report


Content:1. Introduction

2. A Town, Investigation on Better Township or Town or City Guidelines andIssues

3. Investigation & Data Collection: The present towns/cities

4. Investigation & Data Collection: The future and better township

5. The New “X” Town / Neptune City

6. The Conclusion

7. References list


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1. Introduction

We must learn from history by investigating ancient cities. We must alsolearn about modern cities and understand the traits of an ideal city. Moreover, we must think of solutions to solve problems of present cities.Therefore, we must think of proposal of a new city in Malaysia. The citizens must obviously be Malaysians with the population of 200,000 to400,000 citizens. The knowledge gained through researching will guidein planning a better city.


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2.The City

2.1 Definition of a city

A city is an inhabitant place of a relatively large size. It is a place where a numerous amount of people living together. Buildings and streets can be found everywhere. It is the center of commerce, culture, and population where humans settle down permanently to live in and work.

Generally, a city consists of many different systems for utilities, sanitation, housing, transportation, and land usage. It incorporates government, politics and diplomacy to run the city and to keep law and order.

2.2 What is the brief history?


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During the Palaeolithic Era, the humans at that his lived as nomads, meaning they are always on the move. They only build temporary homes and obtain food by hunting and gathering.

During the Neolithic Era, the humans at that time could stay in one place as the Earth warmed. They decided to give up their nomadic lifestyle andsettle down permanently. People learned to grow their own crops, rather than hunt and search for food.

During the Bronze and Iron Ages, humans at that time learn to make tools out of the bronze and iron materials. These tools were used to build homes and also rafts. Trading activities were introduced. From there onwards, a complex society was formed.


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As the humans evolved, the human settlement evolved. Villages becomestowns, towns becomes cities. Cities today are far more complex and enhanced compared to the ancient period.

2.3 What makes a city?

The common things that makes a city is having a long history, for example when and how the city was developed dating from the ancient period.

A large population, as cities tend to be more inhabitant rather than outside the city areas. Many people choose to live in the city because of its complete variety of public facilities.

Other than that, a center where business and local government can takeplace, town or city privileges which have been given by the government of the country or its ruler.

A city or town ordinarily has a place of worship; religious buildings such as a mosque, church or a temple, and educational facilities; such as universities, colleges or schools.

Generally what makes a city are, roads, sanitation, water and electrical supply, food distribution, and transportation.

2.4 What makes a good city?


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http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country


A good city, should have a safe and healthy environment for people to live in. More trees should be planted everywhere and incorporate the care of city green spaces such as various types of parks in the city.

In the city, automobiles can be found everywhere, therefore causing air pollution produced from the exhaust fumes that may impact on human health.By using alternative transport systems such as LRT and monorails, air pollutioncan be reduced.

Besides that, a good city should have a maintained sewage system. Large volumes of uncollected waste will create numerous health hazards. Therefore, a good city should have a private-public partnerships to provide services such as waste disposal and housing.

Every second, the population of the human race grows intensively which may lead to poverty as local governments are unable to provide servicesfor all people. A good city would involve the local community in the local government.

Furthermore, a fair governance and human rights should be incorporated. A good city should also have a strong system of law, security and


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defense policy. Public and private educational facilities such as schools, universities, and colleges should be provided.

2.5 What are the future cities?

In the coming years the population will grow. This will cause problems in terms of environment and social. Fortunately, the lives of the people living in the future cities can be improved. The impact of this growth on the environment can be reduced by the future technologies that improves the efficiency and effectiveness of the future cities. With the future technology, infrastructure and public data, cities can innovative applications and information products that make possible sustainable modes of city living and working.

A future city would handle every aspect of disaster resistant building, from large town sized buildings to small dwellings. It also discusses other


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disasters, such as poor air quality, asteroid strikes and volcanic and Earthquakes.


