report- brain computer interface

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Jan-nayak Ch. Devilal Memorial

College of Engineering,Sirsa

Seminar ReportOn

Brain Computer Interface

(BCI)

Submitted To Submitted By

Er. (Mrs.) Anshu Kamboj Ashish Kumar Sethi

AP, IT/CSE Deptt. Roll No. 2708445

JCDM College of Engg. B.Tech. (IT) 8th Sem.



© www.ashishsethisirsa.webs.com 1

May 27, 2012

Certificate

This is Certified that Mr. Ashish Kumar Sethi

(2708445), Student of B.tech. IT , prepared the

seminar report by himself. However, the teachers

from deptt. guided him, So, his work is

considered as original. This work is not presented

by any other student of college.

Head, IT Deptt.

JCDM College of EnggSirsa




May 27, 2012

Contents

Certificate ______________________________ 1Contents ______________________________ 2

Introduction _______________________________ 3

Definition _______________________________ 3

Brain Computer Interface Devices _______________ 3

Working of BCI ____________________________ 4

Working Principle ____________________________ 4How BCI Works? ____________________________ 5

Electroencephalography (EEG) ____________________ 6

BCI Input & Output ____________________________ 7

BCI Applications ____________________________ 8

Researches regarding BCI ________________________ 9

Advantage & Disadvantages ___________________ 10Bibliography ________________________________ 11

Author ’s Profile ____________________________ 12

Guide’s Profile ____________________________ 12




May 27, 2012

Brain Computer Interface BCI)

Introduction

BCI stands for Brain-Computer-Interface. As its name defines, Brain-computer interface

(BCI) is the collaboration between a brain and a device that enables signals from the brain

to direct some external activity, such as control of a cursor or a prosthetic limb.

Definition

Brain-Computer-Interface (BCI) is a communication system in which your brain does not

use nerves to give orders to your body or to the world outside. "A BCI provides its user

with an alternative method for acting on the world". -by Jonathan Wolpaw

Brain Computer Interface Devices

A computer monitor screen

A device looking as helmet

Electrode to be implanted at the scalp

Connecting chips and cables for receiving & sending the message in signal form




May 27, 2012

Working of BCI

Working Principle

Main principle behind this interface is the bioelectrical activity of nerves and muscles.

Brain is composed of millions of neurons. When the neuron fires, or activates, there is a

voltage change across the cell which generates signals on the surface of the brain. By

monitoring and analyzing these signals we can operate on these signals.

Neurons: Brain is filled with Neurons. Nerve cells are connected by Dendrites & Axons.

Signals are generated by difference in Electric potential carried by Ions on the Membrane

of each Neuron. Neurons are specialized to transmit information throughout the body.

Several different types of neurons are responsible for different tasks in the human body.




May 27, 2012

How Brain Computer Interface works?

BCI is a direct communication pathway between a brain and an external device. Thesignals produced by our brain is transformed in the analog signal form, these signals are

called EEG signals. The EEG is recorded with electrodes, which are placed on the scalp.

Electrodes are small plates, which conduct electricity. They provide the electrical contact

between the skin and the EEG recording apparatus.




May 27, 2012

What is Electroencephalography (EEG)?

Electroencephalography (EEG) is measurement of electrical activity produced by brain as

recorded from electrodes placed on the scalp. Our mind produce various waves, we can

detect those signals, interpret what they mean and use them to direct a device of somekind.

(a) In healthy subjects, primary motor area sends movement commands to muscles via

spinal cord.

(b) In paralyzed people this pathway is interrupted.

(c) Computer based decoder translates this activity into commands for muscle control.




May 27, 2012

BCI Input Output

Input from the user and output from the computer or other device made possible by BCI

devices through waves.




May 27, 2012

BCI Applications

BCI Devices have the ability to control a video game by thought. If you think a remote

control is convenient, imagine changing channels with your mind by using BCI Devices.

Artificial Eye by using BCI technologyHonda’s Brain Machine interface controlling robots by thoughts.




May 27, 2012

Researches Regarding BCI

Several laboratories have managed to record signals from monkey and rat cerebral cortices

in order to operate BCIs to carry out movement.

Monkeys have navigated computer cursors on screen and commanded robotic arms to

perform simple tasks simply by thinking about the task and without any motor output. InMay 2008 photographs that showed a monkey operating a robotic arm with its mind at the

Pittsburgh University Medical Center were published in a number of well known science

journals and magazines.

