RIETI BBL Seminar

Handout

November 1, 2016Moderator: Mr. Masashi WATANABE

http://www.rieti.go.jp/jp/index.html

Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI)

“Industry-Academia Collaborations for Open Innovation in Japan: OECD's latest survey as seen in cases from the United States and Europe”

November 2016Industry-University Collaboration Office, METI

Masashi WATANABE

Recent Japanese Policy for Enhancing Industry-Academia Collaboration

Activities

TLO (Technoogy LisencingOrganization) Act

1. History of Industry-Academia Collaboration Promotion Policy

Plan for establishing 1,000 university originated start-up companies

Angel tax system

Strengthening of angel tax system(Introduction of the income deduction system )

19961997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

19961997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Japanese Bayh-Dole Acts(Results of national contract research

belongs to contractors)

Incorporation of National Universities

Allowing National Universities to invest equity in University-originated start-up companies

Support for start-up companies

Establishment of High-Tech Innovation Centers(32centers)

“Under one roof” style Joint research

Industrial Competitiveness Enhancement Act

37 approved TLOs in October 2014

1

2nd Stage

“Revolution of structures for

technology transfer”

“Promotion of human

interchange among I-A-G”

Science and Technology Basic Plan

3rd Stage

1st Stage

“I-A-G collaboration as an important

measure to create innovation”

2015～ 2015～

4th Stage

5th Stage

Amendment of the Basic Act on Education

“Contribution to society” is placed as one of the main missions of universities

2. Several Important Policy Introductions

In 2013Industrial Competitiveness Enhancement ActAllowing National Universities to invest equity in University‐originated start‐up companies

2

In 2004Incorporation of National UniversitiesBefore 2004,national universities were part of the government and not incorporated.Since 2004,national universities have been incorporated and have increased their degree of freedom in activities,such as investment on approved TLOs and possession of patents.

Fukuoka(Hydrogen Energy Products Evaluation) Fukuoka(Hydrogen Energy Products Evaluation)

Nagoya(Materials for Green-Vehicles) Nagoya(Materials for Green-Vehicles)

Okayama (BioMaterials)

Sendai (Diabetes and Cancer)

Sapporo (Drug Development, Sugar Chain)

Niigata(Earthquake-resistant Nuclear tech. ）

Fukuoka（System-LSI）

Fukuoka (Medical Robotics）

Nagoya (LED)

Kyoto(Medical Equipment）

Kyoto (Storage Cells）

Osaka (Opt-tech)

Tokyo (Carbon Reduction Technology)Tokyo（Green IT）

Yokohama（Pharmaceuticals)Kawasaki（Experiment Animals）

Tokyo(Cancer Research）

Tsukuba (Robot technology/ Cybernics)

Tsukuba (Robot technology/ Cybernics)

Hokkaido(A closed-type transgenic plant factory))

Hokkaido(A closed-type transgenic plant factory))

Osaka(Drug development through Integration of Immunology and Regeneration)

Osaka(Drug development through Integration of Immunology and Regeneration)

Sendai (Rare-Metals)

Tokyo (Optical Catalysts)

Matsumoto (Medical Equipment)

Kyoto(Drug Development)

Kyoto (High-performance chemicals)

Fukuoka (Organic Electro-Luminescence)

Fukuoka (Fuel Cells）

Kobe (Medical Equipment)

Nagoya (Power Electronics)

Sendai (Material)

Yonezawa (Organic Electro-Luminescence)

Aizu (ICT)

３. Establishment of High-Tech Innovation Centers (32centers)

3

From 2008 to 2013, METI supported establishment of facilities of potential strongholds, in major regions, where Industry-Academia-Government get together “under one roof” in order to bridge leading technologies in the region for practical development. (subsidy up to 2/3 of the facility cost)

In addition, it is expected that such strongholds would provide venues for developing practical human resources related to such leading technologies.

0

30,000

60,000

90,000

120,000

150,000

180,000

210,000

0

4000

8000

12000

16000

20000

24000

85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 07 09 11 13

Amount fromcompanies

limited to nationaluniversities

Number

limited to nationaluniversities

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

84868890929496980002040608101214

(Number)

(FY)

Amount from companies

limited to nationaluniversitiesNumber

limited to nationaluniversities

Number of Joint Researches Number of Entrusted Researches

‘03→’142.6 times

4. Current Situation of Industry-Academia Collaboration(1)

(Number)

(FY)

‘03→’142.2 times

4

(Million YEN) (Million YEN)

Industry-Academia Collaboration in Japan has rapidly increased among the latest decade (ʼ03-ʼ14) in number and amount.

