Modelos no clínicos de formación en Cardiología Intervencionista

Non-clinical models of training in interventional cardioloy

Dr. Jose Manuel Vázquez Rodríguez

Why a training center?

For two reasons…

First: we need to learn continuously

Knowledge Doubling Curve. Buckminster Fuller, R. “Critical Path” (1981)

• Duplicate knowledge of year one probably it took about 1500 years or until the sixteenth century.

• The next doubling of knowledge from two to four 'knowledge units' took only 250 years, till about 1750

CE.

• By 1900, one hundred and fifty years later, knowledge had doubled again to 8 units

• By the end of World War II knowledge was doubling every 25 years.

• Today, on average human knowledge is doubling every 13 months and clinical knowledge every 18

months.

• According to IBM, the build out of  the “internet of things” will lead to the doubling of knowledge every 12

hours.

How do we learn?

Edgar Dale’s Cone of Experience Audio-Visual Methods in Teaching, 1946

Is that true in the field of medical learning?

Second reason: Opportunity

– 1992: Experimental Surgery Unit

– 1997-2003: XENOTRANSPLANTATION Project. – 2005: Extension:

• Incorporation of virtual reality technology : Lap Mentor y GI Mentor

– 2007-2009: New Project: Adding Medical Training tools– 2014: 3 C-arms for cardiovascular procedures

56 courses (112 editions)1703 trainees

Courses scheduled in 2013

SIMULACION

ESCENICA

ROBOTICA

REALIDAD

VIRTUAL

EXPERIMENTAL

• Training in critical clinical situations

• Teamwork under pressure• Experience difficulties related to

the patient

SIMULATION

SCENIC

ROBOTIC

VIRTUALREALITY

EXPERIMENTAL

• Training in critical clinical situations• Teamwork under pressure• To evaluate the effect of diagnostic

and therapeutic maneuvers• Learning from mistakes• Rehearse and gain confidence with

new procedures

SIMULATION

SCENIC

ROBOTIC

VIRTUALREALITY

EXPERIMENTAL

• Initial training (complex procedures) • Training techniques not commonly

used • Understanding diagnostic tools and

recognize patterns

SIMULATION

SCENIC

ROBOTIC

VIRTUALREALITY

EXPERIMENTAL

• Test and become familiar with technological innovations

• Training complications and rare situations

SIMULATION

SCENIC

ROBOTIC

VIRTUALREALITY

EXPERIMENTAL

Time consuming

High ratio teachers / students

Expensive

Possible advantages not scientifically proven

Curricular value has not been defined

“Alternative” training drawbacks

SUMMARY

1. “Alternative” training allows to develop skills in a safe environment

2. Its use is still low in interventional cardiology

3. The most useful techniques are virtual and experimental simulation

4. Ideal for testing and introducing technological innovation

5. Very useful to face the treatment of complications and train

infrequent and complex procedures

Obrigado

Thank you

Gracias