ruukki rd and rds piles

www.ruukki.com/infra

Ruukki RD® AnD RDs® piLes

DrillED pilE for DEmanDing conDitions

2 Ruukki RD® and RDs® piles

Ruukki is one of the leading suppliers of steel foundation structures in europe. Our main markets are the nordic countries and the Baltic sea region, but thanks to our efficient logistics we are also able to deliver solutions for demanding applications elsewhere in europe. Ruukki is your competent partner. Our solutions are economically competitive and technically first rate. They are based on our comprehensive know-how and responsible mode of operation. To us, partnership with the customer includes commitment to quick and prompt delivery and consultation during the design and executionstages, if necessary.

The RD® pile is a reliable and extremely high quality drilled steel pile manufactured by Ruukki for demanding conditions. The thick-walled steel pipe of

our opErations combinE ExpErtisE in stEEl anD founDation structurEs

the RD pile serves as a casing during drilling and as a load-bearing structure in the installed pile. Drilled piles can be installed through all soil layers to the desired depth, even all the way to to bedrock.

The easy-to-use splicing method developed for small diameter RD piles that meets the highest requirements set for mechanical pile splices is a good way to improve the productivity of piling work and the quality of foundation structures. A large diameter RD pile is the right choice when, besides high requirements for reliability and quality, the pile is also subject to high loads.

Ruukki RD piles offer an extensive selection of pile sizes and steel grades. RDs piles correspond to RD piles but are made of Ruukki’s strong s550J2H steel grade, which

Ruukki RD® and RDs® piles 3

further increases their compressive resistance. The RD pile and RDs pile manufactured by Ruukki are registered trade marks.

Ruukki have Ce marking, based on european Technical Approval (eTA-12/0526), which is the most comprehensive Ce marking to be granted to pile structures made of structural steel. it covers the entire pile structure, manifests the requirements and conformity of the mechanical splices, and establishes that the product has been manufactured specifically for piling. Ruukki is the only steel pile manufacturer whose pile products are Ce marked, inclusive of all the components.

The approval covers the steel pipes of the piles, the steel grades developed for the piles, pile accessories

and engineering work. Ruukki steel piles have received european Technical Approval eTA-12/0526. The approval is based on detailed load tests, especially on splices, continuous quality control during the various phases of production, and traceability of materials. use of Ruukki Ce marked piles in a construction project ensures the durability and performance of foundations. Tested products guarantee problem-free site installation.

When you select a Ruukki turnkey delivery, you will also get all other components, systems and overall solutions for the steel foundations of your project conveniently from a single supplier.


applications of rD® piles

The use of RD® piles in the foundations of different buildings and structures allows reliable execution of pile foundations also on sites with demanding soil or installation conditions and sites requiring piles of high load-bearing capacity and small installations tolerances.

rD® piles are suitable for use in demanding applications when:

• The soil contains obstacles in the soil that are difficult to penetrate such as stones, boulders or old foundation structures.

• The aim is to ensure that piles bear securely on bedrock, as in the case of piles subject to compressive or tensile loads designed to be bear on bedrock.

· The bedrock slants and piles need to be prevented from sliding by drilling them into bedrock.

· The bedrock lies close to ground surface and requires rigid installation of piles by drilling them into bedrock to provide a stable foundation.

· The foundation is subject to high concentrated loads in soil conditions that require a pile foundation, where the use of conventional piles would require a great number of piles and a large footing.

· The foundation is subject to high concentrated loads in frictional soil areas where a conventional ground-supported spread foundation requires a large footing and a lot of earthwork.

the installation method of rD® piles offers considerable advantages when:

· The piling is subject to high precision and quality requirements.

· piling work takes place near existing buildings or structures and there are strict requirements for the environmental impacts of the piling, such as vibration, soil settlement and diplacements.

· piling takes place under restricted access and headroom conditions.


rD and rDs piles for all kinds of construction

RD piles are suitable for construction of detached houses, blocks of flats, and office and industrial buildings. Thanks to their extensive size range, pile foundations can be optimised effectively. The use of RDs piles allows higher loading on the piles and thus reduces the number of piles.

The use of RD piles offers many advantages in the construction of bridges, transport infrastructure and harbours. in piled embankment slab projects with demanding soil conditions, small diameter RD piles ensure, for example, risk-free execution of the piling. The duration of the RD piling work can also be estimated accurately.

