reimer 2012 journalism and the guttenplag-wiki
DESCRIPTION
Presentation on the GuttenPlag-Wiki, its contributors and their relationship as bearers of secondary performance roles in the journalism system to traditional journalists (primary performance roles) at HBI-/CCI-Workshop in Hamburg on July 26th, 2012.TRANSCRIPT
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The GuttenPlag-Wiki and Its Contributors
Julius Reimer, M.A. Hamburg, July 26th 2012
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Agenda
• The GuttenPlag-Wiki: A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
• The GuttenPlag-Activists, part 1: Results of a Spontaneous Online Survey
• The GuttenPlag-Activists, part 2: Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Karl Theodor (...) zu Guttenberg,
former German minister of defence (2009-2011)
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Karl Theodor (...) zu Guttenberg,
former German minister of defence (2009-2011)
zu Guttenberg (2009):
„Constitution and Constitutional Treaty: Constitutional Developments in
the US and EU“
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Karl Theodor (...) zu Guttenberg,
former German minister of defence (2009-2011)
zu Guttenberg (2009):
„Constitution and Constitutional Treaty: Constitutional Developments in
the US and EU“
???
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Prof. of law Andreas Fischer-Lescano finds first plagiarism in zu Guttenberg’s dissertation
GuttenPlag-wiki counts > 230,000 UV and ~ 2 mio. PI (Quantcast.com)
The GuttenPlag-crowd has identified ~180 plagiarisms on the 435 pages
(...) (...) (...) (...)
Univ. of Bayreuth takes away zu Guttenberg’s doctorate in law
zu Guttenberg resigns
“PlagDoc” and others start GuttenPlag-wiki
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Prof. of law Andreas Fischer-Lescano finds first plagiarism in zu Guttenberg’s dissertation
GuttenPlag-wiki counts > 230,000 UV and ~ 2 mio. PI (Quantcast.com)
The GuttenPlag-crowd has identified ~180 plagiarisms on the 435 pages
(...) (...) (...) (...)
Univ. of Bayreuth takes away zu Guttenberg’s doctorate in law
zu Guttenberg resigns
“PlagDoc” and others start GuttenPlag-wiki
![Page 8: Reimer 2012 Journalism and the GuttenPlag-Wiki](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042623/54c2f4ff4a7959896b8b4654/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Prof. of law Andreas Fischer-Lescano finds first plagiarism in zu Guttenberg’s dissertation
GuttenPlag-wiki counts > 230,000 UV and ~ 2 mio. PI (Quantcast.com)
The GuttenPlag-crowd has identified ~180 plagiarisms on the 435 pages
(...) (...) (...) (...)
Univ. of Bayreuth takes away zu Guttenberg’s doctorate in law
zu Guttenberg resigns
“PlagDoc” and others start GuttenPlag-wiki
![Page 9: Reimer 2012 Journalism and the GuttenPlag-Wiki](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042623/54c2f4ff4a7959896b8b4654/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Prof. of law Andreas Fischer-Lescano finds first plagiarism in zu Guttenberg’s dissertation
GuttenPlag-wiki counts > 230,000 UV and ~ 2 mio. PI (Quantcast.com)
The GuttenPlag-crowd has identified ~180 plagiarisms on the 435 pages
(...) (...) (...) (...)
Univ. of Bayreuth takes away zu Guttenberg’s doctorate in law
zu Guttenberg resigns
“PlagDoc” and others start GuttenPlag-wiki
![Page 10: Reimer 2012 Journalism and the GuttenPlag-Wiki](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042623/54c2f4ff4a7959896b8b4654/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Prof. of law Andreas Fischer-Lescano finds first plagiarism in zu Guttenberg’s dissertation
GuttenPlag-wiki counts > 230,000 UV and ~ 2 mio. PI (Quantcast.com)
The GuttenPlag-crowd has identified ~180 plagiarisms on the 435 pages
(...) (...) (...) (...)
