Faculty of Engineering

University of Jaffna

Site for Kilinochchi Campus

Site for Faculty of Engineering

Land Allocated for Engineering Faculty

Approved Budget

Cost components Cost in millions(LKR)

Buildings: Academic Departments - (20,0000 Sq.m) 1035.00

Buildings: Common facilities - (3050 Sq.m) 157.00

Buildings: Accommodation : (6750 Sq.m) 350.00

Equipment and Books 790.00

Furniture 105.00

Total 2437.00

Approved Cadre (For first year Academic Programme.)

Positions Number

Senior Lecturers: 10

Teaching Assistants/Instructors 05Technicians 01

Computer application Assistants 02

Laboratory Attendant 02

Other Supporting staff 09

Total 29

Department of Civil & Mechanical Engineering

From Government of India

Donated by

India

The Vision of the Faculty of Engineering

The Vision of the Faculty of Engineering is to be a well recognized centre of Engineering education and research in Sri Lanka.

The Mission of the Faculty of Engineering

The Mission of the Faculty of Engineering is to produce resourceful and skilful Engineers to enjoy global citizenship and pursue

professional career with advance learning and research relevant to regional and national development.

Research Activities Planned

Lagoon Development in Jaffna

Water Management in Kilinochchi

River Basin Development in Vanni

Mini Hydropower Generation

Appropriate Technology Development

Components of Jaffna Lagoon Scheme

• Northern Barrage at Thondamanaru

• Vadamarachchi Lagoon

• Bridge at Vallai of Vada. Lagoon

• Bridge at Chavakachcheri -Road

• Bridge at Thalayady - Pallai Road

• Some Flood Bund in Lower Places

• Elephant pass lagoon Chundi kulam Spill Cum Causeway

• Elephant pass Peripheral Channel

• Link Canal

• Elephant pass Bridge (already closed)

• Some flood Bund in lower places

Components of Jaffna Lagoon Scheme (Cont.)

• Upparu Lagoon

• Ariyalai Barrage

• Separation Bund at Kappoothu

• Flood Bunds in Low Places

• Bridge at Koppay – Kaithady Road

• Bridge at Madduvil – Puththoor Road

• Valukaiaru Lagoon

• Arali Barrage

• Cluster of ponds

Problems

Un controlled pumping and no planning for recharge of ground water is causing severe threat to the ground water potential as well as quality of water in Jaffna peninsula

Due to the non maintenance of the salt water exclusion system in Jaffna peninsula, sea water intrusion has taken place in to the land area

Many thousands of acres of fertile land has become saline and abandoned with out cultivation in Jaffna peninsula

Many hundreds of dug wells have also been abandoned due to salinity

History and Proposal of JL Scheme

1879--- Mr. Twyneham GA, NP, has proposed Damming the sea water from entering tothe lagoons – - Given up due to big flood disaster

1913--- Mr. Fesling GA, NP, Took it up the proposal and given up

1916---Mr.Horesburg started the part of the project, Blocked the Culverts across Pointpedro – Chavakachcheri road – It was functioning well from 1920 to 1923

1942--- Mr.Webb proposal came up – Thonadamanaru Barrage Constructed

1947 – 1953, Ariyalai Barrage constructed -1955

1962--- Eng.S.Arumugam has proposed converting Elephentpass lagoon and Vadamarachchi lagoon in to Fresh water lakes to accelerate the leaching process.

(Map 2)

It got failed – because

Sea water seepage through Kandy Jaffna road bridge

Damage of Eastern closure bund due to the settlement of subsoil below the bund

Proposal from Irrigation Department in 1976

• Eastern closure bund of Elephant pass lagoon of 4700ft with the spill cum causeway of7000 ft.

