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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Certificate-college.

.ii

Certificate-Log

Book.iii

Certificate-

Company..iv

Acknowledgement

.v

Preface

.vi

Table of contents

..vii

Table

Index

..ix

Figure

Index

..x

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION1.1 Project Title

1.2 Project Description1.3 Block Diagram

1.4 Application Area

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CHAPTER 2 HARDWARE2.1 Circuict Diagram and

Description2.2 Bill of Material

CHAPTER 3 CIRCUIT FABRICATION3.1 Hardware Integration And

Testing3.2 Engineering Design

CHAPTER 4 PROJECT EVALUATION4.1 Result And Conclusion

4.2 Failure Analysis

CHAPTER 5 ANNEXURE5.1 Data Sheet5.2 References

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TABLE INDEX

Table 2.1: Component List

Table 4.1: Data Sheet Of Led

Table 4.2: Data Sheet Of Voltage Regulator

Table 4.3: Data Sheet Of Ts10p

Table 4.4: Characterstices Table

Table 4.5: Transistor Data Sheet

Table 4.6: Data Sheet Of Ne55 Timer

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FIGURE INDEX

Fig:-1.1 Block Diagram

Fig:-1.2 Block Diagram Of Sensor

Fig:-1.3 Internal Block Diagram

Fig:-1.4.Monostable Ic

Fig:-1.5 Opto Isolator

Fig:-2.1 Circuit Diagram

Fig 3.1 Regulated Power Supply

Fig 4.1 Opto Isolator

Fig 4.2 Opto Coupler

Fig 4.3 Opto Isolator Ic

Fig 4.4 Triac Bt136

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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTIO

N1.1 Project Title:-

Remote Controlled Fan Regulator

1.2 Project Description And Application Area:-

1.2.1 Description

A circuit that allows total control over your equipments without having to move around is a

revolutionary concept. Total control over the speed of the fan is a boon to many. This product

brings to you this very concept. Remote control facilitates the operation of fan regulatorsaround the home or office from a distance. It provides a system that is simple to understand and

also to operate, a system that would be cheap and affordable, a reliable and easy to maintain

system of remote control and durable system irrespective of usage. It adds more comfort toeveryday living by removing the inconvenience of having to move around to operate a fan

regulator. The system seeks to develop a system that is cost effective while not undermining the

need for efficient working. The first remote control, called lazy bones was developed in 1950

by Zenith Electronics Corporation (then known as Zenith Radio Corporation). The device wasdeveloped quickly, and it was called Zenith space command, the remote went into production

in the fall of 1956, becoming the first practical wireless remote control device. Today, remote

control is a standard on electronic products, including VCRs, cable and satellite boxes,digitalvideo disc players and home audio players. In the year 2000, more than 99 percent of all TV set

and 100 percent of all VCR and DVD players sold are equipped with remote controls. The

average individual these days probably picks up a remote control at least once or twice a day.

Basically, a remote control works in the following manner. A button is pressed. This completes

a specific connection which produces a Morse code line signal specific to that button. The

transistor amplifies the signal and sends it to the LED which translates the signal into infraredlight. The sensor on the appliance detects the infrared light and reacts appropriately. The

remote controls function is to wait for the user to press a key and then translate that into

infrared lightsignals that are received by the receiving appliance. The carrier frequency of suchinfrared signals is typically around 36kHz. The aim of this work is to design and construct a

remote control for a fan regulator. The remote control device sends an infra-red beam, which is

received by the infra-red sensor on the regulator and the speed of the fan is increased. One of

the primary objectives of an engineer is to endeavor to deliver the best product or the mostefficient services at the lowest cost to the end user.The system was found to meet the expected

results.

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1.4 Project Description:-

1.4.1 Sensing unit: -

We are using one sensor which is used to sense the signal from the IR remote and generates a

signal and send to the decoder unit. When sensor receives a signal then it provide a particularspeed to the load. If it again receives a signal then it increases speed of the load after five pulses

it will be OFF the load.

