relay trip circuit_c16
DESCRIPTION
relayTRANSCRIPT
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Summary of Relay Trip Circuit Design
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Relay Trip Circuit Design Special Publication of the IEEE PSRC Written by a WG of the Substation
Equipment Protection Subcommittee Summary Paper in the conference
Proceedings Full document available for downloading
from the PSRC web site URL is given in the Summary Paper
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Purpose Document and share information about
electric utility practice in the design of– relay trip circuits– associated control and protective functions
Provide training and reference information for new relay engineers
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Subject Areas Substation Dc Systems
Relays Tripping a Single Breaker
Relays Tripping more than one Breaker
Breaker Failure Relaying Initiation
Transfer Tripping
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Subject Areas, cont. Pole Disagreement Tripping Trip Circuit Monitoring and Supervision Reclosing Initiation and Cancellation Trip Circuit Apparatus Bibliography and References Appendix: Target Test Results
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Substation DC Systems
DC systems overview– one feeder per breaker vs. tapped feeders– relay feeders– redundancy
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Feeder per Breaker Dc System
PR
PR
PR+ A U X
+ A UX
+ A UX
A + : CB A UX ILIA RY POW ERCB: CIRCUIT BREAK ERA UX: RELAY AU XILIARY PW R.PR: PROTECTIVE RELAY
TRIP CON TACTTC: CB TR IP COIL52a: CB A UX ILIA RY SW ITCH
LINE 1 LINE 2 LIN E 3 CB1 CB 2 CB 3
52a 52a 52aTC TC TCA + A + A +
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Feeder-per-CB with Relay Feeder
Other PR’s
+AUX-
94PR
94PR
52a 52aTC TC
A+ : CB AUXILIARY POWERCB: CIRCUIT BREAKERAUX: RELAY AUXILIARY POWER
PR: PROTECTIVE RELAYTRIP CONTACT
TC: CB TRIP COIL
52a: CB AUXILIARY SWITCH94/PR: PROTECTIVE/AUXILIARY
TRIPPING RELAY
LINE 1 LINE 1 CB1 CB2
A+ A+
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Substation DC Systems
Trip circuit routing– radial versus loop dc
DC fault currents and coordination
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Radial Dc
PR PR PR
52aTC
52aTC
52aTCA+ A+ A+
A+: CB AUXILIARY POWERCB: CIRCUIT BREAKER.PR: PROTECTIVE RELAY
TRIP CONTACTTC: CB TRIP COIL52a: CB AUXILIARY SWITCH
LINE 1 LINE 2 LINE 3 CB1 CB 2 CB 3
NOTE: DC PROTECTIVE DEVICES (FUSE OR CB’S) NOT SHOWN
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Loop Dc
PR PR PR
52a 52a 52aTC TC TC
A+A+ A+
A+: CB AUXILIARY POWERCB: CIRCUIT BREAKER.PR: PROTECTIVE RELAY
TRIP CONTACTTC: CB TRIP COIL52a: CB AUXILIARY SWITCH
LINE 1 LINE 2 LINE 3 CB1 CB 2 CB 3
NOTE: DC PROTECTIVE DEVICES (FUSE OR CB’S) NOT SHOWN
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Single Breaker Tripping Direct Trip
Indirect Trip– Diodes– Auxiliary relays
Dual breaker trip coils
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Direct Trip - Single Breaker
52b
52a
TC-1
01 T SI PR-1 PR-2 RG
(+ )
( - )
TSI
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Dual Trip Coils - Single CB
G
52b
01 T
86BF R 62Y SR-1R86
BF 62XPR-1
52a
TC-1 52a 62X TC-2
52a
62Y
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Multiple Breaker Tripping Diodes versus Auxiliary Relays
Application of Diodes in Control Circuits
Application of Auxiliary Relays
Targeting with Auxiliary Relays
Trip Testing and Trip Test Switches
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Trip two CB’s with Diodes
52a
TTSTTS
RDS
01 T
01 TR R
SI
SIPR
BREAKER 52-2 (+ )SWITCHBOARD (+ )
BREAKER 52-2 (-) BREAKER 52-1 (-)
TC TC
BREAKER 52-1 (+ )
52a
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Trip two CB’s with Aux. RelaySWITCHBOARD (+ )
BREAKER 52-2 (+ ) BREAKER 52-1 (+ )
52-2 a
BREAKER 52-2 (-) BREAKER 52-1 (-)SWITCHBOARD (-)
01 T
01 T
SI
SI
RDSTTS TTS
94
94
52-2 a
52-1 a
52-1 a
R R
TC TC
PR94
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Breaker Failure Relay Initiation Separation of Relay Circuits and Breaker
Trip Circuits
Maintaining Breaker Failure Initiation
BFI Auxiliary Relays
Breaker Auxiliary Switches
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Transfer Tripping Transmitter Keying
Receiver Output Circuits
Direct Transfer Tripping
Permissive Overreach Transfer Tripping
52b Switch Keying
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Pole Disagreement Tripping Independent pole tripping
Disagreement detection
Redundant dc supplies
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Pole Disagreement Tripping
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Trip Circuit Monitoring Trip circuit failure areas
Red light monitoring
Monitoring relays
Auxiliary relay circuit monitoring
Sneak circuits caused by monitoring
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Red Light Trip Circuit Monitor
52a52b
R94G
TRIPCOIL
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Reclose Initiation and Cancellation
Function of RI and RC signals
Means of deriving RI and RC from trips
Pulse duration considerations
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Reclose Initiation - Shunt
79X
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Reclose Initiation - Series
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Trip Circuit Apparatus
Characteristics of trip circuit devices– Auxiliary Relays– Target and Seal-in Devices– Breaker Trip Coils
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Coil Current Interruption
CONTACT WITHSTANDSVs MAX
CONTACTSBREAK DOWN
VOLTAGEACROSS COIL
TIME
CONTACTBREAKDOWN VOLTAGE
0
(+ ) VDC
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Trip Circuit Apparatus, cont.
Surge protection devices– avoiding false trips caused by dc grounds and
surge suppression capacitors– coil surge suppression devices
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Inadvertant Dc Ground Tripping
3.2 k
3.2 k
GROUND LIGHT18 V
GROUND LIGHT18 V
Cp100 µFTYPICAL
Cn100 µFTYPICAL
65 v
65 v
(+ )
( )
F5
F1
F4
F2 F3
PROTECTIVERELAYS
TRIP BUS
52 a
52 a
52TC
52CC
AUXRELAY
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Trip Circuit Apparatus, cont.
Switches in trip circuits– purposes– pro’s and con’s– trip testing
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Summary Documents a large body of knowledge about
dc trip circuit design that is not available elsewhere
Useful in explaining the reasons behind practices to new engineers and in avoiding problems discovered by others
Pertains primarily to the pre-microprocessor era, but has useful lessons for the future