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RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–OpeningTheClass©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair A-1

• Printname

• SocialSecurity/SocialInsurance/IRDNumber

• Signform

• PrintnameoncheckorCoupon

ClassAttendanceAndPaymentForm

®

USA•3701AlgonquinRoad,Suite400•RollingMeadows,Illinois60008-3118•1-800-ICAR-USA•Fax1-800-590-1215

CANADA•10MilnerBusinessCourt,Suite404•Scarborough,OntarioM1B3C6•1-800-565-ICAR•Fax1-800-831-3034

NEWZEALAND•P.O.9208•Hamilton2015•07-849-0159•Fax07-849-4803

ClassAttendanceandPaymentForm

INSTRUCTORINFORMATION

Instructor1

SSN/SIN/IRD

Address

City State/Prov.Zip/PostalCode

Paysplitpercentage

Instructor2

SSN/SIN/IRD

Address

City State/Prov.Zip/PostalCode

Paysplitpercentage

CLASSINFORMATION

SEEBACKOFFORMFORPAYMENTINFORMATION

AttentionAdministrator:CompleteALLtheClassInformationSectionpriortothebeginingofeachClass.AtcompletionofClass,Instructorsshouldtakepaperwork,checkaccuracy,andmailittoI-CARoncompletionofclass.Instructorpaymentsmaybeaffectedfromincompletepaperwork.

DIRECTIONSONBACKOFFORM.

Part#3000411/97

Course Committee

Administrator Telephone

ClassLocation

Address

City State/Prov. Zip/PostalCode

15

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Unit1Date:/

Unit2Date:/

Unit3Date:/

Unit4Date:/

Unit5Date:/

Unit6Date:/

Unit7Date:/

Unit8Date:/EmployerName

PLEASEPRINTSSN/SIN/IRDStudentName

PLEASEPRINTStudentSignature

DONOTLISTNON-PAYINGSTUDENTSONTHISFORM

WHITE-I-CAR YELLOW-COMMITTEE PINK-REGIONALMANAGER/NATIONALMANAGER


StudentRegistrationForm

• Name

• SSN/SIN/IRD/I-CARID#

• Address

• Telephonenumber

• NameasitistobeprintedontheCertificate

• Companyinformation

USA•3701AlgonquinRoad,Suite400•RollingMeadows,Illinois60008-3118•1-800-ICAR-USA•Fax1-800-590-1215CANADA•10MilnerBusinessCourt•Scarborough,OntarioM1B3C6•1-800-565-ICAR•Fax1-800-831-3034NEWZEALAND•P.O.9208•Hamilton2015•07-849-0159•Fax07-849-4803

StudentRegistrationForm

AttentionStudent:Accuracyandtimelinessofyourcertificates,GoldClassandStudentHistorydependsonlegibilityandaccuracyofthisform.

PleasePrint

Filloutthisformif:

ThisismyfirstI-CARcourseInformationhaschangedsinceyourlastI-CARcourse

PersonalInformation Sendmycertificateto: EmployerAddress HomeAddress

FirstName M.I.LastName

StreetAddress P.O.Box

City St/Prov Zip/PostalCode

AreaCodeTelephone AreaCodeFax

SSN/SIN/IRDMUSTBEFILLEDIN PRINTnameasyouwantitonCertificate

CompanyInformation

CompanyName

StreetAddress P.O.Box

City St/Prov Zip/PostalCode

AreaCodeTelephone AreaCodeFax

OccupationInformation ThisinformationisrequiredtoprocessGoldClassApplicationsandtoserveyourneedsbetter

BusinessType: Occupation:(Checkonlyone)CollisionIndependentCollisionCarDealerIndependentAppraiserInsuranceMechanicalGlassSupplier/JobberSchoolRecyclerOther:

CollisionTechnicianRefinishTechnicianCombinationTechnicianElectrical/MechanicalTechnicianAlignment/SuspensionTechnicianShopEstimator/SalespersonIndependentAppraiser/Adjuster/EstimatorPartsManagerProductionManager/ForemanShopOwner/Manager

StaffAdjuster/Appraiser/EstimatorInsuranceManager/SupervisorClaimsManagerReinspectorRecyclerSecondaryInstructorPostSecondaryInstructorStudentOther:

Part#3000511/97

StudentSignature

WHITE-I-CAR YELLOW-COMMITTEE PINK-REGIONALMANAGER/NATIONALMANAGER


IntroductionsAndHousekeeping

• Introductions

• Emergencyexitsandfireextinguishers

• Restrooms

• Refreshments

• Smokingareas

• Breaks

• Classtimes


• Post-Testprocedures

• Certificateprocedures

• Studentprogramdiscs

• Classschedules

• I-CARIDProgram

• GoldClass

IntroductionsAndHousekeeping(cont’d)

RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–OpeningTheClass©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair B-1

Thelearningobjectivesforthismoduleinclude:

• explainingobligationstothecustomer.