RD piles are highly suitable for underpinning of foundations in confined spaces using short pile sections. RD piles spliced using threaded sleeves are very straight after installation and installation tolerances are small, which makes the load-bearing capacity of the RD pile excellent.

RD piles may also be used as energy piles. For more details on the energy piles see Ruukki’s eRR®- and eRD® energy piles brochure.

rD® pile wall

The RD® pile wall is a retaining wall solution based on Ruukki RD® piles for particularly demanding conditions that is installed by drilling. implementing the foundation of the building by the RD pile wall eliminates the need of a special construction-time retaining wall. RD pile wall speeds up the implementation of the foundation and is an economically sound solution. For more information see Ruukki RD pile wall brochure.


small diameter rD® piles

pile pipes and sections

small diameter RD® piles are based on high quality longitudinally welded steel pipes. RD90-RD220 piles are delivered as pipe sections equipped with mechanical splices or as pile pipes without splices. RD270-RD320 piles are delivered as pile pipes.

The standard lengths of the pipe sections are 6 or 12 metres, depending on pile size. The recommended project-specific lengths of pipe sections are 6, 4, 3, 2, 1.5, 1.2 or 1.0 metres. For the sectional properties of the piles, see Ruukki’s design and installation instructions for steel piles.

advantages of threaded sleeves

using threaded sleeves facilitates making reliable splices even in demanding site conditions without welding. it eliminates the need for a qualified welder during installation. Moreover, natural conditions are not a challenge to the implementation of a perfect splice, either. The time needed for splicing is also considerably shorter than with welding. Other advantages of the threaded sleeve are high fatigue strength and tensile strength of the splice.

pile splices

RD and RDs piles come with threaded sleeves that meet the requirements for rigid splices of eurocode 1993-5 Finnish nA and Finnish piling manual pO-2011. Threaded sleeves can be used with pile sizes RD/RDs115 to RD/RDs220 when the thickness of the wall is at least 8mm. piles may also be spliced by welding according to Ruukki’s design and installation instructionss, in which case the piles are delivered with specified bevels.

identification of piles

Ruukki RD piles are identified by markings on the side of the pile. pile bundles are delivered with product descriptions that indicate, besides pile manufacturer and dimensions, the steel grade of the RD piles.

steel grades and standards

steel grades specially manufactured by Ruukki for piling applications are used for RD piles. The steel grade of the RD piles is s440J2H and that of the RDs piles s550J2H. Against special order, the piles may also be delivered in MH steel grades according to standard en10219. The selection of the steel grade affects significantly the structural resistance of the pile. pile diameter or wall thickness may in many cases be reduced or the total number of piles decreased by selecting a higher steel grade.

RD® threaded sleeve RDs® threaded sleeverange

RD/RDs90

RD/RDs115/6.3

RD/RDs115/8

RDs125/6.3

RD/RDs140/8

RD/RDs140/10

RD/RDs170/10

R/RDsD170/12.5

RD/RDs220/10

RD/RDs220/12.5


bearing plates

usually a bearing plate is installed at the top of the RD pile to transfer the loads of the superstructure to the pile. The bearing plate is centred on the pile shaft by an internal sleeve, which serves to keep the bearing plate in place.

installation by light equipment

small diameter RD piles can be installed with considerably lighter equipment than conventional piles of equal compressive strength. This is a major advantage when conditions are difficult for big installation equipment or the installation space is confined. Moreover, the installation of RD piles causes only a little vibration in the environment.

Threadedpile section

Threaded sleeve

Bearing plate

Welded splice (bevelled ends)

Casing shoe/ring bit


large diameter rD® piles

pile pipes

Large diameter RD® piles are based on spirally welded high quality steel pipes. The pile range covers sizes 400 to 1200 mm. The size range of RD piles is shown in Table 2. Large diameter RD piles can also be made in other diameters and customer-specific wall thicknesses specified to within 0.1 mm. For more detailed sectional properties of the piles see Ruukki’s design and installation instructions for steel piles.

steel grades

standard steel grade s355J2H and steel grades s440J2H and s550J2H specially manufactured by Ruukki for piling applications are used for large diameter RD piles. Against special order the piles may also be delivered in MH steel grades according to standard en10219 or X grades according to Api5L.

