Revolutions in Asia Intro: Assignment #1

Think about…violence vs. non-violence as a way to change society.

1.When (if ever) is violence justified in changing society?

2.What are some non-violent tactics people use?

3.When (if ever) is non-violence effective in making change?

New Unit Calendar!

DO NOW: Listen to the introductory information and take notes that are helpful to you. You do not have to write down everything.

Revolutions in Asia: WHOSimilar Goals: Different philosophies

“”An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind”

“Communism is not love. Communism is a hammer which we use to crush the enemy.”

Revolutions in Asia: HowMao:

Envisioned communist revolution of peasants

Used violent tactics to win Civil War with Nationalists

Used Totalitarian tactics as leader of China

Gandhi:Used non-violent tactics to end British rule in India-Protest-Hunger Strike-Boycott

Revolutions in Asia: WHYGandhi

- Wanted to bring India to a self-governing democratic state

Mao

Saw revolution as a means to gain rights for the poorest in society: the peasants, who experienced oppression from landlords and the government

As leader – used totalitarian tactics to keep party in power.

More on Mao Zedong later in the week….

‘

Modern day flag of India

Our topic today: India and Gandhi

Remember Imperialism?

Why did countries (like Great Britain, France, Belgium etc) want to create empires?

What do you remember about Imperialism in India?….British East India company….Sepoy rebellion….jewel in the crown….pros and cons (knife of sugar?)

Gandhi’s Major Goals in India1. Economic self-sufficiency

2. Hindu-Muslim unity

3. Abolish caste system – a strict class system that had existed for centuries.

4. Political independence

Taking an elitist movement to the masses – Mohandas K. Gandhi

elite, British-educated lawyer

Spent 20 years in South Africa before going to India

Mahatma – “Great Soul”

TO DO: Read pp.453-455 and 563-565 and fill in graphic organizer

If you finish early work on HW #1

How can Great Britain control so many Indians?

Using indirect rule – British control taxes, military…Indian rulers control local issues

An Indian voice in government?

Indian National Congress – elite Indian resistance group; home rule first…then fighting for independence

Amritsar Massacre (1919)British Indian army soldiers open-fire on ~5000 unarmed

Indians gathered for a rally

“home-spun”Cloth made IN INDIA, by INDIANS (why?)

• PUBLIC

• PROTEST OF AN UNFAIR LAW

• NON-VIOLENT

• INCLUDES A LOT OF PEOPLE

• PASSIVE!!!

Salt March (1930)Protesting British salt tax, Gandhi

leads 400km march to the sea to make his own salt

What purpose will this serve?

Warm – up: nonviolence?[paragraph] FREEWRITE: Gandhi said that the point of non-

violent resistance was to provoke a response – to “make injustice visible.” Do you think the philosophy of non-violent resistance is realistic in today’s world? Think about one or more of the following…

1. In what situations would it work? When would it not? Why?2. Would it have been possible to use non-violent means to “fight back”

against totalitarian rulers, like Hitler? Why or why not?3. Would it be “easy” to follow a life of non-violence? Explain.

India’s Independence…and Partition (1947)Religious unrest creation of Pakistan for India’s minority Muslim

population