rules of court civpro

7/31/2019 RULEs of Court Civpro

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RULE 1GENERAL PROVISONS

Section 1. Title of the Rules.

These Rules shall be known an cite as the Rules of !ou"t.Sec. #. In what cou"ts a$$licable.

These Rules shall a$$l% in all the cou"ts& e'ce$t as othe"wise $"o(ie b% theSu$"e)e !ou"t.

Sec. *. !ases +o(e"ne.These Rules shall +o(e"n the $"oceu"e to be obse"(e in actions& ci(il o"c"i)inal& an s$ecial $"oceein+s.,a- A ci(il action is one b% which a $a"t% sues anothe" fo" the enfo"ce)ent o"$"otection of a "i+ht& o" the $"e(ention o" "e"ess of a w"on+.A ci(il action )a% eithe" be o"ina"% o" s$ecial. oth a"e +o(e"ne b% the "ules fo"o"ina"% ci(il actions& sub/ect to the s$ecific "ules $"esc"ibe fo" a s$ecial ci(ilaction.,b- A c"i)inal action is one b% which the State $"osecutes a $e"son fo" an act o"

o)ission $unishable b% law.,c- A s$ecial $"oceein+ is a "e)e% b% which a $a"t% seeks to establish a status&a "i+ht& o" a $a"ticula" fact.

Sec. 0. In what cases not a$$licable.These Rules shall not a$$l% to election cases& lan "e+ist"ation& caast"al&natu"aliation an insol(enc% $"oceein+s& an othe" cases not he"ein $"o(iefo"& e'ce$t b% analo+% o" in a su$$leto"% cha"acte" an whene(e" $"acticable ancon(enient.

Sec. 2. !o))ence)ent of action.A ci(il action is co))ence b% the filin+ of the o"i+inal co)$laint in cou"t. If anaitional efenant is i)$leae in a late" $leain+& the action is co))ence

with "e+a" to hi) on the ate of the filin+ of such late" $leain+& i""es$ecti(e ofwhethe" the )otion fo" its a)ission& if necessa"%& is enie b% the cou"t.Sec. 3. !onst"uction.

These Rules shall be libe"all% const"ue in o"e" to $"o)ote thei" ob/ecti(e ofsecu"in+ a /ust& s$ee% an ine'$ensi(e is$osition of e(e"% action an$"oceein+.

CIVIL ACTIONS

ORDINARY CIVIL ACTIONS

[Rules 2 to 5]

RULE #!AUSE O4 A!TION

Section 1. O"ina"% ci(il actions& basis of.

E(e"% o"ina"% ci(il action )ust be base on a cause of action.Sec. #. !ause of action& efine.


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A cause of action is the act o" o)ission b% which a $a"t% (iolates a "i+ht ofanothe".

Sec. *. One suit fo" a sin+le cause of action.A $a"t% )a% not institute )o"e than one suit fo" a sin+le cause of action.

Sec. 0. S$littin+ a sin+le cause of action5 effect of.

If two o" )o"e suits a"e institute on the basis of the sa)e cause of action& thefilin+ of one o" a /u+)ent u$on the )e"its in an% one is a(ailable as a +"oun fo"the is)issal of the othe"s.

Sec. 2. 6oine" of causes of action.A $a"t% )a% in one $leain+ asse"t& in the alte"nati(e o" othe"wise& as )an%causes of action as he )a% ha(e a+ainst an o$$osin+ $a"t%& sub/ect to thefollowin+ conitions7

,a- The $a"t% /oinin+ the causes of action shall co)$l% with the "ules on/oine" of $a"ties5

,b- The /oine" shall not inclue s$ecial ci(il actions o" actions +o(e"neb% s$ecial "ules5

,c- 8he"e the causes of action a"e between the sa)e $a"ties but $e"tainto iffe"ent (enues o" /u"isictions& the /oine" )a% be allowe in theRe+ional T"ial !ou"t $"o(ie one of the causes of action falls within the

/u"isiction of sai cou"t an the (enue lies the"ein5 an

,- 8he"e the clai)s in all the causes of action a"e $"inci$all% fo" "eco(e"%of )one%& the a++"e+ate a)ount clai)e shall be the test of /u"isiction.

Sec. 3. 9is/oine" of causes of action.9is/oine" of causes of action is not a +"oun fo" is)issal of an action. A)is/oine cause of action )a%& on )otion of a $a"t% o" on the initiati(e of thecou"t& be se(e"e an $"oceee with se$a"atel%.

RULE *PARTIES TO !IVIL A!TIONS

Section 1. 8ho )a% be $a"ties5 $laintiff an efenant.

Onl% natu"al o" /u"iical $e"sons& o" entities autho"ie b% law )a% be $a"ties in aci(il action. The te") :$laintiff: )a% "efe" to the clai)in+ $a"t%& the counte";clai)ant& the c"oss;clai)ant& o" the thi" ,fou"th& etc.- $a"t% $laintiff. The te"):efenant: )a% "efe" to the o"i+inal efenin+ $a"t%& the efenant in acounte"clai)& the c"oss;efenant& o" the thi" ,fou"th& etc.- $a"t% efenant.

Sec. #. Pa"ties in inte"est.A "eal $a"t% in inte"est is the $a"t% who stans to be benefite o" in/u"e b% the

/u+)ent in the suit& o" the $a"t% entitle to the a(ails of the suit. Unless

othe"wise autho"ie b% law o" these Rules& e(e"% action )ust be $"osecute o"efene in the na)e of the "eal $a"t% in inte"est.

Sec. *. Re$"esentati(es as $a"ties.8he"e the action is allowe to be $"osecute o" efene b% a "e$"esentati(e o"so)eone actin+ in a fiucia"% ca$acit%& the beneficia"% shall be inclue in thetitle of the case an shall be ee)e to be the "eal $a"t% in inte"est. A"e$"esentati(e )a% be a t"ustee of an e'$"ess t"ust& a +ua"ian& an e'ecuto" o"a)inist"ato"& o" a $a"t% autho"ie b% law o" these Rules. An a+ent actin+ in his


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own na)e an fo" the benefit of an unisclose $"inci$al )a% sue o" be suewithout /oinin+ the $"inci$al e'ce$t when the cont"act in(ol(es thin+s belon+in+ tothe $"inci$al.

Sec. 0. S$ouses as $a"ties.


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8hen the sub/ect )atte" of the cont"o(e"s% is one of co))on o" +ene"al inte"estto )an% $e"sons so nu)e"ous that it is i)$"acticable to /oin all as $a"ties& anu)be" of the) which the cou"t fins to be sufficientl% nu)e"ous an"e$"esentati(e as to full% $"otect the inte"ests of all conce"ne )a% sue o" efenfo" the benefit of all. An% $a"t% in inte"est shall ha(e the "i+ht to inte"(ene to

$"otect his ini(iual inte"est.Sec. 1*. Alte"nati(e efenants.8he"e the $laintiff is unce"tain a+ainst who of se(e"al $e"sons he is entitle to"elief& he )a% /oin an% o" all of the) as efenants in the alte"nati(e& althou+h a"i+ht to "elief a+ainst one )a% be inconsistent with a "i+ht of "elief a+ainst theothe".

Sec. 10. Unknown ientit% o" na)e of efenant.8hene(e" the ientit% o" na)e of a efenant is unknown& he )a% be sue asthe unknown owne"& hei"& e(isee& o" b% such othe" esi+nation as the case )a%"e=ui"e5 when his ientit% o" t"ue na)e is isco(e"e& the $leain+ )ust bea)ene acco"

Sec. 12. Entit% without /u"iical $e"sonalit% as efenant.8hen two o" )o"e $e"sons not o"+anie as an entit% with /u"iical $e"sonalit%ente" into a t"ansaction& the% )a% be sue une" the na)e b% which the% a"e+ene"all% o" co))onl% known.

In the answe" of such efenant& the na)es an a"esses of the $e"sonsco)$osin+ sai entit% )ust all be "e(eale.

Sec. 13. Beath of $a"t%5 ut% of counsel.8hene(e" a $a"t% to a $enin+ action ies& an the clai) is not the"eb%e'tin+uishe& it shall be the ut% of his counsel to info") the cou"t within thi"t%,*- a%s afte" such eath of the fact the"eof& an to +i(e the na)e an a"essof his le+al "e$"esentati(e o" "e$"esentati(es. 4ailu"e of counsel to co)$l% with

this ut% shall be a +"oun fo" isci$lina"% action.The hei"s of the ecease )a% be allowe to be substitute fo" the ecease&

without "e=ui"in+ the a$$oint)ent of an e'ecuto" o" a)inist"ato" an the cou"t)a% a$$oint a +ua"ian a lite) fo" the )ino" hei"s.The cou"t shall fo"thwith o"e" sai le+al "e$"esentati(e o" "e$"esentati(es toa$$ea" an be substitute within a $e"io of thi"t% ,*- a%s f"o) notice.

If no le+al "e$"esentati(e is na)e b% the counsel fo" the ecease $a"t%& o" ifthe one so na)e shall fail to a$$ea" within the s$ecifie $e"io& the cou"t )a%o"e" the o$$osin+ $a"t%& within a s$ecifie ti)e& to $"ocu"e the a$$oint)ent ofan e'ecuto" o" a)inist"ato" fo" the estate of the ecease an the latte" shalli))eiatel% a$$ea" fo" an on behalf of the ecease. The cou"t cha"+es in

$"ocu"in+ such a$$oint)ent& if ef"a%e b% the o$$osin+ $a"t%& )a% be "eco(e"eas costs.

Sec. 1>. Beath o" se$a"ation of a $a"t% who is a $ublic office".8hen a $ublic office" is a $a"t% in an action in his official ca$acit% an u"in+ its$enenc% ies& "esi+ns& o" othe"wise ceases to hol office& the action )a% becontinue an )aintaine b% o" a+ainst his successo" if& within thi"t% ,*- a%safte" the successo" takes office o" such ti)e as )a% be +"ante b% the cou"t& it issatisfacto"il% shown to the cou"t b% an% $a"t% that the"e is a substantial nee fo"


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continuin+ o" )aintainin+ it an that the successo" ao$ts o" continues o"th"eatens to ao$t o" continue the action of his $"eecesso". efo"e a substitutionis )ae& the $a"t% o" office" to be affecte& unless e'$"essl% assentin+ the"eto&shall be +i(en "easonable notice of the a$$lication the"efo" an acco"e ano$$o"tunit% to be hea".

Sec. 1?. Inco)$etenc% o" inca$acit%.If a $a"t% beco)es inco)$etent o" inca$acitate& the cou"t& u$on )otion withnotice& )a% allow the action to be continue b% o" a+ainst the inco)$etent o"inca$acitate $e"son assiste b% his le+al +ua"ian o" +ua"ianad litem.

Sec. 1@. T"ansfe" of inte"est.In case of an% t"ansfe" of inte"est& the action )a% be continue b% o" a+ainst theo"i+inal $a"t%& unless the cou"t u$on )otion i"ects the $e"son to who) theinte"est is t"ansfe""e to be substitute in the action o" /oine with the o"i+inal$a"t%.

Sec. #. Action on cont"actual )one% clai)s.8hen the action is fo" "eco(e"% of )one% a"isin+ f"o) cont"act& e'$"ess o"

i)$lie& an the efenant ies befo"e ent"% of final /u+)ent in the cou"t inwhich the action was $enin+ at the ti)e of such eath& it shall not be is)issebut shall instea be allowe to continue until ent"% of final /u+)ent. A fa(o"able

/u+)ent obtaine b% the $laintiff the"ein shall be enfo"ce in the )anne"es$eciall% $"o(ie in these Rules fo" $"osecutin+ clai)s a+ainst the estate of aecease $e"son.

Sec. #1. Ini+ent $a"t%.A $a"t% )a% be autho"ie to liti+ate his action& clai) o" efense as an ini+ent ifthe cou"t& u$on an e' $a"te a$$lication an hea"in+& is satisfie that the $a"t% isone who has no )one% o" $"o$e"t% sufficient an a(ailable fo" foo& shelte" anbasic necessities fo" hi)self an his fa)il%.

Such autho"it% shall inclue an e'e)$tion f"o) $a%)ent of ocket an othe"lawful fees& an of t"ansc"i$ts of steno+"a$hic notes which the cou"t )a% o"e" tobe fu"nishe hi). The a)ount of the ocket an othe" lawful fees which theini+ent was e'e)$te f"o) $a%in+ shall be a lien on an% /u+)ent "ene"e inthe case fa(o"able to the ini+ent& unless the cou"t othe"wise $"o(ies.

An% a(e"se $a"t% )a% contest the +"ant of such autho"it% at an% ti)e befo"e/u+)ent is "ene"e b% the t"ial cou"t. If the cou"t shoul ete")ine afte" hea"in+that the $a"t% ecla"e as an ini+ent is in fact a $e"son with sufficient inco)e o"$"o$e"t%& the $"o$e" ocket an othe" lawful fees shall be assesse an collecteb% the cle"k of cou"t. If $a%)ent is not )ae within the ti)e fi'e b% the cou"t&e'ecution shall issue fo" the $a%)ent the"eof& without $"e/uice to such othe"

sanctions as the cou"t )a% i)$ose.Sec. ##. Notice to the Solicito" Gene"al.

In an% action in(ol(in+ the (aliit% of an% t"eat%& law& o"inance& e'ecuti(e o"e"&$"esiential ec"ee& "ules o" "e+ulations& the cou"t& in its isc"etion& )a% "e=ui"ethe a$$ea"ance of the Solicito" Gene"al who )a% be hea" in $e"son o" th"ou+h a"e$"esentati(e ul% esi+nate b% hi).

RULE 0


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VENUE O4 A!TIONS

Section 1. Venue of "eal actions.

Actions affectin+ title to o" $ossession of "eal $"o$e"t%& o" inte"est the"ein& shall beco))ence an t"ie in the $"o$e" cou"t which has /u"isiction o(e" the a"ea

whe"ein the "eal $"o$e"t% in(ol(e& o" a $o"tion the"eof& is situate.

4o"cible ent"% an etaine" actions shall be co))ence an t"ie in the)unici$al t"ial cou"t of the )unici$alit% o" cit% whe"ein the "eal $"o$e"t% in(ol(e&o" a $o"tion the"eof& is situate.

Sec. #. Venue of $e"sonal actions.All othe" actions )a% be co))ence an t"ie whe"e the $laintiff o" an% of the$"inci$al $laintiffs "esies& o" whe"e the efenant o" an% of the $"inci$alefenants "esies& o" in the case of a non;"esient efenant whe"e he )a% befoun& at the election of the $laintiff.

Sec. *. Venue of actions a+ainst non;"esients.If an% of the efenants oes not "esie an is not foun in the Phili$$ines& anthe action affects the $e"sonal status of the $laintiff& o" an% $"o$e"t% of sai

efenant locate in the Phili$$ines& the action )a% be co))ence an t"ie inthe cou"t of the $lace whe"e the $laintiff "esies& o" whe"e the $"o$e"t% o" an%$o"tion the"eof is situate o" foun.

Sec. 0. 8hen Rule not a$$licable.This Rule shall not a$$l%7,a- In those cases whe"e a s$ecific "ule o" law $"o(ies othe"wise5 o"

,b- 8he"e the $a"ties ha(e (alil% a+"ee in w"itin+ befo"e the filin+ of the actionon the e'clusi(e (enue the"eof.

RULE 2UNI4OR9 PRO!EBURE IN TRIAL !OURTS

Section 1. Unifo") $"oceu"e.

The $"oceu"e in the 9unici$al T"ial !ou"ts shall be the sa)e as in the Re+ionalT"ial !ou"ts& e'ce$t ,a- whe"e a $a"ticula" $"o(ision e'$"essl% o" i)$liel% a$$liesonl% to eithe" of sai cou"ts& o" ,b- in ci(il cases +o(e"ne b% the Rule onSu))a"% P"oceu"e.

Sec. #. 9eanin+ of te")s.The te") "Municipal Trial Courts"as use in these Rules shall inclue9et"o$olitan T"ial !ou"ts& 9unici$al T"ial !ou"ts in !ities& 9unici$al T"ial !ou"ts&an 9unici$al !i"cuit T"ial !ou"ts.

