ð  REPORT  OF  STUDY  TOUR  TO  VIETNAM  

FOR    (09TH-­‐  14TH  AUGUST,  2015)                                                                                          IMPLEMENTATION  OF  SIYB  PROGRAMME            

SUBMITTED  BY:  RUCHIRA  CHANDRA,  CONSULTANT                                                                                                          NATIONAL  SKILL  DEVELOPMENT  AGENCY  (NSDA),  GOVERNMENT  OF  INDIA,  NEW  DELHI                                                                                                  

EMAIL:  (RUCHIRA.CHANDRA@NIC.IN  )  

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Table  of  Contents      1.  Objective  of  the  Study  Tour…………………………………………..………………………………………3    2.  Introduction  to  SIYB  Programme………………..…………………………………………………………3    3.  About  Vietnam………………………………………………………………………………………………………5    4.  Overview  of  Vietnam’s  Socio-­‐  Economic  Development  Plan  for  2011-­‐15  

4.1  Overall  objectives……………………………………………………………………………………………….6  

4.2  Main  targets……………………………………………………………………………………………………….7  

 

5.Details  of  the  visit    

5.1  Meeting  with  General  Department  of  Vocational  Training  (GDVT)……………………..8  

5.2  Visit  to  Hanoi  Industrial  Vocational  College……………………………………………………….11  

5.3  Meeting  with  Hai  Phong  Labour  &  Social  Department  –DOLISA………………………..13  

5.4  Visit  to  Hai  Phong  Industrial  Vocational  College………………………………………………..14  

5.5  Visit  to  Peoples  Committee,  Vinh  Bao  District,  Hai  Phong  Province…………………..15  

5.6  Meeting  with  Women  Union…………………………………………………………………………….16  

 

6.  Suggestive  steps  and  way  forward  for  SIYB  Programme  in  India………………………….16    

Annexure  1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..19  

Annexure  2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..22  

     

               

 

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 1.Objective  of  the  Study  tour:    

 International   Labour   Organization   (ILO)   is   the   UN   specialized   agency   dealing   with  work   and   workplace   issues,   and   related   rights   and   standards.   India   is   founding  member  of  ILO  and  has  been  a  permanent  member  of  the  ILO  Governing  body.  The  ILO  office  in  India  was  established  in  1928  and  is,  at  present  composed  of  two  teams-­‐  the  Decent  Work  Team  (DWT)  which  provides  technical  support  to  India  and  other  South   Asian   countries   and   the   Country   Office   (CO)   which   is   responsible   for   ILO  activities  in  India.    The   New   Delhi   Office   of   ILO   had   sponsored   a   study   tour   for   5   Indian   officials   of  Government   of   India   Ministries   and   State   Governments   to   Vietnam   between   the  period   9th   August-­‐   14th   August,   2015.   The   objective   of   the   tour   was   to   learn   and  share  experiences  of   ILO’s  Start  and   Improve  Your  Business   (SIYB)  programme  and  the   Million   Farmers   initiative   in   Vietnam.   The   SIYB   programme   is   proving   to   be  successful   in   Vietnam   in   collaboration   with   ILO   and   General   Department   for  Vocational   Training   (GDVT).   The   study   tour   was   aimed   to   understand   the   model  being  adopted  in  Vietnam  and  to  come  up  with  approach  that  could  be  adopted  in  India   to   give   a   boost   to   Skill   Development   and   Entrepreneurship   efforts   in   the  country.    2.  Introduction  to  SIYB  Programme  

 Start  and  Improve  Your  Business  Program  (SIYB)  is  a  management-­‐training  program  with  a  focus  on  starting  and  improving  micro  and  small  businesses  as  a  strategy  for  creating   more   and   more   better   employment   in   developing   economies   and  economies   in   transition.   Its  origin  goes  back   to  early  1970s  and   today   it   is  used   in  almost  100  countries.  The  overall  program  objective   is   to  “Contribute   to  economic  development  and  to  the  creation  of  new  and  better  jobs”.  The  immediate  objectives  are:  

 Ø To   enable   local   Vocational   Training   Service   Providers   and   Business  

Development   Service   (BDS)   organizations,   and   among   them   explicitly  women’s   organizations,   to   effectively   and   independently   implement  business  start-­‐ups  and  improvement  of  training  and  related  activities  for  potential  and  existing  entrepreneurs;  and  

Ø To   enable   potential   and   existing   small   entrepreneurs,   both  women   and  men,  through  these  SIYB  partner  organizations  to  start  viable  businesses  and  to   increase  the  viability  and  profitability  of  existing  enterprises,  and  to  create  quality  employment  for  others  in  the  process.  

