reproduction notes. i. asexual reproduction definition – reproduction without sex! a partner is...
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Reproduction Notes
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I. Asexual Reproduction Definition – reproduction without sex! A
partner is not needed and there is no exchange of DNA.
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Benefit – fast and easy!
Drawback – no genetic diversity; your offspring are identical to you EVERYTIME!
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Examples of Asexual Reproduction
A. Regeneration
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B. Formation of Spores
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C. Plant Asexual Reproduction
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II. Sexual Reproduction
Definition – creating an organism by combining the genetic material of 2 organisms. Fusion of gametes.
Gametes are reproductive cells (sperm or egg)
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Benefits – produces DIVERSITY in a species
Drawback - slow and sometimes difficult
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Examples of Sexual Reproduction
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BACK TO HUMANS
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Sperm Cells Contribute half of father’s DNA (23 chromosomes) Formed during a process of cell division called
meiosis The combination of genes is different in every
single sperm
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Egg Cells (Ova) Contribute half of mother’s DNA (23
chromosomes) Also formed during meiosis Each egg is different!
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Fertilization fusion of egg and sperm forms a cell called a zygote
(egg) 23 chromosomes + (sperm) 23 chromosomeszygote with 46 chromosomes
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Identical Twins One sperm One egg Zygote splits in 2 Same DNA
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Fraternal Twins 2 eggs 2 sperm Each develops into
a baby with a unique set of genes and traits!
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Formation of the Fetus The zygote goes through a series of cell
divisions called mitosis. Cells eventually differentiate into different cell
types.
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Gender Father determines baby’s gender Men XY and Women XX
50% chance of either!