Mary Balboni

Raytheon

Intelligence, Information and Services (IIS)

Recognizing Innovation and Owning your

Contribution

#0261-000586TPCR#IIS-941

Copyright © 2013 Raytheon Company. All rights reserved.

Customer Success Is Our Mission is a registered trademark of Raytheon Company.

Abstract

The target audience would be any age, any experienced

engineer or someone interested in technology. This session

will be an innovation talk, recognizing

innovation from the start of my career in the 1970's,

getting audience members excited about

innovations happening today, adding information of

how to recognize that you have a new idea and to own

it by what you can do to document it for Intellectual

Property, patents, licenses. If there is time, I would like to do

a quick exercise in innovation thinking as a group.

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 2

The Difference Between 'Invention' and 'Innovation'

In its purest sense, "invention" can be defined as the creation

of a product or introduction of a process for the first time.

"Innovation," on the other hand, occurs if someone improves

on or makes a significant contribution to an existing product,

process or service.

Tom Grasty ‘Innovator to Watch’ 2010 Knight News Challenger Winner

http://www.pbs.org/idealab/2012/03/the-difference-between-invention-and-

innovation086.html

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 3

The Difference Between 'Invention' and 'Innovation'

Invention Microprocessor

Tom Grasty ‘Innovator to Watch’ 2010 Knight News Challenger Winner

Innovation

• Hundreds of

thousands of

products,

processes and

services that

evolved from the

invention

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 4

Invention Innovations

Not being “First” exactly

Steve Jobs, late CEO of Apple, Innovator

1979 Sony

Walkman

– ‘Music

anytime,

anywhere’

1980’s

MPG3

devices 2001

iPod

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 5

Process Improvements:

Innovations in the Service Industry

Taxi knows where you are vs you (Customer) know where the Taxis are…..

Taxi cockpit – two

smartphones and a

digital camera behind

the steering wheel

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 6

UK’s

HAILO Germany’s

BetterTaxi App

USA’s

Uber’s

App for

users,

also Taxi

Magic

UNIVAC, Division of Remington Rand

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 7

Eckert Mauchly Computer

Corporation, founded 1946

Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC), first commercial digital computer

1950 Remington Rand picked up Eckert

Mauchly Computer Corp

1955 Sperry Corp merged with Remington

Rand to form Sperry Rand

1986 Hostile takeover: Sperry Rand taken by

Burroughs to form Unisys

My 1974 Experience: Data Entry

Hollerith card data input through Punched Cards

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 8

Current Day : keyboards and even voice recognition

Data Storage

Paper and Mag tape

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 9

Current Day : Multi-GIG storage capacity on a USB device, SAN Disks..

Printers

Drum Printer UNIVAC 9400

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 10

Current Day: Wireless portable color printers for the home

Portable Computers

1959 Mobile Computer Center

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 11

Current Day: Laptops, iPads, iPhones…

UNIVAC 9400 computer in a museum in

Germany

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 12

Communicated with itself in the 1970’s

Internet Connectivity

2012 Internet Penetration: Number of users as a percentage of the country’s

population

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 13

Current Day : World Wide Connectivity plus Cloud Environments

Great Women in Computers

Grace Hopper

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 14

Grace Hopper, developer of the computer programming language COBOL, standing next to a UNIVAC

computer approx. 1960

“The most important thing I've accomplished, other than

building the compiler, is training young people. They come to

me, you know, and say, "Do you think we can do this?" I say,

"Try it." And I back 'em up. They need that. I keep track of

them as they get older and I stir 'em up at intervals so they

don't forget to take chances.

1809

Great Women Innovators

Mary Kies•First American woman to earn a patent in her own name•Developed a way to weaving straw into hats that was an economic boon for New England

Ruth Wakefield•Dietian and food lecturer•Owned a tollhouse restaurant with her husband and invented Semi-sweet Chocolate Morsels

1939

Mary Anderson•Developed a squeeqee to wipe off the windshield after taking a cab during the snow•She patented her device and 10 years later thousands of cars were made with her device 1903

Bessie Blount•African American women who practiced as a physical therapist after WWII with frontline amputees•She developed a patent for handicapped to feed themselves 1951

Stephanie Kwolek•Started at DuPont in a temporary job thinking of going on to medical school•Developed a fiber that was ounce-for-ounce as strong as steel, dubbed Kevlar 1964

Great Women Innovators

Sarah Goode•1850 born into slavery•1885 First African American women to receive a U.S.Patent #322,177 for a cabinet bed.