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 SIYB  programme  is  introduced  in  100  countries  in  Africa,  Asia,  the  Caribbean  Europe,  Latin  America,  the  Middle  East,  North  America  and  the  Pacific.  Earlier  version  of  SIYB  was  IYB  that  was  introduced  in  India  in  1980s.  It  was  reintroduced  in  2007-­‐08  as  part  of  UN/ILO  collaboration.  Target  group  for  the  SIYB  programmes  comprises  of-­‐  Local  vocational   and   entrepreneurship   training   and   BDS   organizations   as   Direct   target  group  and  Potential  and  existing  micro  and  small  entrepreneurs  as   Intended  target  group.      

   SIYB   is   comprised  of   four   training  packages,  which  are  designed   to   respond   to   the  progressive  stages  of  business  development:    

§ Generate  Your  Business  (GYB)-­‐  How  to  generate  a  feasible  business  idea  § Start  Your  Business  (SYB)-­‐  How  to  write  a  simple  business  plan  § Improve   Your   Business   (IYB)-­‐   How   to   set   up   a   basic   business  

management  system  § Expand  Your  Business  (EYB)-­‐  How  to  develop  a  business  growth  plan  

 

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3.  About  Vietnam    

   

The   Gross   Domestic   Product   (GDP)   in  Vietnam  was  worth   1   86.20   billion   US   dollars   in   2014.   The   GDP   value   of   Vietnam  represents  0.30  percent  of  the  world  economy.  GDP  in  Vietnam  averaged  55.42  USD  Billion  from  1985  until  2014,  reaching  an  all  time  high  of  186.20  USD  Billion  in  2014  and  a  record  low  of  6.30  USD  Billion  in  1989  (as  reported  by  the  World  Bank).  

Vietnam  (officially   the  Socialist  Republic   of   Vietnam)   is   the  easternmost   country   on  the  Indochina   Peninsula  in  Southeast  Asia.  With   an  estimated  90.5  million  inhabitants   as   of   2014,   it   is   the  world's  13th-­‐most-­‐populous   country,  and   the  eighth-­‐most-­‐populous   Asian  country.   The   country   is   bordered   by  China   to   the   north,  Laos  to   the  northwest,  Cambodia  to   the  southwest,   and  Malaysia  across  the  South  China  Sea  to  the  southeast.  

Its   capital   city   has   been  Hanoi  since  the   reunification   of  North  and  South  Vietnam  in  1976.  

 

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   4.  Overview  of  Vietnam’s  Socio-­‐  Economic  Development  Plan  for  2011-­‐15  

In   formulating   and   implementing   the   five-­‐year   2011-­‐2015   socio-­‐economic  development   plan,   Vietnam   has   enjoyed   elemental   advantages   from   the  achievements  recorded  during  the  past  25  years  of  pursuing  Doi  Moi  (renovation)  as  well   as   from   the   implementation   of   the   10-­‐year   socio-­‐economic   development  strategy   and   the   five-­‐year   2006-­‐2010   plan.   Socio-­‐political   stability   in   Vietnam   has  enabled   the   country   to   bring   into   full   play   potentials   and   advantages   of   its  agriculture  and  farm  product  export  during  the  course  of  industrialization  and  make  it   easier   to   attract   foreign   investment   and   develop   domestic   market   in   a   fast  manner.    

 

Forecast   for   2012   and   the   following   years   have  warned   that   the   increasing   public  debt   crisis   and   inflation   in   many   countries   would   not   only   slow   down   global  economic   recovery  but  would  potentially  drag  global  economy   in  a  new  recession.  Therefore,   the   implementation  of   the  five-­‐year  plan  of  Vietnam  is  aimed  to  closely  follow   the   objectives,   targets,   tasks,   and   solutions   as   determined   in   the   11th  National   Congress   of   the   Communist   Party   of   Vietnam;   leadership   and   directions  centralized  in  a  more  drastic  manner  with  appropriate  steps  being  taken  to  create  a  strength   that   can   help   realize   the   overall   objectives,   targets,   three   breakthroughs  and  12  orientations  of  the  socio-­‐economic  development  strategy  for  the  2011  –  2020  period.  