• understandingthetypesofliabilitiesinvolvedinvehiclerepairs.

LearningObjectives


ObligationsToCustomer

Performrepairsusing:

• recommendedortestedprocedures.

• qualityreplacementpartsandmaterials.

• writtenandagreeduponrepairprocesses.


ReduceLiability

• Performrepairsthoroughly,correctly,andaslistedindamagereport

• Documentrepairs

• Followproperprocedures


Protectyourselfby:

• usingrecommendedortestedprocedures,andqualityreplacementpartsandmaterials.

• keepingthoroughrecords.

LiabilityExposure


RecordKeeping

Notes

Statements

Invoice

To

tal

• Legiblenotes

• Verifyrepairs

• Signedwaiver

• Computer,scantool,orOEMprintouts

• Keepreceiptsforsubletwork


Topicsthatcreateaconflictwithanti-trustlawsorcombinesactwillnotbediscussed.

Video:TopicsOffLimits

RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–Module1©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair A-1

LearningObjectives

Learningobjectivesforthismoduleinclude:

• definingcolorandhowlightaffectscolor.

• definingandtestingcolorvisiondeficiency.

• definingmetamerismandhowtopreventmetamerism.

• describingwhataspectrophotometerisusedfor.


• Qualityoflightasperceivedbytheeye

• Affectedbythelightsource

• Affectedbyperson’sabilitytoseecolors

DefinitionOfColor


White Light

• Whitelightismixtureoflightwavelengths

• Prismbreakswhitelightintocolorspectrum

• Colorsalwaysinsameorder

– ROYG.BIV

TheCompositionOfLight


• Lightonanobjectabsorbsandreflectswavelengths

• Reflectedweseeascolor

• Paintcolordependson:

– pigments.

– lightsource.

HowLightAffectsColor


SunlightIsStandard

• Entirevisiblelightspectrum

• Standardforcomparingotherlightsources

• Usedforcolorevaluations

– ifnotavailable,usedaylight-corrected


Metamerism

• Thecolormatchesunderonlyonelightsource

• Incandescenthasmoreyellows,oranges,reds

• Fluorescenthasmoreviolets,reds

Sunlight

Blue

Fluorescent Light

More Violet

Blue Panel Blue Panel


PreventingMetamerism

• Tintbasesonlywithinformula

• DoNOTuseanotherrefinishmaterial

• Onlynaturallighting

• DoNOTmixbyhandoreye

RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–Module1©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair B-1

ColorVisionDeficiency

• Red-yellows,blue-greens,yellow-greens,blue-reds

• Hereditaryorcausedbyage

• Morecommoninmenthanwomen

• Maybemildorsevere


ColorVisionDeficiency(cont’d)

• Nicotine,alcohol,caffeine

• Someprescriptiondrugs

• Generalhealth

• Colorfatigue

• Carbonmonoxideintake

RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–Module1©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair C-1

VehicleIsTheStandard

• Colorofvehiclebeingrefinishedmustbematched

• OEMcolorstandardsgiventopaintmakers


• DifferencesfromtheOEMcolorstandards

• Frequentvariancesbecomeaformula

• Books

• Decks

• Strips

ColorVariancePrograms


Thisvideoshowshowacolorvarianceprogramworks.

Video:ColorVariancePrograms


• Tintedortintable

• Canaffectcolormatch

• Improvespoorhidingofsomebasecoats

• Followrecommendations

ColoredUndercoats


Video:Spectrophotometers

Aspectrophotometerishelpfulwhenapaintcodedoesnotmatchthevehiclecolor.Thisvideoshowshowtousethisinstrument.

RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–Module1©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair D-1

Whichofthesebestdescribeswhyweseeapanelasred?