Patent# 322,177

Great Women Innovators

Lillian Moller Gilbreth, PhD (1878-1972)•Lillian and her husband Frank invented Ergonomics•Lillian holds many patents on kitchen devices including the foot-pedal-lid-opener trash can•She had 12 children•She was partnered with her husband until his death in the Gilbreth Inc company, later worked as an industrial engineer for General Electric and in 1966 became the first wormen member of the Society of Industrial Engineers in 1921•Has been declared ‘The World’s Greatest Woman Engineer’

Great Women Innovators

Hedy Lamarr•1942 Co-inventor of an early technique for spread spectrum communications and frequency hopping, used for wireless communication from pre-computer age to present day•Movie Star

Patent#

21st Century

Innovation Thinking

Deborah Rhodes

Dr Amy

Baxter

Olga Koper,

Nanotechnologist

”Buzzy© ” Pain Relief Invention for Diabetics, Kids, anyone that requires injections

30 US and International Patents on nanomaterials such as FASTRACT – a nanopowder that absorbs and mitigates toxic and waste chemicals

Deborah Rhodes is an expert at managing breast-cancer risk. The director of the Mayo Clinic’s Executive Health Program is now testing a gamma camera that can see tumors that get missed by mammography and is pain free.

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 20

Own your Innovation

Cartoon License #TCB-69367 on request from

CondéNast Cartoon Bank

Brain Power

“Our mental function is directly related to what we eat or don’t

eat,” writes Arthur Winter, M.D., and Ruth Winter, M.S., in

Smart Food: Diet and Nutrition for Maximum Brain Power (St.

Martin’s Press, 1999). Food, they explain, ultimately becomes

the chemicals in the brain that affect mood, memory, appetite,

even intelligence.

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 21

Tom Weede, Former SR Editor of Men’s Fitness magazine, Entrepreneur Diet: The

On-the-Go Plan for Fitness Weight Loss and Healthy Living

Brain Power:

Six Sigma Process Improvement

Six Sigma is a highly disciplined process that helps us focus on developing and delivering near-perfect products and services.

Improvements by Reducing Defects / Reducing Variation

Best solutions for the best achievement

Tools– Data collection / Affinity Analysis

– Pareto

– Root Cause Analysis tools: Ishikawa/Fishbone/5 Whys/Causal Loop Diagram

– Control Charts

– Weighted Decision Matrix / Nominal Group Technique

– AS-IS and TO-BE Charts

– Surveys

– Time Value Maps

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 23

Developed in 1981 by Motorola; Championed in 1995 by Jack Welch CEO of GE

Brain Power:

Theory of Inventive Problem Solving

Did anyone have a problem before the wheel was

invented? Genrich Altshuller, 1926-1998, who developed

TRIZ1, (pronounced TREEZ) ; sometimes called TIPS

Altshuller studied over 200,000 most innovative patents

He noticed that inventors had the gift of seeing problems

everywhere, problems waiting for a solution

Today his knowledge database includes the essence of

2,500,000 patents and 40 principles

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 24

Genrich Altshuller ‘And Suddenly the Inventor Appeared: TRIZ, the Theory of

Inventive Problem Solving’ Originally published in English in 1990, based on TRIZ

that was developed in the Soviet Union in 1940’s1 “Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch” – Theory of Inventive Problem Solving

Brain Power:

Theory of Inventive Problem Solving

Created by engineers, for engineers and it works for

everyone

A systematic innovation itself

Accelerates creative problem solving

Overcomes psychological inertia

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 25

Applies knowledge that has been used to solve breakthrough problems

TRIZ Problem Solving Method

Taking the specific

problem and generalizing

it to one of TRIZ general

problems

From TRIZ general

problems, you identify the

TRIZ solutions

See how these solutions

could be applied to your

specific problem

6/4/2014 26

TRIZ

Analogous

Standard

Problem

My

ProblemMy

Solution

TRIZ

Analogous

Standard

Solution

Makes TRIZ Unique

TRIZ 40 Principles of Problem Solving

6/4/2014 27

Free for Personal Use: http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/1997/07/b/index.html

Principle 11. Beforehand cushioning

Principle 12. Equipotentiality

Principle 13. 'The other way round

Principle 14. Spheroidality - Curvature

Principle 15. Dynamics

Principle 16. Partial or excessive actions

Principle 17. Another dimension

Principle 18. Mechanical vibration

Principle 19. Periodic action

Principle 20. Continuity of useful action

Principle 31. Porous materials

Principle 32. Color changes

Principle 33. Homogeneity

Principle 34. Discarding and recovering

Principle 35. Parameter changes

Principle 36. Phase transitions

Principle 37. Thermal expansion

Principle 38. Strong oxidants

Principle 39. Inert atmosphere

Principle 40. Composite materials

Principle 21. Skipping

Principle 22. "Blessing in disguise" or "Turn Lemons into Lemonade"