• Access road of 6 miles also planned to be improved

• Link canal of 2.5 miles with regulator

• Imp.to Thondamanaru Gates

• Repairs to Ariyalali Barrage Gates

• Separation Bund at Kaputhu

• Imp. to all Flood bunds

Benefits were anticipated

• Reclaiming 11,000.00acs of non arable land

• Supplement 20,000.00acs of rain fed cultivated land for good

• and assured yield

• Ground water improvements in the peninsula

• Livestock improvements in the lagoon surrounding area

Jaffna Lagoon Scheme – Objective, Details and Benefits –Prof.V.Navaratnarajah ( Presentation Held in 1993)

He has developed ;History

Water Balance of peninsula

Components of the JL Scheme,

In 1969, the people of Vadamarachchi, were able to do

cultivation from lagoon water, and getting benefits of

good Ground water table.

Benefits,

1. Additional cultivation for cash crops and paddy cultivation

2. Receiving good water for their Consumption

3. Fresh water Fishing

4. Development of livestock by having good pasture land

All the Benefits were given in figures and highly recommended the

project Implementation.

Upparu project – K.E.Kumarasamy

He has mentioned in his report,Effort of Mr. K.Balasingam, to bring the Mahawali water to

Jaffna Lagoon through Kanagarayan Aru in 1940Webb proposals were implemented by the effort ofMr.T.Murugesampillai AGA, during 1948-1955, and the

Positive impacts were;1. Karanawai and its surroundings were became good water area2. Avarangal tharavai became fertile cultivable area3. Very good response from the people of that area for the expansion

of the projectNegative impacts were;

1. Salt harvesting has failed in Karanawai2. Prawn cultivation also failed

The system has failed, due to No proper maintenance Result of negative impactsHe further stated the several efforts made by the Jaffna people,to set up the Jaffna lagoon scheme in place.

Land and Water development of Jaffna peninsula- Eng.M.RatnamHe has mentioned in his report, History of Jaffna and JL scheme.Water balance of Jaffna peninsula,

Requirement of the people

(25Gal/capita)

20,000 Acft

Req.for cultivation

(40,000 * 2 acft)

80,000 Acft

Losses 10,000 Acft

50% of additional req to cater for the dry year 55,000

Total 165,000 Acft

48” of rain fall will pro in 50 sq mile of centre portion of Jaffna

(1/3 will go to the savings)

42,000acft

Conversion of lagoon in to Fresh water lakes 40,000.Acft

By renovating Ponds, lakes, and drains 10,000

Short fall of 60,000, to 75,000 acft of water could be saved

by having

Converting Jaffna lagoon into Fresh water lake

Rain water harvesting

Making barriers of fresh water flows to the sea in keerimali and some area

Thondamanaru Fresh Water scheme and its benefits- S.E.Joseph

It was mainly related with fishing, he has divided theVadamarachi lag into 4 sectors and analysed the fish productionwith family details (Map 4)

Suggestion to have some portion for fishing in Thondamaru toVallaiTo have barrage at mullipalam to have 5 ft of fresh water frommathurankeny to Mullipalam.

Land Use of Upparu, Elephent pass lagoon and adjoining area –Prof. S.Balachndran ( Geographical section, Jaffna university), Mr.K. Rajendram, & Mr.S.T.Rajasooriyar

Land area were divided into 6zones and usage was analysed

Highly recommended the project for agricultural activities(Map 5)

Agricultural usage of the surrounding area of Jaffna Lagoon-Dr.A.C.Vivehananthan, DD, Agriculture research, Northern region

Height of the land area in Jaffna, varies from 0-15M in

respect of MSL (map 001)

He has analysed in his report, the dependability of

Agriculture and fish farming, in related with

physical conditions of the area.

Reasons for salinity and recommendation for avoiding or

improving salinity condition for the purpose of

agriculture

Recommendation for the protection in spreading

salinity from the adjoining salt water area

• Providing contour Bunds and creating good land area for cultivation

• Deep ploughing before the dry condition of the land area, will avoid capillary continuity.