A. Thelightsourcecontainsmoreredwavelengthsthananyothercolor.

B. Thelightsourcecontainseverywavelengthexceptred.

C. Thepigmentsinthepanelreflectallbuttheredwavelength,whichisabsorbed.

D. Thepigmentsinthepanelabsorballbuttheredwavelength,whichisreflected.

Review#1


Review#2

TechnicianAsaysthatcolorvarianceprogramsarenecessarybecauseofcolordifferencesthatoccuronautomotiveassemblyproductionlines.

TechnicianBsaysthatacollisionrepairfacilitycanhaveitsowncolorvarianceprogrambasedonpreviousrepairs.

Whoisright?

A. Aonly

B. Bonly

C. BothAandB

D. NeitherAnorB


Whichofthesebestdescribesmetamerism?

A. Differentlightsourcescausingapainttoappeartochangecolors

B. Shiftingpigmentscausingthepainttoappeartochangecolors

C. Notbeingabletodistinguishbetweenredandblueduetoacolorvisiondeficiency

D. Apanelshowingadifferentcolorwhenviewedfromasteepangle

Review#3

RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–Module1©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair E-1

Topicsdiscussedinthismoduleincluded:

• colorandhowlightaffectscolor.

• metamerismandhowtopreventmetamerism.

Conclusion

Sunlight

Blue

Fluorescent Light

More Violet

Blue Panel Blue Panel



• colorvisiondeficiency.

• spectrophotometers.

Conclusion(cont’d)



• workingwithmetallicandmicafinishes.

• definingprism-effectfinishes.

• makingandevaluatingtestpanelsformetallicsandmicas.

LearningObjectives


• Finelygroundmetal,usuallyaluminum

• Appearancechange

– differentdepthsandangles

– sizeandcharacter

– concentration

MetallicFlakes

Light

Metallic

Flakes


• Roundlensshape

• Strongerthanstandardflakes

– nobreakup

– brighter,cleanerfinish

– fewervariants

• Refinishwiththesametype

RoundAluminumFlakes

Round

Standard


• Changehead-ontosideangle

• Metallicsormicas

• Light/darkorcolor

• Intendedornot

• Impropertechnique

Flop


FlopDistance

• Longerthanhead-onview

• Moremetallics

– canchangebrightness

• Moremicapigments

– canchangecolororbrightness


Video:CheckingFlop

Startthevideotoseeanexampleofhowtoconsidertheflopanglewhencomparingavariancedeckchiporatestpaneltothevehiclecolor.


ConsiderFlop

• Maketestpaneltoidentifyflopbeforesprayingvehicle

– ifnomatch,doNOTblend

• Changetechnique

• Considertinting

• Flopcontrolagentsmaybeincludedinformula


MicaPigments

• Minedmineral,coated

• Basecoats,midcoats

• Lightpassingthroughisbackground

• Reflectedlightishighlight

• Colorschangebasedonview

Light Reflects

Passes Through

Titanium DioxideTitanium Dioxide

Mica Flake

Titanium DioxideTitanium Dioxide


WhiteMicaPigments

• Whitehead-on

• Silveryonflop

• Withmetallics,reducemetalliceffecthead-on

• Whenalone,brightencolorhead-on,darkenflop


Special-EffectMicaPigments

• Multi-stagefinishes

• Lightenordarkenonflop,dependingoncolor

• DoNOTrequiretinting

– basecoatprovidescolor


• Sprayonwhitepanel

– lookfromseveralangles

– requiresunlight

– saveforfuture

• Studynewmicatints

DeterminingMicaEffect


• Manufactured

• Layersofreflectingandsemi-transparentmetals

• Appliedlikeabasecoat

– flakeorientationnoaffect

• Easilyblended

Prism-EffectFlake

Normal

Color

Near-Normal

Color

Flop Color

Light Sources

Glass-Like

Layer

Glass-Like

Layer

Semi-Transparent

Absorber Metal

Semi-Transparent

Absorber Metal

Reflector Metal


• Evaluatesmulti-stagefinishes

• Determinesnumberofcoatsofmidcoatforcolormatch

• Applybasecoat,midcoatsortintedclearcoat,clearcoat

Let-DownPanel


Thisvideoshowshowtomakealet-downpanelforevaluatingamulti-stagefinish.