Principle 23. Feedback

Principle 24. 'Intermediary'

Principle 25. Self-service

Principle 26. Copying

Principle 27. Cheap short living objects

Principle 28. Mechanics substitution

Principle 29. Pneumatics and hydraulics

Principle 30. Flexible shells and thin films

Principle 1. Segmentation

Principle 2. Taking out

Principle 3. Local quality

Principle 4. Asymmetry

Principle 5. Merging

Principle 6. Universality

Principle 7. "Nested doll"

Principle 8. Anti-weight

Principle 9. Preliminary anti-action

Principle 10. Preliminary action

TRIZ Example of Principles of Problem Solving

Examples of a few principles and possible solutions

6/4/2014 28

Analogous Solutions result from the Inventive Principle

Principle Solution (at one time innovations)

#1 Segmentation

a. Divide an object into independent

parts

b. Make an object sectional

c. Increase the degree of an object's

segmentation

Individually wrapped cheese slices or

mints

Sectional Furniture, modular computer

components, folding wooden ruler

Garden hoses can be joined together to

form any length needed

TRIZ Example of Principles of Problem Solving

Examples of a few principles and possible solutions

6/4/2014 29

Free for Personal Use: http://www.triz-journal.com/archives/1997/07/b/index.html

Principle Solution (at one time innovations)

#3 Local quality (Provide different

packaging for different uses)

Non-alcoholic Margaritas, Child-size

easy chairs / a pencil and eraser in

one unit

#6 Universality (Make an object

perform multiple functions)

Chocolate spread sold in glasses

(with a lid) that can be used for

drinking after chocolate is used ; a

convertible sofa/bed

#7 Nested Doll Stores within stores (Coffee shops in

bookstores); mechanical pencil with

stored lead inside

#17 Another dimension (Tilt or re-

orient object)

Squeezable ketchup bottles that sit on

their lids

6/4/2014 30

Be energized by Your Ideas

Limber up your Brain

A bat and a ball together costs 110 cents. The bat costs

100 cents more than the ball. How much does the ball

cost?

If it takes 5 machines 5 minutes to make 5 widgets, how

long would it take 100 machines to make 100 widgets?

In a lake, there is a patch of lily pads. Every day, the

patch doubles in size. If it takes 48 days for the patch to

cover the entire lake, how long would it take for the patch

to cover half the lake?

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 31

Joerg Oechsslet et all ‘Cognitive Abilities and Behavioral Biases’ Discussion paper

series No. 465, May 2008, University of Heidelberg Dept of Economics

Limber up your Brain

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 32

Are you an Reflective or Impulsive decision maker?

B(ball) = 10

100 minutes

24 days

Mr. Impulsive’s Answers

Bat and Ball

BALL+ BAT = 110

BAT = BALL + 100

BALL + BALL + 100 = 110

2(BALL) = 10

BALL = 5

Widgets

5 machines x 5 minutes = 5 widgets

1 machine x 5 minutes = 1 widget

100 machines x 5 minutes = 100 widgets

Patch of Lily Pads

Day 47 half lake

Day 48 entire lake (or Double Day 47)

Limber up your Brain

Reflective decision makers:

– Individuals with high cognitive abilities

– More risk takers

– More patient

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 33

Sound familiar to you?

Impulsive decision makers:

− More risk averse

− Less patient

Mr. Impulsive

Get out of my Way, I’m Drawing Horns! 1

Stefan Bucher’s Daily Monster (www.dailymonster.com)

is a great example of the concept of ‘Creativity of the moment’,

the thought that we grow creatively in large ways by exercising creative

thoughts in small, digestible opportunities. Today, each of you is going to

use a pencil to create a monster. The only restrictions are

1) once you put your pencil down to start drawing, you cannot remove the

pencil from the paper until you are done, and

2) you and a partner are working together to create one monster so you

must both start at the same time on the same piece of paper working

on the same monster.

You can talk it out as you go or stay silent and read from one another’s

direction what you can add to the monster. Make sure you have enough

space around a table to move, get different perspectives and see what has

been created.