splicing of piles

up to 39 m long large diameter RD piles without splice welds can be manufactured to order. The longest steel pipe piles with welded splices delivered by Ruukki have been 45 m long. piles cut to size according to the customer’s specification help minimise splice welding on site and bring considerable savings in construction costs and time. if necessary, RD piles can be spliced by welding on site.

identification of piles

Ruukki RD piles are identified by a marking on the side. piles are supplied with product descriptions that indicate, besides pile manufacturer and dimensions, the steel grade of the RD piles.

stock sizes l=12m

RD400/12.5 s440J2H (s355J2H)

RD500/12.5 s440J2H (s355J2H)

RD600/12.5 s355J2H

RD700/12.5 s355J2H

RD800/12.5 s355J2H

pile accessories

Large diameter RD piles can be delivered individually according to the customer’s designs. if necessary, casing shoes delivered or specified by the customer can be welded onto piles. Ruukki does not manufacture the ring and pilot bits used in installation.

The piles of an RD pile wall are equipped with interlocks according to the designer’s specifications. if necessary, RD piles can also be delivered with a protective paint or HDpe 3-layer coating.


Design of rD® piles

RD® piles are dimensioned according to current european (Cen) norms and standards and/or national regulations and guidelines. The extensive range of size steel grades of Ruukki steel pipe piles provide grounds for an overall economic foundation solution.

The piles may be dimensioned either as steel structures or as steel-concrete composite structures. if, in addition to the normal compressive force, the pile is also loaded by bending moment/torque or shear force, it is dimensioned for the combined stresses. The corrosion

Steel grade Carbon equivalent Chemical composition, max. Mechanical properties

Impact strength

CEV max. C Mn P S fy min fu A5 min T*) KV min

[%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [Mpa] [Mpa] [%] [°C] [J]

S355J2H 0.45 0.22 1.6 0.03 0.03 355 470-630 20 -20 27

S440J2H 0.45 0.16 1.6 0.02 0.02 440 490-630 17 -20 27

S550J2H 0.47 0.12 1.9 0.02 0.02 550 605-760 14 -20 27

*) Testing temperature may also be -40 °C. Demanded impact energy remains the same.

Table 1. Technical and chemical properties of standard steels of RD® piles.

of steel piles is usually considered by subtracting the corrosion allowance corresponding to the design life of the structure from the wall thickness of the cross section.

The bearing capacity of RD piles is usually determined by the resistance of the structure, because the geotechnical resistance of a pile bearing on nordic hard bedrock is higher than the bearing capacity of the structure. Geotechnical resistanceis ensured by drilling the RD pile a distance equalling 3 times the pile diameter, but no less than 0.5 m into solid rock. The end driving during installation ensures good contact between the pile and the rock and high geotechnical resistance after installation.


Pila Diameter Wall thickness [mm]

[mm] 6.3 8 10 12.5 14.2 16 18 20

RD90 88.9

RD115 114.3

RDs125 127.0

RD140 139.7

RD170 168.3

RD220 219.1

RD270 273.0

RD320 323.9

RD400 406.4

RD450 457.0

RD500 508.0

RD550 559.0

RD600 610.0

RD650 660.0

RD700 711.0

RD750 762.0

RD800 813.0

RD900 914.0

RD1000 1016.0

RD1200 1220.0

steel grade s550J2H

steel grades s440J2H and s550J2H

steel grades s440J2H, s550J2H and s355J2H

steel grades s440J2H and s355J2H

Table 2. Pile sizes and steel grades.


rD® piles benefit the environment

Ruukki’s steel production releases 250,000 tonnes less carbon dioxide annually than the average european steel maker producing the same amount of steel.

The share of recycled steel in steel production is up to 30%.

A large portion of the raw materials used in steel making are produced near Finland. The journey of a steel pile from raw material to final product does not involve long distances.

1 Ruukki’s work on the responsibility has received recognitions worldwide. For more information, please visit: http://www.ruukki.com/Corporate-responsibility

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Ruukki is a pioneer in the development of high steel grades. The development aims at ever higher efficiency of steel structures and higher steel capacity utilisation.

The steel grade used for RDs piles specially designed for piling allows saving up to 25 to 40% of the material needed for piling compared to conventional steel grades.

