regents biology 2003-2004 lipids: regents biology lipids concentrated energy molecules
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Regents Biology 2003-2004
Lipids:
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Regents Biology
LipidsConcentrated energy molecules
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Regents Biology
Structure of Fatty Acid
Polar End Nonpolar chain
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Regents Biology 2003-2004
Lipids Examples
Fats- triglyclerideOils- triglyceridesWaxesphospholipidshormones
sex hormonestestosterone (male)
estrogen (female)
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Regents Biology 2003-2004
Lipids
Function: energy storage
very concentrated twice the energy as carbohydrates! Animals convert excess carbohydrates into fat
cell membrane cushions organs insulates body
think whale blubber!
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Regents Biology
Forming Fat
not a chain (polymer) = just a “big fat molecule”
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Regents Biology
Structure of Fat
not a chain (polymer) = just a “big fat molecule”
3 fatty acids
1 glycerol
Ester link
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Regents Biology
Saturated fats Most animal fats
solid at room temperature
Limit the amount in your diet contributes to
heart disease deposits in
arteries
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Regents Biology
Unsaturated fats Plant, vegetable & fish fats
liquid at room temperature the fat molecules
don’t stack tightlytogether
Better choice in your diet
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Regents Biology 2003-2004
Saturated vs. unsaturatedsaturated unsaturated
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Regents Biology
Hydrogenated Fats Industrial process Adds hydrogen atoms to the double bonds
in unsaturated triglyceride (liquid fats, ie. Canola oil)
Converts them to semi-solid fats (ie. Margarine or shortening)
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Regents Biology 2003-2004
Other lipids in biology Cholesterol
good molecule in cell membranes make hormones from it
including sex hormones but too much cholesterol in blood may
lead to heart disease
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Regents Biology 2003-2004
Other lipids in biology Cell membranes are made out of lipids
phospholipids heads are on the outside touching water
“like” water tails are on inside away from water
“scared” of water forms a barrier
between the cell & the outside