RULE 6

KINDS OF PLEADINGS

Secto! "# Ple$%!&s %e'!e%#

Ple$%!&s $(e t)e *(tte! st$te+e!ts o' t)e (es,ect-e cl$+s $!% %e'e!seso' t)e ,$(tes su.+tte% to t)e cou(t 'o( $,,(o,($te /u%&+e!t#

Sec# 2# Ple$%!&s $llo*e%#


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T)e cl$+s o' $ ,$(t0 $(e $sse(te% ! $ co+,l$!t1 cou!te(cl$+1 c(osscl$+1 t)(% 3'ou(t)1 etc#4 ,$(t0 co+,l$!t1 o( co+,l$!t!!te(-e!to!#

T)e %e'e!ses o' $ ,$(t0 $(e $lle&e% ! t)e $!s*e( to t)e ,le$%!& $sse(t!&$ cl$+ $&$!st )+#A! $!s*e( +$0 .e (es,o!%e% to .0 $ (e,l0#

Sec# # Co+,l$!t#

T)e co+,l$!t s t)e ,le$%!& $lle&!& t)e ,l$!t''s c$use o( c$uses o'$cto!# T)e !$+es $!% (es%e!ces o' t)e ,l$!t'' $!% %e'e!%$!t +ust .est$te% ! t)e co+,l$!t#

Sec# 7# A!s*e(#

A! $!s*e( s $ ,le$%!& ! *)c) $ %e'e!%!& ,$(t0 sets 'o(t) )s %e'e!ses#Sec# 5# De'e!ses#

De'e!ses +$0 et)e( .e !e&$t-e o( $''(+$t-e#

3$4 A !e&$t-e %e'e!se s t)e s,ec'c %e!$l o' t)e +$te($l '$ct o( '$cts$lle&e% ! t)e ,le$%!& o' t)e cl$+$!t esse!t$l to )s c$use o( c$uses o'$cto!#

3.4 A! $''(+$t-e %e'e!se s $! $lle&$to! o' $ !e* +$tte( *)c)1 *)le)0,ot)etc$ll0 $%+tt!& t)e +$te($l $lle&$to!s ! t)e ,le$%!& o' t)ecl$+$!t1 *oul% !e-e(t)eless ,(e-e!t o( .$( (eco-e(0 .0 )+# T)e$''(+$t-e %e'e!ses !clu%e '($u%1 st$tute o' l+t$to!s1 (ele$se1 ,$0+e!t1lle&$lt01 st$tute o' '($u%s1 esto,,el1 'o(+e( (eco-e(01 %sc)$(&e !.$!8(u,tc01 $!% $!0 ot)e( +$tte( .0 *$0 o' co!'esso! $!% $-o%$!ce#

Sec# 6# Cou!te(cl$+#

A cou!te(cl$+ s $!0 cl$+ *)c) $ %e'e!%!& ,$(t0 +$0 )$-e $&$!st $!o,,os!& ,$(t0#

Sec# 9# Co+,ulso(0 cou!te(cl$+#

A co+,ulso(0 cou!te(cl$+ s o!e *)c)1 .e!& co&!:$.le .0 t)e (e&ul$(cou(ts o' /ustce1 $(ses out o' o( s co!!ecte% *t) t)e t($!s$cto! o(occu((e!ce co!sttut!& t)e su./ect +$tte( o' t)e o,,os!& ,$(t0s cl$+$!% %oes !ot (e;u(e 'o( ts $%/u%c$to! t)e ,(ese!ce o' t)(% ,$(tes o'

*)o+ t)e cou(t c$!!ot $c;u(e /u(s%cto!# Suc) $ cou!te(cl$+ +ust .e*t)! t)e /u(s%cto! o' t)e cou(t .ot) $s to t)e $+ou!t $!% t)e !$tu(et)e(eo'1 e


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cl$+$!t 'o( $ll o( ,$(t o' $ cl$+ $sse(te% ! t)e $cto! $&$!st t)e c(osscl$+$!t#

Sec# ># Cou!te(cou!te(cl$+s $!% cou!te(c(osscl$+s#

A cou!te(cl$+ +$0 .e $sse(te% $&$!st $! o(&!$l cou!te(cl$+$!t#

A c(osscl$+ +$0 $lso .e 'le% $&$!st $! o(&!$l c(osscl$+$!t#Sec# "?# Re,l0#

A (e,l0 s $ ,le$%!&1 t)e o''ce o( 'u!cto! o' *)c) s to %e!01 o( $lle&e'$cts ! %e!$l o( $-o%$!ce o' !e* +$tte(s $lle&e% .0 *$0 o' %e'e!se !t)e $!s*e( $!% t)e(e.0 /o! o( +$8e ssue $s to suc) !e* +$tte(s# I' $,$(t0 %oes !ot 'le suc) (e,l01 $ll t)e !e* +$tte(s $lle&e% ! t)e $!s*e( $(e%ee+e% co!t(o-e(te%#

I' t)e ,l$!t'' *s)es to !te(,ose $!0 cl$+s $(s!& out o' t)e !e* +$tte(sso $lle&e%1 suc) cl$+s s)$ll .e set 'o(t) ! $! $+e!%e% o( su,,le+e!t$lco+,l$!t#

Sec# ""# T)(%1 3'ou(t)1 etc#4 ,$(t0 co+,l$!t#

A t)(% 3'ou(t)1 etc#4 ,$(t0 co+,l$!t s $ cl$+ t)$t $ %e'e!%!& ,$(t0 +$01*t) le$-e o' cou(t1 'le $&$!st $ ,e(so! !ot $ ,$(t0 to t)e $cto!1 c$lle% t)et)(% 3'ou(t)1 etc#4 ,$(t0 %e'e!%$!t1 'o( co!t(.uto!1 !%e+!t01 su.(o&$to!o( $!0 ot)e( (ele'1 ! (es,ect o' )s o,,o!e!ts cl$+#

Sec# "2# @(!&!& !e* ,$(tes#

)e! t)e ,(ese!ce o' ,$(tes ot)e( t)$! t)ose to t)e o(&!$l $cto! s(e;u(e% 'o( t)e &($!t!& o' co+,lete (ele' ! t)e %ete(+!$to! o' $cou!te(cl$+ o( c(osscl$+1 t)e cou(t s)$ll o(%e( t)e+ to .e .(ou&)t ! $s

%e'e!%$!ts1 ' /u(s%cto! o-e( t)e+ c$! .e o.t$!e%#Sec# "# A!s*e( to t)(% 3'ou(t)1 etc#4 ,$(t0 co+,l$!t#

A t)(% 3'ou(t)1 etc#4 ,$(t0 %e'e!%$!t +$0 $lle&e ! )s $!s*e( )s %e'e!ses1cou!te(cl$+s o( c(osscl$+s1 !clu%!& suc) %e'e!ses t)$t t)e t)(%3'ou(t)1 etc#4 ,$(t0 ,l$!t'' +$0 )$-e $&$!st t)e o(&!$l ,l$!t''s cl$+# I!,(o,e( c$ses1 )e +$0 $lso $sse(t $ cou!te(cl$+ $&$!st t)e o(&!$l,l$!t'' ! (es,ect o' t)e l$tte(s cl$+ $&$!st t)e t)(%,$(t0 ,l$!t''#

RULE 9

PARTS OF A PLEADING

Secto! "# C$,to!#

T)e c$,to! sets 'o(t) t)e !$+e o' t)e cou(t1 t)e ttle o' t)e $cto!1 $!% t)e%oc8et !u+.e( ' $ss&!e%#

T)e ttle o' t)e $cto! !%c$tes t)e !$+es o' t)e ,$(tes# T)e0 s)$ll $ll .e!$+e% ! t)e o(&!$l co+,l$!t o( ,etto!B .ut ! su.se;ue!t ,le$%!&s1 t


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s)$ll .e su''ce!t ' t)e !$+e o' t)e '(st ,$(t0 o! e$c) s%e .e st$te% *t)$! $,,(o,($te !%c$to! *)e! t)e(e $(e ot)e( ,$(tes#

T)e( (es,ect-e ,$(tc,$to! ! t)e c$se s)$ll .e !%c$te%#

Sec# 2# T)e .o%0#

T)e .o%0 o' t)e ,le$%!& sets 'o(t) ts %es&!$to!1 t)e $lle&$to!s o' t)e,$(t0s cl$+s o( %e'e!ses1 t)e (ele' ,($0e% 'o(1 $!% t)e %$te o' t)e,le$%!

3$4 P$($&($,)s# T)e $lle&$to!s ! t)e .o%0 o' $ ,le$%!& s)$ll .e %-%e%!to ,$($&($,)s so !u+.e(e% $s to .e (e$%l0 %e!t'e%1 e$c) o' *)c)s)$ll co!t$! $ st$te+e!t o' $ s!&le set o' c(cu+st$!ces so '$( $s t)$t c$!.e %o!e *t) co!-e!e!ce# A ,$($&($,) +$0 .e (e'e((e% to .0 ts !u+.e( !$ll succee%!& ,le$%!&s#

3.4 e$%!&s# )e! t*o o( +o(e c$uses o' $cto! $(e /o!e%1 t)est$te+e!t o' t)e '(st s)$ll .e ,(e'$ce% .0 t)e *o(%s '(st c$use o' $cto!1o' t)e seco!% .0 seco!% c$use o' $cto!1 $!% so o! 'o( t)e ot)e(s#

)e! o!e o( +o(e ,$($&($,)s ! t)e $!s*e( $(e $%%(esse% to o!e o'se-e($l c$uses o' $cto! ! t)e co+,l$!t1 t)e0 s)$ll .e ,(e'$ce% .0 t)e

*o(%s $!s*e( to t)e '(st c$use o' $cto! o( $!s*e( to t)e seco!% c$useo' $cto! $!% so o!B $!% *)e! o!e o( +o(e ,$($&($,)s o' t)e $!s*e( $(e$%%(esse% to se-e($l c$uses o' $cto!1 t)e0 s)$ll .e ,(e'$ce% .0 *o(%s tot)$t e''ect#

3c4 Rele'# T)e ,le$%!& s)$ll s,ec'0 t)e (ele' sou&)t1 .ut t +$0 $%% $&e!e($l ,($0e( 'o( suc) 'u(t)e( o( ot)e( (ele' $s +$0 .e %ee+e% /ust o(e;ut$.le#

3%4 D$te# E-e(0 ,le$%!& s)$ll .e %$te%#

Sec# # S&!$tu(e $!% $%%(ess#

E-e(0 ,le$%!& +ust .e s&!e% .0 t)e ,$(t0 o( cou!sel (e,(ese!t!& )+1st$t!& ! et)e( c$se )s $%%(ess *)c) s)oul% !ot .e $ ,ost o''ce .o


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A ,le$%!& s -e('e% .0 $! $''%$-t t)$t t)e $''$!t )$s (e$% t)e ,le$%!&$!% t)$t t)e $lle&$to!s t)e(e! $(e t(ue $!% co((ect o' )s 8!o*le%&e $!%.ele'#

A ,le$%!& (e;u(e% to .e -e('e% *)c) co!t$!s $ -e('c$to! .$se% o!!'o(+$to! $!% .ele'1 o( u,o! 8!o*le%&e1 !'o(+$to! $!% .ele'1 o(

l$c8s $ ,(o,e( -e('c$to!1 s)$ll .e t(e$te% $s $! u!s&!e% ,le$%!Sec# 5# Ce(t'c$to! $&$!st 'o(u+ s)o,,!

T)e ,l$!t'' o( ,(!c,$l ,$(t0 s)$ll ce(t'0 u!%e( o$t) ! t)e co+,l$!t o(ot)e( !t$to(0 ,le$%!& $sse(t!& $ cl$+ 'o( (ele'1 o( ! $ s*o(!ce(t'c$to! $!!e


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+$%e ! t)e $lte(!$t-e $!% o!e o' t)e+ ' +$%e !%e,e!%e!tl0 *oul% .esu''ce!t1 t)e ,le$%!& s !ot +$%e !su''ce!t .0 t)e !su''ce!c0 o' o!eo( +o(e o' t)e $lte(!$t-e st$te+e!ts#

Sec# # Co!%to!s ,(ece%e!t#

I! $!0 ,le$%!& $ &e!e($l $-e(+e!t o' t)e ,e('o(+$!ce o( occu((e!ce o' $llco!%to!s ,(ece%e!t s)$ll .e su''ce!t#Sec# 7# C$,$ct0#

F$cts s)o*!& t)e c$,$ct0 o' $ ,$(t0 to sue o( .e sue% o( t)e $ut)o(t0 o'$ ,$(t0 to sue o( .e sue% ! $ (e,(ese!t$t-e c$,$ct0 o( t)e le&$l e


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I! ,le$%!& $! o''c$l %ocu+e!t o( o''c$l $ct1 t s su''ce!t to $-e( t)$tt)e %ocu+e!t *$s ssue% o( t)e $ct %o!e ! co+,l$!ce *t) l$*#

Sec# "?# S,ec'c %e!$l#

A %e'e!%$!t +ust s,ec'0 e$c) +$te($l $lle&$to! o' '$ct t)e t(ut) o' *)c)

)e %oes !ot $%+t $!%1 *)e!e-e( ,($ctc$.le1 s)$ll set 'o(t) t)e su.st$!ceo' t)e +$tte(s u,o! *)c) )e (eles to su,,o(t )s %e!$l# )e(e $%e'e!%$!t %es(es to %e!0 o!l0 $ ,$(t o' $! $-e(+e!t1 )e s)$ll s,ec'0 so+uc) o' t $s s t(ue $!% +$te($l $!% s)$ll %e!0 o!l0 t)e (e+$!%e(# )e(e$ %e'e!%$!t s *t)out 8!o*le%&e o( !'o(+$to! su''ce!t to 'o(+ $ .ele'$s to t)e t(ut) o' $ +$te($l $-e(+e!t +$%e ! t)e co+,l$!t1 )e s)$ll sost$te1 $!% t)s s)$ll )$-e t)e e''ect o' $ %e!$l#

Sec# ""# Alle&$to!s !ot s,ec'c$ll0 %e!e% %ee+e% $%+tte%#

$te($l $-e(+e!t ! t)e co+,l$!t1 ot)e( t)$! t)ose $s to t)e $+ou!t o'u!l;u%$te% %$+$&es1 s)$ll .e %ee+e% $%+tte% *)e! !ot s,ec'c$ll0

%e!e%# Alle&$to!s o' usu(0 ! $ co+,l$!t to (eco-e( usu(ous !te(est $(e%ee+e% $%+tte% ' !ot %e!e% u!%e( o$t)#Sec# "2# St(8!& out o' ,le$%!& o( +$tte( co!t$!e% t)e(e!#

U,o! +oto! +$%e .0 $ ,$(t0 .e'o(e (es,o!%!& to $ ,le$%!& o(1 ' !o(es,o!s-e ,le$%!& s ,e(+tte% .0 t)ese Rules1 u,o! +oto! +$%e .0 $,$(t0 *t)! t*e!t0 32?4 %$0s $'te( t)e se(-ce o' t)e ,le$%!& u,o! )+1 o(u,o! t)e cou(ts o*! !t$t-e $t $!0 t+e1 t)e cou(t +$0 o(%e( $!0,le$%!& to .e st(c8e! out o( t)$t $!0 s)$+ o( '$lse1 (e%u!%$!t1++$te($l1 +,e(t!e!t1 o( sc$!%$lous +$tte( .e st(c8e! out t)e(e'(o+#

RULE >

EFFECT OF FAILURE TO PLEAD

Secto! "# De'e!ses $!% o./ecto!s !ot ,le$%e%#

De'e!ses $!% o./ecto!s !ot ,le$%e% et)e( ! $ +oto! to %s+ss o( ! t)e$!s*e( $(e %ee+e% *$-e%# o*e-e(1 *)e! t $,,e$(s '(o+ t)e ,le$%!&so( t)e e-%e!ce o! (eco(% t)$t t)e cou(t )$s !o /u(s%cto! o-e( t)esu./ect +$tte(1 t)$t t)e(e s $!ot)e( $cto! ,e!%!& .et*ee! t)e s$+e,$(tes 'o( t)e s$+e c$use1 o( t)$t t)e $cto! s .$((e% .0 $ ,(o( /u%&+e!to( .0 st$tute o' l+t$to!s1 t)e cou(t s)$ll %s+ss t)e cl$+#

Sec# 2# Co+,ulso(0 cou!te(cl$+1 o( c(osscl$+1 !ot set u, .$((e%#

A co+,ulso(0 cou!te(cl$+1 o( $ c(osscl$+1 !ot set u, s)$ll .e .$((e%#Sec# # De'$ultB %ecl$($to! o'#

I' t)e %e'e!%!& ,$(t0 '$ls to $!s*e( *t)! t)e t+e $llo*e% t)e(e'o(1 t)ecou(t s)$ll1 u,o! +oto! o' t)e cl$+!& ,$(t0 *t) !otce to t)e %e'e!%!&,$(t01 $!% ,(oo' o' suc) '$lu(e1 %ecl$(e t)e %e'e!%!& ,$(t0 ! %e'$ult#


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T)e(eu,o!1 t)e cou(t s)$ll ,(ocee% to (e!%e( /u%&+e!t &($!t!& t)ecl$+$!t suc) (ele' $s )s ,le$%!& +$0 *$(($!t1 u!less t)e cou(t ! ts%sc(eto! (e;u(es t)e cl$+$!t to su.+t e-%e!ce# Suc) (ece,to! o'e-%e!ce +$0 .e %ele&$te% to t)e cle(8 o' cou(t#

3$4 E''ect o' o(%e( o' %e'$ult# A ,$(t0 ! %e'$ult s)$ll .e e!ttle% to !otce o'

su.se;ue!t ,(ocee%!&s .ut !ot to t$8e ,$(t ! t)e t($l#3.4 Rele' '(o+ o(%e( o' %e'$ult# A ,$(t0 %ecl$(e% ! %e'$ult +$0 $t $!0 t+e$'te( !otce t)e(eo' $!% .e'o(e /u%&+e!t 'le $ +oto! u!%e( o$t) to set$s%e t)e o(%e( o' %e'$ult u,o! ,(o,e( s)o*!& t)$t )s '$lu(e to $!s*e(

*$s %ue to '($u%1 $cc%e!t1 +st$8e o( e


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E


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RULE ""

EN TO FILE RESPONSIVE PLEADINGS

Secto! "# A!s*e( to t)e co+,l$!t#

T)e %e'e!%$!t s)$ll 'le )s $!s*e( to t)e co+,l$!t *t)! ''tee! 3l54 %$0s$'te( se(-ce o' su++o!s1 u!less $ %''e(e!t ,e(o% s '


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A co+,ulso(0 cou!te(cl$+ o( $ c(osscl$+ t)$t $ %e'e!%!& ,$(t0 )$s $tt)e t+e )e 'les )s $!s*e( s)$ll .e co!t$!e% t)e(e!#

Sec# ># Cou!te(cl$+ o( c(osscl$+ $(s!& $'te( $!s*e(#

A cou!te(cl$+ o( $ c(osscl$+ *)c) et)e( +$tu(e% o( *$s $c;u(e% .0 $

,$(t0 $'te( se(-!& )s ,le$%!& +$01 *t) t)e ,e(+sso! o' t)e cou(t1 .e,(ese!te% $s $ cou!te(cl$+ o( $ c(osscl$+ .0 su,,le+e!t$l ,le$%!&.e'o(e /u%&+e!t#

Sec# "?# O+tte% cou!te(cl$+ o( c(osscl$+#

)e! $ ,le$%e( '$ls to set u, $ cou!te(cl$+ o( $ c(osscl$+ t)(ou&)o-e(s&)t1 !$%-e(te!ce1 o( e


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Sec# 7# E''ect o' !o!co+,l$!ce#

I' t)e o(%e( s !ot o.e0e%1 o( ! c$se o' !su''ce!t co+,l$!ce t)e(e*t)1t)e cou(t +$0 o(%e( t)e st(8!& out o' t)e ,le$%!& o( t)e ,o(to!s t)e(eo'to *)c) t)e o(%e( *$s %(ecte% o( +$8e suc) ot)e( o(%e( $s t %ee+s /ust#

Sec# 5# St$0 o' ,e(o% to 'le (es,o!s-e ,le$%!