• Creating agro forestry will act as wind belt for the protection of the land area from spreading salt dust

• Salt water exclusion Bund

Recommendation for the reduction of salinity in the land area

• Providing side drains and constructing bund across the slope and allowingthe water to drain through the ground

• Encourage growing MARSH PLANTS to absorb salt from the ground

• Growing salt resistant varieties of plants

• Usage of Organic fertilizer in bulk

Jaffna lagoon Scheme with Fishing and Fish related Cultivation-Mr.K Sithravaivelu, Jaffna University, and K Selvavinayagam

They started with history of JL scheme

They analysed the positive and negative impacts in related

with fishing 528 Met.Tonne fish and fish related items could be produced in

Vadamarachchi lagoon and it is 9.3% of Northern Production (1983Data)

114Tonne of Prawn and its related items could be produced in Vada.Lagoon . it is 0.1% of the production of NP

Some poor people specially women will loos e their income but they couldbe replaced with very attractive income by having fresh water fishcultivation

Fresh water fishing, Floating Net fish cultivation, Prawn cultivation, Payfishery sport fishing could be encouraged in the fresh water area

• Since they proved the positive impact was very much more

than the negative impact, it was highly recommended

Tondamanaru Lagoon Development for profitable sea cultivation-Mr. Veerakulasingham, Polikandi, Valveddithurai

He was totally disagreeing for the construction

of barrage and converting the salt water in to

fresh water

He stated that the salt content in some well water

was increased from 8.6 % to 27.2 % ( But his

facts and figures ware contradicting with others)

He has proposed totally a different proposal.

(Map 6)

Sea related benefits of Elephent pass lagoon-K.A.Stanislas, Kaddaikkadu, Mulliyan

• Elephent pass lagoon is having 14mile in length, 2 to 5miles width area.During October – December, sea water intrusion takes place in to the lagoon

During December.- February, rain water of 400 sq.mile, flush into the EPlagoon, and excess water pass it to sea through Chundikulam.

Northern and southern sections of the EP lagoon, is with Kandal, Kanna,Potpaththai (Type of mangroves). These mangroves are very much useful tonatural prawn cultivation as well as bird sanctuary.

During these water transaction, lot of Prawns, fishes, crabs, and cuttlefishgets into the lagoon

2000 families are benefited with the salt water lagoon

He was suggesting to improve the lagoon to suit the requirements of theJaffna lagoon

(Map 7)

• Existing Features

Thondamanaru Barrage

Total length 628ft

Ariyalai barrage

540ft length

No of upper gates 18

Size 20ft*4ft

Sill 0

No of Gates 42

Size 5.5ft* 5.0ft

Sill -1.0MSL - Crest +4.0MSL

No of lower gates 13

Size 20ft * 3ft

Sill -3

No of subsidiary sp gates 16

Size 20ft * 2ft

Sill +2

Tot.Area of Jaffna 400 sq.ml

Vad lagoon area 30 sq.ml

Upparu lag.area 10 sq.ml

EP lagoon area 40sq.ml

Catchment area of Vad.Lagoon

Tot.Area of Jaffna

115sq ml

Catchment area of Upparu 85sq.mls

Catchment area of EP 363sq.ml

Further studies and final investigations

Section of the peripheral bund ( it is advisable to have clay core and rock fill

bund to function as spill cum bund)

Width and discharge of the two peripheral channels and channel leads to Vad.

Lagoon have to be decided ( 5000 cusecs and 250 to 300 ft BW)

Is the opening of EP Bridge to be reopened to discharge the flood water –

western portion to the sea

Is it possible to issue water from the Iranaimadu tank to supplement drainage

water, when it is not enough to cater the nominal demand of water to

Vad.Lagoon

Need for Research

• Lot of data were collected and investigationscompleted and it was available in IrrigationDepartment in early eightees. But now it is notavailable for our reference

• We have to start collecting data toscientifically proof after research the actualimprovement and development needed to all thelagoons in Jaffna peninsula in future to addressthe salinity intrusion problem.

Data Collection Needed

• Sixty data collection points to be introduced– Thondamanaru lagoon – 30 points (Ten points along the lagoon and three each

perpendicular to that in 300 m interval)

– Upparu lagoon – 18 points (six points along the lagoon and three each

perpendicular to that in 300 m interval)

– Valukaiaru lagoon – 12 points (four points along the lagoon and three each

perpendicular to that in 300 m interval)

The location to be fixed with coordinates and mapped

• Data to be collected monthly• Water level

• Salinity

• Ph

• Electrical conductivity

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