc.)

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RDA – Pathway to the Semantic Web

in a Linked Data System:

relationship designators +

identifiers =

more data manipulation by machines

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In bib record for BBC video of Pride and Prejudice:

conventional note:

500 __ Based on the novel by Jane Austen.(Humans can understand this, machines cannot)

In a linked data system:

machines are able to interpret this.

Record for BBC video.Identifier: 2abc15x

Record for the work, Pride and

prejudice by Jane Austen.

Identifier:z345x1bc

defined link:Is Adaptation Of

RDA is granular -- Data elements -- each element contains just one piece of data, of just one type.

RDA’s structure is based on FRBR (no more Areas of Description as in AACR2)

(go to RDA toolkit)

Helpful tools:RDA mappings

Especially MARC Bibliographic to RDA,but also RDA to MARC Bibliographic

Advanced search (icon: magnifying glass)AACR2 rule number search

Group exercise 1

THE CASE FR RDAFree Our Data!

BYBret Dee

University of Versailles

Tom D. KnotCollege of the Plains

Cora Lee Sims

Tia Smart

IFLA

Liberating Library Series PLAINS, MISSOURI The College of the Plains

All Rights Reserved c2012 The College of the Plains

ISBN: 978-0-8014-3005-3

Printed on acid-free paper

(Additional information:Title on cover: The case for RDAPagination: xiv, 345 pagesIllustrations: Screen shots in color, charts, 2 photographsSize: 23 1/2 x 16 cmBibliography at the end of each chapterIndex on pages 340-345)

Login to Connexion Browser

Group exercise 2, Emily Dickinson’s approving God(small groups)

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Page facing title page (“series title page”)

19th century American poetsA series edited by

Paul Everett HansonUniversity of Missouri, Columbia

Volume 21

ISSN: 1358-0422

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Title page verso

First published in 1998

Second corrected edition, 2006prepared by Jane Hutchinson

©1998, ©2006

ISBN: 978-0-8444-1162-0

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RDA “pure”

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RDA and Access Points for Names

Group 2 entities Persons (RDA Chapter 9) (Families) (RDA Chapter 10) Corporate bodies (RDA Chapter 11)

Group 3 entity Place names (RDA Chapter 16)

RDA – Authority records vs.Identity Records

Recording attributes “Core” = always record if available “non-Core” = not required, but a good

idea to record if available Identifying the “preferred name” Establishing the authorized access

point Documenting the decision

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RDA’s workflow for creating identity records

First, record all the available attributes For persons, see Chapter 9.2 through

9.18 (go to RDA Toolkit) Then, determine which attributes

are needed for establishing an “authorized access point” (“AAP”) AAP = “Preferred name” + additional

attributes as instructed, see Chapter 9.19.

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“Identity records” and MARC

To accommodate RDA, the MARC format has added new fields: 370 (associated place) 371 (address) 372 (field of activity) 373 (associated group) 374 (occupation) 375 (gender) 377 (language)

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AACR2 style

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RDA style

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For establishing a personal name, the important chapters are:

9.2. Name of the person 9.19. Constructing access points to

represent persons And chapters for any attributes we need for

1xx. Dates, fuller form of name, titles, etc.

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What is the preferred name of the person?

The preferred name is the name by which the person is commonly known (9.2.2.3)

Names can be taken from any source (9.2.1.2)BUT: There is an order of preference (9.2.2.2): Preferred source of information (in AACR2,

the “chief source of information,” i.e. title page)

Other formal statements Reference sources

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What is the name by which a person is commonly known?

Possibilities: Real name Pseudonym Title of nobility Nickname Initials Other appellation

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55NAXOS

Other details

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8.5 General guidelines on recording names: capitalization, numbers expressed as numerals or words, accents, hyphens, spacing of initials, abbreviations

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Different forms of the same name (9.2.2.5) – see special instructions

If it is known that the person prefers a name that is different from usage (i.e. form found on title pages), follow that preference.

Names in specific categories (e.g., Burmese): See additional instructions.

Name varies in fullness: choose the form most commonly found -- if no form predominates, use the latest form.

Language: Choose the form that is used in most resources.

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9.2.2.9.5 – words, etc., indicating relationship

In Portuguese names, the words Filho, Junior, Neto, Netto, or Sobrinho are part of the surname.

Designations like Jr., Sr., II, III, are recorded as part of the preferred name (compare AACR2) They follow the given name and are

preceded by a comma:Saur, Karl-Otto, Jr.

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Step 3: Construct the authorized access point (AAP) (9.19)

Use the preferred name as the basis of the AAP.

Make additions as instructed in 9.19.1.2-9.19.1.7.

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If the name does not convey the idea of a person, add information even if not needed for differentiation (9.19.1.1) Term that indicates profession or

occupation: Stone Mountain (Writer) Term that indicates a fictitious or

legendary character: Wolverine (Fictitious character)

Term that indicates type, species or breed for non-human entities: Battleship (Race horse)

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Title or other designation associated with the person (9.19.1.2)

Royalty (always): Charles, ǂc Prince of Wales, ǂd 1948-

Nobility (always): Religious rank (if given name is first element and

commonly appears with name): Mary Francis, ǂc Mother, ǂd 1921-

Saint (add unless pope, emperor, empress, king, or queen): Hildegard, ǂc Saint, ǂd 1098-1179

Spirit (always): Presley, Elvis, ǂd 1935-1977 ǂc (Spirit)

Other (if needed): Moses ǂc (Biblical leader)

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Date of Birth and/or Death (9.19.1.3)

Add if known (LC-PCC PS) Use hyphens (LC-PCC PS)

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Fuller Form of Name (9.19.1.4)

Add if needed to differentiate If part of the forename or surname used is

represented by an initial, add if important for differentiation (LC-PCC PS)Eliot, T. S. ǂq (Thomas Stearns), ǂd 1888-1965 [today might not add the fuller form of name]

Add unused forenames or surnames only if needed for differentiation (LC-PCC PS)Richardson, Alan ǂq (Alan John)

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Period of activity of person and/or profession or occupation (9.19.1.5)

Add if needed for differentiation

Allen, Charles, ǂd active 18th century-19th century

Butler, Jean ǂc (Composer)

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Other term of rank, honour, or office (9.19.1.6)

Add if needed to differentiate Must have appeared with name Wood, John ǂc (Captain)

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Other designation (9.19.1.7)

Add if needed to differentiate Nichols, Chris ǂc (Officer of the

North Oxford Association)

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PN summary (for typical names)

Preferred name Always add dates when known Add the following as needed, in this

order of preference Fuller form of name Period of activity or Profession or

occupation Other designation

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Corporate names (11)

Same sources of information Same process

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Conventional names (11.2.2.5.4)

A conventional name is a name, other than the real or official name, by which a corporate body has come to be known. If a body is frequently identified by a conventional name in reference sources in its own language, choose this conventional name as the preferred name.

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Governments. The conventional name of a government is the name of the area exercises jurisdiction. This can be a country, province, state, county, municipality, etc.

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