A'te( se(-ce o' t)e .ll o' ,$(tcul$(s o( o' $ +o(e %e'!te ,le$%!&1 o( $'te(!otce o' %e!$l o' )s +oto!1 t)e +o-!& ,$(t0 +$0 'le )s (es,o!s-e,le$%!& *t)! t)e ,e(o% to *)c) )e *$s e!ttle% $t t)e t+e o' 'l!& )s+oto!1 *)c) s)$ll !ot .e less t)$! '-e 354 %$0s ! $!0 e-e!t#

Sec# 6# @ll $ ,$(t o' ,le$%!

A .ll o' ,$(tcul$(s .eco+es ,$(t o' t)e ,le$%!& 'o( *)c) t s !te!%e%#

RULE "

FILING AND SERVICE OF PLEADINGS1UDGENTS AND OTER PAPERS

Secto! "# Co-e($&e#

T)s Rule s)$ll &o-e(! t)e 'l!& o' $ll ,le$%!&s $!% ot)e( ,$,e(s1 $s *ell$s t)e se(-ce t)e(eo'1 e


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Sec# 7# P$,e(s (e;u(e% to .e 'le% $!% se(-e%#

E-e(0 /u%&+e!t1 (esoluto!1 o(%e(1 ,le$%!& su.se;ue!t to t)e co+,l$!t1*(tte! +oto!1 !otce1 $,,e$($!ce1 %e+$!%1 o''e( o' /u%&+e!t o( s+l$(,$,e(s s)$ll .e 'le% *t) t)e cou(t1 $!% se(-e% u,o! t)e ,$(tes $''ecte%#

Sec# 5# o%es o' se(-ce#

Se(-ce o' ,le$%!&s1 +oto!s1 !otces1 o(%e(s1 /u%&+e!ts $!% ot)e( ,$,e(ss)$ll .e +$%e et)e( ,e(so!$ll0 o( .0 +$l#

Sec# 6# Pe(so!$l se(-ce#

Se(-ce o' t)e ,$,e(s +$0 .e +$%e .0 %el-e(!& ,e(so!$ll0 $ co,0 to t)e,$(t0 o( )s cou!sel1 o( .0 le$-!& t ! )s o''ce *t) )s cle(8 o( *t) $,e(so! )$-!& c)$(&e t)e(eo'# I' !o ,e(so! s 'ou!% ! )s o''ce1 o( )so''ce s !ot 8!o*!1 o( )e )$s !o o''ce1 t)e! .0 le$-!& t)e co,01 .et*ee!t)e )ou(s o' e&)t ! t)e +o(!!& $!% s< ! t)e e-e!!&1 $t t)e ,$(t0s o(

cou!sels (es%e!ce1 ' 8!o*!1 *t) $ ,e(so! o' su''ce!t $&e $!%%sc(eto! t)e! (es%!& t)e(e!#Sec# 9# Se(-ce .0 +$l#

Se(-ce .0 (e&ste(e% +$l s)$ll .e +$%e .0 %e,ost!& t)e co,0 ! t)eo''ce1 ! $ se$le% e!-elo,e1 ,l$!l0 $%%(esse% to t)e ,$(t0 o( )s cou!sel $t)s o''ce1 ' 8!o*!1 ot)e(*se $t )s (es%e!ce1 ' 8!o*!1 *t) ,ost$&e 'ull0,(e,$%1 $!% *t) !st(ucto!s to t)e ,ost+$ste( to (etu(! t)e +$l to t)ese!%e( $'te( te! 3l?4 %$0s ' u!%el-e(e%# I' !o (e&st(0 se(-ce s $-$l$.le !t)e loc$lt0 o' et)e( t)e se!%e( o( t)e $%%(essee1 se(-ce +$0 .e %o!e .0o(%!$(0 +$l#

Sec# =# Su.sttute% se(-ce#

I' se(-ce o' ,le$%!&s1 +oto!s1 !otces1 (esoluto!s1 o(%e(s $!% ot)e(,$,e(s c$!!ot .e +$%e u!%e( t)e t*o ,(ece%!& secto!s1 t)e o''ce $!%,l$ce o' (es%e!ce o' t)e ,$(t0 o( )s cou!sel .e!& u!8!o*!1 se(-ce +$0.e +$%e .0 %el-e(!& t)e co,0 to t)e cle(8 o' cou(t1 *t) ,(oo' o' '$lu(e o'.ot) ,e(so!$l se(-ce $!% se(-ce .0 +$l# T)e se(-ce s co+,lete $t t)et+e o' suc) %el-e(0#

Sec# ># Se(-ce o' /u%&+e!ts1 '!$l o(%e(s o( (esoluto!s#

u%&+e!ts1 '!$l o(%e(s o( (esoluto!s s)$ll .e se(-e% et)e( ,e(so!$ll0 o(.0 (e&ste(e% +$l# )e! $ ,$(t0 su++o!e% .0 ,u.lc$to! )$s '$le% to$,,e$( ! t)e $cto!1 /u%&+e!ts1 '!$l o(%e(s o( (esoluto!s $&$!st )+s)$ll .e se(-e% u,o! )+ $lso .0 ,u.lc$to! $t t)e e


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cou(t ot)e(*se ,(o-%es# Se(-ce .0 (e&ste(e% +$l s co+,lete u,o!$ctu$l (ece,t .0 t)e $%%(essee1 o( $'te( '-e 354 %$0s '(o+ t)e %$te )e(ece-e% t)e '(st !otce o' t)e ,ost+$ste(1 *)c)e-e( %$te s e$(le(#

Sec# ""# P(o(tes ! +o%es o' se(-ce $!% 'l!

)e!e-e( ,($ctc$.le1 t)e se(-ce $!% 'l!& o' ,le$%!&s $!% ot)e( ,$,e(ss)$ll .e %o!e ,e(so!$ll0# E


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T)e !otce o' ls ,e!%e!s )e(e!$.o-e +e!to!e% +$0 .e c$!celle% o!l0u,o! o(%e( o' t)e cou(t1 $'te( ,(o,e( s)o*!& t)$t t)e !otce s 'o( t)e,u(,ose o' +olest!& t)e $%-e(se ,$(t01 o( t)$t t s !ot !ecess$(0 to,(otect t)e (&)ts o' t)e ,$(t0 *)o c$use% t to .e (eco(%e%#

RULE "7SUONS

Secto! "# Cle(8 to ssue su++o!s#

U,o! t)e 'l!& o' t)e co+,l$!t $!% t)e ,$0+e!t o' t)e (e;uste le&$l 'ees1t)e cle(8 o' cou(t s)$ll 'o(t)*t) ssue t)e co((es,o!%!& su++o!s to t)e%e'e!%$!ts#

Sec# 2# Co!te!ts#

T)e su++o!s s)$ll .e %(ecte% to t)e %e'e!%$!t1 s&!e% .0 t)e cle(8 o'

cou(t u!%e( se$l1 $!% co!t$!3$4 t)e !$+e o' t)e cou(t $!% t)e !$+es o' t)e ,$(tes to t)e $cto!B

3.4 $ %(ecto! t)$t t)e %e'e!%$!t $!s*e( *t)! t)e t+e '


21/147

)e!e-e( ,($ctc$.le1 t)e su++o!s s)$ll .e se(-e% .0 )$!%!& $ co,0t)e(eo' to t)e %e'e!%$!t ! ,e(so!1 o(1 ' )e (e'uses to (ece-e $!% s&! 'o(t1 .0 te!%e(!& t to )+#

Sec# 9# Su.sttute% se(-ce#

I'1 'o( /ust'$.le c$uses1 t)e %e'e!%$!t c$!!ot .e se(-e% *t)! $(e$so!$.le t+e $s ,(o-%e% ! t)e ,(ece%!& secto!1 se(-ce +$0 .ee''ecte% 3$4 .0 le$-!& co,es o' t)e su++o!s $t t)e %e'e!%$!ts (es%e!ce

*t) so+e ,e(so! o' sut$.le $&e $!% %sc(eto! t)e! (es%!& t)e(e!1 o(3.4 .0 le$-!& t)e co,es $t %e'e!%$!ts o''ce o( (e&ul$( ,l$ce o' .us!ess

*t) so+e co+,ete!t ,e(so! ! c)$(&e t)e(eo'#Sec# =# Se(-ce u,o! e!tt0 *t)out /u(%c$l ,e(so!$lt0#

)e! ,e(so!s $ssoc$te% ! $! e!tt0 *t)out /u(%c$l ,e(so!$lt0 $(e sue%u!%e( t)e !$+e .0 *)c) t)e0 $(e &e!e($ll0 o( co++o!l0 8!o*!1 se(-ce+$0 .e e''ecte% u,o! $ll t)e %e'e!%$!ts .0 se(-!& u,o! $!0 o!e o' t)e+1

o( u,o! t)e ,e(so! ! c)$(&e o' t)e o''ce o( ,l$ce o' .us!ess +$!t$!e%! suc) !$+e# @ut suc) se(-ce s)$ll !ot .!% !%-%u$ll0 $!0 ,e(so!*)ose co!!ecto! *t) t)e e!tt0 )$s1 u,o! %ue !otce1 .ee! se-e(e%.e'o(e t)e $cto! *$s .(ou&)t#

Sec# ># Se(-ce u,o! ,(so!e(s#

)e! t)e %e'e!%$!t s $ ,(so!e( co!'!e% ! $ /$l o( !sttuto!1 se(-ces)$ll .e e''ecte% u,o! )+ .0 t)e o''ce( )$-!& t)e +$!$&e+e!t o' suc)

/$l o( !sttuto! *)o s %ee+e% %e,ut:e% $s $ s,ec$l s)e('' 'o( s$%,u(,ose#

Sec# "?# Se(-ce u,o! +!o(s $!% !co+,ete!ts#

)e! t)e %e'e!%$!t s $ +!o(1 !s$!e o( ot)e(*se $! !co+,ete!t1se(-ce s)$ll .e +$%e u,o! )+ ,e(so!$ll0 $!% o! )s le&$l &u$(%$! ' )e)$s o!e1 o( ' !o!e1 u,o! )s &u$(%$! $% lte+ *)ose $,,o!t+e!t s)$ll .e$,,le% 'o( .0 t)e ,l$!t''# I! t)e c$se o' $ +!o(1 se(-ce +$0 $lso .e +$%eo! )s '$t)e( o( +ot)e(#

Sec# ""# Se(-ce u,o! %o+estc ,(-$te /u(%c$l e!tt0#

)e! t)e %e'e!%$!t s $ co(,o($to!1 ,$(t!e(s), o( $ssoc$to! o(&$!:e%u!%e( t)e l$*s o' t)e P)l,,!es *t) $ /u(%c$l ,e(so!$lt01 se(-ce +$0.e +$%e o! t)e ,(es%e!t1 +$!$&!& ,$(t!e(1 &e!e($l +$!$&e(1 co(,o($tesec(et$(01 t(e$su(e(1 o( !)ouse cou!sel#

Sec# "2# Se(-ce u,o! 'o(e&! ,(-$te /u(%c$l e!tt0#

)e! t)e %e'e!%$!t s $ 'o(e&! ,(-$te /u(%c$l e!tt0 *)c) )$st($!s$cte% .us!ess ! t)e P)l,,!es1 se(-ce +$0 .e +$%e o! ts (es%e!t$&e!t %es&!$te% ! $cco(%$!ce *t) l$* 'o( t)$t ,u(,ose1 o(1 ' t)e(e .e !osuc) $&e!t1 o! t)e &o-e(!+e!t o''c$l %es&!$te% .0 l$* to t)$t e''ect1 o(o! $!0 o' ts o''ce(s o( $&e!ts *t)! t)e P)l,,!es#


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Sec# "# Se(-ce u,o! ,u.lc co(,o($to!s#

)e! t)e %e'e!%$!t s t)e Re,u.lc o' t)e P)l,,!es1 se(-ce +$0 .ee''ecte% o! t)e Solcto( Ge!e($lB ! c$se o' $ ,(o-!ce1 ct0 o( +u!c,$lt01o( l8e ,u.lc co(,o($to!s1 se(-ce +$0 .e e''ecte% o! ts e


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T)e ,(oo' o' se(-ce o' $ su++o!s s)$ll .e +$%e ! *(t!& .0 t)e se(-e($!% s)$ll set 'o(t) t)e +$!!e(1 ,l$ce1 $!% %$te o' se(-ceB s)$ll s,ec'0 $!0,$,e(s *)c) )$-e .ee! se(-e% *t) t)e ,(ocess $!% t)e !$+e o' t)e,e(so! *)o (ece-e% t)e s$+eB $!% s)$ll .e s*o(! to *)e! +$%e .0 $,e(so! ot)e( t)$! $ s)e('' o( )s %e,ut0#

Sec# "># P(oo' o' se(-ce .0 ,u.lc$to!#

I' t)e se(-ce )$s .ee! +$%e .0 ,u.lc$to!1 se(-ce +$0 .e ,(o-e% .0 t)e$''%$-t o' t)e ,(!te(1 )s 'o(e+$! o( ,(!c,$l cle(81 o( o' t)e e%to(1.us!ess o( $%-e(ts!& +$!$&e(1 to *)c) $''%$-t $ co,0 o' t)e,u.lc$to! s)$ll .e $tt$c)e%1 $!% .0 $! $''%$-t s)o*!& t)e %e,ost o' $co,0 o' t)e su++o!s $!% o(%e( 'o( ,u.lc$to! ! t)e ,ost o''ce1 ,ost$&e,(e,$%1 %(ecte% to t)e %e'e!%$!t .0 (e&ste(e% +$l to )s l$st 8!o*!$%%(ess#

Sec# 2?# Volu!t$(0 $,,e$($!ce#

T)e %e'e!%$!ts -olu!t$(0 $,,e$($!ce ! t)e $cto! s)$ll .e e;u-$le!t tose(-ce o' su++o!s# T)e !cluso! ! $ +oto! to %s+ss o' ot)e( &(ou!%s$s%e '(o+ l$c8 o' /u(s%cto! o-e( t)e ,e(so! o' t)e %e'e!%$!t s)$ll !ot .e%ee+e% $ -olu!t$(0 $,,e$($!ce#

RULE "5

OTIONS

Secto! "# oto! %e'!e%#

A +oto! s $! $,,lc$to! 'o( (ele' ot)e( t)$! .0 $ ,le$%!Sec# 2# oto!s +ust .e ! *(t!

