(rhic beambeam team: m. bai, j. beebewang, j. bengtsson ... · new chromacity correction scheme 1)...

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On-line nonlinear chromaticity correction at Rhic store 1. General descriptions 2. On-line correction algorithm 3. On-line correction implementation (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. Beebe-Wang, J. Bengtsson*, R. Calaga*, W. FischerY. Luo , C.Montag, N. Malisky, S. TepikianD. Trbojevic, T. Roser,  ......)

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Page 1: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

On­line nonlinear chromaticity correction at Rhic store

1. General descriptions2. On­line correction algorithm3. On­line correction implementation

(RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. Beebe­Wang, J. Bengtsson*, R. Calaga*, W. Fischer, Y. Luo, C.Montag, N. Malisky, S. Tepikian, D. Trbojevic, T. Roser,  ......)

Page 2: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

New chromacity correction scheme

1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled, from 12 to 24.

2)This will enable us use multi­families for nonlinear chromaticity correction and 3Qx correction.

In early runs:SF, SD, SF, SD, SF, SD, SF, SD, SF, SD, SF, SD

In future runs( According to W. Scandale andS. Tepikian, AP­Note­45)Outer arcs: SFPO,SDPO,SFMO,SDMO,SFPO,SDPO,SFMO,SDMO,SFPO,SDPO,SFMO,SDMOInner arcs:SDPI, SFPI, SDMI, SFMI, SDPI, SFPI, SDMI, SFMI, SDPI, SFPI, SDMI, SFMI

3) However, the chromaticity correction scheme is not limited to 8 families.

Page 3: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

Nonlinear chromaticities with two sextupole families

Page 4: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

Off­line chromaticity correction for further dynamics study

1) Solution with MAD8:

Use Harmon module in MAD8 to minimize nonlinear chromaticities, then import the matching results to MADX for further studies.

2) Solutions with MADX:

Define your own matching objectives in a 'user macro', then use optimizing method like Simplex, Lddiff, Migrad, and Jocobian to do matching. Sometime this procedure is time­consuming.

3) Solution with Tracy­II

Write your own codes with Tracy­II accelerator library. You need know Tracy­II and at least C programing, nonlinear optimization, numerical recipe.

Page 5: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

On­line nonlinear chromaticity correction stratedge

1) Our goal, minimize nonlinear (2nd) chromaticities

      We can measure Q' , Q'' with Rf freq. Wiggling.      Do a polynomial fitting, then we get different oders of chromaticities.      Before this excise, globally decouple the machine first. 

2) Can we depend on off­line matching for on­line use

      Of course, if  your off­line optics model predicts the real machine well.       (on­line measuring Q'/Q''­­>off­line matching­­>feed in correction )

3) Then, we have to turn to direct on­line matching ( correction )

    Then how to implement this multidimensional nonlinear matching?

Page 6: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

4) Matching objective choosing

 First thought:  Chromaticities Q', Q'', even Q'''.  

 Smart choice: Off­momentum tunes

There are orders of differences in different orders of chromaticities, which gives difficulty to optimizer.

Match the off­momentum tunes onto the projected tunes only contributed from first order chromaticities.

To do so will minimize all nonlinear chromaticities.

And matching objectives are of same order. It will be easier for optimizer to handle.

Page 7: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

5) Optimizer: algorithm

A x= b 

 Measure off­momentum tune response matrix A 

 Set your wanted off­momentum tune changes b

How to: change each sextupole family strength to get  off­momentum tune changes, calculate derivatives Aij

 Solve the equation A x= b, x gives sextupole strengths changes

Newton­Ralphson Method is usedSVD to calculate A_invertParabolic interpolation to searching minimum error function

Problem of multidimensional nonlinear optimization

Actually we are doing on­line nonlinear matching.

Page 8: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

6) Off­line testing of this method

One example:

Before corr.

2 iterations

1 iteration1.9*10^(­4)

6*10^(­6)

2.4*10^(­3)

Implemented with Tracy_II.

Page 9: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

Off­momentun Qy changing during minimization

Page 10: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

7) How can I change Q', while I don't want change too much Q'' ?

Recipe I: with known A, calculate your x. Recipe II: simply scale all the eight family strength up or down.

 But, please be gentle while doing that.1% change will give you 1 unit Q' change.

Q'=­10, decreased 10%Q'=1

Page 11: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

On­line correction implementation

1) Need set up a small team to implement it.

S. Tepikian to help the matrix measurement and send back the correction strengths. Y. Luo responsible for the optimizer. May need an on­line GUI for this application.

2) Key point is how to get correct Jacobian matrix A

On­line measurement, if we are not luckOff­line calculation, if we are luck

3) Need to verify the technique to measure A on line High­resolution PLL, BBQ? 245MHz? 10^{­4} is required for 10% change in (k2dl).First try at injection in ion run, then use it at store in pp run.

