ROLE OF AYURVEDIC SPICES, HERBS AND HERBAL PRODUCTS IN HEALTH CARE

N.SRIKANTH

ASSISTANT DIRECTORM.M.Padhi Dy.DIRECTORG.S.Lavekar Ex- DIRECTOR GENERAL CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN AYURVEDA AND SIDDHA Department of AYUSHMinistry of Health & Family Welfare Govt. of India

HEALTH CARE PRACTICES HAVE EVOLVED ON THW BASIS

• Culture

• Philosophy

• Geographical conditions

• Flora & fauna and mineral resources

HEALTH CARE PRACTICES HAVE EVOLVED ON THW BASIS

• Culture

• Philosophy

• Geographical conditions

• Flora & fauna and mineral resources

HEALTH CARE PRACTICESHEALTH CARE PRACTICES

Plants, metals, minerals and animal products are extremely used in alleviating the wide range of disease conditions.

Use of natural products of medicinal value can be traced from remote past.

Man has been in pursuit of new substances that could cure illness and promote health and longevity.

AYURVEDA, one such science that philosophies is not merely treating the illness, but counter balancing the disequilibria that results in disease.

Plants, metals, minerals and animal products are extremely used in alleviating the wide range of disease conditions.

Use of natural products of medicinal value can be traced from remote past.

Man has been in pursuit of new substances that could cure illness and promote health and longevity.

AYURVEDA, one such science that philosophies is not merely treating the illness, but counter balancing the disequilibria that results in disease.

HISTORICAL PROSPECTIVE

AYURVEDAAYURVEDA

• Science of life

•a comprehensive system of health care of great antiquity

• based on experiential knowledge and grown with perpetual additions• Original dimensions of Ayurveda are in built in the ancient compendia of Indian

wisdom called Vedas - 6000 years back.

• Science of life

•a comprehensive system of health care of great antiquity

• based on experiential knowledge and grown with perpetual additions• Original dimensions of Ayurveda are in built in the ancient compendia of Indian

wisdom called Vedas - 6000 years back.

The knowledge expanded further had evolved fundamentals and concepts of Ayurveda and systematization in classical texts like Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Astanga Sangraha.

The knowledge expanded further had evolved fundamentals and concepts of Ayurveda and systematization in classical texts like Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Astanga Sangraha.

Present form of Ayurveda is the outcome of continued scientific inputs that has gone in to the evolution of its principles, theories and guidelines of healthy living and disease management.

Present form of Ayurveda is the outcome of continued scientific inputs that has gone in to the evolution of its principles, theories and guidelines of healthy living and disease management.

India is one of the 12 mega biodiversity centres having over 45,000 plant species.

• 16 different agroclimatic zones• 10 vegetative zones and • 15 biotic provinces

Our country has • 5,000–18,000 flowering plants• 23,000 fungi• 2500 algae• 1600 lichens• 1800 bryophytes and • 30 million micro-organisms5.

Drugs and Pharmaceuticals – Industry Highlights Incorporating Patent Information, CDRI, Lucknow, 1998, vol. 21, pp. 33–34.

India is one of the 12 mega biodiversity centres having over 45,000 plant species.

• 16 different agroclimatic zones• 10 vegetative zones and • 15 biotic provinces

Our country has • 5,000–18,000 flowering plants• 23,000 fungi• 2500 algae• 1600 lichens• 1800 bryophytes and • 30 million micro-organisms5.

Drugs and Pharmaceuticals – Industry Highlights Incorporating Patent Information, CDRI, Lucknow, 1998, vol. 21, pp. 33–34.

Indian biodiversity – Medicinal Flora Indian biodiversity – Medicinal Flora

SPICES SPICES

Definition:

A spice is a

- dried seed, fruit, root, bark, leaf, or vegetative substance - used in nutritionally insignificant quantities as a food additive - for the purpose of taste, flavour, colour, or as a preservative

Definition:

A spice is a

- dried seed, fruit, root, bark, leaf, or vegetative substance - used in nutritionally insignificant quantities as a food additive - for the purpose of taste, flavour, colour, or as a preservative

Uses of spices in AyurvedaUses of spices in Ayurveda• Dietary products

• Flavor/ fragrance

• Neutraceutical

• Preservative

• Anupana (vehicle for drug)

