reef resilience & responding to climate change …...2 background in june 2013 the fourth in a...

Reef Resilience & Responding to Climate Change

Trainers of Trainers Workshop

Zanzibar, Tanzania

June 10-14, 2013

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Background

In June 2013 the fourth in a series of four, Reef Resilience and Responding to Climate Change

Training of Trainers Workshops, was completed. The workshop was held in Zanzibar, Tanzania

and was funded with the support of the John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. The

workshop was planned in collaboration with key partners working in the region, Coral Reef

Degradation in the Indian Ocean (CORDIO), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration (NOAA), and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

After conducting an open call for applications via our website and several listservs we received

over forty excellent applications from ten countries including Egypt, Maldives, Seychelles, India,

Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Madagascar, Mozambique and Somalia. We accepted twenty‐

five highly qualified participants who completed a six month online Reef Resilience course and

in person training.

Workshop Objectives

To facilitate the incorporation of resilience into coral reef management and planning

To provide managers with innovative approaches and tools that lead to practical solutions

for coral reef management

To provide coral reef managers skills in communication and facilitation

To facilitate an exchange between Western Indian Ocean coral reef managers

Expected outcomes:

The development of confident, competent trainers with the skills to design and

implement projects to advance the conservation strategies in their geographies.

The development of a network of managers in the WIO to share ideas and inspire action

that will lead to more effective long‐term coral reef management in this region

The implementation of specific training plans or projects, “Trainers Projects”, by

workshop participants for implementation in their area to build resilience into reef

management.

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Workshop Participants

There were 25 participants who attended the workshop (See Appendix B). Participants

represent twenty-three organizations, eleven NGOs and twelve governmental agencies. Six of

the participants were women.

Methodology

Prior to the workshop, participants took part in a four-month, intensive online course based on

the Reef Resilience curriculum (www.conservationtraining.org) and were required to make

weekly discussion postings in addition to weekly online assessments and completion of one

long-term management planning assignment. For that assignment, participants were given the

choice between creating a draft bleaching response plan or a draft bleaching communication

plan. Expert mentors for the online course included: Bob Steneck (University of Maine), Rob

Van Woesick (Florida Institute of Technology), Elizabeth Mcleod (TNC), Eddie Game (TNC), Trina

Leberer (TNC) and Paul Marshall (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority).

The five day workshop was designed to create an atmosphere of learning and exchange with

multiple opportunities for participants to share ideas with each other and interact with experts.

Training in each topic area was provided throughout the week and expert coaches supported

the participants in the development of a specific training plan for implementation in their area

to build resilience into reef management. The workshop agenda is summarized below and

included in Appendix C.

Day 1: After initial introductions and a short history of the program the workshop focused on

enhancing participant’s facilitation and presentation skills. Each lesson was followed by a group

activity in which participants were able to work on these skills with others. An introduction on

the principles of reef resilience and an overview of Trainers Projects (implementation of

training or outreach activities by TOT participants post workshop in their locale, small stipends

are awarded to support their efforts) were also given. The day ended with a recap of the

http://www.conservationtraining.org/

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lessons learned, a short evaluation by participants and a group dinner. Note: All evenings were

spent dining as a group to further support collaboration and connections between participants.

Day 2: This day began with a focus on climate change and reef resilience. Expert trainers gave

presentations and discussed methods to effectively present these topics to different audiences.

The participants received an overview of the Trainers Projects and began developing ideas in

small groups for these projects. The afternoon involved presentations and activities on MPA

design. The group activity in this session has been used in past workshops and has proved very

successful in helping participants apply the concepts learned during the presentation and

therefore be more able to train others after the course.

Day 3: Participants went on a field trip to reef sites that provided examples of resilient and

non‐resilient ecosystems. This day was a further opportunity to learn about how others in the

area have applied resilience concepts in their work.

Day 4: This day involved a discussion and activity on resilient MPA design. The day also

included a session on Communicating with stakeholders. Participants learned tips for

communicating with stakeholders and completed an activity that allowed participants to share

their knowledge and experience working with stakeholders. Presentations were also given on

Bleaching Response, where the group participated in a facilitated discussion on the challenges

managers face when addressing this topic and what methods people have found successful in

their area. The day concluded with a presentation and group work on facilitation skills.

Day 5: The final day of the workshop included a presentation on social resilience.

Communication and presentation skills were also highlighted before the afternoon session

which focused on presentations by each participant to the group on their proposed

Trainers Projects. The day concluded with final workshop evaluations and an overall wrap up of

the lessons and activities covered during the workshop. All workshop presentations and the

training guides used in the workshop were provided to participants on flash drives along with

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certificates of completion of the Reef Resilience Course. The expert coaches included Ameer

Abdulla (IUCN), Mary Sue Brancato (NOAA), Alison Green (TNC), David Obura (CORDIO), Petra

MacGowan (TNC), Rod Salm (TNC), and Ann Weaver (NOAA).

Lessons Learned & Next Steps

At the end of the course, 100% of participants agreed that their knowledge of resilience had

increased. Many participants said that they are very likely to use the information from the

training in their work. Lessons learned for improving the training are listed in the document

Zanzibar TOT 2013 Debrief Notes. Participant evaluations included comments such as:

“A most useful symposium with all the knowledge of the “trainers to be” and the very

professional mentorship of the coaches. The entire symposium day by day was (for me)

exactly at the right level”

“I got more than what I expected…all add value to my experience and will help me in the

future”

The next steps for the participants is to lead a Trainer’s Project at their sites based on what

they’ve learned, utilizing up to $2000 in seed funding. The Reef Resilience Program staff are

currently working with the recently graduated trainers to design effective trainers projects and

to finalize their proposals for seed funding. Of the twenty-five participants, twenty-two will be

conducting trainers projects in their local areas within the next year. After the completion of

their projects the Trainers will submit final reports to assist RR Program staff in tracking the

impact of their projects. A full summary of the proposed trainer’s projects can be found in

Appendix A: Trainers Project Summaries WIO.

TOT Curriculum Next Steps:

The Reef Resilience Program is now in the process of rewriting the online course based on the

2013 update of the Reef Resilience Toolkit. The Reef Resilience Training of Trainers Course is a

critical component of the program, and will also need to be revised. We have recently secured,

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at no cost, support from Ann Weaver, of the NOAA Coastal Services Center to help lead the

revamp of the TOT training curriculum based on the updated science and lessons we have

learned from the implementation of these workshops over the past four years. We are excited

to update and revise the curriculum to meet the needs of coral reef managers provide them

with the resources to put coral reef resilience principles into practice.