Video:MakingALet-DownPanel


• Forbasecoatswithmica

• Doneinthirds

• Showshowmuchbasecoatprovidesbestmatch

• Showshowfilmthicknessaffectshead-onandflop

Color-EffectPanel


MakingAColor-EffectPanel

1. Applyprimer.

2. Mask2/3andapplybasecoat.

3. Unmask1/3andapplybasecoat.

4. Unmaskall.Apply2coatsbasecoat.

5. Applyclearcoat.

4 Coats Of

Basecoat

3 Coats Of

Basecoat

2 Coats Of

Basecoat

Prime/Clearcoat

Entire Panel


AllofthesemayaffecttheappearanceofametallicflakeinametalliccolorEXCEPTtheflake’s:

A. size.

B. shape.

C. depthinthepaintfilm.

D. color.

Review#1


TechnicianAsaysthatafirststepstrategyforcorrectingunwantedflopwouldbetotintthecolor.

TechnicianBsaysthatafirststepstrategyforcorrectingunwantedflopwouldbetoadjustyoursprayingtechnique.

Whoisright?

A. Aonly

B. Bonly

C. BothAandB

D. NeitherAnorB

Review#2

RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–Module2©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair F-1


• metallicandmicafinishes.

• prism-effectfinishes.

• panelsformetallicsandmicas.

Conclusion

Normal

Color

Near-Normal

Color

Flop Color

Light

Sources

Semi-Transparent

Absorber MetalGlass-Like

Layer

Glass-Like

LayerSemi-Transparent

Absorber Metal

Reflector Metal

Light

Metallic

Flakes



• definingmaterialsandmethodsusedforrefinishingplastics.

• blendingtechniquesandmethods.

• definingtopcoatadditivesandmaterials.

• definingandcorrectingapplicationproblems.

LearningObjectives


• Plasticcleaner

• Mayrequire:

– flexadditive.

– adhesionpromoter.

– specialsealer.

MaterialsForPlastics


• Holdingjigforpositioningoff-vehiclepartinsameorientationasonvehicle

• Groundingvehicleorpart

• Heatingpartorvehicletoeliminatemoldreleaseagents

PossibleRequirementsForPlastics


Thisvideoshowsmethodsforrefinishingplastics.

Video:RefinishingPlastics


• Mostrefinishrepairs

• Trickseyeintoseeingonecolor

• Someoforiginalfinishshowsthrough

• Helpsdisguiseslightcolordifferences

BlendingTheory

3rd

Coat

2nd Coat

1st Coat

3rd

Coat

2nd Coat

1st Coat


• Willnothideseverecolormismatch

• Nosubstitutefortinting

• Smallanareaaspossible

LimitationsOfBlending


• Appliedbefore,after,orwithcolorcoat

• Causesdryedgetoflowoutormeltintofinish

• Maycontainclearcoatandbasecoat

BlendingSolvents


Video:ApplyingABlendingSolvent

Startthevideotoseehowablendingsolventisappliedtotheblendedge.


• Keepscolorblendingareasmall

• Reversemaskingonbodylines

• Dependsonvehicledesign

• Alltypesoffinishes

• Onlydonewithbasecoat

ZoneBlending


• ContainUVinhibitors

• Usuallypolyurethaneenamel

• Givebasecoatdeeperlook

• Naturalgloss

• Varyinhardness

Clearcoats


• Appliedoverprimer,primer-surfacer,orprevioustopcoat

– justbeforecolororbasecoat

• Protectsprimerfromtopcoatsolvents

• Providesadhesionfortopcoat

Sealer

Panel With Previous Finish Panel With Previous Finish

Refinish Topcoats Refinish Topcoats

SealerSealer

Primer

New Or Recycled Panel

Refinish Topcoats Refinish Topcoats

New Or Recycled Panel

Primer


• Alsocalledprimer-sealer

• Notsanded

• Notdesignedforbaremetalbutwillprotectminorcut-throughs

• Maybetintedortintableforbetterhiding

Sealer(cont’d)


• Dryingaccelerators

• Dryingretarders

• Flatteningagents

• Addonlywhenrecommended

TopcoatAdditives


Chip-Resistant Coating

Chip-ResistantCoatings

• Leadingedgesandbottomofrockerpanels

• Originallybeneathtopcoat

• Refinishmaybeontopcoat

• Testpanelformatchingtexture


TypesOfApplicationProblems

• Improperpreparation

• Contamination

• Sprayequipment

• Dryingandcuring


InconsistentOrangePeelCauses

• Spraygunadjustment

• Airpressure

• Toohotorcold

• Improperflash,purge,ordry

• Reducer

• Mixingproblem


• Propersprayguntechnique

• Avoidextremetemperatures

• Properreduction

• Mixthoroughly

Correctbysandingandbuffingorrefinish.