•As a Medicine

• Dietary products

• Flavor/ fragrance

• Neutraceutical

• Preservative

• Anupana (vehicle for drug)

•As a Medicine

Long pepper, Chilli, Turmeric,Cumin, Ginger,Curry leaf, Coriander, Cinnamon, Cardamom, Clove, Garlic, Onion

Spices as components of Masala Powders (Spice mixes)

Spices as components of Masala Powders (Spice mixes)

Make food Attractive and Palatable Impart

Typical aroma, Flavour, Pungency, Colour, Even texture

SPICES USED AS FOOD ADJUNCTS

SPICES USED AS FOOD ADJUNCTS

Some Important Spices mentioned in Ayurveda Some Important Spices mentioned in Ayurveda

Sl. No.

Sanskrit name English name Latin Name Family

1. Adraka/ shuntiGinger/ dry ginger

Zingiber officinale Roxb.

Zingiberaceae

2.Ahiphena beeja - Khus Khus Tila

Poppy seedPapaver somniferum Linn

Papavaraceae

3. Akupatri Cinnamon leafCinnamomum tamala (Buch-Ham) Nees & Eberm.

Lauraceae

4. Dalchini CinnamonCinnamimum zeylanicum Blume

Lauraceae

5. Dhanyaka Coriander seedCoriandrum sativum Linn

Apiaceae

6. Haldi Turmeric Curcuma longa Linn. Zingiberaceae

7. Hingu Asafoetida Ferula foetida Regel. Apiaceae

8. Jaiphala (aril) MaceMyristica fragrans Houtt.

Myristacaceae

9. Jaiphala (fruit) NutmegMyristica fragrans Houtt.

Myristacaceae

10. Jeeraka Cumin seedCuminum cyminum Linn

Apiaceae

Sl. No.

Sanskrit name English name Latin Name Family

Sl. No.

Sanskrit name English name Latin Name Family

11. Kajutaka Cashew nutAnacardium accidentale

Anacardiaceae

12. Kumkum(Kesara) Saffron C.Sativus Guttiferae

13.Krishna jeeraka(Shahjeera)

Black Caraway Carum carvi Apiaceae

14. Lasuna Garlic Allium sativum Linn. Liliaceae

15. Lavanga ClovesSyzygium aromaticum (Linn.) Merr M.Perry.

Myrtaceae

16. Maricha Black pepper Piper nigrum Piperaceae

17. Methika Fenugreek Trigonella foenum graecum Linn

Fabaceae

18. Misreya Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Mill Apiaceae

19. Palandu Onion Allium cepha Lilliaceae

20. Pippali Long pepper Piper longum Piperaceae

Sl. No.

Sanskrit name English name Latin Name Family

Sl. No.

Sanskrit name

English name Latin Name Family

21. Pudina Mint Mentha viridis Linn Lamiaceae

22.Rakta maricha

Chillies Capsicum annum Fabaceae

23. Sarshapa Mustard seed Brassica oleracia Brassicaceae

24. SaileyaBlack stone flower

Parmelia perlata (Huds.) Ach.

Parmeliaceae

25. SthulailaBlack (big) cardamom

Amomum subulatum Roxb Zingiberaceae

26. Sukshmaila Green (small) cardamom

Elettaria cardamomum (Linn.) R.Br.

Zingiberaceae

27. Surabhi NimbaCurry tree or sweet neem leaf

Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng

Rutaceae

28. Sweta maricha White pepper Piper longum Linn. Piperaceae

29. Tila Sesame seedSesamum indicum Linn.

Pedaliaceae

Sl. No.

Sanskrit name English name Latin Name Family

Name Chief Constituents

Arecanut Catechin, Arecolin

Asafoetida Mixed Allyl sulphides

Caraway Carvone

Cardamom Cineol, Borneol, Camphor

Celery Limonene

Chillies and

capsicum Capsaicin

Cinnamon bark Cinnamaldehyde

Name Chief Constituents

Arecanut Catechin, Arecolin

Asafoetida Mixed Allyl sulphides

Caraway Carvone

Cardamom Cineol, Borneol, Camphor

Celery Limonene

Chillies and

capsicum Capsaicin

Cinnamon bark Cinnamaldehyde

CHIEF CONSTITUENTS OF IMPORTANT SPICES CHIEF CONSTITUENTS OF IMPORTANT SPICES

DIETARY SPICES IN HEALTH AND DISEASES : I, Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 52 (2) : 106–122

