rss really simple syndication. overview rss is a web content syndication format rss documents are...
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OverviewOverview
RSS is a web content syndication formatRSS documents are XML and must
conform to the xml 1.0 recommendationRSS files are used to keep subscribers
informed about the most recent updates to news, blogs, discussion groups, site postings, etc.
Versions of RSSVersions of RSS
First began as scripting news in 1997RSS 0.90 was designed for use with Netscape
1999(had an RDF header)RSS 0.91 (1999) more standard, no RDF
headerRSS 0.92 which is 0.91 with optional
elementsRSS 1.0, Developed by a private group at
O’Reilly –again has an RDF header (2000)RSS 2.0 –basically a modification of 0.92
(2003)
Basics of RSS 2.0Basics of RSS 2.0
The root element of the document is <rss version=“2.0”>It has no namespaces, though namespaces
can be added to accommodate extensions to rss and inclusion of other xml vocabularies
The <rss> element has a single child, the<channel> element
The <channel> ElementThe <channel> Element
The <channel> element can contain several elements. Most contain metadata about the rss feed
Three elements are required and several are optional
Additionally the <channel> element contains one or more <item> elements
The <item> elements contain the description and links of the syndicated content
Required Elements of <channel>Required Elements of <channel>
Element Description Example
title The name of the channel
NPR topics: News
link The URL to the website corresponding to the channel
http://www.npr.org
description A few words describing the channel
Current news stories from NPR
Optional Elements of <channel>Optional Elements of <channel>
Element Description Example
language The language the channel is written in
en-us
copyright Copyright notice Copyright 2007 NPR
managingEditor Email address for person responsible for editorial content
webMaster Email for the web master
pubDate Publication date. Conforms to RFC 82
Sat, 07 Sep 2002 00:00:01 GMT
lastBuildDate Date of last build Sat, 07 Sep 2002 00:00:01 GMT
category Specify one or more categories that the feed belongs to
<category> Science </category>
Optional Elements ContinuedOptional Elements Continued
Element Description Example
generator A string indicating the generator used to generate the channel
MightyInHouse Content System v2.3
docs A URL that points to the documentation for the format used
http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss
cloud Allows a processor to register with the cloud to be notified of updates to the channel
<cloud domain="rpc.sys.com" port="80" path="/RPC2" registerProcedure="pingMe" protocol="soap"/>
ttl Time to live in minutes <ttl>60</ttl>
image Specifies an image that can be displayed with the feed
Optional Elements (End)Optional Elements (End)
Element Description Example
rating The PICs rating for the channel
textInput Specifies a text input box that can be displayed with the channel
skipHours A hint for aggregators about what hours they can skip
skipDays The same for days
The <item> ElementThe <item> Element
A channel many contain any number of items
The items may represent a link to a story or a resource or they may be complete in themselves
All child elements of <item> are optional however at minimum at least a title or description must be present
Elements of <item>Elements of <item>
Element Description Example
title The title of the item Mars Phoenix successfully lands near polar ice cap
link The URL of the item http://www.nasa.gov/mars/phoenix
description The description of the item (can contain entity escaped html)
At 5:45 this afternoon eastern time the Phoenix probe entered the Martian atmospher
author Email address of the author
category Includes the item in a category
Elements of <item> ContinuedElements of <item> Continued
Element Description Example
comments URL for a page of comments related to the item
enclosure Description of media object attached to item
guid String that uniquely identifies the item
http://inessential.com/2002/09/01.php#a2
pubDate Publication date of the item
source Rss channel that the item came from
RSS Example Channel RSS Example Channel MetainformationMetainformation
<?xml version="1.0"?><rss version="2.0”> <channel> <title cf:type="text">Lift Off News</title> <link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/</link> <description>Liftoff to Space Exploration.</description> <language>en-us</language> <pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2003 04:00:00 GMT</pubDate> <lastBuildDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2003 09:41:01 GMT</lastBuildDate> <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs> <generator>Weblog Editor 2.0</generator> <managingEditor>[email protected]</managingEditor> <webMaster>[email protected]</webMaster> <ttl>5</ttl>
RSS Example ItemsRSS Example Items
<item> <title cf:type="text">Star City</title> <link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/news/2003/news-starcity.asp</link> <description>How do Americans get ready to work with Russians aboard the International Space Station? They take a crash course in culture, language and protocol at Russia's Star City.</description> <pubDate>Tue, 03 Jun 2003 09:39:21 GMT</pubDate> <guid>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/06/03.html#item573</guid> </item> <item> <title>Space Exploration</title> <link>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/</link> <description>Sky watchers in Europe, Asia, and parts of Alaska and Canada will experience a partial eclipse of the Sun on Saturday, May 31st.</description> <pubDate>Fri, 30 May 2003 11:06:42 GMT</pubDate> <guid>http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/05/30.html#item572</guid> </item> </channel></rss>