research review for health care finance and organizations boston college law school january 29, 2010...
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Research Review for Health Care Finance and Organizations
Boston College Law SchoolJanuary 29, 2010Joan Shear, Legal Information Librarian and Lecturer in Law
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Where to Start
Figure out what you’re looking for
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What is legal research?
The search for authority:
to predict a likely outcome
to advise a client
or
to advocate for a client
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Finding a Topic
Current awareness services, especially from relevant topical reporters, can stimulate creative thoughts.
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Topical Services
Bureau of National Affairs (BNA) services such as United States Law WeekAlso available electronically.
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Topical Sevices
CCH (Commerce Clearing House) publishes a number of relevant titles such as the Medicare and Medicaid Guide, now available through CCH IntelliConnect
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You must be on campus to register. Once registered, you can access from anywhere
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Log in to sign up for current awareness services
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Click on the Add/Modify Tracker link in this pane to customize your current awareness results
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Click on the target icon to customize your trackers even more
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Click OK in this box and Add Tracker in the next to process your selections
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Building a Foundation
Understand facts
Understand legal terms - legal dictionaries, words and phrases
Understand general legal principles and what general areas of law are involved - general secondary sources
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The Main Event
Types of Authority
Primary(Can be binding)
Secondary(Can only be persuasive)
Sources
ConstitutionsCasesStatutesRegulationsCommentaries
e.g. Law Reviews
Background Materialse.g., Legislative Histories
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Most lawyers start secondary
Secondary sources:Are easier to read and understandAre well organized Contain cites to primary materialsLead you to leading cases
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Treatises (Books)
Used for:
general overview
citations to primary sources
persuasive authority
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Find Books in QUEST
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QUEST – Tip
Search the Full Library Catalog to find everything available at B.C.
Law Library Catalog restricts you to items in the Law Library and internet resources.
If Quest doesn’t have what you need, try changing to the WorldCat database in the “Other Library Resources” section and request books thorough interlibrary loan.
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Search types
KeywordAuthorTitleSubject HeadingMany more options
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QUEST – Tip
Start with keyword searches
Use index browses when you only know the beginning of a title or when you want to browse a list of authors, titles, or a known Library of Congress Subject Heading
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Subject Headings
Can lead you to relevant information regardless of the exact words in the title.
For example: Health services administrationUsed for: health administration, health
care administration, health care management, health services management
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Subject Headings
Like author and title searches, subject headings read left to right and automatically truncate, so you need to know the correct term
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Subject Headings
But they are very hard to predictFor example: For Health insurance,
Use Insurance, Health But Health insurance claims
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QUEST – Tip
Incorporate words from the known subject headings into a well-crafted keyword search to improve both accuracy and precision of your search
Some suggested subject headings are found in the LibGuide
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QUEST – Tip
Chose Advanced search for field-restrictors, and more sophisticated keyword searching.
Remember that truncation is not automatic in keyword searches.
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Shelf Browsing
Recommended call numbers allow you to browse the books on the shelves.
KF – American LawRA – Public aspects of medicine
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Shelf Browsing
Remember that books can only be in one place at a time, but can have multiple subject headings, so supplement browsing with catalog searches.
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Law Reviews
Uses
recent developments
citations to primary sources
persuasive authority
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Start with Indexes
Indexes lead you to articles about a particular topic.
Full text searching leads you to any use of a term.
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Law Review Indexes - ILP
Index to Legal Periodicals & Books(back to 1980) through Westlaw - ILPLexis - Index to Legal PeriodicalsILP and ILP Retrospective can be accessed through Alphabetical Databases Link
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Law Review Indexes - CLI
Current Law Index Westlaw – LRI
Lexis – Legal Resource IndexAlphabetical List of Databases – LegalTrak
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Law Review Indexes - CILP
Current Index to Legal Periodicals
Westlaw – CILP Alphabetical List of Databases – Current Index to Legal Preiodicals
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Law Reviews - Full Text
WESTLAWTP-ALL
contains: law reviews, texts, American Law Reports (ALR), legal encyclopedias (American Jurisprudence 2d and Corpus Juris Secundum), CLE course materials, bar journals, and legal practice-oriented periodicals.
LEXISLAWREV;LGLPUB Legal Publications Group File
contains: law reviews, bar journals, ABA journals, legal newspapers, legal newsletters, specialty legal publications, and CLE materials
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In order to get access to browse or search materials, you must first select the appropriate practice areas
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You may select broad or narrower subjects, but you will only be able to browse or search what you select, so be over inclusive if necessary.
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Until you have some idea of the content of the service, try browsing to acquaint yourself with content.
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Statutes and Regulations
Annotated codes to find interpretive cases.
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American Law Reports (ALR)
Case Finding ToolProvides:historical background;citations to primary sources;structure/ organizationAvailable on Westlaw
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Case Finding - Digests
Digest SearchesUseful for finding cases under legal concepts and principles.Brings together cases with a variety of fact situations.
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Digest Searching on Westlaw
Digest topic: HealthKey Number: 470 (which stands for) Government assistance
—Medical assistance in general, Medicaid—eligibility for benefits
—Aliens
Write as 198Hk470 in Westlaw searches
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Full Text Searching
Relevancy Ranking
Search words
Weighted according to algorithms
To find “most” relevant based on ranking criteria
Terms and Connectors
Search words
Combined with Boolean connectors
To find all exact matches
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Terms and Connectors
When you need everything using particular terms
When terms are unique
When you want to include a field search
When you need to know how many cases use these terms
Connectors
Alternatives “or”
ConjunctionsJoining: “and” “&”Proximity: w/# /#Ordered Proximity:
pre/# +#Grammatical: /s /p
Exclusions “but not”
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Relevancy Ranking
When you don’t know much about a subjectWhen you don’t want just a casual mentionWhen you are willing to take a close matchWhen you need an extensive discussion
Westlaw and
Lexis call it --
Natural Language
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Updating
Do you have the latest information?
Check dates whether print or online.
Citator Services – KeyCite and Shepard's
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When to Stop
Don't stop too soon
Don't waste your time
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Any Questions?
Reference Librarians are on duty:
Monday - Thursday 9:00 - 8:00
Friday 9:00 - 5:00
Saturday and Sunday 1:00 - 5:00
617-552-2895
http://www2.bc.edu/~shearj