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*Read the entire board!*Note change to homework!!!! Please have your homework on your desk for a stamp
Yo!*
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Comparative Niches
Share with your neighbor!Find the strongest comparison in the group.Statement: Even though ecosystems are
different, they need to have the same niches. Agree or disagree? Defend your choice!
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Energy flow in ecosystems
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Energy Pyramid
Fig. 4–16
• ecological efficiency 5% to 20%
• 10% efficiency general rule
© Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP
Graphic representation of energy available at each trophic level.
90% energy is lost in transfer between trophic levels: motion, body heat, metabolism, growth
10% Rule: Only 10% of energy is available to next trophic level.
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Energy pyramids – key understandings
Fig. 4–17
© Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP
Explain why there are no more than 5 or 6 links in a food chain.
Give us our language “lower/higher” on the food chain.
Can NEVER be “upside” downExplain why top predators like wolves need
lots of land to find enough food to survive.
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Prairie Ecosystem
Hawks
Snakes
Mice
Grasses
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Our food chain – which would provide more total calories for 7 billion
people?
human
animals
plants
human
plants
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Biomass Pyramids measure mass
Fig. 4–18© Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP
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Pyramids of Numbers
Fig. 4–19
© Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP
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A measure of the rate at which autotrophs store biomass.
Net primary productivity = photosynthetic rate of plants – respiration rate of plants.
Primary Productivity determines the shape of the pyramids’ base (and then the next levels up)
Net Primary Productivity
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Primary Productivity (per area)
Fig. 4–21© Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP
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Check for understanding!
Key understandings of energy pyramidsWhere does 90% of the energy go?How to calculate energy at each level (units?)Exceptions to numbers and biomass pyramids