4.1  Overall  objectives  

Ø Economy   to   be   developed   in   a   rapid,   sustainable   manner   coupled   with  innovating  growth  model.    

Ø Social  welfare  and  social  security  will  be  ensured  while  material  and  spiritual  life  of  the  people  continue  to  be  improved.    

 

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Ø Diplomatic   activities   will   be   enhanced   to   promote   the   efficiency   of  international  integration.    

Ø Independence,  sovereignty,  unification  and  territorial   integrity  will  be  firmly  defended   and   political   security   and   social   order   and   safety   be  maintained,  thus  creating  a  foundation  for  the  country  to  basically  become  a  modernity-­‐oriented  industrial  nation  by  2020.      

During   the   first   two  or   three   years,   the  plan   focuses  on   realizing   the  objectives  of  stabilizing   the  macro-­‐economy,  ensuring   social   security,   achieving  a  proper  growth  rate   and   strongly   expediting   economic   restructuring   and   growth  model   shifting.   In  the  next  two  or  three  years,   it  aims  for  the  basic  accomplishment  of  the  economic  restructure   to   serve   rapid   and   sustainable  development   and  make  growth,  macro-­‐economic  stabilization  and  social  security  goals  harmonize.  

 

4.2  Main  targets  

4.2.1  Economic  targets:    

§ Gross  Domestic  Product  (GDP)  averages  approximately  6.5%-­‐7%  a  year  in  the  five-­‐year  time.  

§ Social  investment  in  2011-­‐2015  accounts  for  around  33.5%-­‐35%  of  GDP.  § Trade  deficit  was  slashed  since  2012  and  will  be  maintained  at  below  10%  of  

export  turnover  by  2015.  § Budget  overspending   will   be   kept   at   below   4.5%  of   GDP  in   2015   (including  

Government  bonds).  § Energy  use  and  real  GDP  will  be  narrowed  by  2.5%-­‐3%  a  year.  § The   proportion   of   high-­‐tech   products  will   account   for   around   30%   of   total  

industrial   production   value   and   the   rate  of   technological   innovation  will   be  13%  per  year.  

§ Social  labor  productivity  by  2015  will  be  29%  -­‐32%  higher  than  that  of  2010.  § Collected  tax  and  fee  contributions  to  the  State  budget  will  not  exceed  22%  -­‐

23%  of  GDP  a  year.  § Public  debt  by  2015  will  not  exceed  65%  of  GDP,  Government  debt  will  not  

surpass  50%  of  GDP,  and  national  debt  will  not  go  beyond  50%  of  GDP.  § The  consumer  price  index  will  rise  by  5%  -­‐7%  by  2015.  

 

4.2.2  Social  targets  

§ Eight  million  people  to  get  jobs  in  five  years.  § Unemployment  rate  of  urban  people  at  the  working  age  to  stand  below  4%  

by  2015.  § The  rate  of  trained  laborers  in  the  workforce  to  reach  55%  by  2015.  

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§ People’s  actual  income  by  2015  to  see  a  2-­‐2.5  fold  rise  from  2010.  § Poor   households   to   be   reduced   in   a   fast   and   sustainable  manner,   by   2%   a  

year  on  average  and  by  4%  a  year  in  poverty  and  extreme  difficulties-­‐striken  districts  and  communes.  

§ Housing   floor   space  by   2015   to   be   22sq.m   per   capita   on   average   and   it   is  26sq.m  per  capita  in  urban  areas  on  average.  

§ Population  will  grow  by  1  %  by  2015.  § By  2015,  eight  doctors  will   take  care   for  over  10,000  people  and  23  patient  

beds  (excluding  beds  of  commune  health  station)  will  be  provided  for  10,000  people.    

4.2.3  Environmental  targets  

§ Forest  coverage  rate  by  2015  will  be  around  42%-­‐43%.  § By  2015,  85  percent  of  heavily  environment  polluters  will  be  handled.  

 

4.2.4  Other  targets  

The  Government   is  assigned  to  consider  and  decide  on  other  economic,   social  and  environmental  targets  and  submit  an  annual  report  on  implementation  results  to  the  National  Assembly.  