Appendices

Appendix A: Trainers Project Summaries WIO

Appendix B: Zanzibar Training of Trainers Participants

Appendix C: Workshop Agenda

Appendix D: Summary of Participant Evaluations

Appendix E: Workshop Summary from August 2013 Newsletter

Appendix F: Participant Blogs

Appendix A: Trainers Project Summaries WIO

Country Name Organization Project Title Type of Project

Training start date

Egypt Mohamed Habib Nature Conservation Egypt

Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of Egypt’s Red Sea tourism industry

Workshop Oct. 2013

Egypt Yasser Saied Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency

Reef Resilience Capacity Building Program for reef managers and rangers at the Red Sea Marine Parks

Reef Resilience Workshop

Late 2013

Egypt Islam Mohammad Elsadek

Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, Gebal Elba Protected Areas

Monitoring for Resilience in Marsa Alam Area- Egypt

Monitoring Program

Oct. 2013

Egypt Abdul-rahman Shaaban

Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency

Wadi El-Gemal National Park Coral Reef Resilience and Training


TBD

India Vineeta Hoon

Centre for Action Research on Environment, Science, and Society

Communicating Reef Resilience in Lakshadweep

Reef Resilience workshop for NGO and teachers

Dec. 2013

India Vardhan Patankar Nature Conservation Foundation

Incorporating resilience concepts into current reef monitoring in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago

Resilience Training

Mar. 2014

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Training start date

Kenya Bernard Ogwoka Kenya Wildlife Service

Capacity Building for Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) staff on reef resilience and management


Oct. 2013

Kenya Jillo Katello Wato Kenya Wildlife Service

Training community monitoring team and Kenya wildlife service rangers on resource monitoring, reef resilience and climate change


Oct. 2013

Madagascar Bemahafaly Randriamanantsoa

Wildlife Conservation Society

Integrating coral reef resilience principles into MPA design for five sites in Madagascar

MPA Design workshop

Oct. 2013

Madagascar Vola Ramahery WWF Madagascar and Western Indian Ocean

Communication strategy on climate change impacts in Nosy Hara National Park and Ambodivahibe Marine Protected Area

Workshop and Radio Program

Sep. 2013

Maldives Yoosuf Rilwan Marine Research Centre

Monitoring of Grouper Spawning Sites

Cameras for use in Monitoring sites

Aug./Sep. 2013

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Training start date

Maldives Rifath Naeem Environmental Protection Agency

Critical Habitat Mapping

Rental equipment for habitat mapping

Nov. 2013

Maldives Rifaee Rasheed

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

Are sea grass beds really a nuisance?

Animation and school program

Jan. 2014

Mozambique Cremildo Armando

World Wildlife Fund (WWF)

Establishing the enabling environment for the multi-stakeholder process for development of a management plan for the Primeiras e Segundas MPA


Sep. 2013

Seychelles Eric Blais Nature Seychelles

Climate Change and Resilience on our Reef Ecosystem in Seychelles


Nov. 2013

South Africa Jennifer Olbers Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife

Towards the implementation of a coral bleaching management strategy for iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa

Bleaching Monitoring Training for Dive Operators

Jan. 2014

South Africa Terry Ferguson Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife

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Training start date

Tanzania Jairos Mahenge

Tanzania Coastal Management Partnership- The Pwani Project

Bagamoyo District Reef Resilience and Climate Change Impacts Awareness Raising Training Workshop


Sept. 2013

Tanzania Haji Mahingika Marine Parks and Reserves Tanzania

Communication strategy for ongoing degradation of coral reefs at Mafia Island Marine Park


TBD

Tanzania Ulli Kloiber Chumbe Island Coral Park

Reef Resilience & Bleaching Response in Zanzibar: Stakeholder workshop, design and implementation training

Resilience Training, BRP Awareness

Dec. 2013

Tanzania January Ndagala Tanga Coelacanth Marine Park

Bleaching and Resilience assessment capacity building

Resilience and Bleaching Monitoring training

Sep. 2013

Appendix B: Zanzibar TOT Participants

Participant Position Organization

Mohamed Habib Head of Environmental Committee Nature Conservation Egypt

Yasser Saied Deputy Manager, Red Sea Protected Areas


Islam Mohammad Elsadek

Researcher and Ranger, Gebal Elba Protected Areas


Abdul-rahman Shaaban

Marine Biologist Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency

Vineeta Hoon Managing Trustee Centre for Action Research on Environment, Science, and Society

Vardhan Patankar Research Scholar Nature Conservation Foundation

Bernard Ogwoka Research Technologist Kenya Wildlife Service

Jillo Katello Wato Research Technologist, Kisite/Mpunguti Marine Park and Reserve

Kenya Wildlife Service

Bemahafaly Randriamanantsoa

Marine Program Operations Coordinator

Wildlife Conservation Society

Vola Ramahery Diana Region Coordinator WWF Madagascar and Western Indian Ocean

Firmin Razafindratondra

Head of Component Conservation and Research

Madagascar National Parks

Radonirina Botosoamananto

Field/Fisheries Scientist Blue Ventures

Yoosuf Rilwan Research Officer, Coral Reef Unit Marine Research Centre

Rifath Naeem Senior Environment Analyst Environmental Protection Agency

Rifaee Rasheed Marine Projects Officer International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

Cremildo Armando Marine Officer and Law Enforcement Project Manager

World Wildlife Fund (WWF)

Eric Blais Cousin Island Special Reserve Coordinator

Nature Seychelles

Gilberte Gendron Senior Conservation Officer Ministry of Environment and Energy

Mohamud Hassan Ali Technical Fisheries Officer Ministry of National Resource of Somalia

Jennifer Olbers Scientist Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife

Terry Ferguson Marine Manager, Simangaliso Wetland Park

Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife

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Participant Position Organization

Jairos Mahenge Deputy Director–Spatial Planning, Conservation and Resilience

Tanzania Coastal Management Partnership- The Pwani Project

Haji Mahingika Senior Marine Warden-Research and Monitoring

Marine Parks and Reserves Tanzania

Ulli Kloiber Conservation & Education Manager Chumbe Island Coral Park

January Ndagala Senior Marine Warden-Research and Monitoring

Tanga Coelacanth Marine Park

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Appendix C: Workshop Agenda

AGENDA

TRAINING OF TRAINERS DAY 1 June 10, 2013

7:00-8:00 Breakfast at Grand Palace Hotel restaurant All

8:15-9:00

Welcome

Julius Francis, Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA)