Univ. of Bayreuth takes away zu Guttenberg’s doctorate in law
zu Guttenberg resigns
“PlagDoc” and others start GuttenPlag-wiki
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Prof. of law Andreas Fischer-Lescano finds first plagiarism in zu Guttenberg’s dissertation
The GuttenPlag-crowd has identified ~180 plagiarisms on the 435 pages
(...) (...) (...) (...)
Univ. of Bayreuth takes away zu Guttenberg’s doctorate in law
zu Guttenberg resigns
“PlagDoc” and others start GuttenPlag-wiki
GuttenPlag-wiki counts > 230,000 UV and ~ 2 mio. PI (Quantcast.com)
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Prof. of law Andreas Fischer-Lescano finds first plagiarism in zu Guttenberg’s dissertation
GuttenPlag-wiki counts > 230,000 UV and ~ 2 mio. PI (Quantcast.com)
(...) (...) (...) (...)
Univ. of Bayreuth takes away zu Guttenberg’s doctorate in law
zu Guttenberg resigns
“PlagDoc” and others start GuttenPlag-wiki
The GuttenPlag-crowd has identified ~180 plagiarisms on the 435 pages
![Page 13: Reimer 2012 Journalism and the GuttenPlag-Wiki](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042623/54c2f4ff4a7959896b8b4654/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Prof. of law Andreas Fischer-Lescano finds first plagiarism in zu Guttenberg’s dissertation
GuttenPlag-wiki counts > 230,000 UV and ~ 2 mio. PI (Quantcast.com)
The GuttenPlag-crowd has identified ~180 plagiarisms on the 435 pages
(...) (...) (...) (...)
zu Guttenberg resigns
“PlagDoc” and others start GuttenPlag-wiki
Univ. of Bayreuth takes away zu Guttenberg’s doctorate in law
![Page 14: Reimer 2012 Journalism and the GuttenPlag-Wiki](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042623/54c2f4ff4a7959896b8b4654/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
Prof. of law Andreas Fischer-Lescano finds first plagiarism in zu Guttenberg’s dissertation
GuttenPlag-wiki counts > 230,000 UV and ~ 2 mio. PI (Quantcast.com)
The GuttenPlag-crowd has identified ~180 plagiarisms on the 435 pages
(...) (...) (...) (...)
Univ. of Bayreuth takes away zu Guttenberg’s doctorate in law
zu Guttenberg resigns
“PlagDoc” and others start GuttenPlag-wiki
![Page 15: Reimer 2012 Journalism and the GuttenPlag-Wiki](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022042623/54c2f4ff4a7959896b8b4654/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
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A Social Web Phenomenon Fuelling a Scandal
“This develops a great power, a ‘wham’; we cannot keep up with this.”
(Interv. with Hauke Janssen (Der Spiegel), Mar 3rd 2011; transl.: JR)
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Results of a Spontaneous Online Survey
Key results
• Questionnaire online for 48h (Feb 20th-22nd, 2011) • 1,034 respondents • Average age of respondents: 38.1 yrs. • Only 17.6 % female • “Educated swarm”: 63.6 % have university degree • 18.8 % even have a doctor’s degree • Core group of 143 active users (15.3 %) who searched for
plagiarisms, classified them and organised work
(735≤n≤932)
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Results of a Spontaneous Online Survey
Motivations
• 62.1 %: Concern about the reputation of (German) science and the “worth” of a PhD title
• 45.8 %: Aversion to zu Guttenberg himself or his reaction to the accusations
(n=227)
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Results of a Spontaneous Online Survey
Political orientation
Active “core group”: 121≤n≤123 Passive recipients: 659≤n≤672
(Source: Ruppert/Reimer 2011: 78)
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Results of a Spontaneous Online Survey
Attention
• “How did you hear about the wiki?”