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3. Investigation & Data Collection:

Ancient Cities

3.1 When did the ancient city began?

In the ancient time, a city is described as an urban center of an abundance population and a certain pattern of buildings spreading out from a religious compound, for example a temple. The word “city” derives from the Latin word, civitas. Professor M. E. Smith of Arizona State University writes in The Sage Encyclopedia of Urban Studies, "The demographic definition, based on the concepts of Louis Wirth, identifies cities as large, dense settlements withsocial heterogeneity", which means it is defined as a large community of people who decided to live together for a common purpose under laws observed by all.

The ancient cities began developing in the Mesopotamian region between 4500 and 3100 BCE. Uruk city, considered the oldest in the world, developed in 4500 BCE. Eridu city was considered the first city in the world bythe Sumerians while other cities such as Byblos, Jericho, Damascus, Aleppo, Jerusalem, Sidon, Luoyang, Athens, Argos, and Varasani also claimed as the first city. These cities are evidently ancient. Uruk however, asserts as the oldest city because it has physical evidence and written documentation in the form ofcuneiform texts, recording the community activities from the early date. Jericho, Sidon, and Eridu, which certainly settled before Uruk, unfortunately lacks the documentation. Their age and progression of habitation was


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estimated based on the foundations of buildings by archaeological excavations rather than documents found on site.

3.2 What ancient city are you concentrating on?


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The ancient city of Uruk. Presumably, it was the first ancient city that started in the Mesopotamian region which was between 4500 and 3100 BCE. The oldest city in the world, founded by King Enmerkar around 4500 BCE; according to the Sumerian King List, and the ancient city was developed sometime around that. This ancient city has physical evidence and written documentation of cuneiform texts, stating the activities of the community fromthe earliest time.

This city of Uruk was located in the southern region of Sumer, which today is known as Warka, Iraq. The city was continuously inhabited from its founding until 300 CE, when owing to both natural and man-made influences, people began to desert the area. It laid abandoned and buried until excavated in 1853 CE by William Loftus for the British Museum.

3.3 What makes it a significant city and what are the details?


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It is highly known for its great king, King Gilgamesh and the epic tale of his quest for immortality and for the early developments of civilization which took place there.

It is appraised as the first city in the world because of the origin of writing, the first example of architectural work in the form of stones and its building of significant stone structures, the origin of the ziggurat; which is a form of terraced step pyramid of consecutively receding stories or levels, and also the first development of the cylinder seal; which the ancient Mesopotamians used to appoint personal property or as signature on documents. The cylinder seal for the people of that time stood for one’s reputation and personal identity.

3.4 Conclusion about the city

It is concluded that Uruk was famous for the capital city of Gilgamesh, hero of the Epic of Gilgamesh. Aside from being one of the first cities, Uruk was the main force of urbanization during the Uruk period (4000-3200 BC). This period of 800 years evolved from small, agricultural villages to a larger urban center with a full time bureaucracy, military, and stratified society.

It is also concluded that highly organizational forms of the ancient city life were developed in Uruk. Writings and archives were among the things that were discovered there. It is a sophisticated economic and administrative system. Uruk also has the first monumental constructions in architectural


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history. Some parts of the city was composed of courtyard houses, grouped by profession of the occupants, in districts around Eanna and Anu.

Furthermore, Uruk was very well penetrated by a canal system. This canal system flowed throughout the city connecting it with the maritime trade on the ancient Euphrates River as well as the surrounding agricultural belt.

3.5 What information or element that you can use to your new future city?

Uruk was surrounded by a massive wall, more than 9 kilometers long, which according to tradition was built by the orders of the Epic King Gilgamesh. Walls have traditionally been built for defense, privacy, and to protect the people of a certain region from the danger posed by outsiders. Therefore, I can use this element to build walls around my future city for defense, privacy, and protection of the people.

Uruk, is a city dominated by monumental mud brick buildings decorated with mosaics of painted clay cones embedded in the walls, and extraordinary works of art. Therefore, I can use this element of architectural work of art and implement it on my future city.


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Present City

4.1 When did the present city began?

In 1913, it was roughly estimated that 10% of the world's population lived in the city. In the present day, it has increased by 40% more. By 2050, it is estimated that it will increase again to 75%.

