research talk bme symposium 2014_final2

7/24/2019 Research Talk BME Symposium 2014_final2

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Blast pressure wave-inducedMild Traumatic Brain Injury

Neveen AwadBME 3rdSymposium-20!


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2

e"#" Since 2002$ 3% &anadian soldiers 'ave (een )illed servin#in t'e A*#'anistan mission $ mostly due to road side (om(s

Military

It is a condition t'at can (e seen in

e"#" Bi# e+plosion occurred at

Sunrise ,ropane Toronto

Industrial

e"#" )la'oma city (om(in#

.omestic

Blast Injury


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Blast Injuries/ ,reparin# or T'e Inevita(le-EBMedicine"net 1 April 200 3

Injury Mec'anism in Blast Scenario

,rimary InjuryInjury *rom over-pressuriation 4(last wave5

impactin# t'e (ody sur*aceSecondary Injury

Tertiary Injury

t'er o(jects t'at are accelerated (y t'e e+plosive wave

6ictim7s (ody acceleration (y (last wind resultin# in

(ody propelled into surroundin# o(jects or #round8uaternary Injury9ypo+ia$ in'alation o* to+ic materials $ c'emical or

t'ermal (urn


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!

,rimary Blast injury

Blast wave directly in*iltrates t'e tissues wit'

a(sence o* e+ternal injuries

,ulmonary (arotrauma

Tympanic mem(rane rupture

r#an per*oration$ 'emorr'a#e

Traumatic Brain Injury 4TBI5

&enters *or disease control and prevention

Blast Injury Mec'anism


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:

actors .eterminin# severity o* Tissue .ama#e.istance (etween victim

and e+plosion

6ictim7s orientation to t'e(last

e"#" open versus closed space$

underwater$ or ur(an

Environment o* t'e (last

E+istence o* protective

(arriers

;ul*


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(jective

@nderstandin# t'e Brain7s

Biomec'anical esponses to

Blast wave


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=

esearc' outlines

Blast-Induced MildTBI

S'oc) Tu(eBrain

Model

,'ysical

9ead Model

.esi#n

&ali(ration

E-Model

;el Brain Model

Blast E+p"

E-Model

S)ull-BrainModel-Nec)

Blast E+p"

E-Model


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%

esearc' outlines


S'oc) Tu(eBrain

Model

,'ysical

9ead Model

.esi#n

&ali(ration

E-Model

Brain ;el Model

Blast E+p"

E-Model


Blast E+p"

E-Model


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S'oc) Tu(e .esi#n and &ali(ration

&ompression c'am(er2:0 mm lon#

E+pansion c'am(er2$000 mm lon#

illed wit' 'i#'ly compressed air

&ylindrical steel tu(e

200 mm outer diameter Two &'am(ers/

S'oc) Tu(e

Steel and Brass mem(ranes

40"2=$ 0"0=$ 0"02:mm t'ic)ness5

1

2

3 4

,ressure Transducers% ,ressure Transducers 4,T5

.ata Ac?uisition

2 systems eac' 'as ! c'annels


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S'oc) Tu(e-E+perimental esultsS'oc)


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S'oc) Tu(e-E+perimental esultsS'oc)


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S'oc) Tu(e-E+perimental esultsBlast S'oc)


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S'oc) Tu(e-E Analysis

So*tware

>S-.DNA

4a5

4(5

3

4e5

4*5

4a5

4(5

4c5

4d5

4e5

4*5


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!



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esearc' outlines


S'oc) Tu(eBrain

Model

,'ysical

9ead Model

.esi#n

&ali(ration

E-Model

Brain ;el Model

Blast E+p"

E-Model


Blast E+p"

E-Model


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=

Brain model-E+perimentalStudy

Sample ,reparation

inc' Silicone u((er S'eet

: speeds were tested40$ 20$ :0$ 00$ :0 mmCmin5

Instron S> 33

Silicone #el-&ompression test

Syl#ardF :2= A G B


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So#(esan$ E"/ .esi#n and Analysis o* Blast Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Mec'anism @sin# a Surro#ate 9ead*orm/

Instrumentation and utcomes" @niversity o* Ne(ras)a->incoln 4205

%

Brain Model-E+perimentalStudy

Stress-strain curve

Silicone #el-&ompression test

0 0"0: 0" 0": 0"20

0

0

0

0

0

00 mmCmin

20 mmCmin

:0 mmCmin

00 mmCmin

Strain 4mm5

Stress 4M,a5

0 20 :0 00 :00

0

0

0

0

0"0

0"0Doun#Hs Modulus Avera#e 4Mpa5

&ross'ead Speed 4mmCm5

9uman Brain 4E) 0"0023 MpaJ

Brain Silicone ;elModel

Syl#ardF :2= A G B

Brain model

Avera#e 'uman (rain 300 #


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Silicone ;el Brain ModelMec'anical responses o* t'e (rain only! scaled distances and t'ree di**erent (rain orientations

Steel mem(rane wit' 0"2=mm t'ic)ness were used

! pressure transducers were inserted in t'e (rain

ront

(ac)

>e*t side

i#'t side

Brain model-E+perimental Study

Bac)

ront

i#'t side>e*tside

,ressure transducersAccelerometer

S'oc) tu(e


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20

Brain model-E+perimental Study


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2

Brain Model-i#'t side rientation

Brain model-E+perimental esults

i#'tsideorientation-:0mm

,ressure transducers location

Avera#e,ositive,ea) ,ressure4),a5 i#'t side >e*t side ront Bac) 0

2!