Fig:-1.2 Block Diagram Of Sensor

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Fig:-1.3

1.4.2 Monostable Circuit:-

Decoder unit :-

We are using one decoder IC 4017 which has 10 outputs but here we are using only fiveoutputs.

According each output speed of the load will vary. It receives the signal from the sensor .In

between the five outputs, one is reset the load. It is used for controlling the speed of the fan.

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Fig:-1.4.Monostable Ic

Isolator Unit:-

It is used for driving the triac. this is MOC 3021(opto isolator).it isolate the signal from

monostable multivibrator to triac.

Fig:-1.5 Opto Isolator

1.3 Application areas:-

1. Remote controlled Fan Regulator is used to control the speed of fan from our bed or couch.2. The same circuit finds its use to control the Intensity of light at various levels.

3. This circuit also finds it use for switching ON and OFF any electronic circuit.

1.4 INPUT REQUIRED:-

1. Power supply required for every project

2. Soldering iron and soldering wire

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CHAPTER 2

HARDWARE

2.1 Circuit Diagram:-

Fig:-2.1

2.2 WORKING:-

The 230 V from AC mains is stepped down to 12V and Regulated by IC7809, capacitor and

Diodes to 9V. This filtered 9V is used for providing supply to the entire circuit. Any button of

remote control can 6 be used to control the speed of the fan. The remote control producesinfrared rays which is received by the TSOP infrared receives module. The TSOP used here is

TSOP 1738. It is capable for receiving signals up to 38 KHZ. The infrared rays are received by

the TSOP sensor and its output isgiven as a trigger to the first monostable multivibrator NE 555

through a LED and Resistor R4. This NE555 which is wired as Monostable multivibrator isused to delay the clock to decade counter CD 4017. We can directly give the output of TSOP to

decade counter, but while doing so all the small pulse or noises may also act as clock to counter

and counter starts counting. The decade counter has ten outputs from Q0 to Q9. But here we areusing only Q0 to Q4. Q5 is not used and Q6 is used to reset the counter. The output of decade

counter is taken through Resistors R5 to R9. The resistor R5 to R9 and capacitor C5 controls

the pulse width which is actually determining the speed of the fan. If the Q0 output is high the

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capacitor C5 is charged through R5, if Q1 is high capacitor C5 is charged through R6 and so

on, thereby controlling the speed of the fan accordingly. Here we are controlling the speed of

the fan in five levels that is why we are taking five outputs (A0 to Q4). Another NE 555 is usedhere which is also wired as monostable multivibrator. This monostable multivibrator is riggered

by pulses from opto coupler MCT2E. It is wired as Zero crossing detector. The output from

decade counter is given to NE555 and this is given to the transistor BC548. It is given to theOpto isolator MOC 3021. It is used for driving the Triac BT136. Triac is a type of thyristor.Here the resistor R13 (470hm) and capacitor C7 (0.01F) combination is used as snubber

network for the Triac. The Resistors R5 to R9 and capacitor C5 are used to control the pulse

width. When Q0 output is high the pulse width is maximum, when Q1 output is high pulsewidth is decreased slightly. As the pulse width decreases firing angle of the triac increases and

speed of the fan also increases. By using remote control we are actually controlling pulse

width, which in turn varies the firing angle of triac, and there by varying the speed of the fan .

2.2 Bill Of Material:-

Bill of materials (BOM) is the term used to describe the raw materials, sub-assemblies,intermediate assemblies, sub-components, components, parts and the quantities of each neededto

manufacture a final product. It may be used for communication between manufacturing

partners, orconfined to a single manufacturing plant.

