rules of graphics
TRANSCRIPT
Markel Chapters12
Transforming Life into Graphics
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 2
Graphics help us:• Catch the reader’s attention and
interest.
• Communicate information that is difficult to communicate with words.
• Clarify and emphasize information.
• Communicate with nonnative speakers of English.
• Communicate information to multiple audiences with different interests, aptitudes, and reading habits.
Chapter 12. Creating Graphics © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 3
They can catch the reader’s attention and interest.
4
Chapter 12. Creating
Graphics ©
2010 by Bedford/St.
Martin's
Graphics can communicate steps in a process more effectively than words alone.
5
Chapter 12. Creating
Graphics ©
2010 by Bedford/St.
Martin's
An effective graphic :• Should serve a purpose.
• Should be simple and uncluttered.
• Should present a manageable amount
of information.
• Should meet the reader’s format expectations.
• Should be clearly labeled.
Chapter 12. Creating Graphics © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 6
It should be simple and uncluttered.
7
Chapter 12. Creating
Graphics ©
2010 by Bedford/St.
Martin's
Evaluate the effectiveness of the following graphic:
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 8
Begin the axes in your graphs at zero—or mark them clearly.
9
Chapter 12. Creating
Graphics ©
2010 by Bedford/St.
Martin's
How do I integrate a graphic into text?
• Place the graphic in an appropriate location.
• Introduce the graphic in the text.
• Explain the graphic in the text.
• Make the graphic clearly visible.
• Make the graphic accessible.
Chapter 12. Creating Graphics © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 10
Evaluate how the following graphic is integrated:
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 11
And this one? Evaluate.
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 12
Follow these six principles in creating honest graphics: Cite your source and obtain permission. Include all relevant data. Show items as they really are. Do not use color or shading to
misrepresent an item’s importance.
Chapter 12. Creating Graphics © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 13
Daily Show Poll Smoking
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 14
In creating graphics, choose one of the following four approaches:
using existing graphics modifying existing graphics creating graphics on a computer having someone else create the
graphics
Chapter 12. Creating Graphics © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 15
Line drawings can focus the reader’s attention on desired information better than a photograph can.
Line drawings can highlight information that might be obscured by bad lighting or a bad angle in a photograph
Line drawings can be easier for readers to understand than photographs are.
16
Chapter 12.
Creating Graphics
© 2010 by
Bedford/St. Martin's
Line drawings can have three advantages over photographs:
17
Chapter 12.
Creating Graphics
© 2010 by
Bedford/St. Martin's
Line drawings can have a unique advantage over other graphics
18
Chapter 12.
Creating Graphics
© 2010 by
Bedford/St. Martin's
Use these four techniques to show motion:
Use graphics to demonstrate logical relationships. Explain the logical relationship expressed in the following sign:
19
Chapter 12. Creating
Graphics ©
2010 by Bedford/St.
Martin's
Use color effectively Don’t overdo it. Use color to emphasize particular items. Use color to create patterns. Use contrast effectively. Take advantage of any symbolic meanings
colors may already have. Be aware that color can obscure or swallow
up text.
Chapter 12. Creating Graphics © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 20
Use color to establish patterns
Chapter 12. Creating Graphics © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 21
Use color to create effective contrast
The text is hard to read because of insufficient contrast.
Chapter 12. Creating Graphics © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 22
Effective contrast makes the text easier to read.
Choosing Colors
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 23
Begin with the Basics
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 24
Consider Drama
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 25
Select Harmony
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 26
Go for Contrast
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 27
Feeling Warm?
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 28
Turn UP the Heat
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 29
Start Moving
Chapter 9. Writing Coherent Documents © 2010 by Bedford/St. Martin's 30