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 34

1 Caffeine for the Creative Team : 150 Exercises to Inspire Group Innovation

Time to Start INNOVATION Monster Drawings

6/4/2014 35

INNOVATION

Be Energized by Ideas

1 Minute

2 Minute

Time to STOP INNOVATION Monster Drawings

6/4/2014 36

INNOVATION• Sign

• Please donate to SWE and pass into Mary

Be Energized by Ideas

Factors to consider when turning an idea to a

world-changing innovation

1. Competitive advantage: Your innovation should provide a unique

competitive position for the enterprise in the marketplace;

2. Business alignment: The differentiating factors of your innovation should

be conceptualized around the key strategic focus of the enterprise and its

goals;

3. Customers: Knowing the customers who will benefit from your innovation

is paramount;

4. Execution: Identifying resources, processes, risks, partners and

suppliers and the ecosystem in the market for succeeding in the innovation

is equally important;

5. Business value: Assessing the value (monetary, market size, etc.) of the

innovation and how the idea will bring that value into the organization is a

critical underlying factor in selecting which idea to pursue.

Venkatakrishnan Balasubramanian, a research analyst with Infosys Labs

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 37

White Papers and Charts

Document Your Idea6/4/2014 38

• First, get your idea down on paper

•Then, start using the ‘language’ and Communication

styles of Engineers

o White Papers

o Quad or Penta Charts

• Answer the “Heilmeier” questions

Heilmeier Catechism

A set of questions credited to Heilmeier that anyone proposing a research

project or product development effort should be able to answer.[1]

What are you trying to do? Articulate your objectives using absolutely no

jargon.

How is it done today, and what are the limits of current practice?

What's new in your approach and why do you think it will be successful?

Who cares?

If you're successful, what difference will it make?

What are the risks and the payoffs?

How much will it cost?

How long will it take?

What are the midterm and final "exams" to check for success?

6/4/2014 39

[1] Credits these observations to G. Heilmeier, "Some Reflections on Innovation and

Invention," Founders Award Lecture, National Academy of Engineering, Washington,

D.C., Sept. 1992.

Example

6/4/2014 40

• First, get your idea down on paper

Detect pain sources from an

unconscious person or

soldier, elderly, comatose,

Autistic child, babies, etc

(a “Mary” Idea for an example)

Be Energized by Ideas

Pain Source Detector (PSD) Quad Chart Example

Capabilities:

Collaborate with medical industry partner with

experience in body / brain synapse sensors. :

Develop sensor specific to pain synopsis, a system

to find source of pain and ability to communicate

and monitor pain data

Discriminators:

Balboni INC is experienced with integrated solution

development and analyzing large data, partners are

experienced with brain synapse sensory data and

capturing that data for analysis

Quality Standards and other Accreditations:

• AS9100 certified Partners

• HHS HIPPA Compliant: Privacy and Security Standards

Contact / Address Details:

Name I. M. Smart

Postal and / or Street Address

606 Braintree Road, NY, NY

Phone (555) 222-6666

Fax

Email

Website

Product: Pain Source Detector (PSD)

http://www.defence.gov.au/deu/docs/quad_chart_template.doc

Key Customers: Domestic and international medical

industry for use on comatose, unresponsive patients

(soldiers, accident victims), autistic child, babies, elderly

or dementia patients

Key Partners:

Medical Sensor Development Company, specialists in

developing sensors for medical equipment

Synapse LLC, specialist in brain synapse sensory data

collection

Low cost, high capacity, system to detect source of

pain in unresponsive patients

White Paper Outline Sample

Length not to exceed 3 pages.

I. Summary Statement of Idea: Give a very brief, 2 to 3 sentence, statement of your idea.

II. Idea Description: Describe your idea with an emphasis on what is new and how it will address the

challenge. You should be specific and quantify the expected outcome as much as possible.

III. Approach: Describe how your idea works, what is new in your approach and what evidence there is

that your approach will work. This section should contain a critical discussion on the approach for your

proposed idea. You should describe the key challenges that will need to be overcome to realize the

envisioned capability or product. Quantify the expected performance improvement of the new “product

or process” as much as possible. Compare to existing solution where possible.

IV. Impact: Describe the capability that will be enabled, how it will meet the challenge, and the end

product that will exist for a customer.

V. Include a single PowerPoint chart summarizing the proposed idea

VI. NOTES

Document Your Idea6/4/2014 42

Owning You Ideas

Intellectual Property– Patents, Copyrights and Licenses

Trademarks

Publish – White Papers, Conferences, Symposiums,

Journals

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 43

Legal Information Institute at Cornell: http://www.law.cornell.edu/

Intellectual Property (IP)

USPTO and NIST/MEP

ipAwarenessAssessment Beta II tool launched 2012 – General Categories

IP Strategies & Best Practices

International IP Rights

IP Asset Tracking

Licensing Technology to Others

Using Technology of Others

– Additional Categories

Copyrights

Design Patents

Trademarks

Trade Secrets

Utility Patents

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 44

IP Awareness Tool: http://www.uspto.gov/inventors/assessment/index.html

Intellectual Property (IP)