 5.Details  of  the  visit      5.1  Meeting  with  General  Department  of  Vocational  Training   (GDVT),  Ministry  of  Labour,  War  Invalids  and  Social  Affairs,  11th  Aug  2015  (09:30  am-­‐  12:30  pm)    

− Overview  of  GDVT    The  General  Department  of  Vocational  Training  (GDVT)  is  a  government  department  headed   by   the  Ministry   of   Labour,  War   Invalids   and   Social   Affairs   (MoLISA).   In   its  capacity   as   a   governmental   agency,  MoLISA  administrates   state   management  regarding   employment,   vocational   training,   labour,   salaries   and   wages,   social  insurance,  contributors  in  revolution,  labour  safety,  social  protection,  child  care  and  protection,   gender   equality,   anti-­‐social   vices   in   the   country;   state  management   of  public  services  in  fields  pertaining  to  management  of  MoLISA.  The  functions  of  GDVT  include  advising  the  Minister  of  MoLISA  on  state  management  of  vocational  training,  regarding  objectives,   programmes,   content,   plans,   quality   of   training,   occupational  skills,   standards   of   teachers,   vocational   management   staff,   enrolment   and  examination   regulations,   diploma   systems,   certificates,   listing   training  occupations,  

 

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facilities   and   training   equipment   and   puts   into   effect   state  management   tasks   for  vocational  training  as  prescribed  by  law.    

− Discussion  with  GDVT    In  Vietnam  almost  80%  of  employed  population  is  engaged  in  Agriculture  (approx.  23  million)  and  a  number  of  agriculture  products  are  exported  to  other  countries.  GDVT  focuses  on  enhancing  skills  of  farmers  and  workers  in  agriculture  to  give  boost  to  the  economy  of  rural  areas.    

   As  per  the  discussions  on  Vocational  education/  training,  till  2014      

     The   figures   are   quite   encouraging   and   illustrate   the   importance   and   need   of  entrepreneurial  skills  in  agriculture/  rural  areas  in  Vietnam.  In  order  to  create  more  jobs   and   entrepreneurial   activity   in   rural   areas,   Vietnamese   Government   has  adopted  the  SIYB  programme  in  2011.  Under  this  programme  the  government  plans  to  train  one  million  farmers  per  year  between  2011  and  2020.  The  Government  is  spending  remarkable  money  in  this  programme.    

Improving  skills  of  farmers/  workers  

Development  of  Agriculture  

Development  of  Rural  Areas  

2.2  million  farmers/  workers  

• Trained  in  Vocanonal  Educanon  

1  million  farmers  

• Own  their  businesses  

20,000  farmers  

• Established  Companies  

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 Photo:  GDVT  office,  Hanoi    Under   the   implementation   model   currently   agreed   upon   by   GDVT   and   ILO,   all  trainees  of  the  Million  Farmers  Programme  have  an  introductory  training  on  how  to  generate  business   ideas   (through  the  GYB  component)  and  marketable  products   in  conjunction  with   a   vocational   training   component.   Those   trainees  who   are  willing  and   are   able   to   set   up   an   enterprise   after   this   first   training   intervention   then   go  through   an   additional   one   week   training   to   develop   a   marketable   business   plan  (through  SYB  component).      

     

       

− SIYB  roll  out  process  in  Vietnam    

For  SIYB  roll  out,  the  initiative  relies  on  a  core  group  of  “Master  Trainers”  who  train  Trainers  within  the  training  institutions  affiliated  to  the  GDVT  (colleges,  schools  and  centres).   The   Trainers   further   deliver   GYB   and   SYB   trainings   to   rural   framers/  workers   in   conjunction   with   vocational   training.   Master   Trainers   are   of   key  importance  in  this  entire  process  as  they  not  only  provide  Training  of  Trainers  (ToT)  workshops,  but  also  crucially  help  in  quality  assurance  through  trainer  selection  and  follow  up  support.  Master  Trainers  also  play  a  key  role  in  monitoring  the  outcomes  

Vocational  Training  +  GYB  

Wage  Employment  

Self  Employment/  SME  Start  ups  (SYB)  

 

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of   training   in   terms   of   new   skills   acquired,   new   start-­‐ups,   performance   of   existing  farms  and  rural  enterprises  improved.      

