respiration and circulation in human body
DESCRIPTION
This a presentation which is describes about the circulation and reTRANSCRIPT
The Show of the Century
Best viewed at full screen and high resolution
Title Page
Nasal Passage
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Human Respiratory System Diagram Best viewed at full screen
Respiratory System created
Oxygen CellHi I am O2 ,you can call
me oxygen, and I will be your guide today. I advise you keep all feet
and hands inside the ride at all times.
JH
Respiratory Intro
You may be asking, what is the Respiratory system? Well, the Respiratory system is the system that helps you breath in and out, so oxygen (02) can be pumped through your body and carbon dioxide (CO2) can be removed from the blood stream. You must remember that the Respiratory system is made up of many different organs.
JH
Where are we?
Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Here We Go!!!
JH
Here is a overview picture of the Respiratory System.
Just go to the next slide to seeit.
Picture Intro
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Respiratory Overview PictureNasal Cavity
Nose
Mouth
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Alveolus
Diaphragm
Throat
(pharynx)
Windpipe (Trachea)
Left lungs
Ribs
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Welcome
Now we will begin our tour.
Welcome to…
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This is where it all begins. This is where the oxygen first
enters your body and also where Carbon Dioxide leaves.
The Nose and Mouth
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The Nose and MouthWhen the air comes into your nose it gets
filtered by tiny hairs and it is moistened by the mucus that is in your nose.
Your sinuses also help out with your Respiratory System. They help to moisten
and heat the air that you breath.
Air can also get into your body through yourmouth/oral cavity but air is not filtered as
much when it enters in through your mouth.
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Nose and Mouth Picture
Nasal Cavity
Nostril
Oral CavityPharynx
Here is a picture of your nasal and oral cavity.
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Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are We?
We are here.
MB
The Pharynx and Trachea
Next we will head down to your pharynx(throat) and your trachea (windpipe).This is where the air passes from your nose to your bronchi tubes and lungs.
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The Pharynx and Trachea
Your pharynx (throat) gathers air after it passes through your nose and then the air is passed down to
your trachea (windpipe).
Your trachea is held open by “incomplete ringsof cartilage.” Without these rings your trachea might close off and air would not be able to get
to and from your lungs.MB
Pharynx
(Throat)
Mouth
Trachea
Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are We?
We are here.
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Your trachea (windpipe) splits up into two bronchi tubes. These two tubes keep splitting up and form your bronchiole.
The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole Intro
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The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole
These bronchi tubes split up, like tree branches, and get smaller and smaller
inside your lungs.
The air flows past your bronchi tubesand into your bronchiole. These tubes
keep getting smaller and smaller until theyfinally end with small air sacs (called alveoli).
But we will go there later…
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Alveoli and Bronchi Picture
Trachea
Bronchi Tubes
Bronchiole
Alveoli
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Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are We?
We are here.
MB
Now we will head over to the alveoli and what happens when the
air finally makes it down there.
The Alveoli and Capillary Network
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The Alveoli and Capillary Network
Your alveoli are tiny air sacsthat fill up with air/oxygen when you
breath in.
Your alveoli are surrounded bymany tiny blood vessels called
capillaries.
The walls of your alveoli (and capillaries) are so thin that the oxygen or carbon dioxide can
pass through them, traveling right into, orout of your blood stream.
MB
Alveoli Picture
Here is a closeup picture ofyour Alveoli
and a Capillarysurrounding it.
Capillary
Red Blood Cell
Oxygen is picked up
Carbon Dioxide is dropped off
Wall of the air sac
MB
Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels called capillaries
Very thin cells line the alveoli so that O2 and CO2 can pass in and out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass air to and from your alveoli.
The Trachea is held open by partial rings of cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are We?
We are here.MB
Alveolus
Bronchiole
Respiratory Bronchiole
Alveolar Duct
Alveolar Sac
Capillaries
JH
Looking at the Alveoli
Lets take a closer look shall we.