All +oto!s s)$ll .e ! *(t!& e


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E


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t)! t)e t+e 'o( .ut .e'o(e 'l!& t)e $!s*e( to t)e co+,l$!t o( ,le$%!&$sse(t!& $ cl$+1 $ +oto! to %s+ss +$0 .e +$%e o! $!0 o' t)e 'ollo*!&&(ou!%s

3$4 T)$t t)e cou(t )$s !o /u(s%cto! o-e( t)e ,e(so! o' t)e %e'e!%!&

,$(t0B3.4 T)$t t)e cou(t )$s !o /u(s%cto! o-e( t)e su./ect +$tte( o' t)e cl$+B

3c4 T)$t -e!ue s +,(o,e(l0 l$%B

3%4 T)$t t)e ,l$!t'' )$s !o le&$l c$,$ct0 to sueB

3e4 T)$t t)e(e s $!ot)e( $cto! ,e!%!& .et*ee! t)e s$+e ,$(tes 'o( t)es$+e c$useB

3'4 T)$t t)e c$use o' $cto! s .$((e% .0 $ ,(o( /u%&+e!t o( .0 t)e st$tuteo' l+t$to!sB

3&4 T)$t t)e ,le$%!& $sse(t!& t)e cl$+ st$tes !o c$use o' $cto!B

3)4 T)$t t)e cl$+ o( %e+$!% set 'o(t) ! t)e ,l$!t''s ,le$%!& )$s .ee!,$%1 *$-e%1 $.$!%o!e%1 o( ot)e(*se e


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cou!te% '(o+ se(-ce o' t)e $+e!%e% ,le$%!&1 u!less t)e cou(t ,(o-%es $lo!&e( ,e(o%#

Sec# 5# E''ect o' %s+ss$l#

Su./ect to t)e (&)t o' $,,e$l1 $! o(%e( &($!t!& $ +oto! to %s+ss .$se%o! ,$($&($,)s 3'41 3)4 $!% 34 o' secto! " )e(eo' s)$ll .$( t)e (e'l!& o' t)es$+e $cto! o( cl$+#

Sec# 6# Ple$%!& &(ou!%s $s $''(+$t-e %e'e!ses#

I' !o +oto! to %s+ss )$s .ee! 'le%1 $!0 o' t)e &(ou!%s 'o( %s+ss$l,(o-%e% 'o( ! t)s Rule +$0 .e ,le$%e% $s $! $''(+$t-e %e'e!se ! t)e$!s*e( $!%1 ! t)e %sc(eto! o' t)e cou(t1 $ ,(el+!$(0 )e$(!& +$0 .e)$% t)e(eo! $s ' $ +oto! to %s+ss )$% .ee! 'le%#

T)e %s+ss$l o' t)e co+,l$!t u!%e( t)s secto! s)$ll .e *t)out

,(e/u%ce to t)e ,(osecuto! ! t)e s$+e o( se,$($te $cto! o' $cou!te(cl$+ ,le$%e% ! t)e $!s*e(#

RULE "9

DISISSAL OF ACTIONS

Secto! "# Ds+ss$l u,o! !otce .0 ,l$!t''#

A co+,l$!t +$0 .e %s+sse% .0 t)e ,l$!t'' .0 'l!& $ !otce o' %s+ss$l$t $!0 t+e .e'o(e se(-ce o' t)e $!s*e( o( o' $ +oto! 'o( su++$(0

/u%&+e!t# U,o! suc) !otce .e!& 'le%1 t)e cou(t s)$ll ssue $! o(%e(

co!'(+!& t)e %s+ss$l# U!less ot)e(*se st$te% ! t)e !otce1 t)e%s+ss$l s *t)out ,(e/u%ce1 e


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,(e/u%ce# A cl$ss sut s)$ll !ot .e %s+sse% o( co+,(o+se% *t)out t)e$,,(o-$l o' t)e cou(t#

Sec# # Ds+ss$l %ue to '$ult o' ,l$!t''#

I'1 'o( !o /ust'$.le c$use1 t)e ,l$!t'' '$ls to $,,e$( o! t)e %$te o' t)e,(ese!t$to! o' )s e-%e!ce ! c)e' o! t)e co+,l$!t1 o( to ,(osecute )s$cto! 'o( $! u!(e$so!$.le le!&t) o' t+e1 o( to co+,l0 *t) t)ese Rules o($!0 o(%e( o' t)e cou(t1 t)e co+,l$!t +$0 .e %s+sse% u,o! +oto! o' t)e%e'e!%$!t o( u,o! t)e cou(ts o*! +oto!1 *t)out ,(e/u%ce to t)e (&)t o't)e %e'e!%$!t to ,(osecute )s cou!te(cl$+ ! t)e s$+e o( ! $ se,$($te$cto!# T)s %s+ss$l s)$ll )$-e t)e e''ect o' $! $%/u%c$to! u,o! t)e+e(ts1 u!less ot)e(*se %ecl$(e% .0 t)e cou(t#

Sec# 7# Ds+ss$l o' cou!te(cl$+1 c(osscl$+1 o( t)(%,$(t0 co+,l$!t#

T)e ,(o-so!s o' t)s Rule s)$ll $,,l0 to t)e %s+ss$l o' $!0cou!te(cl$+1 c(osscl$+1 o( t)(%,$(t0 co+,l$!t# A -olu!t$(0 %s+ss$l.0 t)e cl$+$!t .0 !otce $s ! secto! " o' t)s Rule1 s)$ll .e +$%e .e'o(e$ (es,o!s-e ,le$%!& o( $ +oto! 'o( su++$(0 /u%&+e!t s se(-e% o(1 't)e(e s !o!e1 .e'o(e t)e !t(o%ucto! o' e-%e!ce $t t)e t($l o( )e$(!

RULE "=

PRETRIAL

Secto! "# )e! co!%ucte%#

A'te( t)e l$st ,le$%!& )$s .ee! se(-e% $!% 'le%1 t s)$ll .e t)e %ut0 o' t)e,l$!t'' to ,(o+,tl0 +o-e e< ,$(te t)$t t)e c$se .e set 'o( ,(et($l#

Sec# 2# N$tu(e $!% ,u(,ose#

T)e ,(et($l s +$!%$to(0# T)e cou(t s)$ll co!s%e(

3$4 T)e ,oss.lt0 o' $! $+c$.le settle+e!t o( o' $ su.+sso! to$lte(!$t-e +o%es o' %s,ute (esoluto!B

3.4 T)e s+,l'c$to! o' t)e ssuesB

3c4 T)e !ecesst0 o( %es($.lt0 o' $+e!%+e!ts to t)e ,le$%!&sB

3%4 T)e ,oss.lt0 o' o.t$!!& st,ul$to!s o( $%+sso!s o' '$cts $!% o'%ocu+e!ts to $-o% u!!ecess$(0 ,(oo'B

3e4 T)e l+t$to! o' t)e !u+.e( o' *t!essesB

3'4 T)e $%-s$.lt0 o' $ ,(el+!$(0 (e'e(e!ce o' ssues to $ co++sso!e(B

3&4 T)e ,(o,(et0 o' (e!%e(!& /u%&+e!t o! t)e ,le$%!&s1 o( su++$(0/u%&+e!t1 o( o' %s+ss!& t)e $cto! s)oul% $ -$l% &(ou!% t)e(e'o( .e'ou!% to e


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34 Suc) ot)e( +$tte(s $s +$0 $% ! t)e ,(o+,t %s,osto! o' t)e $cto!#

Sec# # Notce o' ,(et($l#

T)e !otce o' ,(et($l s)$ll .e se(-e% o! cou!sel1 o( o! t)e ,$(t0 *)o )$s

!o cou!sel# T)e cou!sel se(-e% *t) suc) !otce s c)$(&e% *t) t)e %ut0o' !ot'0!& t)e ,$(t0 (e,(ese!te% .0 )+#

Sec# 7# A,,e$($!ce o' ,$(tes#

It s)$ll .e t)e %ut0 o' t)e ,$(tes $!% t)e( cou!sel to $,,e$( $t t)e ,(et($l#T)e !o!$,,e$($!ce o' $ ,$(t0 +$0 .e e


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Sec# 9# Reco(% o' ,(et($l#

T)e ,(ocee%!&s ! t)e ,(et($l s)$ll .e (eco(%e%# U,o! t)e te(+!$to!t)e(eo'1 t)e cou(t s)$ll ssue $! o(%e( *)c) s)$ll (ecte ! %et$l t)e

+$tte(s t$8e! u, ! t)e co!'e(e!ce1 t)e $cto! t$8e! t)e(eo!1 t)e$+e!%+e!ts $llo*e% to t)e ,le$%!&s1 $!% t)e $&(ee+e!ts o( $%+sso!s+$%e .0 t)e ,$(tes $s to $!0 o' t)e +$tte(s co!s%e(e%# S)oul% t)e $cto!,(ocee% to t($l1 t)e o(%e( s)$ll e


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Secto! "# C$le!%$( o' c$ses#

T)e cle(8 o' cou(t1 u!%e( t)e %(ect su,e(-so! o' t)e /u%&e1 s)$ll 8ee, $c$le!%$( o' c$ses 'o( ,(et($l1 'o( t($l1 t)ose *)ose t($ls *e(e $%/ou(!e%

o( ,ost,o!e%1 $!% t)ose *t) +oto!s to set 'o( )e$(! P(e'e(e!ce s)$ll.e &-e! to )$.e$s co(,us c$ses1 electo! c$ses1 s,ec$l c-l $cto!s1 $!%t)ose so (e;u(e% .0 l$*#

Sec# 2# Ass&!+e!t o' c$ses#

T)e $ss&!+e!t o' c$ses to t)e %''e(e!t .($!c)es o' $ cou(t s)$ll .e %o!ee


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Sec# # Fo(+ $!% co!te!ts#

A su.,oe!$ s)$ll st$te t)e !$+e o' t)e cou(t $!% t)e ttle o' t)e $cto! o(!-est&$to!1 s)$ll .e %(ecte% to t)e ,e(so! *)ose $tte!%$!ce s (e;u(e%1

$!% ! t)e c$se o' $ su.,oe!$ %uces tecu+1 t s)$ll $lso co!t$! $(e$so!$.le %esc(,to! o' t)e .oo8s1 %ocu+e!ts o( t)!&s %e+$!%e%*)c) +ust $,,e$( to t)e cou(t ,(+$ '$ce (ele-$!t#

Sec# 7# Hu$s)!& $ su.,oe!$#

T)e cou(t +$0 ;u$s) $ su.,oe!$ %uces tecu+ u,o! +oto! ,(o+,tl0+$%e $!%1 ! $!0 e-e!t1 $t o( .e'o(e t)e t+e s,ec'e% t)e(e! ' t su!(e$so!$.le $!% o,,(ess-e1 o( t)e (ele-$!c0 o' t)e .oo8s1 %ocu+e!ts o(t)!&s %oes !ot $,,e$(1 o( ' t)e ,e(so! ! *)ose .e)$l' t)e su.,oe!$ sssue% '$ls to $%-$!ce t)e (e$so!$.le cost o' t)e ,(o%ucto! t)e(eo'#

T)e cou(t +$0 ;u$s) $ su.,oe!$ $% test'c$!%u+ o! t)e &(ou!% t)$t t)e*t!ess s !ot .ou!% t)e(e.0# I! et)e( c$se1 t)e su.,oe!$ +$0 .e ;u$s)e%o! t)e &(ou!% t)$t t)e *t!ess 'ees $!% 8lo+et($&e $llo*e% .0 t)eseRules *e(e !ot te!%e(e% *)e! t)e su.,oe!$ *$s se(-e%#

Sec# 5# Su.,oe!$ 'o( %e,osto!s#

P(oo' o' se(-ce o' $ !otce to t$8e $ %e,osto!1 $s ,(o-%e% ! secto!s "5$!% 25 o' Rule 21 s)$ll co!sttute su''ce!t $ut)o(:$to! 'o( t)e ssu$!ceo' su.,oe!$s 'o( t)e ,e(so!s !$+e% ! s$% !otce .0 t)e cle(8 o' t)e cou(to' t)e ,l$ce ! *)c) t)e %e,osto! s to .e t$8e!# T)e cle(8 s)$ll !ot1

)o*e-e(1 ssue $ su.,oe!$ %uces tecu+ to $!0 suc) ,e(so! *t)out $!o(%e( o' t)e cou(t#Sec# 6# Se(-ce#

Se(-ce o' $ su.,oe!$ s)$ll .e +$%e ! t)e s$+e +$!!e( $s ,e(so!$l o(su.sttute% se(-ce o' su++o!s# T)e o(&!$l s)$ll .e e


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A ,e(so! ,(ese!t ! cou(t .e'o(e $ /u%c$l o''ce( +$0 .e (e;u(e% to test'0$s ' )e *e(e ! $tte!%$!ce u,o! $ su.,oe!$ ssue% .0 suc) cou(t o(o''ce(#

Sec# =# Co+,ell!& $tte!%$!ce#

I! c$se o' '$lu(e o' $ *t!ess to $tte!%1 t)e cou(t o( /u%&e ssu!& t)esu.,oe!$1 u,o! ,(oo' o' t)e se(-ce t)e(eo' $!% o' t)e '$lu(e o' t)e

*t!ess1 +$0 ssue $ *$(($!t to t)e s)e('' o' t)e ,(o-!ce1 o( )s %e,ut01 to$((est t)e *t!ess $!% .(!& )+ .e'o(e t)e cou(t o( o''ce( *)e(e )s$tte!%$!ce s (e;u(e%1 $!% t)e cost o' suc) *$(($!t $!% se:u(e o' suc)

*t!ess s)$ll .e ,$% .0 t)e *t!ess ' t)e cou(t ssu!& t s)$ll %ete(+!et)$t )s '$lu(e to $!s*e( t)e su.,oe!$ *$s *ll'ul $!% *t)out /ust e# Co!te+,t#

F$lu(e .0 $!0 ,e(so! *t)out $%e;u$te c$use to o.e0 $ su.,oe!$ se(-e%u,o! )+ s)$ll .e %ee+e% $ co!te+,t o' t)e cou(t '(o+ *)c) t)esu.,oe!$ s ssue%# I' t)e su.,oe!$ *$s !ot ssue% .0 $ cou(t1 t)e%so.e%e!ce t)e(eto s)$ll .e ,u!s)e% ! $cco(%$!ce *t) t)e $,,lc$.lel$* o( Rule#

Sec# "?# E


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S)oul% $! $ct .e %o!e *)c) e''ect-el0 !te((u,ts t)e (u!!!& o' t)e,e(o%1 t)e $llo*$.le ,e(o% $'te( suc) !te((u,to! s)$ll st$(t to (u! o! t)e%$0 $'te( !otce o' t)e cess$to! o' t)e c$use t)e(eo'#

T)e %$0 o' t)e $ct t)$t c$use% t)e !te((u,to! s)$ll .e e


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3.4 T)e %e,osto! o' $ ,$(t0 o( o' $!0 o!e *)o $t t)e t+e o' t$8!& t)e%e,osto! *$s $! o''ce(1 %(ecto(1 o( +$!$&!& $&e!t o' $ ,u.lc o( ,(-$teco(,o($to!1 ,$(t!e(s),1 o( $ssoc$to! *)c) s $ ,$(t0 +$0 .e use% .0 $!$%-e(se ,$(t0 'o( $!0 ,u(,oseB

3c4 T)e %e,osto! o' $ *t!ess1 *)et)e( o( !ot $ ,$(t01 +$0 .e use% .0 $!0

,$(t0 'o( $!0 ,u(,ose ' t)e cou(t '!%s 3"4 t)$t t)e *t!ess s %e$%B o( 324t)$t t)e *t!ess (es%es $t $ %st$!ce +o(e t)$! o!e )u!%(e% 3"??48lo+ete(s '(o+ t)e ,l$ce o' t($l o( )e$(!&1 o( s out o' t)e P)l,,!es1u!less t $,,e$(s t)$t )s $.se!ce *$s ,(ocu(e% .0 t)e ,$(t0 o''e(!& t)e%e,osto!B o( 34 t)$t t)e *t!ess s u!$.le to $tte!% o( test'0 .ec$use o'$&e1 sc8!ess1 !'(+t01 o( +,(so!+e!tB o( 374 t)$t t)e ,$(t0 o''e(!& t)e%e,osto! )$s .ee! u!$.le to ,(ocu(e t)e $tte!%$!ce o' t)e *t!ess .0su.,oe!$B o( 354 u,o! $,,lc$to! $!% !otce1 t)$t suc) e o' t)s Rule1 o./ecto! +$0 .e +$%e$t t)e t($l o( )e$(!& to (ece-!& ! e-%e!ce $!0 %e,osto! o( ,$(tt)e(eo' 'o( $!0 (e$so! *)c) *oul% (e;u(e t)e e


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.ut t)s s)$ll !ot $,,l0 to t)e use .0 $! $%-e(se ,$(t0 o' $ %e,osto! $s%esc(.e% ! ,$($&($,) 3.4 o' secto! 7 o' t)s Rule#

Sec# ># Re.utt!& %e,osto!#

At t)e t($l o( )e$(!&1 $!0 ,$(t0 +$0 (e.ut $!0 (ele-$!t e-%e!ce co!t$!e%! $ %e,osto! *)et)e( !t(o%uce% .0 )+ o( .0 $!0 ot)e( ,$(t0#Sec# "?# Pe(so!s .e'o(e *)o+ %e,osto!s +$0 .e t$8e! *t)! t)e P)l,,!es#

t)! t)e P)l,,!es1 %e,osto!s +$0 .e t$8e! .e'o(e $!0 /u%&e1 !ot$(0,u.lc1 o( t)e ,e(so! (e'e((e% to ! secto! "7 )e(eo'#

Sec# ""# Pe(so!s .e'o(e *)o+ %e,osto!s +$0 .e t$8e! ! 'o(e&! cou!t(es#

I! $ 'o(e&! st$te o( cou!t(01 %e,osto!s +$0 .e t$8e! 3$4 o! !otce .e'o(e

$ sec(et$(0 o' e+.$ss0 o( le&$to!1 co!sul &e!e($l1 co!sul1 -ceco!sul1 o(co!sul$( $&e!t o' t)e Re,u.lc o' t)e P)l,,!esB 3.4 .e'o(e suc) ,e(so! o(o''ce( $s +$0 .e $,,o!te% .0 co++sso! o( u!%e( lette(s (o&$to(0B o( 3c4t)e ,e(so! (e'e((e% to ! secto! "7 )e(eo'#

Sec# "2# Co++sso! o( lette(s (o&$to(0#

A co++sso! o( lette(s (o&$to(0 s)$ll .e ssue% o!l0 *)e! !ecess$(0 o(co!-e!e!t1 o! $,,lc$to! $!% !otce1 $!% o! suc) te(+s $!% *t) suc)%(ecto! $s $(e /ust $!% $,,(o,($te# O''ce(s +$0 .e %es&!$te% ! !otceso( co++sso!s et)e( .0 !$+e o( %esc(,t-e ttle $!% lette(s (o&$to(0 +$0.e $%%(esse% to t)e $,,(o,($te /u%c$l $ut)o(t0 ! t)e 'o(e&! cou!t(0#

Sec# "# Ds;u$l'c$to! .0 !te(est#

No %e,osto! s)$ll .e t$8e! .e'o(e $ ,e(so! *)o s $ (el$t-e *t)! t)es


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T)e !otce s)$ll st$te t)e t+e $!% ,l$ce 'o( t$8!& t)e %e,osto! $!% t)e!$+e $!% $%%(ess o' e$c) ,e(so! to .e e


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s ,e!%!& o( t)e Re&o!$l T($l Cou(t o' t)e ,l$ce *)e(e t)e %e,osto! s.e!& t$8e! +$0 o(%e( t)e o''ce( co!%uct!& t)e e# Su.+sso! to *t!essB c)$!&esB s&!!