David Obura, Coral Reef Degradation in the Indian Ocean (CORDIO)

Ameer Abdulla, IUCN

Petra MacGowan

9:00-9:45 Introductions and Workshop Overview Ann Weaver and Petra MacGowan

9:45-10:30 Training Context- Setting the Stage Ann Weaver

10:30-10:45 Tea Break All

10:45-12:00 Planning and Facilitating Collaborative Meetings Ann Weaver

12:00-1:00 Lunch All

1:00-1:15 Resilience and its Importance for Reef Management Ameer Abdulla

1:15-3:00 Principles of Resilience Rod Salm


3:15-4:30 Planning and Facilitating Collaborative Meetings (continued)

Ann Weaver

4:30-4:50 Trainers Project Part 1 Jordan Jobe

4:50-5:20 Daily Recap and Exit Survey Petra MacGowan and Ann Weaver

7:00-9:00 Group dinner at Tembo House Hotel Meet in lobby at 6:30 PM

All

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AGENDA



8:15-8:40 Welcome Back and Review Ann Weaver

8:40-10:15 Climate Change: Key Issues for Coral Reefs Mary Sue Brancato


10:30-12:00 Interventions Ann Weaver


1:00-2:00 Understanding Resilience Assessments David Obura and Ameer Abdulla

2:00-2:45 Managing for Reef Resilience David Obura and Ameer Abdulla


3:00-3:45 Managing for Reef Resilience (continued) All

3:45-4:30 Trainer’s Project Part 2 Jordan Jobe

4:30-5:00 Daily Recap and Evaluation Petra MacGowan

7:00-9:00 Group Dinner at La Taverna Meet in lobby at 6:30 PM

All

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AGENDA


7:00-8:00 Breakfast at Grand Palace Hotel restaurant

8:30

Departure from hotel and transfer to Village of Fumba, southwest of Stone Town Bring water bottle, sunscreen, hat, towel, snorkels/fins/masks if desired. All equipment will be provided at site.

9:15-12:30

Board the dhows (boats) for day trip Note: Guides were previously subsistence fishermen and all were born and live in Fumba village. We will go to Kwale sandbank to snorkel over the reef. Then, we will re-board the dhows and cruise to West Kwale for a second snorkeling session.

12:30-1:00 Lunch on Kwale Island

1:00-3:30 See additional sites around Menai Bay

3:30-4:30 Return to Stone Town

7:00-9:00 Group Dinner at Africa House Hotel Meet in lobby at 6:30 PM

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AGENDA TRAINING OF TRAINERS DAY 4

June 13, 2013


8:15-9:45 Resilient MPA Design Alison Green

9:45-11:15

Resilient MPA Design *Tea Break will be taken within the session when the facilitator determines

David Obura and Alison Green

11:15-12:20 Communicating with stakeholders Ann Weaver


1:15-2:45 Preparing for and Responding to Bleaching Events Ameer Abdulla


3:00-4:40 Selecting the Best Alternative and Facilitation Capstone Ann Weaver

4:40-5:00 Daily Recap & Evaluation Petra MacGowan

7:00-9:00 Group Dinner at Maru Maru Hotel Meet in the Lobby at 6:30pm

All

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AGENDA



8:15-9:25 Facilitation Capstone continued (from Day 4) Ann Weaver

9:25-9:45 Introduction to Mentor Program Mary Sue Brancato


10:00-11:00 Social Resilience David Obura

11:00-12:00 Communication and Presentation Skills Petra MacGowan


1:00-1:45 Preparation for presentation of Trainer’s Projects All

1:45-3:00 Presentation of Training Plans Jordan Jobe


3:20-3:30 Final Workshop Evaluation All

3:30-4:00 Wrap-up/Resources for Trainers Presentation of certificates

Petra MacGowan Jordan Jobe

7:00-9:00 Final Group Dinner All

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Appendix D: Summary of Participant Evaluations

DAY 1 Evaluation (n=24)

Training Context- Setting the Stage (Murder Mystery Activity)

Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree

I found this section interesting 8 15

I learned something useful 11 12

This information will help me in my job 12 9 2

Information delivery was clear and easy to understand 6 17

Other comments: -Information will help in my task at TOT and add value to my knowledge. It has taught me not to be rash in making decisions. Keep it up! More examples like this will help people think critically. -All presentations of the day professional and very interesting! -Where can you get the cards? -This was an interactive way to make the participants understand the points about sharing information and working collaboratively. Also allowed to break the ice and work as a team. -Helped in problem identification including causes of the same. -Liked approach but needed more time to understand all of the context, so if we replicate this we should consider the understanding level of the local people. -Good exercise because it makes managers think about the vision of their coral reef. -Very useful for critical thinking and connecting the events until the conclusion.

Planning and Facilitating Collaborative Meetings Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree



This information will help me in my job 12 11


Other comments: -It is a section I admire most in terms of value addition. I can confidently facilitate a meeting. Good facilitation from Weaver. -More case studies would have been great instead of theory. -This was interesting as often we learn by doing regarding facilitation and meeting planning. I will be able to improve myself in facilitating/leading meetings. -Theoretically this was very good, but need to consider the constraints on implementation. -It is very important so we have to learn more about it because it is new for many of the participants. -Trainer was clear and can deliver info easily. -I didn’t know that facilitators needed to undergo training. This will be very useful in my trainers project as I have proposed to conduct a training workshop for my communication plan.

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Principles of Reef Resilience Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree





Other comments: -Understood—clear. -Rod was great! -I thoroughly enjoyed and learned heaps from Rod’s presentation. Learned much more seeing the lecturer in person than from the online quizzes. -This was a bit lengthy. Perhaps better to choose the main points and give the main info on them and things that were not online. -Well presented with realistic examples for understanding the subject.

Activity: Develop a Mutual Understanding Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree

I found this activity interesting 9 12



My confidence to facilitate was improved by this activity 7 13 1

Other comments: -Good presentation. -This was too theoretical, too much info in a short time. Perhaps better to find an activity that will help the participants assimilate the info quicker. It was good to have page numbers on the slides. -The approach to facilitate this activity is okay, but then the different selfish interests among individuals in the organization may be the obstacle. -In practice this approach needs a lot of time, so it is better to consider it during planning. -The facilitator was keen to ensure each participant understood. -Hope to lead a group to understand each other, then make the facilitator attempt the objective.