2.2.1 Component:-

COMPONENT VALUE SPECIFICATION

QUANTITY PRICE

Ic Ne555 555 Dip 2 14Transistor Bc148 - 1 2

Regulator Ic 9v 7809 1 9Decade Counter Cd4017 - 1 9

Ir Sensor Tsop1738 38khz 1 29Led - Red 1 1

Triac - Bt136 1 35Transformer 12-0-12v - 1 32

Rectifier - Bridge 1 4

Resistor 1k 1/4w,10% 1 233k 1/4w,10% 1 127k 1/4w,10% 1 120k 1/4w,10% 1 1

12k 1/4w,10% 1 1

3.3k 1/4w,10% 1 1

100k 1/4w,10% 1 1

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10K 1/4W,10% 1 1

5.6K 1/4W,10% 1 1

47 1/4W,10% 3 34700 1/4W,10% 1 147K 1/4W,5% 1 1

330 1/4W,10% 1 1Zener Diode 5.1v - 1 2

Diode 1n4007 - 5 51N4148 - 5 5

Capacitor 0.1f Ceramic 5 510f 16V ELECTRO

LYTE1 2

9.7f 16V ELECTROLYTE

1 2

0.22f CERAMIC 1 2470f 50V

ELECTROLYTE

1 2

Opto Isolator Moc3021 1 14Opto Coupler Mct2e 1 10

Table 2.1

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CHAPTER 3CIRCUIT FABRICATION

3.1 HARDWARE INTEGRATION & TESTING :

Integration of circuit is basically mounting of component on the PCB and solders it. We haveused a zero base PCB and all the component are soldered on it and connected through jumper

wires.

The whole circuit has been divided into two segments:

1. Power supply circuit

2. Transmitter & receiver circuit

Fig 3.1Regulated power supply (+9V),

All these components except transformers are connected through the jumper wires.Transformer is connected to this circuit through the male and female connector.

3.1.1 TESTING For Power Supply

Every component is checked for short circuit through millimeters

Power supply is given & the output of the various components is tested

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Output of the transformer-12.02 volt A.C

Output of the rectifier:- volt D.C

Output of the regulator:-9.05Volt D.C Output of the regulator with load:-8.80 Volt D.C

3.1.2 Testing For Receiver Circuit

Receiving circuict is tested by the multimeter.we tested all the pins when load wasconnected.When the IR transmitter transmite 38KHz frequency.

Output voltage at the receiver :5.5V.

Output current at the receiver: 5mA.

3.1.3 Testing Of The 555 Timer Circuict:-

It is tested by the oscilloscope we connect both terminal of probe to the output pin and check

the frequency generated by the 555 timer.

Voltage at pin3 of 555 timer=3.49 Volt

There is square wave.

Ra=100KC1=1uf 16V

C2=.01u

Vcc=9V

3.2 Engineering Design:

A good engineering design is what makes a project handy, portable & easy to use. It also

provides an aesthetic look to the project & helps the developer to check the circuit easily during

project failure. Thus, in our project, we have used connectors for different units to make theproject easy to carry & easy to handle. As far as PCB is concerned, Zero PCB is used for

designing of whole circuit & jumper wires are used only when they are required. So that the

Circuit appears simple & neat for testing purpose. A wooden Control Box is used for placing

the circuit safe & only user interface is provided to user.Model is designed according to the requirement and gives the look like actual parking lot.

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CHAPTER 4DATA SHEET OF COMPONENT

4.1 Data Sheet:-

4.1.1 Led:-

Table 4.1

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4.1.2 Voltage Regulator:-

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Table 4.2

4.1.3 Ir Sensor:-

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Table 4.3

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Table 4.4

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4.1.4 Bc 548 Transistor:-

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Table 4.5

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4.1.5 Ne555 Timer:-

Table 4.6

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4.1.6 Decade Counter

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4.1.7OPTO ISOLATOR:-

FIG 4.1 OPTO ISOLATOR

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4.1.6 Opto Coupler:- FIG 4.2

An Opto coupler is used to transmit either analog or digital information from one voltage

potential to another while maintaining isolation of potentials. It is used for low voltages.

MCT2E is the opto coupler used here. MCT2E is NPN silicon planar phototransistor

optically coupled to a gallium arsenide infrared emitting diode. It is used to trigger themonostable multivibrator(IC3).The MCT2XXX series optoisolators consist of a gallium

arsenide infrared emitting diode driving a silicon phototransistor in a 6-pin dual in-line

package.

