resources and development class 10
TRANSCRIPT
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GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER-1
RESOURCES AND
DEVELOPMENT
MADE BY- ANSH MEHTA
Holiday Homework
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WHAT IS A RESOURCE???
Everything available in our
environment and which satisfy our
needs
It should be
1.) Technologically
accessible
2.) Culturally acceptable
3.) Economically feasible
Like - Solar Cooker – It is technologically accessible but not culturally acceptable
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CLASSIFICATION OF RESOURCES
ORIGIN EXHAUSTIBILITY
OWNERSHIP DEVELOPMENT
Classification of resources on the
basis of
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RESOURCES-ORIGIN
• Obtained from Biosphere and have Life
• Examples- Flora, Fauna, Fisheries, Livestock, Human Beings
BIOTIC
• All the things which are Composed of Non Living Things
• Examples- Rocks, Metals
ABIOTIC
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RESOURCES-EXHAUSTIBILITY
Resources on the basis of Exhaustibility
Renewable
These resources can be renewed/recycled.
For Example
Solar and Water Energy, Forests etc.
Further Divided into
Continuous- Water and Wind
Flow-Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
Non Renewable
These resources cannot be renewed as they take million
years to form.
For Example
Minerals, Fossil Fuels.
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RESOURCES-
OWNERSHIP
INDIV
IDUAL • The
resources which are owned privately by individuals.
• Example-Mobiles, Land.
COMMUNITY • The which
resources are accessible to all members of the society.
• Example-Public Parks, Playgrounds.
NATIONAL
• The resources which belongs to the government.
• Technically all resources belong to the nation.
• Example-Roads, Oceanic area up to 19.2km.
INTERNATIONAL • The
resources belonging to international institutions.
• Example-Oceanic resources beyond 200 nautical miles of the EEZ.
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RESOURCES-STATUS OF
DEVELOPMENT
POTENTIAL
•Resources which are found in an region, but not have been utilized.
•Like Rajasthan and Gujarat have potential of solar and wind energy but not been used for some reasons.
DEVELOPED
•Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity is determined for utilization
•The development of resources depends on technology and level of their feasibility.
STOCK
•The resources which have potential to satisfy human needs but there is no technology to use are included among Stock.
•Like Water is a compound of Hydrogen and Oxygen which can be used as rich source of energy but there is technology to use it.
RESERVES
•They are subset of stock which can be use with existing technology but are conserved for the future generations.
•Like river water is used to a limited consent for generating electricity so that it can be used in future.
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DEVELOPMENT OF RESOURCES
Development of Resources
Essential for future as
resources are limited in supply
Exploitation
Unequal Distribution
Ecological Problem
Scarcity of resources
Depletion of resources
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LAND DEGRADATION
DEFORESTATION INDUSTRIAL WASTE OVERUSE OF
FERTILIZERS
QUARRYING OVERDRAZING MINING
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LAND CONSERVATION
AfforestationPlanting
Shelterbelts
Checking Over
irrigation
Terrace Farming
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RESOURCE PLANNING
IDENDIFYING INVENTORY OF
RESOURCES
ECONOMIC AND TECNOLOGICAL
EVOLUTION
MATCHING RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Resource Planning is widely accepted
strategy for judicious use of resources.
It has importance in a country like India which has enormous diversity
in resources
HOW IS RESOURCE PLANNING DONE???
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SOIL AS A RESOURCE
Most important natural resource.
Medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organism on the earth.
Takes million of years to form soil up to a few cm in length.
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FACTORS AFFECTING
FORMATION OF SOIL
Parent Rock Climate Vegetation
WindActivity of
DecompositionGlaciers
Organic and Inorganic Materials
Temperature
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CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL
Colour Thickness
Chemical and Physical
PropertiesTexture-Age
Classification on the basis
of :-
ALLUVIAL
BLACK
RED
LATTERITE
ARID
FOREST
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ALLUVIAL SOIL
Very Fertile
Formed by the deposit [Sand and
Silt] brought by the rivers
Found in Northern Plains, Coastal
Plains, Deltas of Rivers
Rice, Wheat, Cotton, Oil Seed
Rich in Potash and Lime
Deficiency in Nitrogen
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BLACK SOIL
Black in ColourKnown as Regur Soil, Cotton Soil, Lava Soil
Made up of lava flow [Breaking down of
igneous rocks]
Found in Maharashtra, M.P, Chhattisgarh,
Godavari and Krishna Valleys
Good Capacity to hold moisture
Rich in Calcium Carbonate, Potash,
Lime
Deficiency in Phosphoric Content
Crack occurs when dry Sticky when wet
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RED OR YELLOW SOIL
Porous Chores Found in Eastern
and Southern part of Deccan Plateau
Formed by the denudation of Igneous and
Metamorphic Rocks
Rice, Pulse, Sugar Cane
Rich in IronDeficiency in
Nitrogen, Humus, Lime
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LATTERITE SOIL
Acidic Porous Leaching by Heavy Rainfall
Found in Western
Ghats, Shillong
Coffee, Rubber, Cashew
Rich in Iron Deficiency in Lime, Potash
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ARID SOIL
Formed by Weathering of
Rocks Rich in Salt
Deficiency in Humus
Dates, Melon, Bajra
Rajasthan, Punjab, Gujrat
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FOREST SOIL
Found in Rainforest and
Hilly areas
Acidic in Nature
Deficiency in Humus
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SOIL EROSION
The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is
called SOIL EROSION.
• 1.) Human- Deforestation, Over Grazing etc.
• 2.) Natural- Wind, Glacier etcDue to Human and Natural
Factors
The processes of Soil Formation and Erosion go on
simultaneously and generally there is a balance b/w the two.
• 1.) Gully Erosion
• 2.) Sheet ErosionTypes :-
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Contour Ploughing –
Ploughing around the contour lines to decelerate the flow of water down the slopes
Terrace Farming –
Cutting out the slopes and making terraces
Strip Cropping –
Strips of grass are left to grow b/w the crops. It breaks up the force of wind.
Planting Shelter Belts –
Planting lines of trees to create shelter.
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THE END
RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT
CLASS 10
GEO CHAPTER 1