This will create a great impact on the cities' resources. Today, the cities are finding ways to resolve this upcoming problem in the future for a better life for the present and future generation.

4.2 What present city are you concentrating on?


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The city of Dubai. It is located on the northern tip of the United Arab Emeritus. This city has been ruled by the Al-Maktoum dynasty since 1833 and existed in its modern state since 1971. Mohammed bin Rashid Al-Maktoum is now the current ruler and also the prime minister and vice president of the United Arab Emirates.

The city has a population of 1.6 million people and a 37 billion USD economy based largely on trade, manufacturing and financial services. In the past few years, the city has gained world wide attention because of its prosperous economy and architectural projects. A focus on business and tourism, the city is continuously increasing construction. There are more new projects to come.

4.3 What makes it a significant city and what are the details?


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Dubai is one of the fastest growing cities in the world. Today it is a tourism, trade and logistics hub. It is also considered as one of the most attractive and impressive architectural buildings for sightseeing in the world.

Dubai is the home to over 2 million people from more than 200 nationalities and is one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world. It is safe, politically stable, centrally located, has a good education system and healthcare facilities, modern infrastructure and others. The shopping and leisure facilities are impressive, and the salaries are tax-free.

Dubai is always on the move, with more projects waiting in line to be implemented, striving for greater heights and more facilities and comfort. It is definitely the city of the 21st century.

4.4 Conclusion about the city


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It is concluded that architectural innovations and technological challenges are the recurrent themes in the development of this city.

Artificial islands in the form of giant palms; The Palm, or the globe; The World, shelter apartments, villas, hotels and luxury shops, and a gigantic waterfront; Dubai Waterfront. Awe inspiring attraction parks; Dubailand. Sports complex; Dubai Sports City, an underwater hotel entirely assembled in Germany has been submerged off the coast of Dubai.

Moreover, there are many more buildings, yet to be implemented. Even without the upcoming buildings, this city is complete with everything the human population desires in the 21st century.

4.5 What information or element that you can use to your new city?

The city of Dubai shows that tourism may bring a huge income to the country. Therefore, I can use this element to attract and encourage tourists from all over the world by planning a city that has awe inspiring attractions inthe terms of architectural buildings such as shopping malls, hotels, parks and so on.

Dubai seems to be a city that is rich in its culture. Therefore, I can use this element to be implemented in my future city. Furthermore, buildings and places of worship of all religion will be built to show and support the needs of all the races.


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The future of towns and Better Towns

Japan

The Japanese government is developing an environmental friendly "FutureCity" Initiative(FCI), launched in 2011.

Over the years, the human populations have increased significantly and increase around 6.4 billion in 2050, comprising around 70% of the world's population. The rapid growth is seen in developing nations in regions such as Asia and Africa, causing multiple environmental and urban problems. The challenge of realizing a prosperous life without increasing the burden on the environments is a common issue for humanity.

Japan is already facing challenges that other countries will be facing in the future. One of the problems now is the decreasing birthrate and the rapid aging of its human population. It is estimated that in 2050, seniors over the age of 65 will comprise 40% of the human population. It is a crucial duty for Japan to perceive cities that maintain their social life so that senior citizens can live content, healthy and secure. In the future, countries starting in Asia, are estimated to experience the same challenge of an aging society. Japan's experiences in handling this problem will give example and lessons on this common challenge for other countries.

To transform a city into a source of social energy, it is especially important for stakeholders to mutually recognize the problems, organize them in a comprehensive way, and think about frameworks that help common human challenges such as environmental problems, aging, and to revitalize economies and societies.


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Japan's Revitalization Strategy

Concept of the Initiative

FCI's basic concept is to create cities that embrace new friendly people, in order to deal with environmental issues and the aging society. Its purpose is to solve problems being faced by Japan and the world such as global warming, resource and energy constraints, andaging societies through establishing sustainable social and economic systems and recovering social solidarity. At the same time increasing the quality of life and make a good city for people to live.