The First Jens Neumann, a man with acquired blindness, being interviewed about his

vision BCI. In vision science, direct brain implants have been used to treat acquired

blindness. One of the first scientists to come up with a working brain interface to restore

sight was the researcher William Dobelle.




May 27, 2012

Advantages Disadvantages

Advantages:

With the use of BCI device:

A hearing impaired person can hear sound.

A blind person can see everything

A person can play games by his/her brain waves.

A person who doesn’t have hand or leg can do the work by robotic hand or leg

For lie detecting test, it is also used.

Disadvantages:

There are about 100billion neurons in a human brain. Each neuron is constantlysending & receiving signals through a WEB of connections.

EEG measure tiny voltage potentials, sometimes a simple as the blinking eye lids of

the subject can generate much Stronger Signals.

BCI’s require a wired connection to the equipment.




May 27, 2012

Bibliography:

Research Papers & Studies:

J. Cao, L. Zhao and A. Cichocki, “Visualization of dynamic brain activities based on

single-trial MEG and EEG data analysis”, ISSN 2006, Springer LNCS 3973, pp

531-540, 2006.

H. Lee, Y.-D. Kim, A. Cichocki, and S. Choi, “Nonnegative tensor factorization for

continuous EEG classification”, International Journal of Neural Systems, Vol. 17,

No. 4, pp. 1-13, (2007).

W.L. Woon and A. Cichock i, “Novel Features for Brain Computer Interfaces”,

Journal of Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2007 (accepted)

W.L .Woon and A. Cichocki, “Temporal complexity features for Brain Computer

Interfaces”, 2006

F.B. Vialatte, T. Musha, and A. Cichocki, “Sparse Bump Sonification: A New Tool

for Multichannel EEG Diagnosis of Brain Disorders”, Artificial Intelligence in

Medicine, 2009

Websites & Online PDFs:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interface

research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/redmond/groups/cue/bci/

www.emotiv.com/

computer.howstuffworks.com/brain-computer-interface.htm

www.ece.ubc.ca/~garyb/BCI.htm

www.quora.com/How-do-current-brain-computer-interfaces-work

http://curiosity.discovery.com/question/what-is-brain-computer-interface

www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120228114203.htm

http://www.bsp.brain.riken.jp/%7Ecia/recent.html#bci

http://www.bettercotton.org/files/Regions/India/BCI_India_RWG2_report_final_eng _ext.pdf

www.iaeng.org/publication/.../WCECS2009_pp275-279.pdf

cscbc2006.cs.queensu.ca/assets/documents/Papers/paper123.pdf

dsp-book.narod.ru/WVT/BZ.pdf



http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/redmond/groups/cue/bci/


http://www.emotiv.com/


http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/computer.howstuffworks.com/brain-computer-interface.htm


http://www.ece.ubc.ca/~garyb/BCI.htm


http://www.quora.com/How-do-current-brain-computer-interfaces-work




http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120228114203.htm


http://www.bsp.brain.riken.jp/~cia/recent.html#bci


http://www.bettercotton.org/files/Regions/India/BCI_India_RWG2_report_final_eng_ext.pdf





http://www.iaeng.org/publication/.../WCECS2009_pp275-279.pdf


http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/cscbc2006.cs.queensu.ca/assets/documents/Papers/paper123.pdf


http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5/dsp-book.narod.ru/WVT/BZ.pdf



















May 27, 2012

Author’s Profile:

Mr. Ashish Kumar Sethi, Student of B.Tech(IT )in JCDM College of Engineering, Sirsa.

He published 01 Poster & 05 Research Papers in National; 01 Paper in International

Conferences & 02 Papers in Online Journals.

Guide’s Profile:

Mr. Anil Kumar Kamboj, Working as Associate Professor & Head, IT Department in

JCDM College of Engineering, Sirsa. He is very quick in research matters. They guidedmany students for Training Projects, Research Papers, Seminars as well as Research

Manuals. They have also written book on Network Survivability. His Research Topic wasSurvivability of Network in his Ph.D. He also published a numbers of Research Papers on

various topics.

Ms. Richa Garg, working as Assistant Professor in Electronics & Communication Deptt.,JCDM College of Engineering, Sirsa. She also published a numbers of Research Papers in

National & International Conferences.

http://www.facebook.com/sethiashu


http://www.jcdv.org/


http://www.sirsa24x7.com/


















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