REVOLUTIONSTHE ENGLISH REVOLUTION, OR GLORIOUS REVOLUTION, 1688-1689THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, 1775-1783THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, 1789-1799THE HAITIAN REVOLUTION, 1791-1804LATIN AMERICAN REVOLUTIONS, 1808-1825

GPSSSWH14 The student will analyze the Age of Revolutions and Rebellions. b. Identify the causes and results of the revolutions in England (1689), United States (1776), France (1789), Haiti (1791), and Latin America (1808-1825).

ENGLISH REVOLUTION, 1689AKA, Glorious Revolution, also called Revolution of 1688, or Bloodless RevolutionIn English history, the events of 168889 that resulted in the overthrow of James II, STUART DYNASTYRESULT: accession (rise) of his daughter Mary II and her husband, William III, prince of Orange and stadholder of the Netherlands, as KING AND QUEEN OF ENGLAND.

CAUSES1. JAMES II-RCC AND APPOINTED RCC TO POSITIONS2. SECOND WIFE-SON, WHO WOULD BE HEIR AND RCC-ENGLISH PROTESTANTS OPPOSED RCC AND SUCCESSORS3. PROTESTANTS ASKED MARY, JAMES IIS DAUGHTER, AND HER HUSBAND, WILLIAM OF ORANGE, KING IN NETHERLANDS AND PROTESTANT, TO BE KING4. IDEAS OF ENLIGHTENMENT

RESULTS1. WILLIAM AND MARY BECOME KING AND QUEEN (WILLIAM II AND MARY 11)2. ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS SIGNED.3. END OF ABSOLUTE MONARCHY IN ENGLAND4. BEGINNING OF LIMITED CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY

5. RULE BY BRITISH PARLIAMENT, GOVERNING BODYSPECIFICSA. no suspending of Parliament's laws B. no levying of taxes without a specific grant from Parliament C. no interfering with freedom of speech in Parliament D. no penalty for a citizen who petitions the king about grievances E. MORE DEMOCRACY IN ENGLAND, UK

http://www.hulu.com/watch/203098/biography-louis-x...

THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, 1775-1783The Revolutionary War; The War for American Independencepolitical upheaval in which the thirteen British colonies in North America joined together to break from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of AmericaENGLAND VS. BRITISH AMERICAN COLONIES: COLONIES WIN! RESULT: USAThe shot heard round the world, Battles of Lexington and Concord, Mass., 1775The colonies rejected the authority of the British Parliament and King George III.

CAUSESThe American Revolution was the result of a series of social, political, and intellectual transformations in American society, government, and ways of thinking

CAUSES1 Effects of the French & Indian War (WAR BETWEEN FR AND UK OVER N. AMERICATRADE, LAND, RESOURCES, ETC.)2 Proclamation of 1763, NO SETTLEMENT WEST OF APPALACHIAN MTNS.3 IDEAS OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT, The Rise of Liberalism (political philosophy centered on the unalienable rights of the individual, such as liberal ideals of freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion and Republicanism (ELECTED GOVT AND RULE OF LAW, SOVEREIGNTY IN THE PEOPLE AND NOT THE MONARCH)4 TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!

RESULTS1. Treaty of Paris 1783, Treaty that ended the American Revolutiona. What did the Treaty of Paris 1783 say? 1) The English colonies in British North America are independent from England 2) New nation: United States of America. 3) The treaty created the borders for the U.S.A.; which were!!North to the Great LakesSouth to, but not including, FloridaWest to the Mississippi RiverEast to the Atlantic Ocean

SEE WEBSITE ON EXPANSION OF USA

http://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of-us/videos/american-revolution#american-revolution

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION1 Period of radical social and political unrest, upheaval in France2 The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed within three years3 French society underwent an epic transformation as aristocratic and religious privileges stopped under a sustained assault from radical political groups, masses on the streets, and peasants in the countrysideIt was the best of times; it was the worst of times Charles Dickens, A TALE OF TWO CITIES

Old ideas about tradition and hierarchyof monarchy, aristocracy, and religious authoritywere abruptly overthrownEnlightenment principles of equality, citizenship, and inalienable (cannot be taken away) rights began

LOUIS XVI

QUEEN MARIE ANTOINETTE

SOCIETY IN FRANCE, THE OLD REGIME1ST ESTATE2ND ESTATE3RD ESTATE

What Is the Third Estate? French thinker and clergyman Abb Emmanuel Joseph Sieys said this:What is the Third Estate? Everything.What has it been until now in the political order? Nothing.What does it ask? To become something.