2009（％） 2013（％）

Japan 0.45 0.46 US 1.13 0.96

Germany 3.73 3.73UK 1.79 1.70

Korea 1.68 1.45China 4.04 3.19

Ratio of corporate R&D funding toward domestic universities in Japan

OECD “Research and Development Statistics”

Expense of each IA collaboration in Japan

Ratio of corporate R&D investment toward domestic universities in Japan remains less than 1% of all corporate R&D budget.

Expense of each IA collaboration in Japan remains small-scale (about less than 30K USD), compared to that in other countries(*).

(*) Collaboration expense in US usually accounts for more than 1 million USD

Less than 10k39%

10‐30k43%

30‐50k9%

50‐100k6%

Over 100k 4%

5

4. Current Situation of Industry-Academia Collaboration(2)

705

591

2,600

5,130

5,145

14,229

670

591

2,249

4,899

4,700

13,271

651

657

2,210

4,284

4,469

12,281

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000

number of university originated startups (newly developed)

number of commercialized productsderived from Univ. invention

licensing revenues to Univ.

number of new licencing contract byUniv.

patent utilization by Univ.

patent applications by Univ

USA '10

USA '11

USA '12

21

166

23

2,298

4,831

6,517

25

177

18

1,541

3,465

6,507

30

180

22

1,673

2,195

6,490

05,00010,000

Japan '10

Japan '11

Japan '12Japan USA

Comparison of I‐A Collaboration Activities between Japan and USA

patent applications by Univ.

patent utilization by Univ.

number of new licensing contact by Univ.

licensing revenues to Univ.

number of commercialized products derived from Univ.

invention

number of university or ignited start ups (newly developed)

6

4. Current Situation of Industry-Academia Collaboration(3)

There is a big gap in the number of commercialized products derived from Univ. invention between Japan & USA.

7

“Towards Strengthening of Industry-Academia-Government Joint Researches” (Feb. 2016) by the KEIDANREN (Japan Business Federation)

The need of promotion of full-scale industry academia-government collaboration with which the each organizationʼs top management will get involved

Reform of domestic universities and research institutes as following points are expected.

Universitiesʼ management function• Cross-sectional function toward well planning and management of

joint research Finance• Transparency of the purpose of joint research expenses Knowledge• Treatment of intellectual properties• Protection of corporate secrets Human Resource• Personnel exchange utilizing the mutual cross appoint systems

５. Policy toward “Full-scale” Industry-Academia Collaboration

“the Government will evolve industry-academia-government collaboration that has been just the collaboration between individual researchers and a single corporate organization (R&D division) and of which R&D amount per project has remained immaterial from a global point of view into a full-scale, thickly connected and sustainable industry-academia-government collaboration in which top managements of universities, national research and development corporations and companies will get involved (realization of a large-sized joint research project).”

The Government will “boost companiesʼ investments in universities and national research and development corporations by three times beyond the average levels of OECD member countries by FY2025. “

The related ministries will “formulate guidelines compiling prescriptions for and thoughts on those issues“ of universities and national research and development corporations seen from the industry.

8

The Japan Revitalization Strategy 2016 Japanese Govʼs strategy describes the clear policy & target toward

university reform for full-scale industry-academia-government collaboration.

9

Schedule toward formulation of GuidelineThe Council of Industry-Academia-Government Dialogues

for the Promotion of InnovationFocus on: approaches for deepening full-scale collaboration among the

sectors; specific actions needed to carry out and realize the approaches; and other initiatives, and discuss the roles and concrete measures

required from the respective sectors.

The Guideline WGFormulate the Guideline for Universities and Public Research Institutes toward Promotion of Industry-Academia Collaboration (tentative title)

<Schedule>27th July The Council #1

20th September The Guideline WG #113th October The Guideline WG #22nd November The Guideline WG #314th November The Guideline WG #4

30th November The Council #2

Formulate the Draft of the Guideline

Finalize the Guideline

Discussed the element of the Guideline