It is a necessity to take environmental, social and economic values into consideration, to realize a sustainable society. A Future City where everyone would want to live in and enjoy vitality is defined as a city where environmental, social and economic values are being unprecedentedly upgraded.


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Requirements for Future Cities

Every FCI city has to make a decision; a strategic future vision with the purpose of maximizing and enhancing the environmental, social and economic values. When setting up the future vision, it is a necessity to set the vision in a way that fully incorporates each city's diverse and unique features that rises from its natural and social characteristics.

Every city has a requirement; to handle the challenges of the environment and agingsociety, and to take on extra challenges in areas that can enhance their originality and parallel advantages in cooperation with other cities in Japan and other cities. It is essential to collect worldwide intelligence by taking in information on other cites' successes from all over the world. The FCI is not an experiment, but a process aiming at innovation in socio-economic systems that continuously creates new values for the people.


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The FCI Promotion Scheme

FCI project management is needed at three levels; how to effectively promote the FCIas a whole on the national level, how to manage all projects at the individual city level, and how to grasp progress at the individual project level. Steady project management using the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle at each level increases the rate for success.

Strong and quick acting executive authorities are important to create successful cases. The national government will give advice to FCI cities and establish a system to promote coordinated financing, deregulation and various reforms. Each selected city is expected to form corporations, citizens, universities and local governments.

Strengthening cooperation among cities can improve and speed up the success of projects. The national government will construct an international intellectual platform by collecting, arranging and analyzing worldwide successful cases, disseminating the information, and arranging opportunities for intellectual exchanges.


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About the Eco-Model City Initiative

The Eco-Model City initiative was designed to demonstrate the image of the low carbon society that Japan aspires to be in future. 13 cities were selected to take the challenge of pioneering approaches with goals aimed at realizing a low carbon society.

Those cities created specific Action Plans to achieve its goals and moving ahead accordingly while receiving advice from the Eco-Model City Evaluation and Research Review Commission. These model cities have been endeavoring to implement their action plans in a cross-sectional manner and take a thorough approach to overcome the barriers between various stakeholders. They are also cooperating with citizens and private organizations to generate vitality in their cities of a low carbon society, and working to become models for municipalities nationwide.

Between growing concern about energy issues due to the Great East Japan Earthquake, it has become more important to further spread information about the efforts being made by Eco-Model Cities towards developing low carbon societies. Therefore, in


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2012, an extra selection of seven more Eco-Model Cities were made, with three more in 2013.

Further Development of the FCI

To encourage other municipalities around the nation to take on the challenge, "FutureCities Promotion Council for the Eco-Cities/FutureCity Initiatives" was set up. In the Council's discussions, three more eco-model cities, Niseko Town in Hokkaido, Ikoma City of Nara Prefecture, and Oguni Town in Kumamoto Prefecture, were added on March 2014, expanding the targeted cities.

The FCI will exert to create successful cases that resolve issues related to the environment and aging population, common issues throughout the world in the 21st century by technology, socioeconomic systems, services, business models and city rejuvenation.


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Initiatives by Future Cities

Higashimatsushima CityHigashimatsushima Strives for Creative Future

Toyama CityToyama City Works Toward Compact City Utilizing Public Transportation


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http://www.japanfs.org/en/news/archives/news_id034781.html

http://www.japanfs.org/en/news/archives/news_id034807.html


6.The New “X” City - Neptune

6.1 How did you came up with the solution to create this new town?

Neptune City

I have always liked the aquatic marine life. So I thought of a floating city, out on the sea. To build on land means that the rainforests need to be logged, causing a disturbance to the natural habitat of the animals living in therainforest. Furthermore, Malaysia is a small country, meaning the land is limited. So I came up with an idea to build a city, floating out on the sea surrounded by the aquatic marine life. It is definitely a new and interesting environment to live on a floating city out on the sea. I decided to name the city after a Roman mythology, god of the sea, “Neptune”. Therefore, the new name for the city is; Neptune City.