The dominance of the First and Second Estates in the political arena constitutes a monopoly that treats the Third Estate unfairly.He advocates equal representation of all three orders in government, and asserts that taxes and government policy should affect all portions of society equally!!!SLOGAN, FR. REV: LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY (BROTHERHOOD)

Causes of the French Revolution 1 ENLIGHTENMENT IDEAS, more political freedom, equality, liberty, freedom of the individual, democracy, freedom of speech, attack RCC, Declaration of the Rights of Man2 DEBTFROM:1)WARS: 7 YEARS( FR. AND INDIAN), AMERICAN REVOLUTION2)EXPENSES FROM MONARCHY, LOUIS 14, 15, 16

3 HEAVY TAXATION, ESP. ON 3RD ESTATE; the system also exempted the nobles and the clergy from taxes 4 FAILURE OF REFORMS RELATED TO DEBT AND TAXES

5 FAMINE, decreased food harvests, conspiracy theories, little ice age

http://www.history.com/videos/origins-of-the-french-revolution#origins-of-the-french-revolution

http://www.history.com/topics/french-revolution/videos#the-french-revolution

RESULTS: FRENCHREVOLUTION1. END OF ABSOLUTE MONARCHY, LIMITED MONARCH, THEN REPUBLIC2. REPUBLICAN GOVT IN FR3. POLITICAL AND SOCIAL REFORMS-MORE EQUAL FRENCH SOCIETY WITH NO PRIVILEGE4. SPREAD OF ENLIGHTENED IDEAS (#3) ESP. NATURAL RIGHTS AND CONNECTIONS5. FRENCH CONSTITUTIONS WHICH CREATED MORE DEMOCRACY AND MALE SUFFRAGE (RIGHT TO VOTE)

RESULTS 6. IMPROVED STATUS OF WOMEN7. MORE FREE ECONOMY

COMPARISONREVOLUTIONSAMERICAN AND FRENCHAMERICAN1. INDEPENDENCE AND SELF-IDENTIFICATION2. ANTI-BRITISH PARLIAMENT, LESS ANTI-KING3. SOCIAL CLASS SYSTEM NOT A MAJOR CONCERN; SLAVERY HAD BEEN ABOLISHED IN MOST NORTHERN STATES4. RELIGION NOT AN ISSUE5. GOVT GOAL: PRESERVE LIFE, LIBERTY, PROPERTY

COMMON GOAL ACHIEVED BY BOTH REVOLUTIONS: LIBERTY!FRENCH1. ESTABLISHED NATION; TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIETY2. ANTI-KING! ABUSE OF POWER3. SOCIAL CLASSES (ESTATES) ELIMINATED; NO PRIVILEGE (MAIN GOAL OF REVOLUTION)4. REDUCE POWER OF RCC 5. GOVT GOAL: PRESERVE LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY (BROTHERHOOD)

HAITIAN REVOLUTION

Haitian Revolution179118041775-1783, AMERICAN REV.1789-1799, FRENCH REV.slave revolt in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, HAITIRESULT: end of slavery there and founding of country of Haiti

The Haitian Revolution was the only slave revolt which led to the founding of a country the American Revolution USAThe Haitian Revolution HAITIpermanent independence from a European colonial power for an American country before the 19th century

