Reasons for ExplorationGold, Glory, God

1. Sought new routes (Spice Trade)

2. Sought new Markets

3. Missionary

4. Sought fame and fortune (Renaissance)

New Technology1. Compass (Chinese invention)2. Astrolabe (Islamic invention)3. Cartography improved4. Shipwrights outfit new sails

(Arabic Invention) and multiple masts

Caravel

Leaders of Exploration

• Portugal–Prince Henry the Navigator

–First Explorers• Dias (1487)

• Vasco da Gama (1497)

Spain• Ferdinand and Isabella began

Spain’s quest–Columbus (1492)

Conflict and Resolution

Spain and Portugal laid claim to ‘New World’

Pope drew a Line of Demarcation(Spain gets West and Portugal gets East)

SPAIN PORTUGAL

Treaty of Tordesillas altered the Line

(Portugal got Brazil and East, Spain got West minus Brazil)

Line of Demarcation not acceptable

SPAIN PORTUGAL

Other Countries• Netherlands (Dutch)

–Dutch East India Company

• France–Quebec and Mississippi Delta

• England–Francis Drake and Pirates

–New England

Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange

Effects of Exploration1. Colonial competition

2. Native cultures absorb European culture

• Imposed or adopted

3. New markets

4. Decline of Mediterranean

5. New business methods