PreventingInconsistentOrangePeel


• Impropercleaningortacking

• Dirtinworkarea,spraygun,refinish,ontechnician

• Staticchargeonvehicle

• Dirtyfilters

CausesOfDirtInTheFinish


PreventingDirtInTheFinish

• Thoroughlycleanarea

• Troubleshootsource

• Blowoffmoldings,seams

• Tackbetweencoatings

• Uselint-freestrainer


Fisheyes

• Siliconecontamination

Checkfor:

• pattern

• oilinairlines

• air

• skin

• intakefilters

• propercleaning


CausesOfRunsOrSags

• Sprayguntooclose

• Improperreduction

• Tooshortflashtime

• Improperspraygunsetup

• Toocold


PreventingRunsOrSags

• Sprayboothtemperaturecorrect

• Propertechnique

• Propersetup

• Surfacetemperature

• Storematerialsproperly


LowGloss

• Flashtimeignored

• Tooheavymistcoats

• Poormixing

• Tocorrect,polishorsandandrefinish

Natural Gloss

Low Gloss


DrySprayCauses

• Reducertoofast

• Sprayingtoofast

• Airpressuretoohigh

• Sprayguntoofarfromsurface

• Wrongspraygunsettings


PoorHidingCauses

• Improperstirring

• Unevenspraying


• Improperlighting

• Toomuchreducer


CausesOfCorrosionUnderTheFinish

• Impropermetalpreparation

• Brokenpaintfilm

• Waterincompressedairsupply


PreventingCorrosionUnderTheFinish

• Treatbaremetal

• Repairchipsquickly

• Cleanbeforerefinishing

• Wipeoffwaterandsandingresidue

• Inspectfilters


TapeTracking

• Tapeleftonfreshpaintfilm

• Insufficientdryingtimeortemperaturetosetuptopcoat

• Preventbyremovingmaskingwhendry


• Cleansurface

• Drainoil/waterseparator

• Usepropergradereducer

• Properfilmthicknessanddryandflashtimes

PreventingBlistering


• Incompatiblematerials

• Pooradhesion

• Tooshortflashordrytime

• Toolongflashtime

• Tooheavyapplication

Wrinkling


SolventPoppingCauses

• Surfacepreparation

• Aircontamination

• Thicklayers

• Flashtime

• Spraypressure

• Hardener/reducer


SolventPoppingPrevention

• Properspraytechniquesandsetup

• Properflashtimes

• Maintainequipment

• Cleanthoroughly

• Useproperhardenerandreducer


SandscratchSwelling

• Improperpreparation

• Sandingtooaggressively

• Wronggradereducer

• Tooshortprimer-surfacerdrytime

• Undercoatstooheavy


Die-Back

• Dullfinish

• Wrongreducer

• Cooldrying

• Improperdryingairflow

• Toomuchfilmbuild


Die-Back(cont’d)

• Buffingtooearly


• Preventbyfollowingproperprocedures


Peeling

• Improperfilmbuild

• Poorprep

• Maskingonrefinish

• Wrongreducer

• Notsealed

• Incompatiblematerials


PoorHardening

• Toocoldduringsprayingordrying

• Basecoattooheavy

• Pooraircirculation

Correctbydryingagain,orstripandrefinish


Ablendingprocedure:

A. ensurescompletehidingoftheoriginalfinish.

B. trickstheeyeintoseeingonecolor.

C. hidesseverecolormismatches.

D. isarefinishtechnician’soptiontotinting.

Review#1


TechnicianAsaysthatignoringflashtimescancausepoorhiding.

TechnicianBsaysthatignoringflashtimescancausesolventpopping.

Whoisright?

A. Aonly

B. Bonly

C. BothAandB

D. NeitherAnorB

Review#2


Sealers:

A. maybeavailableindifferenttints.

B. aresandedtosmoothoutminordefects.

C. areonlyappliedoverprimer-surfacer.

D. areappliedjustbeforepriming.

Review#3

RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–Module3©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair G-1


• materialsandmethodsusedforrefinishingplastics.

• blendingtechniquesandmethods.

Conclusion

RefinishingProgram3v.4.1–Module3©2002Inter-IndustryConferenceOnAutoCollisionRepair G-2


• topcoatadditivesandmaterials.

• definingandcorrectingapplicationproblems.




• mixingandapplyingasingle-stagecolor.

• mixingandapplyingabasecoat/clearcoatrefinish.