Name Chief Constituents

Cinnamon leaves Eugenol

Clove Eugenol

Coriander leaf Decyladehyde

Coriander seeds Decyladehyde

Cumin, white Cinnamaldehyde

Curry leaf Pinene; dipentene

Dill Dillephole, Carvone

Name Chief Constituents

Cinnamon leaves Eugenol

Clove Eugenol

Coriander leaf Decyladehyde

Coriander seeds Decyladehyde

Cumin, white Cinnamaldehyde

Curry leaf Pinene; dipentene

Dill Dillephole, Carvone

Name Chief Constituents

Fennel Anethole, bitter alkaloid

Garlic Dilalkyl and trisulphides, Allicin

Ginger Camphene, Zingiberene,

Mace Pinene, camphene

Mustard Thioglucosides,

Nutmeg Myristicin, Geraniol,

Name Chief Constituents

Fennel Anethole, bitter alkaloid

Garlic Dilalkyl and trisulphides, Allicin

Ginger Camphene, Zingiberene,

Mace Pinene, camphene

Mustard Thioglucosides,

Nutmeg Myristicin, Geraniol,

CHIEF CONSTITUENTS OF IMPORTANT SPICES CHIEF CONSTITUENTS OF IMPORTANT SPICES

Name Chief Constituents

Onion Alkyl Disulphide

Poppy Opioids

Saffron Picrocrocin

Tamarind Tartaric Acid, Glucose

Turmeric Curcumin, Zingiberene

Name Chief Constituents

Onion Alkyl Disulphide

Poppy Opioids

Saffron Picrocrocin

Tamarind Tartaric Acid, Glucose

Turmeric Curcumin, Zingiberene

Spices – Therapeutic uses

Medicinal properties of spices recognized for a long time__________________________________________________________________________________________________ Spice Medicinal Properties______________________________________________________________________________________ Turmeric Anti-inflammatory, diuretic, laxative, good for affections of the liver, jaundice,(Curcuma longa) diseases of blood, wound healing, Asthma, other respiratory infections.

Red pepper Anti-inflammatory, for pain relief (Rheumatism & neuralgia); (Capsicum annuum) useful in indigestion, rubefacient.

Garlic Anti-dyspeptic, anti-flatulant, for ear infection, as rubefacient in skin diseases,(Allium sativum) anti-hypertensive Onion Diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, for bleeding piles(Allium cepa) Fenugreek Diuretic, emmenagogue, emollient, anti-diabeticuseful in heart diseases.(T. foenum-graecum)

Cumin (Cuminum Antispasmodic, carminative, digestive stimulantcymminum)

Coriander Anti-dyspeptic, flavourant(Coriandrum sativum)

•Blood cholesterol lowering (especially LDL-cholesterol)

•Garlic, Onion

•Capsaicin / Red pepper

•Curcumin / Turmeric

•Fenugreek

•Prevention of Low Density Lipoprotein oxidation

•Ability to inhibit platelet aggregation (Anti-thrombotic)

•Hypotensive property

Fenugreek Seeds

Onion

Garlic

Curcumin (Turmeric)

Cumin

Curry leaves

Curcumin (Turmeric)

Eugenol (Clove)

Capsaicin (Red chilli)

Garlic and its sulfur compounds

Onion and its sulfur compounds

Ginger

CURCUMIN (From TURMERIC)

CAPSAICIN (From Red Chilli)

GINGER

The medicines locally available (in immediate

surrounding) will be suitable for the person

(Patient) of that particular area. Evan if he resides

in other places, the medicines of similar origin and

properties should be used for him.

Sl. No.