Page 12: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

3Qx resonance correction at Rhic store

1. Analysis of BPM data taken from last run2. Off­line measurement/correction simulations3. Discussions

(RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. Beebe­Wang, J. Bengtsson*, R. Calaga*, W. Fischer, Y. Luo, C.Montag, N. Malisky, S. Tepikian, D. Trbojevic, T. Roser,  ......)

Page 13: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

1) The procedure of BPM TBT data analysis

From real space to normalized space

Analysis of BPM data taken from last run

Page 14: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

FFT of xn to get Qx FFT of (2Jx) to see 3Qx

Qx peak3Qx peak

|h30000| ~(Amp_3Qx)/(Jx0**1.5) Phase~(Phi_3Qx – 3* Phi_xn )

Spectrum analysis:

Page 15: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

2) Data taken on May_02_2006 (Qx~0.685)

Page 16: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

3) Data taken on Apr_14_2006

Page 17: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

Data taken on Apr_14_2006

Page 18: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

4) Summary of AC dipole TBT data analysis

 Measurement of 3Qx driving term with AC dipole was not fully verified in last run. 

 We saw not small  fluctuations in the h30000 amplitude and phase even under the same machine condition, which might due to the invalid AC dipole BPM TBT data.

 According to M. Bai: malfunction of AC dipole low­level signal generator (software) which affected the shaking frequency and amplitude.

 Off­line simulation is needed to guide the beam experiments.

Page 19: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

1) 'Measurements' with different oscillation amplitudes

The simulated measurement results repeat very well, disregarding oscillation amplitude changes. At injection, with 2mm amplitude at Q3(betx=48), we can see the 3Qx peak.

Off­line measurement/correction simulations(not completed)

Page 20: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

2) 'Measurements' with slightly shifted oscillation frequencies

If the shaking frequency is not too far from Qx ( less than 0.002), the simulated measurement results are acceptable. In beam experiments, we kicked beam with frequency Qx+/­ 0.001.

Page 21: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

3) 'Measurements' with different chromaticity settings.

The simulated measurement results are not sensitive to the chromaticity settings. In the beam experiment, we always used very low chromaticities. Simple change chromaticity will not change h30000 too much. 

Page 22: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

4) Simulation of correction  results with T matrix.

( effects to nonlinear  chromaticities, not confirmed yet )

Page 23: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

5) Simulation of 3Qx correction with IR b2 correctors

( haven't done yet... )

Page 24: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

Discussions

1) Observables: Driving term and beam decay

In the last run,  both driving term h30000 and beam decay were used as observables to 3Qx resonance correction. 

However, I personally like  driving term. It is quantized It tells us the relative amplitude and phase of  h30000.  We really depend on it for correction purpose.

Beam delay lacks direct and clear connection to 3Qx resonance correction. It can be as a final adjustment of our intended h30000 correction.

h30000 driving term measurement with AC dipole MUST be verified in the next run. It is the key to 3Qx correction.

Page 25: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

2) Driving term's amplitude and phase

In the last run, we continuously changed h30000's cosine and sine parts to check the height of 3Qx peak in FFT of Jx. However, we found intolerable fluctuations in the heights.

May we also check the measured h30000's phase to get the minimization direction.  Phase information is more important.

Page 26: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

3) Separate nonlinear chromaticity and 3Qx corrections

Chromaticities come from the sextupoles in the dispersion region. If there is no dispersion at one sextupole, it doesn't contribution to chromaticities. However, any sextupole will definitively contribute to the resonance driving terms. 

Sextupoles in the dispersion­free region are 'harmonic sextupoles'. Using  harmonic sextupoles for the resonance correction does not affect chromaticity. 

Can we use b2 IR correctors as semi­'harmonic sextupoles' for 3Qx correction? If YES, then we can split nonlinear chromaticity correction and 3Qx correction. Simulation are needed.  

Page 27: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

4)  Combine nonlinear chromaticity and 3Qx corrections

If we really have to use arc chromatic sextupoles for 3Qx correction,  we have to include the nonlinear chromaticity  correction in this correction procedure.

Operationally, we think that first­order sextupole geometric correction should be good enough.  And we may only be able to measure 3Qx driving term. To measure other driving terms  still is a problem. 

For example, combine h30000 term into nonlinear chromaticity response matrix. Will verify this with simulations.

Page 28: (RHIC beambeam team: M. Bai, J. BeebeWang, J. Bengtsson ... · New chromacity correction scheme 1) In the coming RHIC run, the number of arc sextupole power supplies will be doubled,

5) Plans 

 Reliable measurement of  h30000. (M. Bai, Y. Luo) Correct h30000 driving term. ( J. Bengtsson, N. Malisky, Y. Luo ) Using IR b2 correctors or other sextupoles. (R. Calaga, Y. Luo )  Simulations concerning 3Qx. (Y. Luo, R. Calaga,... )

Can we have beam experiment time in the ion run to verify driving term measurement? 

Final goal is to do 3Qx correction in the pp run at store.

More careful work needed: