Indus River Indus River Valley Valley

CivilizationCivilizationExamine the role geography and Examine the role geography and

climate played in the settlement of climate played in the settlement of the Indian subcontinet.the Indian subcontinet.

Investigate how people in the fistr Investigate how people in the fistr Indus River Valley civilization lived.Indus River Valley civilization lived.

One of the most fascinating yet mysterious One of the most fascinating yet mysterious cultures of the ancient world is the cultures of the ancient world is the Harappan civilization. This culture existed along . This culture existed along the Indus River in present day Pakistan.  It was the Indus River in present day Pakistan.  It was named after the city of named after the city of Harappa which it was which it was centered around.  Harappa and the city of centered around.  Harappa and the city of Mohenjo-Daro were the greatest achievements of Mohenjo-Daro were the greatest achievements of the Indus valley civilization. These cities are well the Indus valley civilization. These cities are well known for their impressive, organized and regular known for their impressive, organized and regular layout. Over one hundred other towns and villages layout. Over one hundred other towns and villages also existed in this region. The Harappan people also existed in this region. The Harappan people were literate and used the Dravidian language. were literate and used the Dravidian language. Only part of this language has been deciphered Only part of this language has been deciphered today, leaving numerous questions about this today, leaving numerous questions about this civilization unanswered. civilization unanswered.

The importance of The importance of geography and climategeography and climate

Indus River ValleyIndus River Valley IndiaIndia Climate and geopgraphy important Climate and geopgraphy important

for the developmentfor the development

Indus Valley Civilization Indus Valley Civilization

Physical GeographyPhysical Geography Extend from Central asia to Indian Ocean.Extend from Central asia to Indian Ocean. Separate the North form the rest of asia Separate the North form the rest of asia

by towering mountain ranges. The by towering mountain ranges. The HimalayasHimalayas

Mountains made difficul for immigrants Mountains made difficul for immigrants and invaders to enter India by land.and invaders to enter India by land.

Ganges RiverGanges River Indus RiverIndus River

They are called Indo-Gangetic plain.They are called Indo-Gangetic plain. To the South of these river system lies a To the South of these river system lies a

high plateau called the Deccan.high plateau called the Deccan. The inhabitans of the coastal became sea The inhabitans of the coastal became sea

traders.traders.

The ClimateThe Climate MonsoonsMonsoons Winds that mark Winds that mark

the seasons in the seasons in India.India.

From November From November until March, until March, monsoons blow monsoons blow from the north and from the north and northeastnortheast

Wet season, called the Wet season, called the southwest monsoon, southwest monsoon, occurs from mid-June – occurs from mid-June – October.October.

Southwesterly winds Southwesterly winds carry warm, moist air carry warm, moist air from the Indian ocean.from the Indian ocean.

Heavy rains fall along Heavy rains fall along the coastal plains.the coastal plains.

Summers are fairly mildSummers are fairly mild Summers can reach 120 Summers can reach 120

FF

Making PredictionsMaking Predictions

How might geography and climate How might geography and climate have affected early settlement in the have affected early settlement in the Indian subcontinent?Indian subcontinent?

What other civilizations settled in this What other civilizations settled in this area?area?

According to our climate how does it According to our climate how does it affect us?affect us?

Where is Ecuador geographicaly Where is Ecuador geographicaly located? Explain the climate...located? Explain the climate...

"Priest King" statue, Mohenjo-daro, late Mature Harappan period, National Museum, Karachi, Pakistan

Early Civilization in the Early Civilization in the Indus River ValleyIndus River Valley

HARAPPAHARAPPA MOHENJO DAROMOHENJO DARO Cities were large and carefullu planned.Cities were large and carefullu planned. Wide streets crossed at right angles.Wide streets crossed at right angles. Water system with two stry brick Water system with two stry brick

homes, some of which had bathrooms.homes, some of which had bathrooms. Store houses for grain. They distributed Store houses for grain. They distributed

surplus food.surplus food. Organized strong central government. Organized strong central government. Harappans were threatened by invaders Harappans were threatened by invaders

or by cro-destroying floods.or by cro-destroying floods.

Harrapan farmers grew cotton, wheat Harrapan farmers grew cotton, wheat barley and rice.barley and rice.

Also raised cattle, sheeps, pigs and goats.Also raised cattle, sheeps, pigs and goats. Irrigation systems, they built canals and Irrigation systems, they built canals and

ditches.ditches. Products included cotton cloth, pottery, Products included cotton cloth, pottery,

bronze and gold items and silver jewelry.bronze and gold items and silver jewelry. Developed a written language, evidenced Developed a written language, evidenced

by pictographs and on clay pots and by pictographs and on clay pots and fragments.fragments.

Worshiped a great god and used images Worshiped a great god and used images of certain animals, such as the bull the of certain animals, such as the bull the buffalo and the tiger.buffalo and the tiger.

Ceremonies in sacred trees.Ceremonies in sacred trees.

WORD DEFINITIONWORD DEFINITION

Flood destroyed Flood destroyed settlementssettlements

Abandoned their Abandoned their homeshomes

EarthquakEarthquakee

Invading Invading forcesforces

Indus River Valley Civilization Indus River Valley Civilization dissapeared.dissapeared. EFFECT

POSIBLE

CAUSES

Section 1 ReviewSection 1 Review

Indus River Valley Civilization Indus River Valley Civilization

1. DEFINE1. DEFINE

MONSOONS:MONSOONS:

CITADEL:CITADEL:

2. Analyzing Information2. Analyzing Information

Indus River Valley Civilization

Geography

Climate

3. Finding the Main Idea3. Finding the Main Idea

In what ways did the physical settng In what ways did the physical settng of the Indus River valley encourage of the Indus River valley encourage the growth of civilization?the growth of civilization?

What evidence suggests that people What evidence suggests that people of the Indus River valley had contact of the Indus River valley had contact with other early civiliztions?with other early civiliztions?