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Climate Change: Key Issues for Coral Reefs Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree


I learned something useful 14 10 1


Information delivery was clear and easy to understand 8 15 2

Other comments: -Too little time. -Some presenters have to improve their way of presenting in an easy and clear way. -More time needed since subject is intensive. -Good concept and current issue nowadays. Can help me beyond my job! -All presenters/mentors very professional and helpful. Thanks. -Should consider incorporating more country specific examples from the region. -This is a key issue for coral reefs and is very useful. In my job, I am expected to speak to a committee and staff. -Clear and good phrasing. What we learned during online course should be shortened. -Good presentation, great info about current knowledge. -Useful information presented in a simple way with lots of graphs. -Couldn’t read graphs and figures from seat, and useful to have graph axes explained. -Good job and a lot of info, however, need to break it down to smaller presentations for one to understand. -Graphs are sometimes confusing.

Interventions Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree





Other comments: -Need to speak naturally without microphones (echo sound). -Best of the day and good presenter. Thank you Ann. -Take practice to get this right. -This is one of the things I always did without having some basis for it. It is really helpful to manage a group discussion. -Very important. -Confidence would come with more activities, would be great to get direct feedback from coach after each activity. -I expect to have different personalities in a meeting and hope to be able to manage them through to

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reach the expected outcome. -Good job, I like it. -Using different organizations to define behavior was fantastic! -Great module! Allowed people who haven’t dealt with difficult situations to practice.

Understanding Resilience Assessments Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree





Other comments: -Field work demonstrations would be useful. -Speaker could be a bit louder. -Need more time for activity and especially to discuss group outcome. -I’ve already got some basis and all of the info that I’ve been asked until now was in this presentation. -Presentation again repeated online course, could have been reduced. -Presentation very technical but not very lively, sometimes presenter difficult to understand due to acoustics. -Have this session in the morning instead of after lunch, quite technical and needs focus. -More time. -Needs more time and technical subject so have in the morning. -A lot of info in the slides but less explanation (may be because of timeline). -Details were ok, but combining two sessions after lunch reduced concentration. -I got more confused with concepts of resilience in the discussion groups, as different people were explaining resilience in their own words.

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Managing for Reef Resilience Strongly Agree

Agree Unsure Disagree Strongly Disagree





Other comments: -Resilience indicators for inclusion into standard monitoring program need to be reviewed for thorough understanding. -Too little time for activity. -Presentation again repeated online course, could have been reduced. -Case study of Maldives was good, again acoustics not the best. -Got a bit lost with this, have in morning. -Have in morning when people not tired. -Very important, but still need to know how to analyze data. -Combining two sessions after lunch reduced concentration. -Some coaches probably need more facilitation training. Especially when it comes to interventions! Another needs to speak more slowly and loudly. He speaks loud at the beginning and then trails off with a low voice.

Trainer’s Project Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree

I found this activity interesting 13 11 1

This information will help me improve the design of my trainers project

13 12

Understanding of what is expected to receive funds for my trainers project was improved by this activity

11 13 1

Other comments: -Logistical arrangements particularly transfer and allocation of funds should be flexible to allow it to fit smoothly with local funding arrangements. -We will have a problem of the administration (institution). -Need to get the template in soft copy. -This TOT training will help me to conduct my field training project. -Important since we can decide talking to participants from our country and mentors and decide on a possible project. -Not enough time to talk with coaches! -Could look at other issues (administrative) not only technical aspects. -Useful info, but needed to further explain the format and subject matter. -Coaches were very useful in clarifying things. -Thanks to the coaches for helping me clarify and organize my thoughts in a more productive manner.

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Field Trip Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree

I found the field trip locations interesting 15 8



Discussions were helpful and easy to understand 13 8 1

Other comments: -Good to be out of classroom but snorkeling and listening and discussing was difficult. Maybe have a time to sit and discuss together about what would be observed onshore with others is better. -It’s fun to explore new places! -The trip was really good and maybe more trips would be good. -Next time could collect data for learning purposes, ie. Benthic, fish and inverts. -Highlight of TOT. -Big, great day. Need to look for special place with more flowrish corals and fish. -Unfortunately not enough time to snorkel twice. -I learned a lot and it was very useful. -Excellent meals, particularly the fruit. -Discussions in the water during snorkeling were great, great input and questions from Rod and Ameer. --Second snorkel preferred but due to tidal condition, not possible. Would have been good to start earlier. Too much food made people lazy! -Have discussion session before/after lunch on what we saw while snorkeling. More detail on the area we snorkeled, ie. Map, with protected area zones, fishing zones, snorkeling zones, etc. -Have group leader in water first and everyone to follow to participate actively. -Fruit was wonderful! -Boat operators were very cooperative for leaving, on way back, snorkeling, etc. Organizers did wonderful job of planning field trip. -Unfortunately I was sick. -Hosts and the guides weren’t well prepared enough, and we might have missed more useful information, especially about the Kwale Island biophysical and socioeconomic aspects. -Long travel, less exploration. -Field trip better if packed with activities (not observation based but inference driven), eg. Participants divide into groups, observe reefs and identify different components that derive reef resilience. -I need more snorkeling to get a grip on the principles of resilience assessments.

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Resilient MPA Design Presentation and Discussion Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree





Other comments: -All presenters/mentors of the day very helpful! -Good experience. -Reduce what we learned online because this is more practical. -I love the booklet. -Good presentation—loved it. -Very interesting exercise. -Well delivered. -Habitat zonation exercise excellent. -Fisheries really good. -Loved the drawings on Ali’s presentation, attracted attention and can be used for low literary audience.

Activity: Resilient MPA Design Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree




My confidence to facilitate MPA design work with stakeholders was improved by this activity

11 11 1

Other comments: -Was very good and helpful. -Wonderful presentation—learned new things, needed more time for in depth explanation. -Very helpful. -Appreciated new ways of thinking. -By practicing a lot we have a direct view on how to do it. -Very good activity. -There should be a summary at the end of activity explaining the best option possible.

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Communicating with Stakeholders Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree




My confidence to facilitate was improved by this activity 13 10

Other comments: -Needed more time. -Good capacity building. -Best part of the workshop, very valuable. -I found out how to talk to stakeholders and convene their participation and approach. -I have learned new skills, more time needed. -Really wonderful experience! -I enjoyed it so much, I always deal with this at my job. -Good exercise. -Good tool but a bit confusing when the group was there.