JH
Chemicals
Red blood cell carrying Carbon dioxide
Chemical change is taking place in cell
Red blood cell carrying oxygen
Alveolus
Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane)
Capillary
JH
Diffusion
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Alveolus
Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane*)
Capillary
JH
* A specialized thin layer of skin that oxygen and carbon dioxide can pass through.
Oxygen diffuses through the membrane into the blood stream. Carbon Dioxide diffuses through the membrane and enters the alveolus.
Cool pictures
JH
Intro to
Diaphragm
Now we will look at the Diaphragm. You might be wondering, what does the Diaphragm do? The Diaphragm is an important factor in breathing.
JH
Diagram of Diaphragm
JH
Here is an experiment that you can try.
Diaphragm Experiment
JH
Experiment Instructions
1st you need a bottle that you can sacrifice to cut up.
2nd you cut the bottom of the bottle and put a big balloon on the bottom.
3rd get a rubber cork ( make sure it blocks the hole)and put a hole through it ( top to bottom).
Insert a thin tube into the cork and place a balloon on the bottom of the tube.
4th make sure the thing is airtight.
JH
Respiratory Overview Review
CO2
JH
The Pharynx, or throat, is located where passages from the nose and mouth came together.
Air Passing over the mucus membrane of the nasal cavity is moistened,
warmed, and filtered
Inside the lungs the Bronchi branch into small tubes called bronchioles
At the end of the bronchioles are bunches of alveoli, air sacs, arranged like grapes on a stem
Air enters the trachea, or wind pipe which leads to and from the lungs
The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi
If one lobe is injured or diseased, the other lobes may be able to function normally
Fun Facts
* At rest, the body takes in and breathes out about 10 liters of air each minute. * The right lung is slightly larger than the left. * The highest recorded "sneeze speed" is 165 km per hour. * The surface area of the lungs is roughly the same size as a tennis court. * The capillaries in the lungs would extend 1,600 kilometers if placed end to
end.* We lose half a liter of water a day through breathing. This is the water vapor
we see when we breathe onto glass. * A person at rest usually breathes between 12 and 15 times a minute. * The breathing rate is faster in children and women than in men.
Key Words• Respiratory System- The group of organs in your body that are responsible for taking
in Oxygen and breathing out the Carbon Dioxide which is the waste product of cellular respiration.
• Oxygen-The gas that your body needs to work and function.• Carbon Dioxide- The waste product (gas) that is produced through respiration of
people and animals.• Nose/Nasal Cavity- Where Oxygen first enters your body. Tiny hairs help filter the air
and air is moistened and heated by your nose. Your Nose leads into your Nasal Cavity.• Mouth/Oral Cavity- Oxygen/air can also enter through your Mouth but it is not
filtered. Your Mouth opens up into your Oral Cavity.• Sinus- A cavity in the bones of your skull that helps moisten and heat the air that you
breath.• Pharynx/Throat- Gathers air from your Nasal and Oral Cavities and passes it to your
Trachea.• Trachea/Windpipe- A tube like pathway that connects your throat to your Bronchi
Tubes and lungs. Air passes through it when it travels from the Pharynx to the Bronchi Tubes.
Key Words Cont.• Bronchi Tubes- Each tube (one per lung) splits up into many smaller tubes called
Bronchiole, like branches on a tree.• Bronchiole- Keep splitting up until they reach your Alveoli.• Respiratory Bronchiole- The air-tubes that are actually connected to the Alveoli.• Alveolar Duct- The final tube, which is part of the Alveoli, that leads to the air-
sacs.• Alveolar Sac- Where the chemical change takes place and where blood cells pick
up oxygen and drop off carbon dioxide.• Alveoli- Tiny air-sacs at the end of your Alveolar Duct. They fill up with Oxygen
and are surrounded by Capillaries.• Capillaries- Tiny blood streams (around one cell wide) that surround your Alveoli.
They take Oxygen out of our Lungs and replace it with Carbon Dioxide, which you later breath out.
• Diaphragm- The muscle membrane that helps you breath in and out by changing the pressure in your chest cavity.