(n=849)
26,3%
31,9% 13,4%
18,8% 9,6%
via traditional mass media via a traditional mass medium's website via "new media", e.g. blog, social network via mail, phone, face-to-face etc. no comment
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Results of a Spontaneous Online Survey
Attention economics
• Traditional journalism played an important role:
1. Founders of the wiki heard about the plagiarism accusations via traditional mass media.
2. Most of the other wiki-users heard about the platform via traditional mass media.
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Audience roles: Receiving the system‘s performance
(Primary) performance roles: Effecting the system’s performance
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
SPRs imitate PPRs‘ practices. (Cf. Stichweh 2005: 37; Burzan et al. 2005, 2008; Volkmann 2010)
Audience roles: Receiving the system‘s performance
(Primary) performance roles: Effecting the system’s performance
“Secondary performance roles are a kind of
activist alternative to a mere audience status.”
(Stichweh 2005: 35; transl.: JR)
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
57.3%
35.7%
79.7%
0% 50% 100%
Search for plagiarisms
Classify plagiarisms
Comment on posts
GuttenPlag Journalism
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
57.3%
35.7%
79.7%
0% 50% 100%
Research, fact-checking
Search for plagiarisms
Classify plagiarisms
Comment on posts
GuttenPlag Journalism
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
57.3%
35.7%
79.7%
0% 50% 100%
Research, fact-checking
Aggregation, Classification, Orientation
Search for plagiarisms
Classify plagiarisms
Comment on posts
GuttenPlag Journalism
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
57.3%
35.7%
79.7%
0% 50% 100%
Research, fact-checking
Aggregation, Classification, Orientation
Commenting, Interpretations
Search for plagiarisms
Classify plagiarisms
Comment on posts
= journalistic selection- and presentation-programmes (cf. Blöbaum 1994, 2000)
GuttenPlag Journalism
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Processing journalistic
programmes
yes
no
Secondary performance
role
Audience role
Primary performance
role
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Identity indicators of journalism (Neuberger 2009: 62)
Journalism GuttenPlag Topicality Autonomy Publicity Wide range of topics Periodicity
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Identity indicators of journalism (Neuberger 2009: 62)
Journalism GuttenPlag Topicality ✔ Autonomy Publicity Wide range of topics Periodicity
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Identity indicators of journalism (Neuberger 2009: 62)
Journalism GuttenPlag Topicality ✔ Autonomy ✔ Publicity Wide range of topics Periodicity
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Identity indicators of journalism (Neuberger 2009: 62)
Journalism GuttenPlag Topicality ✔ Autonomy ✔ Publicity ✔ Wide range of topics Periodicity
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Identity indicators of journalism (Neuberger 2009: 62)
Journalism GuttenPlag Topicality ✔ Autonomy ✔ Publicity ✔ Wide range of topics – Periodicity
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Identity indicators of journalism (Neuberger 2009: 62)
Journalism GuttenPlag Topicality ✔ Autonomy ✔ Publicity ✔ Wide range of topics – Periodicity –
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Identity indicators of journalism (Neuberger 2009: 62)
Journalism GuttenPlag Topicality ✔ Autonomy ✔ Publicity ✔ Wide range of topics – Periodicity –
Periodicity and a wide range of topics can only be achieved within the framework of a journalistic organisation.