Preparing for and Responding to Bleaching Events Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree

I found this section interesting 15 6 1




Other comments: -Challenges of inadequate financial resources and adoption of the response plan from senior management authority. -Great to get feedback on challenges we faced in our response plans. -Depends on more other variables such as resource person and funds. -Reduce what we learned online because this is more practical. -I really hoped specific feedback would be given to those who did the response plans by mentors. -Time is too short. We all have a lot to share as everyone has done good work and we all have similar problems. -Good work—loved it. -Well presented.

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Selecting the Best Alternative Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree





Other comments: -Very useful and best of the training. -Will see about confidence after the end of the workshop. -Very beneficial for communities and stakeholders. -Not very clear. -Wonderful lecture. I loved it. -Well done! -Need more practice in the field. -Will need practice before being confident.

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Facilitation Capstone Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree

I found this activity interesting 12 12 1




Other comments: -Practicing and sharing experience with colleagues and mentors was perfect. -It was a very good activity—more time can improve the outcome a lot. -Good confidence building exercise. -Wonderful activity! Thank you. -Was a bit confusing and not enough time. -Was very interesting. -Recommend to do more such activities throughout the workshop to increase confidence of facilitating and teaching. Reduce some theory part of facilitation during workshop and let participants read it beforehand (a day before) to be prepared. -Definitely a confidence booster! Learned how to deal with different characters, especially the highly, highly opinionated ones!! -Learned some important skills. -Will need more practice/expertise. -It helped me to evaluate my capacity for teaching or leading a group. -It is important for us participants to review all of what we did. Not enough time. -The time is too short to practice the exercises.

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Social Resilience Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree

I found this section interesting 10 13 1




Other comments: -More time needed. -Knowledge gained will assist me. -Thank you. Good job. Looking forward to implementing what I learned from the workshop in the area I work. -Was too brief. -Could have given more information and time. -Very broad overview—good idea to offer separate workshop only on social resilience! -The presentation was too short and I was really would like to put the topic into more context in my local area. I look forward to the materials online for this topic! -Was a bit short. -Need for some in depth information and details. More on social resilience has to be integrated into the course. I love how ecological resilience and social resilience are linked by David. -Shows the necessity to link the ecological approach and the social factors. -It is time that scientists focus on ecological and forget social aspect. This was very useful to be understood also. -It’s easy in the theoretical, but too difficult in practice. A lot of parameters should be involved and taken into account.

Communication and Presentation Skills Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree





Other comments: -This is a very important topic. Should have allocated more time. I wished we could finish the whole presentation. -Has given me more confidence with presentations. -Splendid job! -Nice, eg. with the song. -Very important and good tools to improve. -It was too basic—kind of like what most people already knew. Maybe delve into it a bit more next time? -Great style of presentation. -Updated the knowledge that I already have in terms of communicating and presenting things to people. The most important was the practice.

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-Helped to modify my previous ideas on project. -Have existing communication plan, so just some things (many things) are new.

Presentation of Training Plans Strongly Agree Agree Unsure Disagree

Strongly Disagree




My confidence to present was improved by this activity 12 13

Other comments: -Again, confidence improvements. -Very informative and interesting ideas. -Feedback from peers and asking questions that would be relevant to own plans was very useful. Glad we had more than one session to have feedback from peers. -Very important and an important part of this training. -More focus on presentation skill activities, also video taping and analysis would be great to improve own skills. -I think it made us realize what’s realistic and what’s not realistic when it comes to implementing the projects. -I learned a lot from group work and discussion to improve my project. -Was good to get feedback from others. Have a better idea of what I want to do and how to implement it. -The different ideas that I’ve already got from the participants and trainers gave me more and new ideas to improve my project. -Good structure by being in small groups as it was easy to get input. -Some things are confusing.

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Evaluating Training of Trainers Knowledge (n=24); X=left blank **22 participants indicated an increase in level of ability; 2 participants only recorded ability for 1 column; 0 participants indicated no change or a decrease in ability In the table below please rate your ability to the list of corresponding skills.

Skills Level of Ability (0-10)

0=Low, 10=High

Initial Ability Final Ability

Identify the impacts of climate change on reefs

4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 2, 4, 8, 8, 5, 0, 4, 8, 7, 3, 5, 5, 10, 7, 5, 6, 5, 6, X

9, 7, 8.5, 9, 7, 7, 8, 10, 10, 7, 8, 8, 10, 9, 7, 10, 10, 10, X, 8, 8, 10, 8, 8

Define Resilience 4, 8, 5, 4, 5, 7, 7, 9, 3, 7, 4, 2, 5, 3, 8, 6, 10, 9, 6, 6, 6, 8, X

9, 10, 9.5, 8, 7, 10, 10, 10, 10, 8, 10, 8, 10, 8, 8, 10, 9, 10, X, 9, 10, 9, 10

Explain the basics of bleaching 5, 8, 4, 6, 4, 3, 8, 8, 7, 4, 8, 5, 10, 7, 4, 8, 8, 10, 8, 8, 5, 6, 5, X

1, 10, 9, 9, 6, 7, 10, 10, 10, 8, 10, 8, 10, 9, 8, 10, 10, 10, X, 9, 8, 9, 10

Describe the role of herbivory in reef systems

3, 7, 8, 5, 2, 3, 3, 7, 8, 5, 10, 6, 8, 7, 2, 6, 8, 9, 10, 5, 4, 8, 6, X

8, 9, 10, 9, 8, 7, 8, 9, 9, 7, 10, 9, 10, 9, 8, 10, 10, 10, X, 9, 6, 9, 10

Describe the role of recruitment in reef systems

4, 6, 8, 4.5, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 6, 10, 6, 8, 7, 2, 6, 6, 10, 10, 7, 3, 6, 6, X

9, 8, 10, 8, 7, 7, 8, 9, 9, 8, 10, 9, 10, 8, 7, 10, 8, 10, X, 9, 7, 9, 10

Identify the biological and physical factors related to bleaching

5, 5, 5, 6, 5, 5, 5, 7, 9, 6, 3, 4, 8, 8, 3, 6, 6, 10, 8, 6, 4, 8, 7, X

9, 9, 9.5, 9.5, 8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 8, 8, 9, 10, 9, 7, 10, 9, 10, X, 8, 8, 9, 10