   

− Roles  of  ILO  and  GDVT    As  based  on  the  agreement  between  ILO  and  GDVT,  the  role  of  ILO  is  to  help  GDVT  to   create   the   internal   capacity   to   roll   out   entrepreneurship   and   business   skills  training   for   farmers   at   a   large   scale.   This   included   material   adaption   for   the  programme  context  and  building  up  a  cadre  of  certified  Master  Trainers.  The  GDVT  is  responsible   for   actual   roll   out   at   the   potential   entrepreneur   level   through   courses  delivered   in   structures   affiliated   to   it.  Mobilizing   people   for   the   programme   is   an  important  activity  undertaken  by  GDVT  which   includes  channels   like  TV  and  Radio.  For   the   programme,   GDVT   also   liaisons   with   other   ministries   like   Agriculture,  Industry,  Women,  Disability,  Commerce  etc.      Key  Target  to  GDVT:  3,00,000-­‐  6,00,000  farmers  trained  in  1st  year  to  be  up  scaled  to  1  million  per  year    5.2 Visit   to  Hanoi   Industrial  Vocational  College,  11th  August  2015   (01:30  pm-­‐  4:30  

pm)  During   the   visit,   we  met   representatives   from   Hanoi   People’s   Committee,  Master  Trainers,   Trainers   and   other   officials   of   Hanoi   Industrial   Vocational   College.   The  college   is  one  of   the  oldest   colleges,   celebrated  40th  anniversary   last  year.   It  has  8  faculty   and   5   departments   namely   Mechanical,   Electronics,   Auto   Technology,   IT,  Economics  &  Business.  It   is  the  State  College,  managed  by  Peoples  Committee.  The  

college   has   strong   international   collaboration   with   countries   like   U.K,   Korea   and  Japan.  

High  Experts-­‐  14  

Medium  Experts-­‐  80  

Experts-­‐  300  

The  Vietnamese  Government  places  great  emphasis  on  Trainers  and  enhancing  their  capacity  to  achieve  the  targets  of  Million  Farmers  Initiative.  The  benefit  of   this   approach   is   that   the  Government   is   getting  itself   equipped   with   training   capacity   to   further  effectively  impart  SIYB  training  to  farmers/  workers.  Based  of   their   proficiency,   trainers   are   categorized  in   3   levels.   The   target   number   of   master   trainers  and   trainers   (by   2020)   to   be   achieved   by   the  Government  is  16  and  800  respectively.    

23  Vocational  Courses,  2000  Students  enrolments/  year,  270  Teachers  &  Staff  

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 Photo:  Training  facility  in  Hanoi  Vocational  College    We  met  one  master  Trainer  and  2  Trainers   in  the  College.  Vocational  Colleges  play  important   role   in  SIYB  programmes  as   they  act  as  pool  of   trainers.  On  an  average,  each   trainer   takes   3-­‐4   batch   of   SIYB   programme   and   trains   20   beneficiaries  (approx.)/  batch.  For   the  programme,   in  villages  Peoples  Committee  space   is  being  used.  

 

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 Photo:  Hanoi  Industrial  Vocational  College    

− Some  of  the  challenges  mentioned  by  Master  Trainers  and  Trainers  are:    § Location  § Different  Educational  levels  of  beneficiaries  § Same  batch  with  people  of  different  ages  (18-­‐  50  years)  § Lack  of  teaching  facilities  and  infrastructure  at  some  places  

 5.3 Meeting   with   Hai   Phong   Labour   &   Social   Department   –DOLISA,   12th   August  

2015  (08:30-­‐  10:30  am)    Hai   Phong   is   an   industrial   province   of   Vietnam.   Total   number   of   teachers   in  Vocational  colleges   in  the  province  is  3,000  with  student   intake  capacity  of  38,000-­‐  40,000.   Till   2013-­‐14,   120   trainers   have   been   trained   (teachers/   Economic  Department)   and   60   farmers   have   been   trained   in   Service   Sector   (home   made  products)   under   SIYB   programme.   There   is   great   demand   of   SIYB   programme   in   8  districts  of  Hai  Phong  (out  of  total  14  districts),  owing  to  the  growth  in  industrial  and  

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agricultural  sector  and   it   is  expected  that  till  2020,  60%  workers  would  be  covered  under  the  SIYB  programme.      