)e! t)e test+o!0 s 'ull0 t($!sc(.e%1 t)e %e,osto! s)$ll .e su.+tte%to t)e *t!ess 'o( e 3'4 o' t)s Rule1 t)e cou(t )ol%s t)$t t)e(e$so!s &-e! 'o( t)e (e'us$l to s&! (e;u(e (e/ecto! o' t)e %e,osto! !

*)ole o( ! ,$(t#Sec# 2?# Ce(t'c$to! $!% 'l!& .0 o''ce(#

T)e o''ce( s)$ll ce(t'0 o! t)e %e,osto! t)$t t)e *t!ess *$s %ul0 s*o(!to .0 )+ $!% t)$t t)e %e,osto! s $ t(ue (eco(% o' t)e test+o!0 &-e! .0t)e *t!ess# e s)$ll t)e! secu(el0 se$l t)e %e,osto! ! $! e!-elo,e!%o(se% *t) t)e ttle o' t)e $cto! $!% +$(8e% De,osto! o' 3)e(e !se(tt)e !$+e o' *t!ess4 $!% s)$ll ,(o+,tl0 'le t *t) t)e cou(t ! *)c) t)e$cto! s ,e!%!& o( se!% t .0 (e&ste(e% +$l to t)e cle(8 t)e(eo' 'o( 'l!

Sec# 2"# Notce o' 'l!

T)e o''ce( t$8!& t)e %e,osto! s)$ll &-e ,(o+,t !otce o' ts 'l!& to $llt)e ,$(tes#

Sec# 22# Fu(!s)!& co,es#


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U,o! ,$0+e!t o' (e$so!$.le c)$(&es t)e(e'o(1 t)e o''ce( s)$ll 'u(!s) $co,0 o' t)e %e,osto! to $!0 ,$(t0 o( to t)e %e,o!e!t#

Sec# 2# F$lu(e to $tte!% o' ,$(t0 &-!& !otce#

I' t)e ,$(t0 &-!& t)e !otce o' t)e t$8!& o' $ %e,osto! '$ls to $tte!% $!%,(ocee% t)e(e*t) $!% $!ot)e( $tte!%s ! ,e(so! o( .0 cou!sel ,u(su$!t tot)e !otce1 t)e cou(t +$0 o(%e( t)e ,$(t0 &-!& t)e !otce to ,$0 suc)ot)e( ,$(t0 t)e $+ou!t o' t)e (e$so!$.le e


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Sec# 29# Notce o' 'l!& $!% 'u(!s)!& co,es#

)e! $ %e,osto! u,o! !te((o&$to(es s 'le%1 t)e o''ce( t$8!& t s)$ll,(o+,tl0 &-e !otce t)e(eo' to $ll t)e ,$(tes1 $!% +$0 'u(!s) co,es to

t)e+ o( to t)e %e,o!e!t u,o! ,$0+e!t o' (e$so!$.le c)$(&es t)e(e'o(#Sec# 2=# O(%e(s 'o( t)e ,(otecto! o' ,$(tes $!% %e,o!e!ts#

A'te( t)e se(-ce o' t)e !te((o&$to(es $!% ,(o( to t)e t$8!& o' t)etest+o!0 o' t)e %e,o!e!t1 t)e cou(t ! *)c) t)e $cto! s ,e!%!&1 o!+oto! ,(o+,tl0 +$%e .0 $ ,$(t0 o( $ %e,o!e!t1 $!% 'o( &oo% c$uses)o*!1 +$0 +$8e $!0 o(%e( s,ec'e% ! secto!s "51 "6 $!% "= o' t)s Rule

*)c) s $,,(o,($te $!% /ust o( $! o(%e( t)$t t)e %e,osto! s)$ll !ot .et$8e! .e'o(e t)e o''ce( %es&!$te% ! t)e !otce o( t)$t t s)$ll !ot .e t$8e!e


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+oto! to su,,(ess t)e %e,osto! o( so+e ,$(t t)e(eo' s +$%e *t)(e$so!$.le ,(o+,t!ess $'te( suc) %e'ect s1 o( *t) %ue %l&e!ce +&)t)$-e .ee!1 $sce(t$!e%#

RULE 27

DEPOSITIONS @EFORE ACTION OR PENDING APPEAL#

Secto! "# De,osto!s .e'o(e $cto!B ,etto!#

A ,e(so! *)o %es(es to ,e(,etu$te )s o*! test+o!0 o( t)$t o' $!ot)e(,e(so! (e&$(%!& $!0 +$tte( t)$t +$0 .e co&!:$.le ! $!0 cou(t o' t)eP)l,,!es1 +$0 'le $ -e('e% ,etto! ! t)e cou(t o' t)e ,l$ce o' t)e(es%e!ce o' $!0 e


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o($l e


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,$(t!e(s), o( $ssoc$to!1 .0 $!0 o''ce( t)e(eo' co+,ete!t to test'0 ! ts.e)$l'#

Sec# 2# A!s*e( to !te((o&$to(es#

T)e !te((o&$to(es s)$ll .e $!s*e(e% 'ull0 ! *(t!& $!% s)$ll .e s&!e%$!% s*o(! to .0 t)e ,e(so! +$8!& t)e+# T)e ,$(t0 u,o! *)o+ t)e!te((o&$to(es )$-e .ee! se(-e% s)$ll 'le $!% se(-e $ co,0 o' t)e $!s*e(so! t)e ,$(t0 su.+tt!& t)e !te((o&$to(es *t)! ''tee! 3"54 %$0s $'te(se(-ce t)e(eo'1 u!less t)e cou(t1 o! +oto! $!% 'o( &oo% c$use s)o*!1e


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+$tte( o' '$ct set 'o(t) ! t)e (e;uest# Co,es o' t)e %ocu+e!ts s)$ll .e%el-e(e% *t) t)e (e;uest u!less co,es )$-e $l(e$%0 .ee! 'u(!s)e%#

Sec# 2# I+,le% $%+sso!#

E$c) o' t)e +$tte(s o' *)c) $! $%+sso! s (e;ueste% s)$ll .e %ee+e%$%+tte% u!less1 *t)! $ ,e(o% %es&!$te% ! t)e (e;uest1 *)c) s)$ll !ot.e less t)$! ''tee! 3"54 %$0s $'te( se(-ce t)e(eo'1 o( *t)! suc) 'u(t)e(t+e $s t)e cou(t +$0 $llo* o! +oto!1 t)e ,$(t0 to *)o+ t)e (e;uest s%(ecte% 'les $!% se(-es u,o! t)e ,$(t0 (e;uest!& t)e $%+sso! $ s*o(!st$te+e!t et)e( %e!0!& s,ec'c$ll0 t)e +$tte(s o' *)c) $! $%+sso! s(e;ueste% o( sett!& 'o(t) ! %et$l t)e (e$so!s *)0 )e c$!!ot t(ut)'ull0et)e( $%+t o( %e!0 t)ose +$tte(s#

O./ecto!s to $!0 (e;uest 'o( $%+sso! s)$ll .e su.+tte% to t)e cou(t .0t)e ,$(t0 (e;ueste% *t)! t)e ,e(o% 'o( $!% ,(o( to t)e 'l!& o' )s s*o(!st$te+e!t $s co!te+,l$te% ! t)e ,(ece%!& ,$($&($,) $!% )s co+,l$!ce

t)e(e*t) s)$ll .e %e'e((e% u!tl suc) o./ecto!s $(e (esol-e%1 *)c)(esoluto! s)$ll .e +$%e $s e$(l0 $s ,($ctc$.le#

Sec# # E''ect o' $%+sso!#

A!0 $%+sso! +$%e .0 $ ,$(t0 ,u(su$!t to suc) (e;uest s 'o( t)e,u(,ose o' t)e ,e!%!& $cto! o!l0 $!% s)$ll !ot co!sttute $! $%+sso!.0 )+ 'o( $!0 ot)e( ,u(,ose !o( +$0 t)e s$+e .e use% $&$!st )+ ! $!0ot)e( ,(ocee%!

Sec# 7# t)%($*$l#

T)e cou(t +$0 $llo* t)e ,$(t0 +$8!& $! $%+sso! u!%e( t)s Rule1*)et)e( e


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U,o! +oto! o' $!0 ,$(t0 s)o*!& &oo% c$use t)e(e'o(1 t)e cou(t ! *)c)$! $cto! s ,e!%!& +$0 3$4 o(%e( $!0 ,$(t0 to ,(o%uce $!% ,e(+t t)e!s,ecto! $!% co,0!& o( ,)oto&($,)!&1 .0 o( o! .e)$l' o' t)e +o-!&,$(t01 o' $!0 %es&!$te% %ocu+e!ts1 ,$,e(s1 .oo8s1 $ccou!ts1 lette(s1,)oto&($,)s1 o./ects o( t$!&.le t)!&s1 !ot ,(-le&e%1 *)c) co!sttute o(

co!t$! e-%e!ce +$te($l to $!0 +$tte( !-ol-e% ! t)e $cto! $!% *)c)$(e ! )s ,ossesso!1 custo%0 o( co!t(olB o( 3.4 o(%e( $!0 ,$(t0 to ,e(+te!t(0 u,o! %es&!$te% l$!% o( ot)e( ,(o,e(t0 ! )s ,ossesso! o( co!t(ol'o( t)e ,u(,ose o' !s,ect!&1 +e$su(!&1 su(-e0!&1 o( ,)oto&($,)!& t)e,(o,e(t0 o( $!0 %es&!$te% (ele-$!t o./ect o( o,e($to! t)e(eo!# T)e o(%e(s)$ll s,ec'0 t)e t+e1 ,l$ce $!% +$!!e( o' +$8!& t)e !s,ecto! $!%t$8!& co,es $!% ,)oto&($,)s1 $!% +$0 ,(esc(.e suc) te(+s $!%co!%to!s $s $(e /ust#

RULE 2=

PYSICAL AND ENTAL EJAINATION OF PERSONS

Secto! "# )e! e


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@0 (e;uest!& $!% o.t$!!& $ (e,o(t o' t)e e


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t)e cou(t +$0 +$8e suc) o(%e(s ! (e&$(% to t)e (e'us$l $s $(e /ust1 $!%$+o!& ot)e(s t)e 'ollo*!&

3$4 A! o(%e( t)$t t)e +$tte(s (e&$(%!& *)c) t)e ;uesto!s *e(e $s8e%1 o(t)e c)$($cte( o( %esc(,to! o' t)e t)!& o( l$!%1 o( t)e co!te!ts o' t)e

,$,e(1 o( t)e ,)0sc$l o( +e!t$l co!%to! o' t)e ,$(t01 o( $!0 ot)e(%es&!$te% '$cts s)$ll .e t$8e! to .e est$.ls)e% 'o( t)e ,u(,oses o' t)e$cto! ! $cco(%$!ce *t) t)e cl$+ o' t)e ,$(t0 o.t$!!& t)e o(%e(B

3.4 A! o(%e( (e'us!& to $llo* t)e %so.e%e!t ,$(t0 to su,,o(t o( o,,ose%es&!$te% cl$+s o( %e'e!ses o( ,(o).t!& )+ '(o+ !t(o%uc!& !e-%e!ce %es&!$te% %ocu+e!ts o( t)!&s o( te+s o' test+o!01 o( '(o+!t(o%uc!& e-%e!ce o' ,)0sc$l o( +e!t$l co!%to!B

3c4 A! o(%e( st(8!& out ,le$%!&s o( ,$(ts t)e(eo'1 o( st$0!& 'u(t)e(,(ocee%!&s u!tl t)e o(%e( s o.e0e%1 o( %s+ss!& t)e $cto! o(,(ocee%!& o( $!0 ,$(t t)e(eo'1 o( (e!%e(!& $ /u%&+e!t .0 %e'$ult $&$!stt)e %so.e%e!t ,$(t0B $!%

3%4 I! leu o' $!0 o' t)e 'o(e&o!& o(%e(s o( ! $%%to! t)e(eto1 $! o(%e(%(ect!& t)e $((est o' $!0 ,$(t0 o( $&e!t o' $ ,$(t0 'o( %so.e0!& $!0 o'suc) o(%e(s e


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RULE ?

TRIAL

Secto! "# Notce o' t($l#

U,o! e!t(0 o' $ c$se ! t)e t($l c$le!%$(1 t)e cle(8 s)$ll !ot'0 t)e ,$(teso' t)e %$te o' ts t($l ! suc) +$!!e( $s s)$ll e!su(e )s (ece,t o' t)$t!otce $t le$st '-e 354 %$0s .e'o(e suc) %$te#

Sec# 2# A%/ou(!+e!ts $!% ,ost,o!e+e!ts#

A cou(t +$0 $%/ou(! $ t($l '(o+ %$0 to %$01 $!% to $!0 st$te% t+e1 $s t)ee


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3e4 T)e ,$(tes $&$!st *)o+ $!0 cou!te(cl$+ o( c(osscl$+ )$s .ee!,le$%e%1 s)$ll $%%uce e-%e!ce ! su,,o(t o' t)e( %e'e!se1 ! t)e o(%e( to.e ,(esc(.e% .0 t)e cou(tB

3'4 T)e ,$(tes +$0 t)e! (es,ect-el0 $%%uce (e.utt!& e-%e!ce o!l01u!less t)e cou(t1 'o( &oo% (e$so!s $!% ! t)e 'u(t)e($!ce o' /ustce1

,e(+ts t)e+ to $%%uce e-%e!ce u,o! t)e( o(&!$l c$seB $!%3&4 U,o! $%+sso! o' t)e e-%e!ce1 t)e c$se s)$ll .e %ee+e% su.+tte%'o( %ecso!1 u!less t)e cou(t %(ects t)e ,$(tes to $(&ue o( to su.+t t)e((es,ect-e +e+o($!%$ o( $!0 'u(t)e( ,le$%!&s#

I' se-e($l %e'e!%$!ts o( t)(%,$(t0 %e'e!%$!ts1 $!% so 'o(t)1 )$-!&se,$($te %e'e!ses $,,e$( .0 %''e(e!t cou!sel1 t)e cou(t s)$ll %ete(+!et)e (el$t-e o(%e( o' ,(ese!t$to! o' t)e( e-%e!ce#

Sec# 6# A&(ee% st$te+e!t o' '$cts#

T)e ,$(tes to $!0 $cto! +$0 $&(ee1 ! *(t!&1 u,o! t)e '$cts !-ol-e% !t)e lt&$to!1 $!% su.+t t)e c$se 'o( /u%&+e!t o! t)e '$cts $&(ee% u,o!1

*t)out t)e !t(o%ucto! o' e-%e!ce#

I' t)e ,$(tes $&(ee o!l0 o! so+e o' t)e '$cts ! ssue1 t)e t($l s)$ll .e )el%$s to t)e %s,ute% '$cts ! suc) o(%e( $s t)e cou(t s)$ll ,(esc(.e#

Sec# 9# St$te+e!t o' /u%&e#

Du(!& t)e )e$(!& o( t($l o' $ c$se $!0 st$te+e!t +$%e .0 t)e /u%&e *t)(e'e(e!ce to t)e c$se1 o( to $!0 o' t)e ,$(tes1 *t!esses o( cou!sel1 s)$ll.e +$%e o' (eco(% ! t)e ste!o&($,)c !otes#

Sec# =# Sus,e!so! o' $cto!s#

T)e sus,e!so! o' $cto!s s)$ll .e &o-e(!e% .0 t)e ,(o-so!s o' t)e C-lCo%e#

Sec# ># u%&e to (ece-e e-%e!ceB %ele&$to! to cle(8 o' cou(t#

T)e /u%&e o' t)e cou(t *)e(e t)e c$se s ,e!%!& s)$ll ,e(so!$ll0 (ece-et)e e-%e!ce to .e $%%uce% .0 t)e ,$(tes# o*e-e(1 ! %e'$ult o( e< ,$(te)e$(!&s1 $!% ! $!0 c$se *)e(e t)e ,$(tes $&(ee ! *(t!&1 t)e cou(t +$0

%ele&$te t)e (ece,to! o' e-%e!ce to ts cle(8 o' cou(t *)o s $ +e+.e( o't)e .$(# T)e cle(8 o' cou(t s)$ll )$-e !o ,o*e( to (ule o! o./ecto!s to $!0;uesto! o( to t)e $%+sso! o' e