Identify types of resilient/resistant areas to include in MPA Design

4, 5, 7, 4, 5, 6, 4, 7, 8, 3, 3, 7, 2, 5, 3, 5, 3, 6, 8, 6, 4, 6, 6, X

9, 7, 9.5, 8.5, 6, 9, 7, 9, 9, 7, 7, 9, 10, 8, 8, 10, 8, 10, X, 8, 8, 8, 10

Understand management fundamentals and specific actions to consider

5, 5, 8, 3.5, 5, 6, 2, 7, 7, 4, 7, 4, 5, 4, 2, 6, 5, 5, 8, 6, 5, 6, 4, X

9, 7, 9.5, 7.5, 7, 9, 7, 10, 9, 7, 9, 8, 8, 7, 6, 10, 9, 8.5, X, 8, 10, 8, 9

Identify key communication tools to use

4, 8, 3, 4, 3, 5, 6, 5, 7, 5, 0, 4, 5, 3, 1, 10, 2, 4, 7, 6, 5, 6, 3, X

9, 9, 7, 8, 5, 10, 9, 8, 9, 7, 10, 8, 10, 7, 6, 10, 9, 10, X, 9, 10, 9, 10

Awareness and understanding of facilitation techniques

4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 2, 7, 4, 8, 6, 3, 5, 2, 3, 0, 10, 2, 3.5, 8, 2, 5, 6, 1, X

9, 6, 8, 7, 5, 7, 7, 7, 9, 8, 10, 8, 8, 7, 5, 10, 9, 10, X, 8, 10, 9, 10

Effectively planning stakeholder meetings

5, 5, 2, 6, 3, 5, 5, 6, 7, 5, 6, 6, 6, 3, 1, 10, 2, 2, 7, 8, 5, 6, 4, X

9, 6, 8, 9, 4, 9, 8, 9, 9, 7, 9, 8, 10, 7, 5, 10, 10, 10, X, 9, 10, 9, 9

Effectively facilitating stakeholder meetings

5, 6, 2, 6, 3, 7, 5, 6, 6, 4, 0, 6, 2, 3, 0, 10, 2, 2, 8, 5, 5, 6, 4, X

10, 7, 7.5, 9, 4, 10, 7, 9, 8, 8, 10, 8, 8, 7, 5, 10, 9, 7, X, 9, 10, 9, 8

Evaluating Training of Trainers Effectiveness (n=25)

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1. Overall, how likely are you to use the information from this training in your life or work? -Advanced knowledge of climate change consequences will be useful to my career. -Participate actively in MPA design next day and ensure that the principles of resilience have taken consideration. -Most likely since the contents of it are part of the regular official activities and interactions. -Improve my capacity (professionally) and extend my expertise. -More than 75% useful, and useful for me and disseminated to others in my work place and other contacts. -Through reviewing and reviewing the materials and make more serious plan with critics from colleagues I will then be able to use and improve. -High probability on using the info from the training. -Very likely, it’s information that adds value to my daily job. -Will definitely use in both. -I’m already using some of the tools, so definitely will use as much from what I have learned in the week at work! -Very likely! -Very high since I am directly involved in reef management. - Very likely. -I will use it. -Weekly. -Very or most likely. -I got more than what I expected, the part facilitating and communication skills is the most effective in my life and work, then the presentation about the resilience concept has increased my knowledge and last the exercise, energizer presentation, all add value to my experience and will help me in the future. -Definitely going to use all the information in work and life. -Applied and improving it. -In day to day life. -Too much. 2. Has your understanding of coral reef resilience (check one):

□ Increased--24 □ decreased □ remained the same

3. The information in this training was (check one):

□ all new □ mostly new--10 □ some new--14 □ no new information

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4. Please choose the 5 most useful and 5 least useful parts of the training: **Highlighted topics show more than half (n=24) chose this option

Comment: -There are no “least useful” as all were in their own way pertinent and applicable and enjoyable!

5. Check all that applied to the coaches:

□ Answered questions--23 □ Provided useful examples--22 □ Knowledgeable--23 □ Prepared--21 □ Other:________________________________

-committed -great professional advisors -flexible and ready to provide even other useful reference materials -encouraged audience -down to earth, easy to talk to -more time with coaches was needed -surpassed my expectation -always willing to help -well active, spread through the room, following the plan -had local experience

Topics Check 5 most

useful parts of the training

Check 5 least useful parts of the

training Training Context- Setting the Stage (Mystery Activity) 5 3 Planning and Facilitating Collaborative Meetings 13 4 Principles of Reef Resilience 13 3 Activity: Develop a Mutual Understanding 5 5 Climate Change: Key Issues for Coral Reefs 10 2 Interventions 7 7 Understanding Resilience Assessments 11 1 Managing for Reef Resilience 10 1 Trainer’s Project 9 1 Field Trip 9 4 Resilient MPA Design 6 1 Activity: Resilient MPA Design 10 3 Communicating with Stakeholders 17 1 Preparing for and Responding to Bleaching Events 7 1 Selecting the Best Alternative 4 7 Facilitation Capstone 7 6 Social Resilience 6 7 Communication and Presentation Skills 8 5 Presentation of Training Plans 7 5

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6. How many years of experience in marine management do you have? (check one) □ Less than 1 year--1 □ 1-5 years--7 □ 5-10 years--8 □ More than 10 years--6

7. Other comments or suggestions: -Formation of alliance for this group. -The next workshop if there is no money for covering some incidental costs you need to clarify so that the organization can prepare it for their staff. -How to follow up the “suite logique”. -All of the presentations needed for review; sharing a group example of projects (response plan and communication). -The agenda was too light regardless of facilitators/coaches being flexible. Since there were online modules and network through coaching it was not expected this week to be very intense! -Arranging of group dinner was not effective was of trainers interaction. This also made those coming out of Zanzibar to miss opportunity of exploring the island and tradition. -The subjects and topics covered during the online course should be short but concise to allow more discussions/questions/sharing. -Some mentors during online course didn’t give feedback on postings after the dates had passed. Online course is good as allows people to learn while working full time at the same time so mentors should try to give feedback and exchange even after the date since the trainees make the effort to post (even late). So more flexibility and understanding. -There is need for more time for this training if time allows for more and in-depth understanding. Besides need for one on one sessions with mentors for advice/guidance on project. -Group activities time quite limited, need to slightly increase group working time. -Knowledge sharing among participants is quite lacking. -Wonderful staff/managers—I really appreciate your effort to make this training successful; great mentors and coaches as well. -Some aspects of the training need more time allocation. -Assessment of resilience needs more field training. -Knowing that I have already done some of the activities that we have learned in the classroom has given me assurance and confidence that I have been on the right track and that I could make things much better! -I was expecting more activities on social resilience other than various outreach and communication strategies. -I think the workshop was well organized. The online training was useful and we learned a lot through the online course. Need to reduce what already learned in online course on workshop days we were stretched too much. Maybe could have given some time specifically in the evening free. Also one more field trip would have been good to show around the city. Facilitating skills were very useful and it was the highlight of the workshop. Thank you all for this informative and good training. -Was very intense but well spread out over the days with the field trip. All days were busy and intense as opposed to having one crazy busy day and other days more relaxed—schedules were tight and it worked well! -A most useful symposium with all the knowledge of the “trainers to be” and the very professional mentorship of the coaches. The entire symposium day by day was (for me) exactly at the right level (thank you, Terry Ferguson). -Follow up training/workshops to be same group of people is important. -Thank you, that was an excellent workshop we hope (cannot read word) it again.