• mixingandapplyingamulti-stagerefinish.

LearningObjectives


• Addcolorasrequiredtotint,ifrequired

• Properlysetupspraygun

• Pourintospraygunpaintcup

MixSealer


• Applyoneortwocoats

• Allowtoflashbetweencoats

• Allowtodrybeforeapplyingcolor

ApplySealer


• Mixcolor,hardener,reducer



• Adjustspraygunandtestspraypattern

MixColor


ApplyColor

• Maketestpanelandcomparetovehicle

• Mediumcoatstocoverage

• Alloweachcoattoflash

• Tackbeforeandbetweencoats

• Clearcoatoption


DryAndCleanUp

• Air-orforce-dry

• Properlydisposeoforrecycleremainingmaterial

• Cleanspraygun


Video:Single-StageRefinishingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofapplyingasingle-stagefinish.


Single-StagePlasticRefinishing

• Flexadditivemayberequiredinthecolor

• Flatteningagentoptionalforinterior

• Optionswhensprayingmultipleparts


• Addcolor,asneeded



MixSealer


• Applyoneortwocoats

• Allowtoflashbetweencoats

• Allowproperdrytimebeforeapplyingbasecoat

ApplySealer


• Mixperrecommendation


• Pourintosprayguncup

• Adjustspraygunandtestspraypatterntoadjustaircappressure

MixBasecoat


• Maketestpanelandcomparetovehicle

– tintifnecessary

• Applysinglecoatsuntilundercoatishidden

– generally1–2mils

ApplyBasecoat


ApplyBasecoat(cont’d)

• Flashbetweencoats

• Mayrequiretackingbetweencoats

• DoNOTachievegloss

• Fisheyesfixedwithmistcoats


MixClearcoat

• Recycleunusedbasecoat

• Cleanspraygun

• Mixclearcoat




ApplyClearcoat

• Generally2singlecoats

– DoNOTapplyheavily

• Allowtoflash5–10minutesbetweencoats

• Buildto2–3mils


Video:Basecoat/ClearcoatRefinishingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofapplyingabasecoat/clearcoatfinish.


Basecoat/ClearcoatPlasticRefinishing

• Flexadditivemayberequiredinbasecoatorclearcoatorboth

• Optionsformultiplepanels


3rd

Coat

2nd Coat

1st Coat

3rd

Coat

2nd Coat

1st Coat

BasecoatBlending

• Sandingpaste

• Applyblendingsolvent

– basecoatareaorpanel

• Extendeachcoatbeyondprevious

• Additionalblendingsolvent


Clearcoat

Basecoat

2nd Coat Clearcoat

1st Coat Clearcoat

Basecoat

ClearcoatApplication

• Tocompletepanel

• Ifnopaneledge,extendtooppositesideforwarranty

• Mayrecommendfirstcoatonbasecoat,secondcoatcomplete


ClearcoatBlending

• NotproperUVprotection

• Maynotbecoveredbywarranty

• Followpaintmaker’sprocedures

• Userequiredblendingsolvents


Video:Basecoat/ClearcoatBlendingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofblendingabasecoat/clearcoatfinishwithinthesamepanel.


• Tintasneeded


• Pourintopaintcup

• Apply1–2coats

• Allowtodrybeforeapplyingbasecoat

MixAndApplySealer


• Mixbasecoatperrecommendation



• Makelet-downpanel

• Applytohiding

MixAndApplyBasecoat


• Properlyrecyclematerial

• Mixmidcoatortintedclearcoat



• Adjustspraygunandtest

MixMidcoat


• Refertolet-downpanel

• Agitatetokeepmicaoriented

• Properlyrecyclematerial

• Cleanspraygun

ApplyMidcoat


MixAndApplyClearcoat

• Mixclearcoat


• Tack,andapply2mils

• Four-partrefinisheshavebothmicamidcoatandtintedclearcoat


Video:Multi-StageRefinishingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofapplyingamulti-stagefinish.


• Optionsforflexadditive

– twospraygunmethod

– separateprocedures

– flexadditiveonallpanels

Multi-StagePlasticRefinishing


Multi-StageBlending

• Preparelargerareathanothertypeblends

• Extendeachcoatofbasecoatslightlybeyondprevious

• Spraypatternofmidcoatmustbeeven

– problemsdifficulttocorrect

Clearcoat

2nd Midcoat

1st Midcoat

Basecoat


Video:Multi-StageBlendingTechniques

Thisvideoshowsanexampleofblendingamulti-stagefinishwithinthesamepanel.