 Photo:  Study  tour  participants  with  officials  of  DOLISA,  Hai  Phong    

 5.4 Visit   to  Hai   Phong   Industrial   Vocational   College,   12th  August   2015   (10:30   am-­‐  

12:30  pm)      In  the  vocational  college,  we  met  some  of  the  SIYB  trainers  in  the  province.  Ms.  Vo  Hang   for   example   is   head   of   Quality   assurance   at   the   vocational   college   and   is   a  trainer    (level  2)  for  SIYB  programme.  She  has  trained  farmers/  workers  in  villages  for  service   sector   and   home   made   products.   Some   of   the   additional   support  components  of  the  SIYB  trainings  described  by  her  are:    

§ To  enable  farmers  to  select  home  made  products  that  have  high  potential  for  export  (since  Vietnamese  market  is  small  to  consume  all  the  products)  

§ To  initiate  the  concept  of  clubbing  small  outputs  of  individual  farmers  so  that  they  have  more  bargaining  power  in  the  market  

§ To  link  farmers/workers  with  credit  facilities    This  kind  of  support   is  very  essential  as   in  absence  of  these,  a  person  would  not  be  able  to  start/run/sustain  the  business  successfully.  

During  discussions,  it  was  brought  out  that  w.r.t  to  Policy#  971  of  Prime  Minister’s  decision,   from   July   2015   SIYB   component  would  be   integrated   into   all  Vocational  Courses.    

 

 

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 During  discussions  with  other   trainers,   it  was  brought  out   that   in  a  village  word  of  mouth   plays   a   very   important   role   in   motivating   people   to   join   the   programme.  Some  of   the   difficulties   on   the   field  while   SIYB   training   and   its   implementation   as  identified  by  the  trainers  are:    

§ Lack  of  infrastructure  facilities  such  as  computers  etc.  § People   at   first   instance   don’t   want   to   change   their   business   habits   and   it  

takes  lot  of  effort  for  trainers  to  convince  them  § Accessibility  of  market  to  buy  ingredients    § Authority/position  of  master  trainers/  trainers  

 5.5 Visit  to  Peoples  Committee,  Vinh  Bao  District,  Hai  Phong  Province,  12th  August  

2015  (02:30  pm-­‐  06:00  pm)    A  visit  was  made  to  Peoples  Committee  to  understand  how  the  SIYB  programme  is  getting   implemented   at   that   level.   Peoples   Committee   plays   an   important   role   in  mobilizing   the   people   for   SIYB   programme   and   facilitate   link   between   GDVT   and  direct  beneficiary.      

 Photo:  Peoples  Committee,  Vinh  Bao  District  

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 As  part  of  the  visit  we  also  met  one  of  the  ILO’s  business  plan  winner,  Mr.  Duong.    He  had  been  given  grant  of  $20,000  to  implement  his  business  idea.  As  a  result  of  this  he  is  able  to  purchase  new  machinery  and  do  value  addition.  Now  instead  of  selling  his  produce  (sedge  mat)  alone  he  clubs  produce  from  other  35  farmers,  do  the  value  addition  and  then  sell  them  together  in  the  market.  This  has  facilitated  him  to  have  greater   bargaining   power   in   the  market   with   reduced   production   cost   and   better  quality.    

   Photo:  Sedge  mat  production  with  value  addition    5.7 Meeting  with  Women  Union,  12th  August  2015  (08:00  pm-­‐  09:00  pm)    A  brief  meeting  was  organized  with  women  union  to  understand  the  function  and  its  role   in   SIYB   programme.   As   women   constitute   a   remarkable   %   of   workforce,  understanding  this  aspect  was  very  important  and  critical.    6.  Suggestive  steps  and  way  forward  for  SIYB  Programme  in  India    The   study   tour   to   Vietnam   has   enabled   to   see   the   implementation   of   SIYB  programme  in  Vietnam,  challenges  faced  and  future  strategy.    In   Indian  Contest,   successful   implementation  of  SIYB  programme   is   very   important  owing  to  the  demographic  dividend  which  our  country  posses.  India  is  one  of  the  few  countries   in   the   world   where   the   working   age   population   will   be   far   in   excess   of  those  dependent  on  them  and,  as  per  the  World  Bank,  this  will  continue  for  at  least  three  decades  till  2040.  This  has  increasingly  been  recognized  as  a  potential  source  of  significant  strength  for  the  national  economy,  provided  we  are  able  to  equip  and  continuously  upgrade  the  skills  of  the  population  in  the  working  age  group.      Talking   about   the   outcomes   of   skill   training,   most   important   and   critical   factor   is  employment/placement.   This   includes   both   the   wage   employment   and   self-­‐employment.  Wage  employment  cannot  fulfill   the  entire  employment  needs  of  the  