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Appendix E: Workshop Summary from August 2013 Newsletter

Reef Resilience Program Updates

This June, 25 coral reef managers and scientists from Egypt, Maldives, Seychelles, India, Kenya,

Tanzania, South Africa, Madagascar, Mozambique and Somalia attended the 4th Reef Resilience

and Climate Change Training of Trainer’s Workshop in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Prior to the workshop,

participants completed a six month online course that included weekly discussions with experts.

Workshop sessions included presentations from regional specialists in resilient MPA design,

resilience assessments, facilitation skills and social resilience.

Many small group exercises were also conducted throughout the week where participants

presented on specific challenges they encounter in their work, and received feedback from other

group members with new ideas to address the challenge. At the end of the course, 100% of

participants agreed that their knowledge of resilience had increased. The next steps for the

participants is to lead a Trainer’s Project at their sites based on what they’ve learned, utilizing up to

$2000 in seed funding. We will report back on these projects as they are completed!

Download a copy of our 2013 Trainer's Guide.

http://cts.vresp.com/c/?TheNatureConservancy/aac94379e2/TEST/a73668aa8d

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Appendix F: Participant Blogs

In a rolling stone town

Posted by Vardhan Patankar on August 8, 2013 at 4:00am

Send Message View Blog

As soon as I stepped out of the Zanzibar Airport, I was greeted by “karibu”, (welcome in Swahili).

The friendly driver drove us to the Hotel Grand Palace, the venue of the 2013 Reef Resilience

workshop. Grand Palace is in the heart of the Stone Town with big wooden entrance gates that are

decorated by fine wooden sculptures, narrow stairways and spacious rooms.

We were 25 participants in all, most of us representing islands across the Indo-Pacific region. Each

day, the workshop commenced at eight in the morning and lasted till five in the evening, with one

lunch and two tea breaks. The days were packed with activities ranging from introducing the

concepts of resilience to teaching resilience, from facilitating to organizing techniques of a

workshop, with fillers of role-plays, energizers and a day-trip to the Fumba Community Reserve.

The style of teaching was very informal, yet very professional. The goal of the workshop was not to

complete the preordained activities, but to have fun while you learn!

http://reefresiliencenetwork.ning.com/profile/VardhanPatankar

http://reefresiliencenetwork.ning.com/profiles/message/newFromProfile?screenName=0gyxknr4ggghi&target=http%3A%2F%2Freefresiliencenetwork.ning.com%2Fprofiles%2Fblogs%2Fin-a-rolling-stone-town%3Fxg_source%3Dactivity

http://reefresiliencenetwork.ning.com/profiles/blog/list?user=0gyxknr4ggghi

http://api.ning.com/files/wD-b8tJJjO1Pq2URFnve*Rb2t7IW74kgalokYWdqiUvmoiVDoE1efOqyOq3fdVtC8VWLcaDQ3EOx5b32Cfyd2pqbyb6ggBmF/IMG_3482.JPG

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In the evenings we strolled around the city. It was quite an experience. The town is filled with

atmosphere of opulence. Most streets are too narrow for four wheels to pass, but for cyclists and

motorists it seemed like a paradise. All buildings have high ceiling rooms complete with roof beams

of Burmese teak. Magical alleyways, minarets and mansions, bell towers, latticed balconies and

breathtakingly magnificent carved doors are common site.

On the streets, old, bearded men wearing long white robes, passed by. Youngsters gathered in small

groups, perhaps discussed politics or sports. Cyclists and motorcyclists dodged narrow paths like a

professional soccer players. Children scampered across streets, and women draped in their flowing

black burqua (veil) walked hastily, perhaps on their way to the many little shops to purchase daily

provisions or accomplish their daily chores. In the little time that I spent in the city, I discovered

Mosques, Persian Hammamni Baths, Churches, Jain temples, small holes in the wall, tailor shops

and eateries.

http://api.ning.com/files/wD-b8tJJjO0Aneh-ndqbpUD8meoSu7c8HrIJTVfMMn7pnKwKxJryq938N5-ceZLbqs9rPof2QjHYSnNBp7208vd3DG27mKyS/181218_559671667409656_304420336_n.jpg

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The highlight of the workshop was the dinner at the rooftop restaurants with a great view and the

soft light of the sea, which allowed us to make long conversations with the workshop participants.

We had interesting discussion on various topics, ranging from politics, science and arts. We tried

varieties of local cuisine, from fish, chicken, and octopus to lobsters. With Zanzibar being a major

producer of spices, and due to Arabic and an Indian influence, the food was different than what I

imagined and for the most part delicious!

Wherever I travelled I was enthralled and visually stimulated with the photographic opportunities.

Later I learned that the stone town or “Mji Mkongwe” (meaning ‘ancient town’ in Swahili) is a

http://api.ning.com/files/wD-b8tJJjO2hS234uqZkMNQOYte9hjzhvwnCLOzc6rT0PsXtWioIoI6Kz31atlvryB-PlXrOFIIQf*50I1P9VVp-QnbYJD2w/IMG_1209.JPG

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world heritage site and the cultural capital of Zanzibar. With very little having changed over the last

200 years, the town is infused with Arab, Persian, Indian, European and African influences and is a

fine example of an East African coastal trading town with bustling bazaars, winding alleys and

grand Arab houses. The extravagance of the architecture can be seen in the fine detail of the brass

studded, carved wooden doors – with over five hundred fine examples scattered about the town.