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Secto! "# Co!sol%$to!#

)e! $cto!s !-ol-!& $ co++o! ;uesto! o' l$* o( '$ct $(e ,e!%!&.e'o(e t)e cou(t1 t +$0 o(%e( $ /o!t )e$(!& o( t($l o' $!0 o( $ll t)e +$tte(s

! ssue ! t)e $cto!sB t +$0 o(%e( $ll t)e $cto!s co!sol%$te%B $!% t +$0+$8e suc) o(%e(s co!ce(!!& ,(ocee%!&s t)e(e! $s +$0 te!% to $-o%u!!ecess$(0 costs o( %el$0#

Sec# 2# Se,$($te t($ls#

T)e cou(t1 ! 'u(t)e($!ce o' co!-e!e!ce o( to $-o% ,(e/u%ce1 +$0 o(%e( $se,$($te t($l o' $!0 cl$+1 c(osscl$+1 cou!te(cl$+1 o( t)(%,$(t0co+,l$!t1 o( o' $!0 se,$($te ssue o( o' $!0 !u+.e( o' cl$+s1 c(osscl$+s1 cou!te(cl$+s1 t)(%,$(t0 co+,l$!ts o( ssues#

RULE 2TRIAL @Y COISSIONER

Secto! "# Re'e(e!ce .0 co!se!t#

@0 *(tte! co!se!t o' .ot) ,$(tes1 t)e cou(t +$0 o(%e( $!0 o( $ll o' t)essues ! $ c$se to .e (e'e((e% to $ co++sso!e( to .e $&(ee% u,o! .0 t)e,$(tes o( to .e $,,o!te% .0 t)e cou(t# As use% ! t)ese Rules1 t)e *o(%co++sso!e( !clu%es $ (e'e(ee1 $! $u%to( $!% $! e


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Sec# ># Re,o(t o' co++sso!e(#

U,o! t)e co+,leto! o' t)e t($l o( )e$(!& o( ,(ocee%!& .e'o(e t)eco++sso!e(1 )e s)$ll 'le *t) t)e cou(t )s (e,o(t ! *(t!& u,o! t)e

+$tte(s su.+tte% to )+ .0 t)e o(%e( o' (e'e(e!ce# )e! )s ,o*e(s $(e!ot s,ec'e% o( l+te%1 )e s)$ll set 'o(t) )s '!%!&s o' '$ct $!%co!cluso!s o' l$* ! )s (e,o(t# e s)$ll $tt$c) t)e(eto $ll e


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A'te( t)e ,l$!t'' )$s co+,lete% t)e ,(ese!t$to! o' )s e-%e!ce1 t)e%e'e!%$!t +$0 +o-e 'o( %s+ss$l o! t)e &(ou!% t)$t u,o! t)e '$cts $!%t)e l$* t)e ,l$!t'' )$s s)o*! !o (&)t to (ele'# I' )s +oto! s %e!e%1 )es)$ll )$-e t)e (&)t to ,(ese!t e-%e!ce# I' t)e +oto! s &($!te% .ut o!$,,e$l t)e o(%e( o' %s+ss$l s (e-e(se% )e s)$ll .e %ee+e% to )$-e

*$-e% t)e (&)t to ,(ese!t e-%e!ce#

RULE 7UDGENT ON TE PLEADINGS

Secto! "# u%&+e!t o! t)e ,le$%!&s#

)e(e $! $!s*e( '$ls to te!%e( $! ssue1 o( ot)e(*se $%+ts t)e +$te($l$lle&$to!s o' t)e $%-e(se ,$(t0s ,le$%!&1 t)e cou(t +$01 o! +oto! o' t)$t,$(t01 %(ect /u%&+e!t o! suc) ,le$%! o*e-e(1 ! $cto!s 'o(%ecl$($to! o' !ullt0 o( $!!ul+e!t o' +$(($&e o( 'o( le&$l se,$($to!1 t)e

+$te($l '$cts $lle&e% ! t)e co+,l$!t s)$ll $l*$0s .e ,(o-e%#

RULE 5SUARY UDGENTS

Secto! "# Su++$(0 /u%&+e!t 'o( cl$+$!t#

A ,$(t0 see8!& to (eco-e( u,o! $ cl$+1 cou!te(cl$+1 o( c(osscl$+ o( too.t$! $ %ecl$($to(0 (ele' +$01 $t $!0 t+e $'te( t)e ,le$%!& ! $!s*e(t)e(eto )$s .ee! se(-e%1 +o-e *t) su,,o(t!& $''%$-ts1 %e,osto!s o($%+sso!s 'o( $ su++$(0 /u%&+e!t ! )s '$-o( u,o! $ll o( $!0 ,$(tt)e(eo'#

Sec# 2# Su++$(0 /u%&+e!t 'o( %e'e!%!& ,$(t0#

A ,$(t0 $&$!st *)o+ $ cl$+1 cou!te(cl$+1 o( c(osscl$+ s $sse(te% o( $%ecl$($to(0 (ele' s sou&)t +$01 $t $!0 t+e1 +o-e *t) su,,o(t!&$''%$-ts1 %e,osto!s o( $%+sso!s 'o( $ su++$(0 /u%&+e!t ! )s '$-o($s to $ll o( $!0 ,$(t t)e(eo'#

Sec# # oto! $!% ,(ocee%!&s t)e(eo!#

T)e +oto! s)$ll .e se(-e% $t le$st te! 3"?4 %$0s .e'o(e t)e t+e s,ec'e%'o( t)e )e$(! T)e $%-e(se ,$(t0 +$0 se(-e o,,os!& $''%$-ts1%e,osto!s1 o( $%+sso!s $t le$st t)(ee 34 %$0s .e'o(e t)e )e$(! A'te(t)e )e$(!&1 t)e /u%&+e!t sou&)t s)$ll .e (e!%e(e% 'o(t)*t) ' t)e,le$%!&s1 su,,o(t!& $''%$-ts1 %e,osto!s1 $!% $%+sso!s o! 'le1 s)o*t)$t1 e


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Sec# 7# C$se !ot 'ull0 $%/u%c$te% o! +oto!#

I' o! +oto! u!%e( t)s Rule1 /u%&+e!t s !ot (e!%e(e% u,o! t)e *)ole c$seo( 'o( $ll t)e (ele's sou&)t $!% $ t($l s !ecess$(01 t)e cou(t $t t)e )e$(!&

o' t)e +oto!1 .0 e


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I' !o $,,e$l o( +oto! 'o( !e* t($l o( (eco!s%e($to! s 'le% *t)! t)et+e ,(o-%e% ! t)ese Rules1 t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( s)$ll 'o(t)*t) .ee!te(e% .0 t)e cle(8 ! t)e .oo8 o' e!t(es o' /u%&+e!ts# T)e %$te o' '!$lt0o' t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( s)$ll .e %ee+e% to .e t)e %$te o' ts e!t(0#T)e (eco(% s)$ll co!t$! t)e %s,ost-e ,$(t o' t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e(

$!% s)$ll .e s&!e% .0 t)e cle(81 *t) $ ce(t'c$te t)$t suc) /u%&+e!t o('!$l o(%e( )$s .eco+e '!$l $!% e


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Secto! "# G(ou!%s o' $!% ,e(o% 'o( 'l!& +oto! 'o( !e* t($l o((eco!s%e($to!#

t)! t)e ,e(o% 'o( t$8!& $! $,,e$l1 t)e $&&(e-e% ,$(t0 +$0 +o-e t)et($l cou(t to set $s%e t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( $!% &($!t $ !e* t($l 'o(

o!e o( +o(e o' t)e 'ollo*!& c$uses +$te($ll0 $''ect!& t)e su.st$!t$l(&)ts o' s$% ,$(t0

3$4 F($u%1 $cc%e!t1 +st$8e o( e


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'!$l o(%e( s co!t($(0 to t)e e-%e!ce o( l$*1 t +$0 $+e!% suc) /u%&+e!to( '!$l o(%e( $cco(%!&l0#

Sec# 7# Resoluto! o' +oto!#

A +oto! 'o( !e* t($l o( (eco!s%e($to! s)$ll .e (esol-e% *t)! t)(t0 3?4%$0s '(o+ t)e t+e t s su.+tte% 'o( (esoluto!#Sec# 5# Seco!% +oto! 'o( !e* t($l#

A +oto! 'o( !e* t($l s)$ll !clu%e $ll &(ou!%s t)e! $-$l$.le $!% t)ose !otso !clu%e% s)$ll .e %ee+e% *$-e%# A seco!% +oto! 'o( !e* t($l1 .$se%o! $ &(ou!% !ot e# Re+e%0 $&$!st o(%e( %e!0!& $ +oto! 'o( !e* t($l o( (eco!s%e($to!#

A! o(%e( %e!0!& $ +oto! 'o( !e* t($l o( (eco!s%e($to! s !ot$,,e$l$.le1 t)e (e+e%0 .e!& $! $,,e$l '(o+ t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e(#


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RULE =RELIEF FRO UDGENTS1 ORDERS1

OR OTER PROCEEDINGS

Secto! "# Petto! 'o( (ele' '(o+ /u%&+e!t1 o(%e(1 o( ot)e( ,(ocee%!&s#

)e! $ /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( s e!te(e%1 o( $!0 ot)e( ,(ocee%!& st)e(e$'te( t$8e! $&$!st $ ,$(t0 ! $!0 cou(t t)(ou&) '($u%1 $cc%e!t1+st$8e1 o( e


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*)c) t)e $%-e(se ,$(t0 +$0 )$-e $c;u(e% u,o! t)e ,(o,e(t0 o' t)e,etto!e(#

Sec# 6# P(ocee%!&s $'te( $!s*e( s 'le%#

A'te( t)e 'l!& o' t)e $!s*e( o( t)e e


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o' $ /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( e-e! .e'o(e t)e e


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'-e 354 0e$(s '(o+ t)e %$te o' ts e!t(0 $!% t)e(e$'te( .0 $cto! .e'o(e t s.$((e% .0 t)e st$tute o' l+t$to!s#

Sec# 9# E


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/u%&+e!t# Fo( t)s ,u(,ose1 t)e +oto! 'o( e# E


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Re$l ,(o,e(t01 stoc8s1 s)$(es1 %e.ts1 c(e%ts1 $!% ot)e( ,e(so!$l ,(o,e(t01o( $!0 !te(est ! et)e( (e$l o( ,e(so$!l ,(o,e(t01 +$0 .e le-e% u,o! !l8e +$!!e( $!% *t) l8e e''ect $s u!%e( $ *(t o' $tt$c)+e!t#

3c4 G$(!s)+e!t o' %e.ts $!% c(e%ts# T)e o''ce( +$0 le-0 o! %e.ts %uet)e /u%&+e!t o.l&o( $!% ot)e( c(e%ts1 !clu%!& .$!8 %e,osts1 '!$!c$l

!te(ests1 (o0$ltes1 co++sso!s $!% ot)e( ,e(so!$l ,(o,e(t0 !ot c$,$.leo' +$!u$l %el-e(0 ! t)e ,osssesso! o( co!t(ol o' t)(% ,$(tes# Le-0 s)$ll.e +$%e .0 se(-!& !otce u,o! t)e ,e(so! o*!& suc) %e.ts o( )$-!& !)s ,ossesso! o( co!t(ol suc) c(e%ts to *)c) t)e /u%&+e!t o.l&o( se!ttle%# T)e &$(!s)+e!t s)$ll co-e( o!l0 suc) $+ou!t $s *ll s$ts'0 t)e

/u%&+e!t $!% $ll l$*'ul 'ees#

T)e &$(!s)ee s)$ll +$8e $ *(tte! (e,o(t to t)e cou(t *t)! '-e 354 %$0s'(o+ se(-ce o' t)e !otce o' &$(!s)+e!t st$t!& *)et)e( o( !ot t)e

/u%&+e!t o.l&o( )$s su''ce!t 'u!%s o( c(e%ts to s$ts'0 t)e $+ou!t o't)e /u%&+e!t# I' !ot1 t)e (e,o(t s)$ll st$te )o* +uc) 'u!%s o( c(e%ts t)e&$(!s)ee )ol%s 'o( t)e /u%&+e!t o.l&o(# T)e &$(!s)e% $+ou!t ! c$s)1

o( ce(t'e% .$!8 c)ec8 ssue% ! t)e !$+e o' t)e /u%&+e!t o.l&ee1 s)$ll.e %el-e(e% %(ectl0 to t)e /u%&+e!t o.l&ee *t)! te! 3"?4 *o(8!& %$0s'(o+ se(-ce o' !otce o! s$% &$(!s)!& (e;u(!& suc) %el-e(01 e


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,(o,e(t0 s (e!%e(e% $!% $ll ,e(so! cl$+!& (&)ts u!%e( )+ to ,e$ce$.l0-$c$te t)e ,(o,e(t0 *t)! t)(ee 34 *o(8!& %$0s1 $!% (esto(e ,ossesso!t)e(eo' to t)e /u%&+e!t o.l&eeB ot)e(*se1 t)e o''ce( s)$ll oust $!% suc),e(so!s t)e(e'(o+ *t) t)e $ssst$!ce1 ' !ecess$(0 o' $,,(o,($te ,e$ceo''ce(s1 $!% e+,lo0!& suc) +e$!s $s +$0 .e (e$so!$.l0 !ecess$(0 to

(et$8e ,ossesso!1 $!% ,l$ce t)e /u%&+e!t o.l&ee ! ,ossesso! o' suc),(o,e(t0# A!0 costs1 %$+$&es1 (e!ts o( ,(o'ts $*$(%e% .0 t)e /u%&+e!ts)$ll .e s$ts'e% ! t)e s$+e +$!!e( $s $ /u%&+e!t 'o( +o!e0#

3%4 Re+o-$l o' +,(o-e+e!ts o! ,(o,e(t0 su./ect o' e


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3c4 T)(ee )o(ses1 o( t)(ee co*s1 o( t)(ee c$($.$os1 o( ot)e( .e$sts o'.u(%e! suc) $s t)e /u%&+e!t o.l&o( +$0 select !ecess$(l0 use% .0 )+! )s o(%!$(0 occu,$to!B

3%4 s !ecess$(0 clot)!& $!% $(tcles 'o( o(%!$(0 ,e(so!$l use1 e


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Sec# "5# Notce o' s$le o' ,(o,e(t0 o! e


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!ot less t)$! t)e -$lue o' t)e ,(o,e(t0 le-e% o!# I! c$se o' %s$&(ee+e!t$s to suc) -$lue1 t)e s$+e s)$ll .e %ete(+!e% .0 t)e cou(t ssu!& t)e *(to' e


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ot)e(*se %(ecte% .0 t)e /u%&+e!t o( o(%e( o' t)e cou(t# )e! t)e s$le so' (e$l ,(o,e(t01 co!sst!& o' se-e($l 8!o*! lots1 t)e0 +ust .e sol%se,$($tel0B o(1 *)e! $ ,o(to! o' suc) (e$l ,(o,e(t0 s cl$+e% .0 $ t)(%,e(so!1 )e +$0 (e;u(e t to .e sol% se,$($tel0# )e! t)e s$le s o',e(so!$l ,(o,e(t0 c$,$.le o' +$!u$l %el-e(01 t +ust .e sol% *t)! -e* o'

t)ose $tte!%!& t)e s$+e $!% ! suc) ,$(cels $s $(e l8el0 to .(!& t)e)&)est ,(ce# T)e /u%&+e!t o.l&o(1 ' ,(ese!t $t t)e s$le1 +$0 %(ect t)eo(%e( ! *)c) ,(o,e(t01 (e$l o( ,e(so!$l1 s)$ll .e sol%1 *)e! suc) ,(o,e(t0co!ssts o' se-e($l 8!o*! lots o( ,$(cels *)c) c$! .e sol% to $%-$!t$&ese,$($tel0# Net)e( t)e o''ce( co!%uct!& t)e e


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,(o,e(t0 to t)e ,u(c)$se( $!%1 ' %es(e%1 e


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le! u!%e( *)c) t)e ,(o,e(t0 *$s sol%# Suc) (e%ee+!& c(e%to( s te(+e%$ (e%e+,to!e(#

Sec# 2=# T+e $!% +$!!e( o'1 $!% $+ou!ts ,$0$.le o!1 success-e (e%e+,to!sB!otce to .e &-e! $!% 'le%#

T)e /u%&+e!t o.l&o(1 o( (e%e+,to!e(1 +$0 (e%ee+ t)e ,(o,e(t0 '(o+ t)e,u(c)$se(1 $t $!0 t+e *t)! o!e 3"4 0e$( '(o+ t)e %$te o' t)e (e&st($to!o' t)e ce(t'c$te o' s$le1 .0 ,$0!& t)e ,u(c)$se( t)e $+ou!t o' )s,u(c)$se1 *t) o!e ,e( ce!tu+ ,e( +o!t) !te(est t)e(eo! ! $%%to!1 u,to t)e t+e o' (e%e+,to!1 to&et)e( *t) t)e $+ou!t o' $!0 $ssess+e!ts o(t$