 

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country   and   hence   it   is   high   time   that   importance   and   focus   is   given   to   self-­‐employment  and  entrepreneurship.  In  this  effort,  SIYB  programme  would  be  a  very  useful  tool  to  create  new  jobs   in  the  country.  Features  of  SIYB  that  makes   it  highly  outcome  oriented  and  suitable  in  Indian  context  are:  

   As  SIYB  is  in  starting  phase  of  implementation  in  the  country,  some  of  the  suggestive  steps  to  take  it  forward  could  be:  

 Ø Measuring  impact  so  that  it  is  example  for  others:    

§ The   actual   impact   of   the   programme   would   be-­‐   how   many   new  enterprises   have   started,   how   much   is   the   incremental   income   of   the  enterprises  after  SIYB  programme  and  after  a  time  period  say  6  months,  what  is  their  sustainability.  This  needs  to  be  captured  and  monitored  with  a  robust  system  in  place.  

§ How  the  finances  are  getting  linked  to  start  enterprise  of  own  § How  well  they  are  able  to  market  their  products  

SIYB  value  proposibon  

Follow  up  aser  training  

M  &  E  system    

Training  by  ILO  Cernfied  Master  Trainers  and  

Trainers      

Modular  set  of  course  

Material  based  training    

Mulnlingual  Course  material  

Short  duranon  of  training  

Customized  Training  as  per  the  need  Low  Cost  

training  

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 Ø Develop  pool  of  quality  trainers  in  the  country  and  target  setting:  

§ One   of   the   strategies   that   have   been   adopted   by   Vietnamese  Government  is  to  create  pool  of  master  trainers  and  trainers  who  would  further   train   the   beneficiaries.   In   India,   having   quality   trainers   with  requisite   skills   is   one   of   the   challenges.   SIYB   programme   can   help   in  overcome  that  challenge  and  setting  up  the  targets.    

Ø Inclusion  of  SIYB  programme  into  Industrial  Training  Institutes  (ITIs)  course  curriculum:  § In  most   of   the   vocational   courses   of   ITIs,   there   is   “employability   skills”  

component   in   which   aspects   like   entrepreneurship   and   starting   own  business   are   taught.   But   getting   quality   trainers   to   teach   these   course  contents  is  very  difficult.    

§ Inclusion   of   SIYB   programme   into   this   component   needs   to   be   worked  out.  

§ Some  pilots  could  be  initiated  in  this  regard.    

Ø Integrating   SIYB   programme   into   Centrally   sponsored/   State   run   Skill  Development  schemes/  programmes  § 22  Central  Ministries  run  approximately  73  schemes/  programmes  of  skill  

Development.    All  of  the  schemes  have  self-­‐employment  as  outcomes  and  hence   it   would   be   useful   to   explore   integration   of   SIYB   component  (suitable  modules)  into  those  programmes/  schemes.  

§ I  was  part  of  an  advisory  team  to  a  consultant  hired  by  ILO  India  office  to  study   these   schemes   and   the   study   report   submitted   by   the   consultant  having   recommendations   and   implementation   strategy   for   SIYB  programme.  This  can  be  used  as  a  base  document.  

§ Similar  mapping  and  integration  plan  could  be  made  as  part  of  State  run  programmes/  schemes.  

 Ø Partnership  with  National  Skill  Development  Agency  (NSDA):  

§ In  this  regard  some  kind  of  arrangement  could  be  made  between  ILO  and  NSDA.  The  NSDA  works  to  create  an  ecosystem  for  skilling  in  the  country  with  impetus  on  quality  and  outcomes.  Suitable  arrangement  with  NSDA  could  facilitate  in  driving  some  of  the  policy  level  decisions.