At the workshop, I learned important aspects of reef resilience from erudite reef scientists and got a

glimpse of the city that offers a view of two parallel worlds—Tanzania when Arabs ruled, and the

everyday life in East Africa. After five days the resilience workshop came to an end. But, the

beaming smiles of friendly and supportive people at the workshop, the greetings of the locals and

the fond memories of the town, where stunning tropical beauty rubs right up against dilapidated

charming urban life, will always linger in my mind.

http://api.ning.com/files/wD-b8tJJjO3z5Ib9qqOmRuNAfEpmpd535emLxjUe7QIasnMlPNHg6*4B4-u7OHSyXQd6AAgjjkVz-rCTiYhspqJbs8e1Ec3L/1017203_560285454014944_1658093837_n.jpg

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BEYOND CONSERVATION

notes from the field

Building reef resilence: my experiences from Zanzibar

Posted on 26 July 2013 by Blue Ventures

by Rado Lebely Botosoamananto, Terrestrial & Fisheries Scientist, Madagascar

I was told the first time I travelled outside of Madagascar, that while this may be a first for me, it won’t be the last time I leave; and it must be true as in June I once again found myself abroad for an unforgettable few weeks in Zanzibar. Three months before, I enrolled on an online course about Climate change and Coral Reef Resilience with The Nature Conservancy (TNC). I was very excited about learning more about coral reefs, so I jumped at the chance to learn new things – and make as much as I could of the opportunity. A challenge that I didn’t take in consideration is the strength (or lack thereof) of the internet in BV’s field sites, and was worried that I was behind others on the course.

http://blog.blueventures.org/building-up-a-resilience-my-experiences-from-zanzibar/

http://blog.blueventures.org/author/bv/

http://www.reefresilience.org/Training_Online.html

http://www.nature.org/

http://blog.blueventures.org/

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Rado on the previous training course in Kenya (Photo credit David Curnick)

Last year when I went to Kenya with EDGE, I didn’t know anyone and was nervous about meeting the others attending the course. However, everyone was very friendly and I made some great new friends. On my way to Zanzibar I tried to find the three other Malagasy participants who should have been on the same plane as me. I already knew one of them, but the others were strangers who I had heard of through the conservation community. I never did manage to find them, either on the plane or in the airports in Nairobi or Antananarivo. However, as I had been to Kenya last year, I did meet my friends from last year’s workshop, friends I thought I might not see again. It was great to see them and reminisce about the good times we had in Kenya on the workshop.

http://blog.blueventures.org/media/2013/02/EDGE-Training-Course_Kenya_David-Curnick_2012-65.jpg

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The participants in Zanzibar split into groups (Photo credit: Cherie Wagner, The Nature Conservancy)

In the end it turned out that one of the other Malagasy participants recognised me on the plane, but was too shy to come and say hello. However, once we were in Zanzibar, everyone became friends and got to know each other. Having never really left Madagascar, it was strange to meet people from different places and cultures, but like in Kenya last year, it didn’t take long to meet everyone – especially considering some of them I already knew from the Kenyan workshop!

http://blog.blueventures.org/media/2013/07/DSCN0808-Lighter.jpg

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Rado talks about his project during the course (Photo credit: Cherie Wagner, The Nature Conservancy)

The workshop was two weeks long, with one week about new approaches to marine conservation including science theory, sociology, MPA Management and coral reef management. There were subjects and methods that I have used while working for BV, but some were completely new; for example, I had never learned how to facilitate a meeting. My favourite however was the field work, which was done in the local marine protected area (MPA). It was special as through the new things I learned, I could survey much better – using different evidence I could decide whether the reef was resilient or not. I usually tend to dive in sites that qualify as healthy with good coral cover, but now I realised that coral cover alone is not enough to decide whether a reef is healthy.

http://www.reefresilience.org/Training_of_Trainers.html

http://blog.blueventures.org/media/2013/07/IMG_4455.jpg

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The attendees of the course pose for a group photo – Rado is 5th from the left, on the top row (Photo credit: Cherie Wagner, The Nature Conservancy)

Gatherings of scientists and conservation practitioners are really important as you can share experiences, knowledge and problems with others – and apply that learning to the real world. TNC and the Reef Resilience Network also encourage the trainees to become the trainers, this way the problems of coral reef management can be shared on an international level – and I am happy to be a part of it.

http://blog.blueventures.org/media/2013/07/DSCN0647.jpg

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Reef Resilience and SOCMON

Posted by Vineeta Hoon on August 14, 2013 at 11:15pm

The reef resilience TOT workshop at Zanzibar

The Nature Conservancy organised a Reef Resilience TOT Workshop from 9-14th June this year at

Zanzibar. The workshop was very interesting and informative where both ecological and social

resilience indicators were discussed and we had to make a communication and bleaching response

plan for each of our sites. The workshop participants came from countries around the Indian ocean.

We learnt that Coral Bleaching and ocean acidification cause reef degradation which impacts the

social-ecological situation. Thee reefs ability to provide goods and services is reduced and this

impacts fisheries and tourism as fish catch is reduced and fewer tourists visit degraded reefs.

Degraded and dead reefs can no longer serve as a source for important medicinal resources (e.g.,

drugs to treat heart disease, cancer, and other illnesses). The loss of reefs may affect cultural values

and traditional uses of reefs and their associated resources. Such values and uses may be difficult to

quantify.

Resilient social-ecological systems incorporate diverse mechanisms for coping with change and

crisis. In social systems, governance and management frameworks can spread risk by diversifying

patterns of resource use and by encouraging alternate activities and lifestyles which can can help to

maintain valuable ecosystem services

During this training, we addressed the actions a manager can take to minimize the impacts of

bleaching events. as well as build resilience to a variety of other major stressors into the natural

systems they manage. Solutions involve both daily management activities and planning for change.

Potential management actions include daily management activities that reduce human stressors on

reefs as well as building resilience to climate change into the design of marine protected areas and

networks.

http://reefresiliencenetwork.ning.com/profile/VineetaHoon

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This means that supporting and maintaining resilience requires addressing all of the pervasive

threats to reefs including land-based sources of pollution, overfishing and climate change.

Uncertainty in the ways the climate will change and what this will mean for different reefs certainly

makes the situation for managers more challenging! However, it is possible to develop and

implement flexible and adaptive strategies to respond to climate-related and other disturbances that

impact coral reefs and the communities that depend on them.

Looking at the SocMon indicators that can be used for reef resilience I feel we should stress on

assessing how the management body is doing, assess positive and negative impacts of management

measures, wether the management body has incorporated the resilience indicators into their marine

park design and building stakeholder participation and appropriate education and awareness

programs.

(published in SOCMONITOR July 2013, issue 13)

reef resilience & responding to climate change …...2 background in june 2013 the fourth in a...

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