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,(o,e(t0# Suc) ce(t'c$te +ust .e 'le% $!% (eco(%e% ! t)e (e&st(0 o'%ee%s o' t)e ,l$ce ! *)c) t)e ,(o,e(t0 s stu$te%1 $!% t)e (e&st($( o'%ee%s +ust !ote t)e (eco(% t)e(eo' o! t)e +$(&! o' t)e (eco(% o' t)ece(t'c$te o' s$le# T)e ,$0+e!ts +e!to!e% ! t)s $!% t)e l$st ,(ece%!&secto!s +$0 .e +$%e to t)e ,u(c)$se( o( (e%e+,to!e(1 o( 'o( )+ to t)e

o''ce( *)o +$%e t)e s$le#Sec# ?# P(oo' (e;u(e% o' (e%e+,to!e(#

A (e%e+,to!e( +ust ,(o%uce to t)e o''ce(1 o( ,e(so! '(o+ *)o+ )e see8sto (e%ee+1 $!% se(-e *t) )s !otce to t)e o''ce( $ co,0 o' t)e /u%&+e!to( '!$l o(%e( u!%e( *)c) )e cl$+s t)e (&)t to (e%ee+1 ce(t'e% .0 t)ecle(8 o' t)e cou(t *)e(e! t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( s e!te(e%B o(1 ' )e(e%ee+s u,o! $ +o(t&$&e o( ot)e( le!1 $ +e+o($!%u+ o' t)e (eco(%t)e(eo'1 ce(t'e% .0 t)e (e&st($( o' %ee%sB o( $! o(&!$l o( ce(t'e% co,0o' $!0 $ss&!+e!t !ecess$(0 to est$.ls) )s cl$+B $!% $! $''%$-t

e


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s


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s)o*s t)$t t)e /u%&+e!t (e+$!s u!s$ts'e%1 ! *)ole o( ! ,$(t1 t)e/u%&+e!t o.l&ee1 $t $!0 t+e $'te( suc) (etu(! s +$%e1 s)$ll .e e!ttle% to$! o(%e( '(o+ t)e cou(t *)c) (e!%e(e% t)e s$% /u%&+e!t1 (e;u(!& suc)

/u%&+e!t o.l&o( to $,,e$( $!% .e e


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e


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o( -$c$te% $t $!0 t+e .0 t)e cou(t *)c) ssue% t1 o( .0 t)e cou(t ! *)c)t)e $cto! s .(ou&)t1 u,o! suc) te(+s $s +$0 .e /ust#

Sec# 77# E!t(0 o' s$ts'$cto! o' /u%&+e!t .0 cle(8 o' cou(t#

S$ts'$cto! o' $ /u%&+e!t s)$ll .e e!te(e% .0 t)e cle(8 o' cou(t ! t)e cou(t%oc8et1 $!% ! t)e e


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3.4 I! ot)e( c$ses1 t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( s1 *t) (es,ect to t)e +$tte(%(ectl0 $%/u%&e% o( $s to $!0 ot)e( +$tte( t)$t coul% )$-e .ee! ($se% !(el$to! t)e(eto1 co!clus-e .et*ee! t)e ,$(tes $!% t)e( successo(s !!te(est .0 ttle su.se;ue!t to t)e co++e!ce+e!t o' t)e $cto! o( s,ec$l,(ocee%!&1 lt&$t!& 'o( t)e s$+e t)!& $!% u!%e( t)e s$+e ttle $!% ! t)e

s$+e c$,$ct0B $!%3c4 I! $!0 ot)e( lt&$to! .et*ee! t)e s$+e ,$(tes o( t)e( successo(s !!te(est1 t)$t o!l0 s %ee+e% to )$-e .ee! $%/u%&e% ! $ 'o(+e( /u%&+e!to( '!$l o(%e( *)c) $,,e$(s u,o! ts '$ce to )$-e .ee! so $%/u%&e%1 o(

*)c) *$s $ctu$ll0 $!% !ecess$(l0 !clu%e% t)e(e! o( !ecess$(0 t)e(eto#

Sec# 7=# E''ect o' 'o(e&! /u%&+e!ts o( '!$l o(%e(s#

T)e e''ect o' $ /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( o' $ t(.u!$l o' $ 'o(e&! cou!t(01)$-!& /u(s%cto! to (e!%e( t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( s $s 'ollo*s3$4 I! c$se o' $ /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( u,o! $ s,ec'c t)!&1 t)e /u%&+e!to( '!$l o(%e( s co!clus-e u,o! t)e ttle to t)e t)!&B $!%

3.4 I! c$se o' $ /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( $&$!st $ ,e(so!1 t)e /u%&+e!t o('!$l o(%e( s ,(esu+,t-e e-%e!ce o' $ (&)t $s .et*ee! t)e ,$(tes $!%t)e( successo(s ! !te(est .0 $ su.se;ue!t ttle#

I! et)e( c$se1 t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( +$0 .e (e,elle% .0 e-%e!ce o' $*$!t o' /u(s%cto!1 *$!t o' !otce to t)e ,$(t01 colluso!1 '($u%1 o( cle$(+st$8e o' l$* o( '$ct#

RULE 7?

APPEAL FRO UNICIPAL TRIAL COURTSTO TE REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS

Secto! "# )e(e to $,,e$l#

A! $,,e$l '(o+ $ /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( o' $ u!c,$l T($l Cou(t +$0 .et$8e! to t)e Re&o!$l T($l Cou(t e


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T)e $,,e$l s t$8e! .0 'l!& $ !otce o' $,,e$l *t) t)e cou(t t)$t (e!%e(e%t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( $,,e$le% '(o+# T)e !otce o' $,,e$l s)$ll!%c$te t)e ,$(tes to t)e $,,e$l1 t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( o( ,$(t t)e(eo'$,,e$le% '(o+1 $!% st$te t)e +$te($l %$tes s)o*!& t)e t+el!ess o' t)e$,,e$l#

A (eco(% o! $,,e$l s)$ll .e (e;u(e% o!l0 ! s,ec$l ,(ocee%!&s $!% !ot)e( c$ses o' +ult,le o( se,$($te $,,e$ls#

T)e 'o(+ $!% co!te!ts o' t)e (eco(% o! $,,e$l s)$ll .e $s ,(o-%e% !secto! 61 Rule 7"#

Co,es o' t)e !otce o' $,,e$l1 $!% t)e (eco(% o! $,,e$l *)e(e (e;u(e%1s)$ll .e se(-e% o! t)e $%-e(se ,$(t0#

Sec# 7# Pe('ecto! o' $,,e$lB e''ect t)e(eo'#

T)e ,e('ecto! o' t)e $,,e$l $!% t)e e''ect t)e(eo' s)$ll .e &o-e(!e% .0 t)e,(o-so!s o' secto! >1 Rule 7"#

Sec# 5# A,,ell$te cou(t %oc8et $!% ot)e( l$*'ul 'ees#

t)! t)e ,e(o% 'o( t$8!& $! $,,e$l1 t)e $,,ell$!t s)$ll ,$0 to t)e cle(8o' t)e cou(t *)c) (e!%e(e% t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( $,,e$le% '(o+ t)e'ull $+ou!t o' t)e $,,ell$te cou(t %oc8et $!% ot)e( l$*'ul 'ees# P(oo' o',$0+e!t t)e(eo' s)$ll .e t($!s+tte% to t)e $,,ell$te cou(t to&et)e( *t)t)e o(&!$l (eco(% o( t)e (eco(% o! $,,e$l1 $s t)e c$se +$0 .e#

Sec# 6# Dut0 o' t)e cle(8 o' cou(t#

t)! ''tee! 3"54 %$0s '(o+ t)e ,e('ecto! o' t)e $,,e$l1 t)e cle(8 o' cou(to( t)e .($!c) cle(8 o' cou(t o' t)e lo*e( cou(t s)$ll t($!s+t t)e o(&!$l

(eco(% o( t)e (eco(% o! $,,e$l1 to&et)e( *t) t)e t($!sc(,ts $!% e


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(eco(% o' t)e ,(ocee%!&s )$% ! t)e cou(t o' o(&! $!% suc) +e+o($!%$$s $(e 'le%#

Sec# =# A,,e$l '(o+ o(%e(s %s+ss!& c$se *t)out t($lB l$c8 o' /u(s%cto!#

I' $! $,,e$l s t$8e! '(o+ $! o(%e( o' t)e lo*e( cou(t %s+ss!& t)e c$se

*t)out $ t($l o! t)e +e(ts1 t)e Re&o!$l T($l Cou(t +$0 $''(+ o( (e-e(set1 $s t)e c$se +$0 .e# I! c$se o' $''(+$!ce $!% t)e &(ou!% o' %s+ss$l sl$c8 o' /u(s%cto! o-e( t)e su./ect +$tte(1 t)e Re&o!$l T($l Cou(t1 ' t )$s

/u(s%cto! t)e(eo-e(1 s)$ll t(0 t)e c$se o! t)e +e(ts $s ' t)e c$se *$so(&!$ll0 'le% *t) t# I! c$se o' (e-e(s$l1 t)e c$se s)$ll .e (e+$!%e% 'o('u(t)e( ,(ocee%!&s#

I' t)e c$se *$s t(e% o! t)e +e(ts .0 t)e lo*e( cou(t *t)out /u(s%cto!o-e( t)e su./ect +$tte(1 t)e Re&o!$l T($l Cou(t o! $,,e$l s)$ll !ot%s+ss t)e c$se ' t )$s o(&!$l /u(s%cto! t)e(eo'1 .ut s)$ll %ec%e t)ec$se ! $cco(%$!ce *t) t)e ,(ece%!& secto!1 *t)out ,(e/u%ce to t)e$%+sso! o' $+e!%e% ,le$%!&s $!% $%%to!$l e-%e!ce ! t)e !te(est o'

/ustce#Sec# ># A,,lc$.lt0 o' Rule 7"#

T)e ot)e( ,(o-so!s o' Rule 7" s)$ll $,,l0 to $,,e$ls ,(o-%e% 'o( )e(e!!so'$( $s t)e0 $(e !ot !co!sste!t *t) o( +$0 se(-e to su,,le+e!t t)e,(o-so!s o' t)s Rule#

RULE 7"APPEAL FRO TE REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS

Secto! "# Su./ect o' $,,e$l#

A! $,,e$l +$0 .e t$8e! '(o+ $ /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( t)$t co+,letel0%s,oses o' t)e c$se1 o( o' $ ,$(tcul$( +$tte( t)e(e! *)e! %ecl$(e% .0t)ese Rules to .e $,,e$l$.le#

No $,,e$l +$0 .e t$8e! '(o+

3$4 A! o(%e( %e!0!& $ +oto! 'o( !e* t($l o( (eco!s%e($to!B

3.4 A! o(%e( %e!0!& $ ,etto! 'o( (ele' o( $!0 s+l$( +oto!see8!& (ele' '(o+ /u%&+e!tB

3c4 A! !te(locuto(0 o(%e(B

3%4 A! o(%e( %s$llo*!& o( %s+ss!& $! $,,e$lB

3e4 A! o(%e( %e!0!& $ +oto! to set $s%e $ /u%&+e!t .0 co!se!t1co!'esso! o( co+,(o+se o! t)e &(ou!% o' '($u%1 +st$8e o(%u(ess1 o( $!0 ot)e( &(ou!% -t$t!& co!se!tB

3'4 A! o(%e( o' e


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3)4 A! o(%e( %s+ss!& $! $cto! *t)out ,(e/u%ce#

I! $ll t)e $.o-e !st$!ces *)e(e t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( s !ot$,,e$l$.le1 t)e $&&(e-e% ,$(t0 +$0 'le $! $,,(o,($te s,ec$l c-l$cto! u!%e( Rule 65#

Sec# 2# o%es o' $,,e$l#

3$4 O(%!$(0 $,,e$l# T)e $,,e$l to t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls ! c$ses %ec%e%.0 t)e Re&o!$l T($l Cou(t ! t)e e


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o(%e( '(o+ *)c) t)e $,,e$l s t$8e! $!%1 ! c)(o!olo&c$l o(%e(1 co,es o'o!l0 suc) ,le$%!&s1 ,etto!s1 +oto!s $!% $ll !te(locuto(0 o(%e(s $s $(e(el$te% to t)e $,,e$le% /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( 'o( t)e ,(o,e(u!%e(st$!%!& o' t)e ssue !-ol-e%1 to&et)e( *t) suc) %$t$ $s *ll s)o*t)$t t)e $,,e$l *$s ,e('ecte% o! t+e# I' $! ssue o' '$ct s to .e ($se% o!

$,,e$l1 t)e (eco(% o! $,,e$l s)$ll !clu%e .0 (e'e(e!ce $ll t)e e-%e!ce1test+o!$l $!% %ocu+e!t$(01 t$8e! u,o! t)e ssue !-ol-e%# T)e (e'e(e!ces)$ll s,ec'0 t)e %ocu+e!t$(0 e-%e!ce .0 t)e e


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I! et)e( c$se1 ,(o( to t)e t($!s+tt$l o' t)e o(&!$l (eco(% o( t)e (eco(% o!$,,e$l1 t)e cou(t +$0 ssue o(%e(s 'o( t)e ,(otecto! $!% ,(ese(-$to! o't)e (&)ts o' t)e ,$(tes *)c) %o !ot !-ol-e $!0 +$tte( lt&$te% .0 t)e$,,e$l1 $,,(o-e co+,(o+ses1 ,e(+t $,,e$ls o' !%&e!t lt&$!ts1 o(%e(e


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,e('ecto! o' t)e $,,e$l1 to&et)e( *t) t)e ,(oo' o' ,$0+e!t o' t)e $,,ell$tecou(t %oc8et $!% ot)e( l$*'ul 'ees1 $ ce(t'e% t(ue co,0 o' t)e +!utes o't)e ,(ocee%!&s1 t)e o(%e( o' $,,(o-$l1 t)e ce(t'c$te o' co((ect!ess1 t)eo(&!$l %ocu+e!t$(0 e-%e!ce (e'e((e% to t)e(e!1 $!% t)e o(&!$l $!%t)(ee 34 co,es o' t)e t($!sc(,ts# Co,es o' t)e t($!sc(,ts $!% ce(t'e%

t(ue co,es o' t)e %ocu+e!t$(0 e-%e!ce s)$ll (e+$! ! t)e lo*e( cou(t 'o(t)e e


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cou(ts1 ce(t'e% co((ect .0 t)e cle(8 o' cou(t o' t)e Re&o!$l T($l Cou(t1 t)e(e;uste !u+.e( o' ,l$! co,es t)e(eo' $!% o' t)e ,le$%!&s $!% ot)e(+$te($l ,o(to!s o' t)e (eco(% $s *oul% su,,o(t t)e $lle&$to!s o' t)e,etto!#

T)e ,etto!e( s)$ll $lso su.+t to&et)e( *t) t)e ,etto! $ ce(t'c$to!

u!%e( o$t) t)$t )e )$s !ot t)e(eto'o(e co++e!ce% $!0 ot)e( $cto!!-ol-!& t)e s$+e ssues ! t)e Su,(e+e Cou(t1 t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls o(%''e(e!t %-so!s t)e(eo'1 o( $!0 ot)e( t(.u!$l o( $&e!c0B ' t)e(e s suc)ot)e( $cto! o( ,(ocee%!&1 )e +ust st$te t)e st$tus o' t)e s$+eB $!% ' )es)oul% t)e(e$'te( le$(! t)$t $ s+l$( $cto! o( ,(ocee%!& )$s .ee! 'le% o(s ,e!%!& .e'o(e t)e Su,(e+e Cou(t1 t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls1 o( %''e(e!t%-so!s t)e(eo'1 o( $!0 ot)e( t(.u!$l o( $&e!c01 )e u!%e(t$8es to,(o+,tl0 !'o(+ t)e $'o(es$% cou(ts $!% ot)e( t(.u!$l o( $&e!c0 t)e(eo'

*t)! '-e 354 %$0s t)e(e'(o+#

Sec# # E''ect o' '$lu(e to co+,l0 *t) (e;u(e+e!ts#

T)e '$lu(e o' t)e ,etto!e( to co+,l0 *t) $!0 o' t)e 'o(e&o!&(e;u(e+e!ts (e&$(%!& t)e ,$0+e!t o' t)e %oc8et $!% ot)e( l$*'ul 'ees1t)e %e,ost 'o( costs1 ,(oo' o' se(-ce o' t)e ,etto!1 $!% t)e co!te!ts o'$!% t)e %ocu+e!ts *)c) s)oul% $cco+,$!0 t)e ,etto! s)$ll .esu''ce!t &(ou!% 'o( t)e %s+ss$l t)e(eo'#

Sec# 7# Acto! o! t)e ,etto!#

T)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls +$0 (e;u(e t)e (es,o!%e!t to 'le $ co++e!t o! t)e,etto!1 !ot $ +oto! to %s+ss1 *t)! te! 3"?4 %$0s '(o+ !otce1 o(%s+ss t)e ,etto! ' t '!%s t)e s$+e to .e ,$te!tl0 *t)out +e(t1,(osecute% +$!'estl0 'o( %el$01 o( t)$t t)e ;uesto!s ($se% t)e(e! $(e too

u!su.st$!t$l to (e;u(e co!s%e($to!#Sec# 5# Co!te!ts o' co++e!t#

T)e co++e!t o' t)e (es,o!%e!t s)$ll .e 'le% ! se-e! 394 le&.le co,es1$cco+,$!e% .0 ce(t'e% t(ue co,es o' suc) +$te($l ,o(to!s o' t)e(eco(% (e'e((e% to t)e(e! to&et)e( *t) ot)e( su,,o(t!& ,$,e(s $!% s)$ll3$4 st$te *)et)e( o( !ot )e $cce,ts t)e st$te+e!t o' +$tte(s !-ol-e% ! t)e,etto!B 3.4 ,o!t out suc) !su''ce!ces o( !$ccu($ces $s )e .ele-ese


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Sec# 9# Ele-$to! o' (eco(%#

)e!e-e( t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls %ee+s t !ecess$(01 t +$0 o(%e( t)e cle(8o' cou(t o' t)e Re&o!$l T($l Cou(t to ele-$te t)e o(&!$l (eco(% o' t)e c$se!clu%!& t)e o($l $!% %ocu+e!t$(0 e-%e!ce *t)! ''tee! 3"54 %$0s '(o+

!otce#Sec# =# Pe('ecto! o' $,,e$lB e''ect t)e(eo'#

3$4 U,o! t)e t+el0 'l!& o' $ ,etto! 'o( (e-e* $!% t)e ,$0+e!t o' t)eco((es,o!%!& %oc8et $!% ot)e( l$*'ul 'ees1 t)e $,,e$l s %ee+e%,e('ecte% $s to t)e ,etto!e(#

T)e Re&o!$l T($l Cou(t loses /u(s%cto! o-e( t)e c$se u,o! t)e,e('ecto! o' t)e $,,e$ls 'le% ! %ue t+e $!% t)e e


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A%+!st($to!1 E!e(&0 Re&ul$to(0 @o$(%1 N$to!$l Teleco++u!c$to!sCo++sso!1 De,$(t+e!t o' A&($($! Re'o(+ u!%e( Re,u.lc Act No# 66591Go-e(!+e!t Se(-ce I!su($!ce S0ste+1 E+,lo0ees Co+,e!s$to!Co++sso!1 A&(cultu($l I!-e!to!s @o$(%1 I!su($!ce Co++sso!1P)l,,!e Ato+c E!e(&0 Co++sso!1 @o$(% o' I!-est+e!ts1 Co!st(ucto!

