rdl energy efficiency and new and renewable energy in commercial buildings – new zealand david...
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RDL
Energy Efficiency and New and Renewable Energy in Commercial Buildings
– New Zealand
David F.S. Natusch
APEC EGNRET 28 ,
Tokyo, Japan, 29-30 January, 2007
Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
RDL
Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings
New and Renewable Energy in Commercial Buildings
Future Initiatives
The New Zealand Profile
Key Points
Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
Coverage
RDL
Few Significant Applications
• Mainly Passive.
Heat Loss Reduction
• Thermal Insulation,
• Radiation Minimisation.
Temperature Perception
• Wall Colours,
• Heat/Light Capture – Light pipes
Not an Impressive Record!
Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
Energy Efficiency
RDL
New Zealand started with 100% Renewable Energy
• Firewood,
• Hydroelectricity.
Has gone Backwards in Renewable Energy Use
• Cheaper to use Coal, Gas and Petroleum Products.
Now trying to slow the Decline by Promoting:
• Hydro,
• Geothermal,
• Biogas,
• Wind Power,
• Biofuels.
A Slow Process
Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
New and Renewable Energy
RDL
Energy Supply, 2005
Energy Supplied PJ Total Renewable
% %
Total Energy 688 100 27
Renewables 184 27 100
Non Biological
Hydro 84 12 46
Geothermal 81 12 44
Wind 2.2 0.3 1.2
Biological 17 2.4 9
Wastes: Sewage gas, Landfill gas, Ag. & Wood wastes
Ag. Crops
Wood Most Renewables non-Biological
Fats & Oils
Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
Current Energy Supply Distribution
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Energy Consumption, 2005
Energy Consumed PJ %
Total Energy 465 100
Agriculture 20 4
Industrial 136 29
Commercial 49 11
Residential 62 13
Transport 198 43
Commercial Energy use is Minor
Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
Current Consumer Energy Distribution
RDL
Now trying to slow the Decline by Promoting:
• Energy End Use Efficiency
• Solar – mainly Passive,
• Hydro – micro and mini,
• Geothermal,
• Biogas,
• Wind Power,
• Combined Solar and Wind Power
• Biofuels.
The main initiatives are in Energy Efficiency & Biofuels
Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
Current Initiatives
RDL
New Zealand has a Maritime Climate
• Few Temperature Extremes,
• Less Heating and Cooling Demand cf. other APEC Economies,
Little Economic Drive
• Energy Efficiency savings are relatively small,
• No Government Subsidies for Energy Efficiency.
Most Energy Conservation Activity in Residential Sector
• Management of Off Peak Electricity for Water Heating,
• Building Insulation
The Economic Drivers are not Strong
Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
The New Zealand Profile
RDL
• Low Heating and Cooling Demand cf. other APEC Economies,
• Energy Efficiency savings are relatively small,
• No Government Subsidies for Energy Efficiency,
• Most Energy Conservation Activity in Residential Sector,
• Commercial Energy use quite small (11%),
• N & RE use not directed to Commercial Energy Sector,
• Quite high level of N & RE (29%) in the Energy Supply Mix,
• Government Policy to increase N & RE Supply,
• No significant initiatives for Commercial Buildings.
The Economic Drivers are not Strong
Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
Key Points