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6.2 What are the important characteristic and elements?

• Green - Green areas

• Dark Orange - Residential areas

• Pink - Tourism areas

• Light Blue - Business and Commercial areas

• Dark Blue - Police and Navy areas

• Red - Hospital

• Dark Purple - Educational area

• Light Purple - Hotel

• Light Orange - Agricultural and Fishery area

• Brown - Industrial area

• Black - Port and Shipping area

• Silver - Religious and Culture area

• Yellow - Services area


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6.3 Conclusion about Neptune City

The city of Neptune in my opinion is a well thought of city. It is because I have incorporated the green planet concept, with a mixture of modern and ancient architecture. Furthermore, it is a strategic location for job opportunities as well as investors and property buyers. The green planet concept will definitely provide a healthy living to the people. The art and design of the architectural buildings will definitely catch attention from around the world.

As the mayor of the city of Neptune, I hope that the citizens of Neptune city will enjoy and live a prosperous and a healthy life.


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7.ConclusionAs human beings living on Earth, it has been a critical time for us as the

years passed by. While the demand of the natural global resources is greatly increasing, the resources unfortunately has, and is still continuously degradingterribly. And so, as considerate human beings, we need to encourage ourselves and and others to change the world in to a better place for the present and future generations.


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8.Reference Links1. http://www.ancient.eu/uruk/

2. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/city

3. http://www.ancient.eu/city/

4. http://crcresearch.org/case-studies/case-studies-sustainable-infrastructure/land-use-planning/what-makes-a-city-liveable

5. http://www.residentsassociations.co.uk/latest-articles/your-community/what-makes-a-country-great.html

6. http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/City

7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City

8. http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/habitats/urban-threats2/

9. http://designmind.frogdesign.com/articles/envisioning-the-city-of-the-future.html

10. http://www.vagabond-unlimited.co.uk/#!future-towns/c19bv

11. http://www.art.net/~hopkins/Don/simcity/manual/history.html

12. http://visiting.definitelydubai.com/why-dubai

13. http://www.japanfs.org/en/projects/future_city/index.html

14. http://www.penfield.edu/webpages/jgiotto/onlinetextbook.cfm?subpage=1525826

15. http://www.baharash.com/how-dubai-will-become-the-worlds-most-sustainable-city/

16. http://www.crystalinks.com/uruk.html

17. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/uruk/hd_uruk.htm

18. http://www.mysterra.org/webmag/dubai-city.html


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http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/uruk/hd_uruk.htm

http://www.crystalinks.com/uruk.html

http://www.baharash.com/how-dubai-will-become-the-worlds-most-sustainable-city/

http://www.baharash.com/how-dubai-will-become-the-worlds-most-sustainable-city/

http://www.penfield.edu/webpages/jgiotto/onlinetextbook.cfm?subpage=1525826

http://www.japanfs.org/en/projects/future_city/index.html

http://visiting.definitelydubai.com/why-dubai

http://www.art.net/~hopkins/Don/simcity/manual/history.html

http://www.vagabond-unlimited.co.uk/#!future-towns/c19bv

http://designmind.frogdesign.com/articles/envisioning-the-city-of-the-future.html

http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/habitats/urban-threats2/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City

http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/City

http://www.residentsassociations.co.uk/latest-articles/your-community/what-makes-a-country-great.html

http://www.residentsassociations.co.uk/latest-articles/your-community/what-makes-a-country-great.html

http://crcresearch.org/case-studies/case-studies-sustainable-infrastructure/land-use-planning/what-makes-a-city-liveable

http://crcresearch.org/case-studies/case-studies-sustainable-infrastructure/land-use-planning/what-makes-a-city-liveable

http://www.ancient.eu/city/

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/city

http://www.ancient.eu/uruk/

report

Environment

better city

new city

city guidelines

ideal city

better township

enbe final project

new x town neptune city

puan hasmanira fnbe