The entire delivery chain of Ruukki steel piles from raw material to final product is carefully managed and controlled. An environmental declaration conforming to the requirements of standards isO 14020 and isO 14040 has been prepared for the steel piles. The customer be 100% sure of its accuracy.

The swedish Byggvarubedömningen recommends Ruukki steel piles in its classification of environmentally friendly building materials and products.

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steel is the most recycled material in the world. A final product made of steel is 100% recyclable.

The RD pile wall is a new innovative way to implement foundations of

buildings with a basement or other watertight structures quickly and

cost-effectively. it reduces the work phases required by conventional

construction, the amount of energy consumed and disturbance to the

environment.

The threaded sleeves used for splices in Ruukki piles speed up pile splicing considerably. The

productivity of the work increases and less inconvenience is caused to people living

and working in the vicinity of the site.

All mechanical splices of Ruukki piles are designed so that the entire cross-

sectional capacity can be fully used in the dimensioning of the pile. Ruukki splices have been tested

and are functionally reliable.

RD piles can also be installed by light equipment, the installation causes only little

vibration, and replacement piles do not displace soil. RD piles can easily also be used as energy piles.

in the energy pile solution, geothermal heat collecting pipes are inserted in the pile, whereby the pile functions

as part of the building’s heating and cooling system. energy piles provide considerable added value to the steel

pile foundations and improve the environmental efficiency of steel piles even further.

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steel is a very durable material in relation to its weight. The transportation and handling of RD piles requires considerably less energy than other

foundation and ground improvement solutions.

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installation

RD® piles are installed according to Ruukki’s steel pile design and installation manual and / or national instructions, such as pO-2011 in Finland. RD piles allow utilisation of versatile installation equipment with a view to the requirements and conditions on site. When selecting installation equipment for drilled RD piles, it must be ensured that the piles can be installed to the design depth into solid bedrock through soil layers and possible obstacles and that the environmental impacts of drilling remain as small as possible.

The drilling equipment used in the installation of RD piles are based either on a top hammer or a DTH hammer. Top hammer drilling equipment can generally be used for drilling piles up to diameter RD220. The maximum pile length with top hammer equipment is usually about 30 metres. DTH hammer equipment can drill piles up to diameter RD1200. pile length does not have a big impact on drilling capacity and speed of installation.

DTH hammer equipment has been used to install piles up to 70 metres long. DTH hammer equipment are usually driven by compressed air but it is also possible to use water-driven units. During installation, soil is driven up the casing usually by compressed air. in particularly sensitive conditions, the use of water instead of compressed air may be considered.

RD piles are drilled either by a centric or eccentric drilling method, and the tip of the pile is equipped with the ring bit and/or casing shoe required by the drilling method. The ring bit and/or casing shoe will remain part of the pile’s load-bearing structure, so they must be able to withstand the stresses on them. There are special bits for different applications and conditions.

With threaded sleeves it is recommendable to use drill bits designed especially for use with Ruukki threaded sleeves. For more information on recommended drill bits see Ruukki’s design and installation instructions for steel piles.


For more information on Ruukki steel pile products see Ruukki’s web pages.

Ruukki’s dimensioning software and the Tekla components for piles and pile foundations

can be downloaded from software.ruukki.com.

The manufacture of RD piles and accessories is based on modern automated production technology that ensures the high quality of the products.

The technical delivery conditions of the piles conform to standard sFs-en 10219-1. Dimensions and tolerances are according to standard sFs-en 10219-2. A material certificate of type 2.2 or 3.1 specified in sFs-en 10204 is supplied with the pile material.

manufacture, quality control and delivery terms of products

Ruukki’s operations conform to the procedures defined in isO 9001:2008 Quality Management systems and isO 14001:2004 environmental Management systems. The quality systems ensure that the process runs smoothly from the procurement of raw materials to the delivery of the final product to the customer. Ruukki RD piles are made of high-quality steel from the Raahe Works.

Ruukki Construction Oy, Harvialantie 420, 13300 Hämeenlinna, FinlandTel. +358 20 5911, Fax +358 20 592 5656, www.ruukki.com

Copyright © 2014 Rautaruukki Corporation. All rights reserved. Ruukki, Rautaruukki, Living. Working. Moving.

and Ruukki’s product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Rautaruukki Corporation

Energy-efficient steel solutions for better living, working and moving.

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ruukki rd and rds piles

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