romanic words as integral elements of modern english vocabulary

8/13/2019 Romanic Words as Integral Elements of Modern English Vocabulary

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Romanic Words as Integral Elements of

Modern English Vocabulary

Author Cristina MndruScientific adviser Inga Stoianova


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IntroductionThere are different spheres of our daily life there anumber of Romance lexical units are used:

in different literary and scientific works;

in modern newspapers or magazines articles;

in daily advertisements or publicities;

in daily interactions of people from different

cultures; in different social establishments or events with a

hint or cue to a specific Romanic culture.


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The main aim of our research:

the analysis of the Romance loans;

the frequency of their usage;

the linguistic treatment in current English text with examples of

translation from British and American broad-sheet journalism.

The main objectives:

to point out some historical facts that led to the English becoming

interspersed with French, Italian and Spanish elements;

to study the peculiarities of Romance loan words functioning in

modern English;

to analyze the usage of Romance lexical units in different

subtypes of the English language, such as: fashion, cuisine and

mass-media.


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The Norman conquest of England in the 11thled to the English language becoming

interspersed with French elements. The historical event occurred at the end of the

Old English period, when William, Duke of Normandy was crowned King of England

at Christmas in 1066. After the conquest, we find a stream of French words entering

the English vocabulary as:prisun(prison), tur(tower), market, rent, justice.


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History of Anglo-Italian ContactUnlike the Norman French, the Italian

of the 16th century court is not primarily a

language of communication, rather asymbol of culture, education and good

manners.

Italian loans reflected the values of the English court: Physical appearance: inanulate, mustachio;

Mental skill: genio, grandezza;

Skill in the art of fighting:falconet, pistoletto;

Pleasure:pomada, punto dritto, punto riverso;

Social appreciation and esteem: ingentilize.


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Lexico-Stylistic Features of French Loan Words

Standard Types of English Exploitation of a Set Expression or Idiom:

Avant garde:

It is reckoned to be thoroughly deriere garde;

Garden ornaments: Art for the avant-gardener;

Deja vu:

The US may be headed for deja voodoo;

A strong sense of deja claret and blue (rhyming slang for Aston Villa football

colours);

Hors-d'oeuvre:

Ordure (with French intonation, sounds like hors d'oeuvre); Tete a tete:

A Tete a tete. The future of London's Gallery.


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Features of Italianisms Functioning in English

Phonetic Characteristics Vowel endings: casino, confetti, opera, novella, etc;

The presence of double consonants:fettucini, espresso, sonnet, giraffe, umbrella, lotto,

and so on.

The tonic stress: open oformaggio and closed obomba, open egentileand closed

espesso, voiced zzero, slasagne, voiceless ssfera, zinfluenza, zzpizza. The predominance of the penultimate stress: bravura, pellagra, volcano, Panini.

False Italianisms in English

Autonomous compounds Tutti-frutti(tutti+frutti);

Autonomous derivatives Pepperoni(pepper+ -oni);

Compound ellipses Latte(from caffelatte);


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Peculiarities of Spanish Words Functioning in English

The suffixes that betray Spanish origin include:

teria(washeteria, cafeteria); aroo(jivaroo, wackaroo, etc.);

eroo(swingeroo, stinkeroo);

esta (


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Romance Lexical Units in the Language of FashionA striking number of Romance lexical units are used in English fashion magazines to

highlight the European elegant haut monde. The fact could be explained by the topic that

is related to the worlds fashion centers Paris, Milan, Barcelona; the uniqueness of the

Romanic sound and the journalistic style.


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Italian Loanwords

Model from modello

Paparazzi

Casino

Bronze from bronzo

Pantaloons

Grotesque fromgrottesco

Alert from allerta Bravado from bravata


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Romanisms in the Language of Cuisine

French Loanwords

Hors d'oeuvre

Quiche

Croissant

Dessert

Bouillon

Pate Puree

Compote

Champagne

Liqueur

Charcuterie

Chef

Buffet

Bistro

Menu

Restaurant


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Spanish Loanwords

Tapa

Chocolate Avocado

Papaya

Pimiento

Oregano

Sangra

Mojito

Barbecue frombarbacoa

Tomatoes fromtomates

Potatoes frompatatas


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Romanic Borrowings in the Language of Mass-

MediaFrench Loanwords

Sang-froid Clich

Bourgeoisie

Madame

Bon viveur

Haut monde

Entrepreneur

Contestant

Urbane

Caricature


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Spanish Loanwords Armada Cargo

Guerrilla

Mulatto Mosquito

Tequila

Nacho

Tornado

Toreador

Matador

Toro

Flamenco Castanet

Plaza

Patio

Ranch


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Conclusion The Romance words are widely used in English to serve a number of purposes:

This study has raised questions for the future:

Romance borrowings are welcomed into English on condition that they will not

lose all identity; on the contrary, they are appreciated for their rather charming

foreign eccentricities, even brought out and paraded around on occasion.

to fill the lacunae or gaps in English;

to associate the writer with European elegant haut monde;

to create particular stylistic effects;

to enable culture interaction.

the kinds of words and phrases that have been adopted;

the relative frequencies of these phenomena;

the changes in their use over time;

a detailed look at the stylistic and other roles that Romance loanwords play.

romanic words as integral elements of modern english vocabulary

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