LEADERSToussaint L'OuvertureJean Jacques Dessalines

HAITIAN REVOLUTION

LATIN AMERICAN REVOLUTIONS18TH, 19TH CENTURIES

The Latin American Wars of IndependenceRevolutions, 18th and early 19th centuriesResult: creation of many independent countries in Latin AmericaThese revolutions followed the American and French Revolutions, which had profound effects on the Spanish, Portuguese and French colonies in the AmericasHaiti, a French slave colony, was the first to follow the United States to independence, during the Haitian Revolution

LEADERS

LEADERSSIMON BOLIVAR

JOSE DE SAN MARTIN

BERNARDO O HIGGINS

NAPOLEON BONAPARTE1769-1821

1 French military and political leader2 RISE to power during the latter stages of the French Revolution3 Napoleon I, Emperor of the French 1804 to 18154 born in Corsica in a family of noble Italian ancestry5 TRAINED IN MILITARY A LIFETIME WITH ACCOMPLISHMENTS ALL OVER EUROPE

CORSICA

1799, coup d'tat (OVERTHROW OF GOVT, THE DIRECTORY)First Consul; five years later the French Senate proclaimed him emperor, following a plebiscite (VOTE) in his favor

established hegemony (control) over most of continental Europe and sought to spread the ideals of the French Revolution: NAPOLEONIC WARS, 1804-1815maintained the French sphere of influence through the formation of extensive alliances and the appointment of friends and family members to rule other European countries as French client states The Peninsular War (SPAIN AND COASTAL AREA) and 1812 French invasion of Russia: turning points for NapoleonThe Grande Arme was badly damaged in the campaign and never fully recovered.1814, DEFEATED, FORCED TO ABDICATE (GIVE UP THRONE) AND EXILED TO ISLAND OF ELBA

1815, ESCAPED, RETURNED (100 DAYS)FINALLY DEFEATED AT WATERLOO, BELGIUMEXILED TO ST. HELENADIED 1821

FIRST CONSUL

NAPOLEONS LEGACYMilitary strategiesNapoleonic CodeSpread of Enlightened IdeasInspiration of nationalism (loyalty to nation, history, people rather than leader)

http://www.biography.com/people/napoleon-9420291

CHINA AND JAPANINTERACTIONSMIDDLE 1800S-1900 SSWH14 The student will analyze the Age of Revolutions and Rebellions. d. Examine the interaction of China and Japan with westerners; include the Opium War, the Taiping Rebellion, and Commodore Perry.

OPIUM WARSOpium Warstrading warsWestern nations gained commercial, TRADING privileges in China1.FIRST OPIUM WAR (183942) was between China and Britain2.SECOND OPIUM WAR (185660)AKA Arrow War or the Anglo-French War in China, UK AND FR VS. CHINA

The Opium Wars arose from Chinas attempts to suppress the opium trade British traders had been illegally exporting opium to ChinaThe resulting widespread addiction was causing serious social and economic disruption in the countryIn 1839 the Chinese government confiscated all opium warehoused at Canton by British merchants

Treaty of Nanjing 1842Treaties of Tianjin 1858 UNEQUAL TREATIESMORE FOREIGN TRAVEL, MORE CHRISTIAN MISSIONARIES, MORE TRADE PORTS FORCED OPEN INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WESTERNERS AND CHINESE NOT POSITIVE

TAIPING REBELLIONThe Taiping Rebellionmassive civil war in southern China1850 to 1864against the ruling Manchu-led Qing Dynastyled by Hong Xiuquan, who announced that he had received visions in which he learned that he was the younger brother of Jesus20 million people died, mainly civilians, in one of the deadliest military conflicts in history

Hong established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with its capital at NanjingHong started social reforms"property in commonequality for womenreplacement of Confucianism, Buddhism and Chinese folk religion with their form of Christianity

The Qing Dynasty -government eventually crushed the rebellion with the aid of UK AND FR.

MATTHEW PERRY1794-1858Commodore of the U.S. Navy role in the opening of JapanConvention of Kanagawa, 1854U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY INSTRUCTIONFATHER OF THE STEAM NAVY