Name of the spice

Therapeutic uses / Indications

1.Ginger/ dry ginger

Appetizer; useful in Cough, Rheumatoid arthritis, Piles, Bronchial asthma

2. Poppy seed Useful in Diarrhea, Cough, Cold, Asthma

3. Cinnamon leaf Appetizer, Digestive, Blood purifier, Diuretic

4. Cinnamon barkCorrects foul smell of mouth; useful in abdominal pain, indigestion

5. Coriander seedAppetizer, Digestive, Analgesic, Diuretic, Anti - inflammatory actions

6. TurmericAnti - inflammatory, Analgesic, Anti-septic; useful in Diabetes, Skin diseases, Fever, Anti-toxic

7. AsafoetidaAnalgesic, Appetizer, Digestive, Cardiac tonic, Anti-helminthic, Diuretic; useful in Bronchial asthma, Dysmenorrhea

8. Mace (aril)Anti - inflammatory, Analgesic, deodorant, anti-convulsant, Appetizer, Aphrodisiac ; useful in Skin disorders, Fevers

9. NutmegUseful in Insomnia, Pain, Indigestion, Diarrhea, Worm infestation, Cough, Bronchial asthma

10. Cumin seedAppetizer, Digestive, Anti-helminthic, Blood purifier, Diuretic; useful in Skin diseases, Fever

Sl. No.

Name of the spice

Therapeutic uses / Indications

Sl. No.

Name of the spice

Therapeutic uses

11. SaffronDeodorant, Brain tonic, Digestive, Antiemetic, Detoxicant; useful in Piles, Worm infestation, Skin diseases

12. GarlicDetoxicant, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Appetizer, Digestive, Diuretic

13.Black Caraway(Shahjeera)

Anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, Digestive, gives taste to the food; useful in Indigestion, Worm infestation, chronic fevers, Amoebiasis

14. ClovesAnti-helminthic, Appetizer, Digestive, gives taste, Aphrodisiac, Diuretic; useful in Bronchial asthma, Fevers

15. Black pepperUseful in Skin diseases, Indigestion, Liver disorders, Abdominal pain, Fevers

16. Fenugreek Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Nervine tonic, Digestive, General tonic

17. Fennel Cardiac tonic, Diuretic, Aphrodisiac, General tonic; useful in fevers, Nausea, Indigestion, Abdominal pain, Dysentery, Dysuria

18. OnionAnalgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Digestive, Appetizer, Carminative, Liver stimulant, Diuretic

19. Long pepperBrain tonic, Appetizer, Liver stimulant, Diuretic, Aphrodisiac; useful in Cough, Bronchial asthma, Skin diseases, Fevers

20. MintDeodorant , Analgesic, Appetizer, Anti-helminthic, Cardiac stimulant, Diuretic, detoxicant, Anti-pyretic

21. ChilliesAppetizer, Cardiac stimulant, Diuretic; useful in Fevers, Rheumatoid arthritis, Backache, Sciatica, Osteoarthritis, Anorexia

23. Mustard seedAnalgesic, Appetizer, Anti-helminthic, Cardiac stimulant, Diuretic; Useful in skin diseases,

Sl. No.

Name of the spice

Therapeutic uses

MEDICINAL PLANTS IN HEALTH CARE

Sl. No.

Name of the spice

Therapeutic uses

24.Black stone flower

Cardiac tonic, Appetizer, gives taste to the food; useful in skin diseases, renal stones, Bronchial asthma, Fevers, Headache, Urinary disorders

25.Black (big) cardamom

Deodorant, Analgesic, Carminative, Cardiac stimulant, Diuretic, Detoxicant; useful in Wound healing

26.Green (small) cardamom

Deodorant, Antiemetic, Appetizer, Digestive, carminative, Cardiac tonic, Diuretic, General tonic

27.Curry tree or sweet neem leaf

Appetizer, Digestive, Detoxicant; useful in Piles, Diarrhoea, Emesis, Fever, Helminthiasis, Dysentery, Colic

28. White pepperUseful in Skin diseases, Indigestion, Liver disorders, Abdominal pain, Fevers

29. Sesame seedAnalgesic, Hair tonic, Brain tonic, Appetizer, Aphrodisiac, general tonic; Useful in Dysmenorrhoea

Charaka classification of drugs in to groupsCharaka classification of drugs in to groups

• 50 Mahakashaya (Groups)

• Each group consists 10 drugs having similar properties/ actions

• 50 Mahakashaya (Groups)

• Each group consists 10 drugs having similar properties/ actions

Deepaneeya kashaya – StomachicsPippali, Pippalimula, Chavya, Chitaka, Shunti, Amlavetasa, Maricha, Ajamoda, Bhallatakasthi, Hingu niryasa

Deepaneeya kashaya – StomachicsPippali, Pippalimula, Chavya, Chitaka, Shunti, Amlavetasa, Maricha, Ajamoda, Bhallatakasthi, Hingu niryasa