%

0

2

!

%

20 i#'t side orientation at :00 mm

,ressure Transducers >ocation

Avera#e ,osi tive ,ea) ,ressure 4),a5

i#'t side >e*t side ront Bac) 0

2

3

!

:

=

%

i#'t side orientation at 000 mm


Avera#e ,ositive ,ea) ,ressure 4),a5

0

2

3!

:

=i#'t side orientation at :00 mm


Avera#e ,ositive ,ea) ,ress ure 4),a5


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22


-2

-0

-%

-

-!

-2

0

2

!

0

:

0

:

20

2:

30

2

3

!


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23

Brain model-E Model


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2!

Brain model-E Model


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2:

esearc' outlines


S'oc) Tu(eBrain

Model

,'ysical

9ead Model

.esi#n

&ali(ration

E-Model

Brain ;el Model

Blast E+p"

E-Model


Blast E+p"

E-Model


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2

Synt'etic S)ull

Brain model

&omposite S)ull

Adult 'uman 4,olyuret'ane resin5

,'ysical 9ead Model,repare Silicone ;el Brain Model

our ,ressure Transducersront

(ac)

>e*t side

i#'t side

ne accelerometer

Blast tests/

ront Bac) Side

Nec) assem(ly wit' t'e (rain-s)ull system

T'ree Scaled .istances

4:0$ :00$ 000 mm5

(li?ue !:o

our rientations


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2=


ne >oad &ell 4:0 l("5

Nec) model sti**ness test

ne Strin# ,ot

Ampli*ier

4"= # Accel Tool K 22=35

Simulated s)in

,reparation

Silicone ru((er s'eet

4" mm t'ic)5

0 : 0 : 20 2: 30 3: !00

:

0

:

20

2:

Nec) Sti**ness- Sprin#

Nec) sti**ness-2 Sprin#sNec) Sti**ness-3 Sprin#s

Bendin# momentCTor?ue 4Nm5

An#le 4.e#ree5

0

0":

":

2

2":

3

3":

!

Avera#e Nec) s ti**ness 4NmC.e#ree5


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2%

: = 3 : =

-2

-0

-%

-

-!

-2

0

2

!

%

Brain i#'t Side

Time 4ms5

,ressure 4),a5

,'ysical 9ead Model-E+perimental

esults

>e*t Side rientation at :00 mm

: = 3 : =

-%"00

-"00

-!"00

-2"00

0"00

2"00

!"00

"00

Brain >e*t Side

Time 4ms5

,ressure 4),a5

: = 3 : =

-":

-

-0":

0

0":

Brain ront

Time 4ms5

,ressure 4),a5

: = 3 : =

-0

-%

-

-!

-2

0

2!

%

0

Brain Bac)

Time 4ms5

,ressure 4),a5


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2

,'ysical 9ead Model-E+perimental

esults

>e*t Side rientation at :00 mm

0

0

0

0"0

0"0

0"0

0"0

ront

Bac)

i#'t side

Avera#e o* ,ositive Impulse 4),a"s5

": = =": % %": ": 0

-0

-=0

-:0

-30

-0

0

30

:0

=0

0S)ul l accele ration->t side-:00 mm

Time 4ms5

>inear Acceleration 4#5

"3 ": "= " =" ="3 =":

-0

-:

0

:

0

:

20

2:

30

3:

!0 Brain acceleration->t side-:00 mm

Time 4ms5

>inear acceleration 4#5


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Blast Test


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3

&onclusions

S'oc) tu(e can produce reproduci(leCrelia(le s'oc) wave pro*iles

S'oc) wave typically represents t'e riedlander wave*orm

S'oc) wave pro*iles can (e controlled (y c'an#in# mem(rane7s material

and t'ic)nesses

;enerated s'oc) waves 'ave positive pea) pressure values in t'e ran#e t'at

can induce m-TBI42"3 ),a to "),a5"

.ependin# on t'e location o* t'e transducer and orientation o* Brain Model

to S'oc) tu(e$ pea) positive pressures ran#ed *rom 4%:"2 ),a to %"3 ),a5

,ea) ,ositive ,ressure in ,'ysical 9ead Model e+periments ran#ed *rom

4%": ),a to 2"3 ),a5

Simulated Nec) plays important role in pressure and acceleration results

&reated pressure wave s'owed variation dependin# on pressure transducers

locations and orientation inside Brain Model

Ne#ative pressure mi#'t play a crucial role in t'e mec'anism o* m-TBI


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T9ANL D@

Supervisors

.r" Amar ;ilani

.r" >aurie .oerin#

A.> Lent

research talk bme symposium 2014_final2

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