I!%ust(0 A(.t($to! Co++sso!1 $!% -olu!t$(0 $(.t($to(s $ut)o(:e% .0l$*#Sec# 2# C$ses !ot co-e(e%#

T)s Rule s)$ll !ot $,,l0 to /u%&+e!ts o( '!$l o(%e(s ssue% u!%e( t)eL$.o( Co%e o' t)e P)l,,!es#

Sec# # )e(e to $,,e$l#

A! $,,e$l u!%e( t)s Rule +$0 .e t$8e! to t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls *t)! t)e,e(o% $!% ! t)e +$!!e( )e(e! ,(o-%e%1 *)et)e( t)e $,,e$l !-ol-es;uesto!s o' '$ct1 o' l$*1 o( +


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T)e ,etto! 'o( (e-e* s)$ll 3$4 st$te t)e 'ull !$+es o' t)e ,$(tes to t)ec$se1 *t)out +,le$%!& t)e cou(t o( $&e!ces et)e( $s ,etto!e(s o((es,o!%e!tsB 3.4 co!t$! $ co!cse st$te+e!t o' t)e '$cts $!% ssues!-ol-e% $!% t)e &(ou!%s (ele% u,o! 'o( t)e (e-e*B 3c4 .e $cco+,$!e%.0 $ cle$(l0 le&.le %u,lc$te o(&!$l o( $ ce(t'e% t(ue co,0 o' t)e $*$(%1

/u%&+e!t1 '!$l o(%e( o( (esoluto! $,,e$le% '(o+1 to&et)e( *t) ce(t'e%t(ue co,es o' suc) +$te($l ,o(to!s o' t)e (eco(% (e'e((e% to t)e(e! $!%ot)e( su,,o(t!& ,$,e(sB $!% 3%4 co!t$! $ s*o(! ce(t'c$to! $&$!st'o(u+ s)o,,!& $s ,(o-%e% ! t)e l$st ,$($&($,) o' secto! 21 Rule 72# T)e,etto! s)$ll st$te t)e s,ec'c +$te($l %$tes s)o*!& t)$t t *$s 'le%

*t)! t)e ,e(o% '


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*)e! su,,o(te% .0 su.st$!t$l e-%e!ce1 s)$ll .e .!%!& o! t)e Cou(t o'A,,e$ls#

Sec# ""# T($!s+tt$l o' (eco(%#

t)! ''tee! 3"54 %$0s '(o+ !otce t)$t t)e ,etto! )$s .ee! &-e! %ue

cou(se1 t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls +$0 (e;u(e t)e cou(t o( $&e!c0 co!ce(!e% tot($!s+t t)e o(&!$l o( $ le&.le ce(t'e% t(ue co,0 o' t)e e!t(e (eco(% o't)e ,(ocee%!& u!%e( (e-e*# T)e (eco(% to .e t($!s+tte% +$0 .e $.(%&e%.0 $&(ee+e!t o' $ll ,$(tes to t)e ,(ocee%! T)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls +$0(e;u(e o( ,e(+t su.se;ue!t co((ecto! o' o( $%%to! to t)e (eco(%#

Sec# "2# E''ect o' $,,e$l#

T)e $,,e$l s)$ll !ot st$0 t)e $*$(%1 /u%&+e!t1 '!$l o(%e( o( (esoluto!sou&)t to .e (e-e*e% u!less t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls s)$ll %(ect ot)e(*seu,o! suc) te(+s $s t +$0 %ee+ /ust#

Sec# "# Su.+sso! 'o( %ecso!#

I' t)e ,etto! s &-e! %ue cou(se1 t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls +$0 set t)e c$se'o( o($l $(&u+e!t o( (e;u(e t)e ,$(tes to su.+t +e+o($!%$ *t)! $,e(o% o' ''tee! 3"54 %$0s '(o+ !otce# T)e c$se s)$ll .e %ee+e% su.+tte%'o( %ecso! u,o! t)e 'l!& o' t)e l$st ,le$%!& o( +e+o($!%u+ (e;u(e%.0 t)ese Rules o( .0 t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls#

RULE 77ORDINARY APPEALED CASES

Secto! "# Ttle o' c$ses#

I! $ll c$ses $,,e$le% to t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls u!%e( Rule 7"1 t)e ttle o' t)ec$se s)$ll (e+$! $s t *$s ! t)e cou(t o' o(&!1 .ut t)e ,$(t0 $,,e$l!&t)e c$se s)$ll .e 'u(t)e( (e'e((e% to $s t)e $,,ell$!t $!% t)e $%-e(se ,$(t0$s t)e $,,ellee# c)$! (o.les -(tu$l l$* l.($(0

Sec# 2# Cou!sel $!% &u$(%$!s#

T)e cou!sel $!% &u$(%$!s $% lte+ o' t)e ,$(tes ! t)e cou(t o' o(&!s)$ll .e (es,ect-el0 co!s%e(e% $s t)e( cou!sel $!% &u$(%$!s $% lte+ !t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls# )e! ot)e(s $,,e$( o( $(e $,,o!te%1 !otce t)e(eo's)$ll .e se(-e% ++e%$tel0 o! t)e $%-e(se ,$(t0 $!% 'le% *t) t)e cou(t#

32$1 R764Sec# # O(%e( o' t($!s+tt$l o' (eco(%#

I' t)e o(&!$l (eco(% o( t)e (eco(% o! $,,e$l s !ot t($!s+tte% to t)e Cou(to' A,,e$ls *t)! t)(t0 3?4 %$0s $'te( t)e ,e('ecto! o' t)e $,,e$l1 et)e(,$(t0 +$0 'le $ +oto! *t) t)e t($l cou(t1 *t) !otce to t)e ot)e(1 'o( t)et($!s+tt$l o' suc) (eco(% o( (eco(% o! $,,e$l#


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Sec# 7# Doc8et!& o' c$se#

U,o! (ece-!& t)e o(&!$l (eco(% o( t)e (eco(% o! $,,e$l $!% t)e$cco+,$!0!& %ocu+e!ts $!% e


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t)! t*e!t0 32?4 %$0s '(o+ (ece,t o' t)e $,,ellees .(e'1 t)e $,,ell$!t+$0 'le $ (e,l0 .(e' $!s*e(!& ,o!ts ! t)e $,,ellees .(e' !ot co-e(e% !)s +$! .(e'#

Sec# "?# T+e 'o( 'l!& +e+o($!%$ ! s,ec$l c$ses#

I! ce(to($(1 ,(o).to!1 +$!%$+us1 ;uo *$(($!to $!% )$.e$s co(,usc$ses1 t)e ,$(tes s)$ll 'le1 ! leu o' .(e's1 t)e( (es,ect-e +e+o($!%$*t)! $ !o!e


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3e4 A cle$( $!% co!cse st$te+e!t o' t)e ssues o' '$ct o( l$* to .esu.+tte% to t)e cou(t 'o( ts /u%&+e!tB

3'4 U!%e( t)e )e$%!& A(&u+e!t1 t)e $,,ell$!ts $(&u+e!ts o! e$c)$ss&!+e!t o' e((o( *t) ,$&e (e'e(e!ces to t)e (eco(%# T)e$ut)o(tes (ele% u,o! s)$ll .e cte% .0 t)e ,$&e o' t)e (e,o(t $t

*)c) t)e c$se .e&!s $!% t)e ,$&e o' t)e (e,o(t o! *)c) t)ect$to! s 'ou!%B

3&4 U!%e( t)e )e$%!& Rele'1 $ s,ec'c$to! o' t)e o(%e( o(/u%&+e!t *)c) t)e $,,ell$!t see8sB $!%

3)4 I! c$ses !ot .(ou&)t u, .0 (eco(% o! $,,e$l1 t)e $,,ell$!ts .(e's)$ll co!t$!1 $s $! $,,e!%


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Su,(e+e Cou(t $ -e('e% ,etto! 'o( (e-e* o! ce(to($(# T)e ,etto! s)$ll($se o!l0 ;uesto!s o' l$* *)c) +ust .e %st!ctl0 set 'o(t)#

Sec# 2# T+e 'o( 'l!&B e


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T)e Su,(e+e Cou(t +$0 o! ts o*! !t$t-e %e!0 t)e ,etto! o! t)e&(ou!% t)$t t)e $,,e$l s *t)out +e(t1 o( s ,(osecute% +$!'estl0 'o(%el$01 o( t)$t t)e ;uesto!s ($se% t)e(e! $(e too u!su.st$!t$l to (e;u(eco!s%e($to!#

Sec# 6# Re-e* %sc(eto!$(0#

A (e-e* s !ot $ +$tte( o' (&)t1 .ut o' sou!% /u%c$l %sc(eto!1 $!% *ll .e&($!te% o!l0 *)e! t)e(e $(e s,ec$l $!% +,o(t$!t (e$so!s t)e(e'o(# T)e'ollo*!&1 *)le !et)e( co!t(oll!& !o( 'ull0 +e$su(!& t)e cou(ts%sc(eto!1 !%c$te t)e c)$($cte( o' t)e (e$so!s *)c) *ll .e co!s%e(e%

3$4 )e! t)e cou(t $ ;uo )$s %ec%e% $ ;uesto! o' su.st$!ce1 !ott)e(eto'o(e %ete(+!e% .0 t)e Su,(e+e Cou(t1 o( )$s %ec%e% t ! $

*$0 ,(o.$.l0 !ot ! $cco(% *t) l$* o( *t) t)e $,,lc$.le %ecso!so' t)e Su,(e+e Cou(tB o(

3.4 )e! t)e cou(t $ ;uo )$s so '$( %e,$(te% '(o+ t)e $cce,te% $!%

usu$l cou(se o' /u%c$l ,(ocee%!&s1 o( so '$( s$!cto!e% suc)%e,$(tu(e .0 $ lo*e( cou(t1 $s to c$ll 'o( $! e# Rule $,,lc$.le to .ot) c-l $!% c(+!$l c$ses#

T)e +o%e o' $,,e$l ,(esc(.e% ! t)s Rule s)$ll .e $,,lc$.le to .ot) c-l

$!% c(+!$l c$ses1 e


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I! $ll c$ses o(&!$ll0 'le% ! t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls1 t)e ,$(t0 !sttut!& t)e$cto! s)$ll .e c$lle% t)e ,etto!e( $!% t)e o,,os!& ,$(t0 t)e (es,o!%e!t#

Sec# 2# To *)$t $cto!s $,,lc$.le#

T)s Rule s)$ll $,,l0 to o(&!$l $cto!s 'o( ce(to($(1 ,(o).to!1

+$!%$+us $!% ;uo *$(($!to#E


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T)e cou(t s)$ll $c;u(e /u(s%cto! o-e( t)e ,e(so! o' t)e (es,o!%e!t .0t)e se(-ce o! )+ o' ts o(%e( o( (esoluto! !%c$t!& ts !t$l $cto! o!t)e ,etto! o( .0 )s -olu!t$(0 su.+sso! to suc) /u(s%cto!#

Sec# 5# Acto! .0 t)e cou(t#

T)e cou(t +$0 %s+ss t)e ,etto! out(&)t *t) s,ec'c (e$so!s 'o( suc)%s+ss$l o( (e;u(e t)e (es,o!%e!t to 'le $ co++e!t o! t)e s$+e *t)!te! 3"?4 %$0s '(o+ !otce# O!l0 ,le$%!&s (e;u(e% .0 t)e cou(t s)$ll .e$llo*e%# All ot)e( ,le$%!&s $!% ,$,e(s +$0 .e 'le% o!l0 *t) le$-e o'cou(t#

Sec# 6# Dete(+!$to! o' '$ctu$l ssues#

)e!e-e( !ecess$(0 to (esol-e '$ctu$l ssues1 t)e cou(t tsel' +$0 co!%uct)e$(!&s t)e(eo! o( %ele&$te t)e (ece,to! o' t)e e-%e!ce o! suc) ssuesto $!0 o' ts +e+.e(s o( to $! $,,(o,($te cou(t1 $&e!c0 o( o''ce#

Sec# 9# E''ect o' '$lu(e to 'le co++e!t#

)e! !o co++e!t s 'le% .0 $!0 o' t)e (es,o!%e!ts1 t)e c$se +$0 .e%ec%e% o! t)e .$ss o' t)e (eco(%1 *t)out ,(e/u%ce to $!0 %sc,l!$(0$cto! *)c) t)e cou(t +$0 t$8e $&$!st t)e %so.e%e!t ,$(t0#

RULE 79ANNULENT OF UDGENTS

OR FINAL ORDERS AND RESOLUTIONS

Secto! "# Co-e($&e#

T)s Rule s)$ll &o-e(! t)e $!!ul+e!t .0 t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls o' /u%&+e!tso( '!$l o(%e(s $!% (esoluto!s ! c-l $cto!s o' Re&o!$l T($l Cou(ts 'o(

*)c) t)e o(%!$(0 (e+e%es o' !e* t($l1 $,,e$l1 ,etto! 'o( (ele' o( ot)e($,,(o,($te (e+e%es $(e !o lo!&e( $-$l$.le t)(ou&) !o '$ult o' t)e,etto!e(#

Sec# 2# G(ou!%s 'o( $!!ul+e!t#

T)e $!!ul+e!t +$0 .e .$se% o!l0 o! t)e &(ou!%s o' e


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t)ose su,,o(t!& t)e ,etto!e(s &oo% $!% su.st$!t$l c$use o' $cto! o(%e'e!se1 $s t)e c$se +$0 .e#

T)e ,etto! s)$ll .e 'le% ! se-e! 394 cle$(l0 le&.le co,es1 to&et)e( *t)su''ce!t co,es co((es,o!%!& to t)e !u+.e( o' (es,o!%e!ts# A ce(t'e%t(ue co,0 o' t)e /u%&+e!t o( '!$l o(%e( o( (esoluto! s)$ll .e $tt$c)e% to

t)e o(&!$l co,0 o' t)e ,etto! !te!%e% 'o( t)e cou(t $!% !%c$te% $ssuc) .0 t)e ,etto!e(#

T)e ,etto!e( s)$ll $lso su.+t to&et)e( *t) t)e ,etto! $''%$-ts o'*t!esses o( %ocu+e!ts su,,o(t!& t)e c$use o' $cto! o( %e'e!se $!% $s*o(! ce(t'c$to! t)$t )e )$s !ot t)e(eto'o(e co++e!ce% $!0 ot)e( $cto!!-ol-!& t)e s$+e ssues ! t)e Su,(e+e Cou(t1 t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls o(%''e(e!t %-so!s t)e(eo'1 o( $!0 ot)e( t(.u!$l o( $&e!c0B ' t)e(e s suc)ot)e( $cto! o( ,(ocee%!&1 )e +ust st$te t)e st$tus o' t)e s$+e1 $!% ' )es)oul% t)e(e$'te( le$(! t)$t $ s+l$( $cto! o( ,(ocee%!& )$s .ee! 'le% o(s ,e!%!& .e'o(e t)e Su,(e+e Cou(t1 t)e Cou(t o' A,,e$ls1 o( %''e(e!t%-so!s t)e(eo'1 o( $!0 ot)e( t(.u!$l o( $&e!c01 )e u!%e(t$8es to

,(o+,tl0 !'o(+ t)e $'o(es$% cou(ts $!% ot)e( t(.u!$l o( $&e!c0 t)e(eo'*t)! '-e 354 %$0s t)e(e'(o+#c)$! (o.les -(tu$l l$* l.($(0

Sec# 5# Acto! .0 t)e cou(t#

S)oul% t)e cou(t '!% !o su.st$!t$l +e(t ! t)e ,etto!1 t)e s$+e +$0 .e%s+sse% out(&)t *t) s,ec'c (e$so!s 'o( suc) %s+ss$l#

S)oul% ,(+

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