(Cf. also Luhmann 2005)
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
no yes
Member of a journalistic
organisation
Processing journalistic
programmes
yes
no
Secondary performance
role
Audience role
Primary performance
role
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
no yes
Member of a journalistic
organisation
Processing journalistic
programmes
yes
no
Secondary performance
role
Audience role
Primary performance
role
Journalist-recipient
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Organisation(performance
roles)
Bearer of audience roles
Bearer of performance roles
Environment (audience roles)
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Secondary Performance Roles in Journalism
Organisation (performance
roles)
Secondary performance
roles Bearer of audience roles
Bearer of performance roles
Environment (audience roles)
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Reimer, J./Ruppert, M. (forthcoming): GuttenPlag-Wiki und Journalismus: das Verhältnis eines neuen Medienakteurs im Social Web zu den traditionellen Massenmedien [GuttenPlag-Wiki and Journalism: the Relationship of a New Media Actor in the Social Web to Traditional Mass Media]. In: Dolata, U./Schrape, J.-F. (Eds.): Das Internet und der Wandel von Medienwelten [The Internet and the Change of Media Worlds]. Berlin: Edition Sigma
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References • Blöbaum, B. 1994: Journalismus als soziales System. Geschichte, Ausdifferenzierung und
Verselbständigung. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag
• Blöbaum, B. 2000: Organisationen, Programme und Rollen. Die Struktur des Journalismus. In: Löffelholz, M. (Ed.): Theorien des Journalismus. Ein diskursives Handbuch. Wiesbaden: Westdeutscher Verlag, S. 169–183
• Burzan, N./Lökenhoff, B. /Schimank, U. /Schöneck, N. M. 2005: Inklusionsprofile. Eine differenzierungstheoretische Sozialstrukturanalyse Deutschlands. Hagen: FernUniversität Hagen
• Burzan, N./Lökenhoff, B./Schimank, U./Schöneck, N. M. 2008: Das Publikum der Gesellschaft. Inklusionsverhältnisse und Inklusionsprofile in Deutschland. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag
• Luhmann, N. 2005: Interaktion, Organisation, Gesellschaft. Anwendungen der Systemtheorie. In: Ders.: Soziologische Aufklärung 2. Aufsätze zur Theorie der Gesellschaft. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag, S. 9–24
• Neuberger, C. 2009: Internet, Journalismus und Öffentlichkeit. Analyse des Medienumbruchs. In: Neuberger, C./Nuernbergk, C./Rischke, M. (Eds.): Journalismus im Internet. Profession – Partizipation – Technisierung. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag, S. 19–105
• Ruppert, M./Reimer, J. 2011: Im Schwarm. In: Journalist, Jg. 62, H. 4, S. 76–80
• Stichweh, R. 2005: Inklusion und Exklusion. Studien zur Gesellschaftstheorie. Bielefeld: Transcript
• Volkmann, U. 2010: Sekundäre Leistungsrolle. Eine differenzierungstheoretische Einordnung des Prosumenten am Beispiel des ‚Leser-Reporters‘. In: Blättel-Mink, B./Hellmann, K. (Eds.): Prosumer Revisited. Zur Aktualität einer Debatte. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag, S. 206–220
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Thank you for your attention.
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Thank you for your attention.
Picture credits • Plagiarism barcode: URL: http://de.guttenplag.wikia.com/ (accessed Jul 25th 2011; screenshot: JR)
• Photo of zu Guttenberg: Peter Weis, URL: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Karl-Theodor_Freiherr_von_und_zu_Guttenberg.jpg (accessed Jul 25th 2011)
• Dissertation cover: URL: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Cover_KT_Diss_Print.png (accessed Jul 25th 2011)
• Article on Sueddeutsch.de: URL: http://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/plagiatsvorwurf-gegen-verteidigungsminister-guttenberg-soll-bei-doktorarbeit-abgeschrieben-haben-1.1060774 (accessed Jul 25th 2011; screenshot: JR)
• Plagiarism in the opening of the dissertation: URL: http://de.guttenplag.wikia.com/wiki/Seite_015 (accessed Jul 25th 2011; screenshot: JR)
• Figure “Political orientation”: Ruppert/Reimer 2011: 78
Other sources
• Interview with Hauke Janssen (Der Spiegel), Mar 3rd, 2011
• Quantcast.com
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Thank you for your attention.
Julius Reimer, M.A.
Hans-Bredow-Institut Warburgstraße 8-10
20354 Hamburg [email protected]
@jpub20team @julius_reimer