World’s Five Largest Intellectual Property Offices (IP5) – US Dept of Commerce’s US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)

– European Patent Office (EPO)

– Japan Patent Office (JPO)

– Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO)

– State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China (SIPO)

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 45

Five IP Offices: http://www.fiveipoffices.org/index.html

Account for 90% of

all patent

applications files

worldwide

Intellectual Property (IP)

Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) 1970– Work sharing with IP5 to increase examination capacity

– Provides a Single International Patent

– Simultaneously protected for invention in 147 countries

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 46

International or Global View of Patent Applications

U.S. PatentGrants property right to the inventor(s), issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office "the

right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, or selling" the invention in the

United States or "importing" the invention into the United States.

Utility Patent

– Granted to anyone who invents or discovers any new and useful process, machine, article

of manufacture, or compositions of matters, or any new useful improvement thereof.

Design Patent

– Granted to anyone who invents a new, original, and ornamental design for an article of

manufacture.

Plant Patent

– Granted to anyone who invents or discovers and asexually reproduces any distinct and

new variety of plant.

Filing fees, small (50% discount) and micro (75% discount) entities have reductions

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 47

Patent and Trademark Office Fee Schedule:

http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/qs/ope/fee031913.htm

America Invents Act (AIA) of 2011

6/4/2014 48

First to File – NOT “First to Invent” anymore

http://www.aiarulemaking.com/

Copyrights © and Licenses

Protects work– Originally covered ‘writings’, but now covers architectural design, software, the

graphic arts, motion pictures, and sound recordings

– Owner has exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, perform, display, license, and to prepare derivative works

– Although works produced in the US today (after 3/1/89) are not required to have a mark displayed to be protected by copyright, many authors and producers include a copyright notice to deter unauthorized use of their work.

– The notice must not be concealed from view in normal use, and must include the copyright symbol ( © ), the name of the copyright owner and the year the work was first published.

Compulsory License: a statutorily-created license that allows the use of copyrighted materials (Intellectual Property) without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. In exchange, a royalty is paid to the copyright holder.

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 49

U.S. Copyright Act, 17 U.S.C. §§ 101 - 810

Registered Trademarks ® Examples

Registered Trademark ® includes:– Trademarks

– Trade Names

– Trade Dress

– Service Marks

– Logos

– Domain Names

– URLs

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 50

DOS vs Linux: Different Philosophies

DOS – 1981 Bill Gates maintains © licensing

rights to MS-DOS separate from the IBM PC

Linux – 1991 Linus Torvalds released source

code with a license of prohibiting commercial

distribution under GNU General Public License

and later ® trademarked by Linus under a non-

profit company Linux Mark Institute, FOSS

10-25-2013SWE13 Conference #0261-000586 51

Net worth $71B

Only payout on Linux from Red Hat: $1M in stock

6/4/2014 52

YOU

Learn Techniques and Tools that will accelerate your Creativity !

Get Excited about Innovation

Recognize it all around You

Own Yours!

Biography

Mary Balboni Bio

Systems Engineer / Engineering Manager

Business Unit : Raytheon Intelligence, Information and Services (IIS)

Location Dulles, Virginia

Mary Balboni is a Risk Manager for a number of UAV programs. On prior programs related to Cyber risks,

she helped write policy for the DOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) Cyber Risk

Management program. M Balboni also is an Engineering Section Manager in the IIS Defense and Civil

Missions Solutions (DCMS) department, managing a group of engineers working UAV related programs.

Her 30+ years of experience includes systems / software work on such programs as: USAF Distributed

Common Ground System (DCGS) Senior Year (SY), DDG 1000 Zumwalt, Persistent Surveillance and

Dissemination System of Systems (PSDS2), Global Broadcast Service (GBS), FAA contracts (AAS, E-

ARTS, OSDS), Army WWMMCS, Trident Missile Guidance System, Over-the-Horizon-Backscatter (OTH-B)

Radar, Consolidated Automated Support System (CASS) for aircraft carriers, and large Classified satellite

ground station systems.

She is a Raytheon Six Sigma coach and is certified in Risk and Opportunity Management. M Balboni

graduated Wave 20 of Raytheon's System Engineering Technical Development Program (SEtdp) with a

white paper on conversion architecture from decoy missile to mid-range sea launched missile. She has a BS

in Computer Science and a certificate in Internet Programming. She will complete her MS in Systems

Engineering from GWU with a concentration in Information Assurance in 2014.

53