Hridya kashaya – Cardiac TonicsAmra, Amrataka, Lakucha, Karamarda, Vrikshamla,

Amlavetasa, Kuvala, Badara, dadima, Matulunga

Hridya kashaya – Cardiac TonicsAmra, Amrataka, Lakucha, Karamarda, Vrikshamla,

Amlavetasa, Kuvala, Badara, dadima, Matulunga

Vishaghna kashaya – DetoxicantsHaridra, Suvaha, manjista, Sukshmaila, Palindi, Chandana,

Kataka, Shireesha, Sindhuvara, Shleshmataka

Vishaghna kashaya – DetoxicantsHaridra, Suvaha, manjista, Sukshmaila, Palindi, Chandana,

Kataka, Shireesha, Sindhuvara, Shleshmataka

Chardinigrahana kashaya – Anti-emeticsJambu, Amrapallava, Matulunga, Amlabadara, Dadima, Yava, Yasti, Usheera, Mrita, Laja

Chardinigrahana kashaya – Anti-emeticsJambu, Amrapallava, Matulunga, Amlabadara, Dadima, Yava, Yasti, Usheera, Mrita, Laja

Swasahara kashaya – Anti-asthmaticsShati, Puskaramula, Amlavetasa, Ela, Hingu, Aguru, Surasa, Tamalaki, Jeevanti, Chandana

Swasahara kashaya – Anti-asthmaticsShati, Puskaramula, Amlavetasa, Ela, Hingu, Aguru, Surasa, Tamalaki, Jeevanti, Chandana

Shothahara kashaya – Anti-inflammatory drugsBilwa, Agnimantha, Shyonaka, Patala, kashmari, Brihati,

Kantakari, Gokshura, Saliparni, Prishniparni

Shothahara kashaya – Anti-inflammatory drugsBilwa, Agnimantha, Shyonaka, Patala, kashmari, Brihati,

Kantakari, Gokshura, Saliparni, Prishniparni

Mahakashaya

Jwarahara kashaya – Anti-pyreticsSariva, Sarkara, Patha, Manjishta, Draksha, Peelu, Parushaka, Abhaya, Amalaka, Vibheetaka

Jwarahara kashaya – Anti-pyreticsSariva, Sarkara, Patha, Manjishta, Draksha, Peelu, Parushaka, Abhaya, Amalaka, Vibheetaka

Shulaprashamana kashaya – AnalgesicsPippali, Pippalimula, Chavya, Chitraka, Sringavera, Maricha, Ajamoda, Ajagandha, ajaji, Gandeera

Shulaprashamana kashaya – AnalgesicsPippali, Pippalimula, Chavya, Chitraka, Sringavera, Maricha, Ajamoda, Ajagandha, ajaji, Gandeera

Shonitaastapana kashaya – StypticsMadhu, Madhuka, Rudhira, Mocharasa, Mritkapala, Lodhra, Gairika, Priyangu, Sarkara, Laja

Shonitaastapana kashaya – StypticsMadhu, Madhuka, Rudhira, Mocharasa, Mritkapala, Lodhra, Gairika, Priyangu, Sarkara, Laja

Vayahstapana kashaya – Anti-inflammatory drugsAmrita, Abhaya, Dhatri, Mukta, Sweta, Jeevanti, Atirasa,

Madukaparni, Sthira, Punarnava

Vayahstapana kashaya – Anti-inflammatory drugsAmrita, Abhaya, Dhatri, Mukta, Sweta, Jeevanti, Atirasa,

Madukaparni, Sthira, Punarnava

Mahakashaya

Ayurvedic Herbal Products

Different dosage forms

1. Asava & Arista2. Arka3. Avaleha or Leha4. Kwatha5. Guggulu6. Ghrita7. Churna8. Taila9. Dravaka10. Lavana kshara

1. Asava & Arista2. Arka3. Avaleha or Leha4. Kwatha5. Guggulu6. Ghrita7. Churna8. Taila9. Dravaka10. Lavana kshara

11. Lepa12. Mandura 13. Vati/ Gutika14. Varti15. Netrabindu16. Anajana17. Sattwa18. Kupipakwarasarayana19. Pisti

11. Lepa12. Mandura 13. Vati/ Gutika14. Varti15. Netrabindu16. Anajana17. Sattwa18. Kupipakwarasarayana19. Pisti

Asava & AristaDefinition: Asavas and Aristas are meidicinal preparations made by soaking the drugs, either in powder form or in the form of deocoction (Kashaya), in a solution of sugar or jaggery, as the case may be, for a specified period of time, during which it undergoes a process of fermentation generating alcohol, thus facilitating the extraction of the active principles contained in the drugs. The alcohol, so generated, also serves as a preservative.