Whichofthesestepsisrecommendedbysomepaintmakerswhenapplyingasingle-stagerefinish?

A. Applyingasealerbetweeneachcoat

B. Applyingamicamidcoat

C. Applyingaclearcoat

D. Usingaflexadditiveonmetalparts

Review#1


TechnicianAsaysthatthebasecoatonamulti-stagefinishcanbesandedtoremovedefects.

TechnicianBsaysthatthemidcoatcanbesandedtoremovedefects.

Whoisright?

A. Aonly

B. Bonly

C. BothAandB

D. NeitherAnorB

Review#2



• mixingandapplyingasingle-stagecolor.

• mixingandapplyingabasecoat/clearcoatrefinish.

Conclusion



• mixingandapplyingamulti-stagerefinish.




• describingthecolorwheelandthethreedimensionsofcolor.

• describingtinting,andwhentintingmaybeneeded.

• plottingsolidandmetalliccolors.

• mappingsolidandmetalliccolors.

LearningObjectives


Theorybasedonthreecolordimensions:

• Value

• Hue

• Chroma

Mainwheelcolorsarered,blue,yellow,andgreen.

ColorWheel


Thisvideoexplainsthethreecolordimensions,value,hue,andchroma,asthetheoryappliestomatchingavehiclecolor.

Video:Value,Hue,AndChroma


NN

Lighter The Color =

Higher The Value

Darker The Color =

Lower The Value

• Degreeoflightnessordarkness

• Increasesascolorislightened

• Centeraxisofwheel

• Purewhiteattopandblackatbottom

• Identifiedfirst

Value


Hue

• Normallyconsideredcolor

• Alsocalledcolor,cast,tint,andshade

• Movearoundwheelinspecificsequence,buteitherdirection

– BRYG

Yellow

RedGreen Neutral

B

Y

RG Blue


Chroma

• Levelofintensityofacolorwithinasetvalue

• Alsocalledsaturation,richness,intensity,muddiness,dirtiness,grayness

• Increasesasmovesoutwardandviceversa

N


SecondaryColors

• Locatedbetweenfourmaincolors

• Movetowardmaincoloroneitherside

• Purplecanonlymovetowardblueorred

Neutral

Turq

uois

es Purples

Lim

es O

rang

es


AdjustingHue

• Crossingthroughbasiccolorsdirtiescolor.

• Refertobluer,redder,yellower,orgreener.

• Referringtoblueasbluerischroma.

Yellow

RedGreen Neutral

B

Y

RG

Refinish Vehicle

Blue


• Chipsinorderforvalue,hue,andchroma

• Value:fromwhitetoblack

– metallictoblack

• Hue:Startwithfourmajorcolors

• Chroma:Grayandmoveout

I-CARColorMovementChart


• Positionscolorsalongverticalsliceofcolortree

• Constanthue

• Arrangedinorderforvalueandchroma

MunsellColorChart

Valu

e

Chroma

8/

7/

6/

5/

4/

3/

2.5/

/2 /4 /6 /8 /10 /12 /14


• Lastresort

• Toachieveblendablematch

• Ensureformulaiscorrect

• Checkcolorvariances

• Comparetestpaneltovehicle

WhenToTint


• Mixingtints

• Measuringdevicesorpaintmixingscale

• Recordkeepingworksheets

• Tintingguides

TintingEquipment


• Tintsineachcolorgroup

• Blacks,grays,andwhites

• Metallicsandmicas

• Enoughtomatchallvehicles

MixingSystem


D742 (100%)

• Appearanceoffull-strengthtint

• Strength/effectofeachtint

• Colormovementwhentintsareadded

• Huemovement

WhatTintingGuidesShow


025

023

074

013

088

091024

055

026

065

030

025

023

074

013

088

091024

055

026

065

030

LocationOnColorWheel

Shows:

• colorfamilyorgroup

• colordirection(hue)

• howchromatic

DoesNOTshow:

• value


TwoMethods

• Plotting

– plotrefinishcolorandvehicleon3Dscale

– usetintdata

• Mapping

– tintlocationsoncolorwheel

– icons

NN

B

Y

RG N

VALUE HUE CHROMA

COLOR:TINTCODE AMOUNT WEIGHTEFFECT

Flop Value–Vehicle is:

Flop Color–Vehicle is more:

■ Darker■ Lighter

■ Blue ■ Red ■ Green■ Yellow

Metallics And Micas Only

RV R

V

RV

001

051051

024024038038

RR

VV

Blue

Yellow

RedGreen


B

Y

RG NNN

VALUE HUE CHROMA







R

• Value,hue,chromascales

• Formula

• Tinteffectsandamounts

• Flopformetallicsandmicas

ColorPlottingChart


• Codeandcolorname

• Tint“Code”

• “Tint”name

• “Effect”ofeachtint

• Quantityunder“Amount”

• Total“Weight”


596.0

794.3

803.7

811.7

596.0

198.3

9.4

8.0

Red

Warm Yellow

White

Red Oxide

Orange Cast

Red Direction

Brightens

H.S. Red/Yellow

024

001

038

051

Blaze Red

UsingTheColorPlottingChart–Formula



794.3198.3Warm Yellow Red Direction051

Blaze Red

Dominant Tint

596.0596.0Red Orange Cast024

High-Strength Tint

811.78.0Red Oxide H.S. Red/Yellow038

Small-Quantity Tint

803.79.4White Brightens001

• Dominant

– littlecolorchange

• Small-quantity

– changeshuequickly

• High-strength

– smallamountchangescolor

TintStrengths








NN

B

Y

RG N

VALUE HUE CHROMA

R

• Value,hue,chromaorder

• Refinishcolorvaluedependsontintnumbers

– morewhite,abovecenter

– morecolored,belowcenter

UsingTheColorPlottingChart–Top


• Refinishhuefromtestpanelortintinformation

• Colorfamily

• Directionfrommajorhuefamily

• Refinishchromainmiddle

UsingTheColorPlottingChart–Top(cont’d)







NN

B

Y

RG N

VALUE HUE CHROMA

R


PlottingFlop

• Lookatbothhead-onandflop

• Determineifvehicleislighterordarker

• Determinewhichdirectioncolormustbemoved






B

Y

RG NNN

VALUE HUE CHROMA







R


ChangingMetallicValue

• Increasebyaddingmetallics

• Decreasebyaddingdark,dominanttints

• Flopmodifiersonlyasrecommended


HueAndChromaInMetallics

• Choosetinttomovehuefurthestwithleastamountoftint

• Chromaaffectedbyflakeconcentration

– moremetallics,lowerthechroma

Hue Movement

Hue Movement

Chroma

Movement

Chroma

Movement


• “CAR”forcolorgroup

• “I”forcolordirection

• Underliningbarforgoodorpoorhiding

• Lowestbarforpurity

• Arrowsforflopeffect

I-CARIcon

Flop Color

Color Group

Co

lor

Dir

ecti

on

Hiding CharacteristicPurity

Flop Value


• Firststepforsolidcolors

• Nearestmajorcolorincolorwheel

– blue

– red

– yellow

– green

• White,blackowngroup

ColorGroup


• Requireddirectiontomatchvehiclecolor

• Always5possibilities

– towardadjacentprimarycolorgroup

– moreofsamecolorgroup

• Hueintensityoncolorwheel

ColorDirectionYellower

Redder, Slightly Yellow

Redder

Redder, Slightly Blue

Bluer

RedGroup


• Goodhiding

• Underliningbarsamecolorasmajorcolorgroup

• Ifblank,poorhiding

HidingCharacteristic

Hiding Characteristic


Purity

• Comparepurityofvehicletorefinishcolor

• Isthevehicle:

– morewhite,gray,orblack?

– muddier?

• Muddyisgraylowestbar,pureiswhite

Cleaner

Muddier


FlopFirstWithMetallics/Micas

• Lookatbrightnessofflopfirst

• Lookatflopcolorsecond

• Arrowshadowisflopbrightness

• Coloredarrowisflopcolor

Flop Value

Flop Color


D742 (100%)


• thecolorwheelandthethreedimensionsofcolor.

• tintingguidelines.

Conclusion



• plottingsolidandmetalliccolors.

• mappingsolidandmetalliccolors.

NN

B

Y

RG N

VALUE HUE CHROMA







RV R

V

RV

001

051051

024024038038

RR

VV

Blue

Yellow

RedGreen



SSN/SIN/I-CARIDnumber

Phonenumber

Testversionnumber

Instructorname

Post-Testbookletnumber

Dateofclass

Lastname,firstname,middleinitial

Abbreviationforstateorprovince

Post-Test

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