Schematic Diagram Of Optocoupler IC:-

Applications:-

Power supply regulators.

Digital logic inputs.

4.1.7 Opto Isolator:-

FIG 4.3: OPTO ISOLATOR

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An Opto isolator is used to transmit either analog or digital information from one voltage

potential to another while maintaining isolation of the potentials. Its operating voltage is

higher than that of an Opto coupler.

Here, MOC3021 is used as opto isolator. It is used to drive the Triac BT136 .

Schematic Diagram Of Opto Isolator:-

The MOC302_ series are optically isolated triac driver devices.These devices contain a

GaAs( Gallium Arsenide) infrared emitting diode coupled with a light activated siliconbilateral

switch which functions like a triac mounted in a standard 6 pin dual-in-line package. This isdesigned for interfacing between electronic controls and power triacs to control resistive and

inductive loads for 240 V AC operations.

FEATURE:-

High Isolation Voltage (5.3kVRMS ,7.5kVPK )

400V Peak Blocking Voltage

Excellent Stability

Applications:-

CRTs

Power Triac Driver

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4.1.8 Triac Bt 136:-

FIG 4.4: TRIAC BT136

A TRIAC, or TRIode for Alternating Current is an electronic component approximately

equivalent to two silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs/thyristors) joined in inverse parallel(paralleled but with the polarity reversed) and with their gates connected together. The

formal name for a TRIAC is bidirectional triode thyristor. This results in a bidirectional

electronic switch which can conduct current in either direction when it is triggered(turned on) and thus doesn't have any polarity. It can be triggered by either a positive or

a negative voltage being applied to itsgate electrode (with respect to A1, otherwise

known as MT1). Once triggered, the device continues to conduct until the current

through it drops below a certain threshold value, the holding current, such as at the endof a half-cycle of alternating current (AC) mains power. In addition, applying a trigger

pulseat a controllable point in an AC cycle allows one to control the percentage of current that

flows through the TRIAC to the load (phase control).The triac used here is BT136. It is thyristor with a firing angle

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CHAPTER 5PROJECT EVALUATION

5.1 Result:-The concept of speed control home appliances has been gives the functonal shape by thisproject. It control the speed of the load(fan).it makes the human life more easy because this

project work by the remote.when user gives apulse through remote then it on the fan and in

next pulse

4.2 Failure Analysis:-

Supply Wire Failure:-In the first when we gave power supply then we found that our project was not working then

we checked the voltage at the regulator there was nothing .Then we tested the transformer and the supply wire and we get that supply wire was not

working. Then we change the power supply and now that time we got 9.8V regulated DC

supply.After giving the power supply there output does not stop in one position For reducing this

problem I placed the transformer at sufficient distance from the receiver.

Speed Sequential Failure:-Now output was coming but they are not come in order for reducing this problem I change the

connection of the output from the variable resistor.

It change speed of the device.

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CONCLUSION

With the knowledge of new techniques in Electronics we are able to make our life more

comfortable.One such application of electronics is used in our project.The same circuit finds its

use in many more applications. By this the intensity of light can be controlled using a remote.The intensity of light can be controlled in five levels from off position to maximum intensity

possible.

So it finds use as a night lamp by keeping the intensity of lamp in low level. The circuit alsofinds its use for switching ON and OFF any electronic circuitry. Our normal T.V remote can be

used for all these purposes. So it is very useful or a real help to old age and sick people, since

they can control the speed from the place where they are sitting. We feel that our product servessomething good to this world and we like to present it before this prosperous world.

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REFERENCES

http://lejpt.academicdirect.org/A09/055_062.htm

http://www.electronicsforu.com/EFYLinux/circuit/July2006/CI-01_July06.pdf

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless

www.epanorama.net discussion index

http://freecircuitdiagram.com/2009/03/27/fan-control-circuit-usinglm56-ic/

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