Asava & AristaDefinition: Asavas and Aristas are meidicinal preparations made by soaking the drugs, either in powder form or in the form of deocoction (Kashaya), in a solution of sugar or jaggery, as the case may be, for a specified period of time, during which it undergoes a process of fermentation generating alcohol, thus facilitating the extraction of the active principles contained in the drugs. The alcohol, so generated, also serves as a preservative.

Abhayarista Amritarista

Aravindasava Asokarista

Aswagandhadyarista Ahiphenasava

Usherasava Kanakasava

Karpurasava Kutajarista

Kumaryasava

ArkaDefinition: Arka is a liquid preparation obtained by distillation of certain liquids or drugs soaked in water using the Arkayantra or any convenient modern distillation apparatus.

ArkaDefinition: Arka is a liquid preparation obtained by distillation of certain liquids or drugs soaked in water using the Arkayantra or any convenient modern distillation apparatus.

Avaleha or LehaDefinition: Avaleha or Lehya is a semi-solid preparation of drugs, prepared with addition of jaggery, sugar or sugar-candy and boiled with prescribed drug juice or decoction.

Avaleha or LehaDefinition: Avaleha or Lehya is a semi-solid preparation of drugs, prepared with addition of jaggery, sugar or sugar-candy and boiled with prescribed drug juice or decoction.

Ajamodarka Karpuradyarka

Jatamamsyarka Misreyarka

Agastya Haritaki Aswagandhadi lehya

Eladya Modaka Kantakaryavalehya

Kalyanaka guda Kutajavalehya

Kusmadaka Rasayana Chyavanaprasha

Ghrita/ TailaDefinition: Ghrita/ Taila are preparations in which ghee/ oil is boiled with prescribed Kashayas (decoctions) and kalkas of drugs according to the formula. This process ensures absorption of the active therapeutic principles of the ingredients used.

Ghrita/ TailaDefinition: Ghrita/ Taila are preparations in which ghee/ oil is boiled with prescribed Kashayas (decoctions) and kalkas of drugs according to the formula. This process ensures absorption of the active therapeutic principles of the ingredients used.

Amrita ghrita Amritaprasa ghrita

Amritabhallataka ghrita Asoka ghrita

Indukanta ghrita Eladi ghrita

Kalyanaka ghrita Kasisadi ghrita

Changeri ghrita Chagalyadi ghrita

Jatyadi ghrita Jivantyadi ghrita

Tiktaka ghrita Triphala ghrita

Dasamula ghrita

ChurnaDefinition: Churna is a fine powder of drug or drugs.ChurnaDefinition: Churna is a fine powder of drug or drugs.

Lepa Definition: Medicines in the form of a paste used for external application are called lepas.

Lepa Definition: Medicines in the form of a paste used for external application are called lepas.

Ajamodadi churna Avipattikara churna Amalakyadi churna Eladi churna

Chitrakadi churna Jatiphaladya churna Talisadya churna Trikatu churna

Triphala churna Drakshadi churna Navayasa churna Narasimha churna

Panchasama churna Pushyanuga churna Bhallataka churna Rajanyadi churna

Samangadi churna Samudradya churna Sitopaladi churna Sudarsana churna

Hingwastaka churna Hingwadi churna Hinguvachadi churna

Avalgujadi lepa Grihadhumadi lepa Dashanga lepa Pathyadi lepa

Rasottamadi lepa Sothaghna lepa Sindhuradi lepa

Dasa kupa samo vapi----------

10 Wells = 1 Pond

10 Ponds = 1 Lake

10 Lakes = 1 Child

10 children =1 plant

---------- dasa putra samo dhrumah

Advocacy on conservation and cultivation of plants (Vriksha Ayurveda )

Sham na oushadhir vanino bhavanthuh …….….be gracious to forests enriched with medicinal plants

Shamno raja sthapathirasthu vishnu-------