Prepare Your Cranium For The Further Insertion of
Knowledge
Caltex American School Duri, Indonesia
Title Page
Circulatory System Created by
The HeartThis organ is what pumps oxygen rich blood, nutrients, hormones, and the other things your body needs to maintain your health, to your organs and tissues.
The pulmonary veins you see on the right side of the diagram come from your lungs, where the blood cells collect oxygen. It’s then pumped out to the rest of the body through the Aorta (Top).
All of the blue sections show blood cells carrying waste, (C02) moving back to the lungs (where the C02 will be replaced by oxygen) through the Pulmonary Artery (Top, blue)
Pulmonary Veins
Pulmonary Artery
(Inferior Vena Cava) From the Body
(Aortic Artery) To the body
Whenever the blood is pumped from one section of the heart another a valve closes behind it preventing the blood from moving backwards.
By The Way…
Valves: (tricuspid valve semilunar (pulmonary) valve, bicuspid (mitral) valve, and the semilunar (aortic) valve
(Superior Vena Cava) From the Body
Blood Flow through Heart
• Blood from the body travels into the right atrium, moves into the right ventricle, and is finally pushed into lungs in the pulmonary arteries
• The blood then picks up oxygen and travels back to the heart into the left atrium through the pulmonary veins
• The blood then travels through the to the Left Ventricle and exits to the body through the Aorta…
Right AtriumLeft Atrium
Blood Flow to Arms
• Oxygen rich blood leaves the heart and travels through arteries
• In the capillaries the oxygen and food is given to the body’s cells
• The blood finally travels back through veins to the heart to pick up oxygen
ARTERIES- FROM HEART
CAPILLARIES
VEINS- TO HEART
A red blood cell then travels
from the heart through arteries
that eventually branch into the
body’s vast system of capillaries
(microscopic blood vessels
which connect arteries and veins), they
eventually lead to…
Pulmonary Vein
Aorta
Brachial Artery
Renal Artery
Redial Artery
Ulnar Artery
Iliac Artery
Path to the Exchange
When the itty bitty teeny tiny red blood cells pass the desired tissue they……………………………….TRANSACT
The oxygen the blood cells are carrying is given to the body’s tissue.
And the CO2 (waste) from the tissue is given to the same blood cell to be exhaled.
Tissue
Tissue
Technically the Hemoglobin in the blood (a substance full of iron) attracts oxygen from the lungs. The red blood cell then carries it to the desired tissue. Because this tissue has a high CO2 count the hemoglobin lets go of its oxygen and collects the carbon dioxide. You see the hemoglobin has an affinity for whichever gas has a greater count. Because the tissue has a large amount of built up waste (CO2) the hemoglobin attracts it and then replaces it with oxygen, and vise versa in the lungs.
How It Works…
Oxy-Rich Blood Cell
Oxy-Poor Blood Cell
Now lets travel to the legs!!!
The Exchange
Blood Flow to Legs
• Approximately 500 ml of blood moves from the heart and lungs down to the legs when a person stands up after lying down
• The oxygen rich blood cells then travel through the capillaries where yet another…
!FUN FACT!
The oxygen and CO2 are exchanged…in the cells
Oxygen Rich
Oxygen Rich
Oxygen Poor
Oxygen Poor
TissueDon’t forget that the Hemoglobin in the blood cells let go of the cell’s oxygen because of the large CO2 (waste) count in the tissue.
Gas Exchange Occurs,
Now lets go back to the heart!!!
Circulation back to Heart
• Capillaries carry the blood to…
• Venules that connect to veins and the…
• Veins (wide blood vessels) carries the oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.
To upper body
From upper
body
To lungTo lung
From lung
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
To lower bodyFrom lower
body
Right Ventricle
Right Atrium
From lung
Conclusion As you have learned (Hopefully) the Circulatory
System is one of the most important systems in the human body…
It is the
only reason you’re
still alive
today…
and you can attribute the
cooling down, feeding of and
protection of your body to it. So the next time you bust open
your leg skateboarding you can thank your Circulatory
System for patching you up.
So Take a Deep Breath and
Go Home
The End