rv 2014: rail~volution 101 by gb arrington
DESCRIPTION
Rail~Volution 101 AICP CM 2 What have we learned during Rail~Volution’s first twenty years? How can we make a place better? What are the fundamental principles of building livable communities with transit? What have we learned across disciplines in the public, private, nonprofit and philanthropic sectors? How can transit-oriented design be a catalyst for positive solutions, as well as meeting energy and environmental challenges? How do green design, reduced trips and energy usage, and a smaller carbon footprint come into play? How can we promote long-term sustainable economic growth in our neighborhoods? Hear the voices of experience from Rail~Volution’s first two decades. Participate in an in-depth discussion on where we’ve been and where we go from here. What’s changed? What’s happening? What’s ahead? Moderator: Tim Baldwin, Principal, Rocky Mountain West Transit & Urban Planning; Associate, Steer Davies Gleave, Denver, Colorado Dan Bartholomay, Chief Executive Officer, Rail~Volution, Minneapolis, Minnesota Shelley Poticha, Director, Urban Solutions, Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, DC Scot Spencer, Associate Director for Advocacy and Influence, Annie E Casey Foundation, Baltimore, Maryland Peter McLaughlin, County Commissioner, Hennepin County, Minneapolis, Minnesota Earl Blumenauer, 3rd District, Oregon, United States Congress, Washington, DC GB Arrington, Principal, GB Place Making, Portland, OregonTRANSCRIPT
MAKING PLACE BETTER Reflec%ons:
Rail~Volu%on @20
[email protected] ar r ington .gb@gmai l .com gbp lacemak ing .com
OVERVIEW
§ 20 years § Beyond myths § Tomorrows stations § TOD principals § Creating value § TOD market § Case studies § Conclusions
Topics
LOOKING BACK QUICKLY
What’s changed fromRail~Volution 1 to Rail~Volution 20
Circa 1980 Portland LRT & Transit Station Area Planning renderings "
LOOKING BACK QUICKLY
What’s changed TOD cartoons to 1,000’s of built TOD projects
Portland Cartoon " Portland, Dallas, Cleveland Washington DC, San Francisco, Minneapolis TODs "
LOOKING BACK QUICKLY
What’s changed Export Portland TOD to a na%onal movement
Minneapolis, Phoenix, Charlotte, Boston, Seattle, Miami "
VP Gore, Rail~Volution 1998 Orenco Station "
LOOKING BACK QUICKLY
What’s changed Educa%on & advocacy to a growing lifestyle
West Baltimore, Denver, Chicago, California, Brisbane AU "
My home,Portland Urban Infill TOD"
LOOKING BACK QUICKLY
What’s changed Planning is sufficient to an implementa%on focus
Garland, TX"Miami "
LOOKING BACK QUICKLY
What’s changed Any TOD is ok to equitable + sustainable + jobs TOD
Affordable TOD 10th & Osage Denver "
Arlington VA, San Jose, Vancouver BC "
LOOKING BACK QUICKLY
What’s changed Transit a “good” to transit designed for development
Seattle Streetcar "60th & I-84 Portland "
LOOKING BACK QUICKLY
What’s changed A residen%al project to a mixed use district
Pearl District, Portland "Del Mar, Pasadena "
LOOKING BACK QUICKLY
What’s changed Limited TOD examples to a market preference
SW Waterfront, Portland "Mockingbird Station, Dallas "
Development next to transit is TOD
TOD MYTHS
TOD or TAD?
§ Majority of development at US transit stations are not TODs
§ TOD is still illegal in at most US transit stops
§ Not enough to be next to transit, must be shaped by transit
LRT Station"
Transit-Oriented Development Transit Adjacent Development Cisco Systems TAD
San Jose, CA"
Street Car TOD Portland, OR"
SHAPED BY TRANSIT
§ Greater density § Less parking § Better public realm § Mix of uses § Very walkable § Tame the car
San Diego, Portland, San Francisco, Washington, DC, Denver San Francisco, Dallas"
LRT Station
ORENCO STATION
§ Safe streets § Strong center § Local services § Parks & open space § Housing choices § Good jobs
a great neighborhood for a successful TOD ~ The fundamentals
Hillsboro, OR"
geSng the planning right is sufficient
TOD MYTHS
KEYS TO TOD SUCCESS: IMPLEMENTATION FOCUS § Planning based in development reality
§ Apply the power of partnerships
§ Market driven, not transit driven TOD
§ Designed for the pedestrian
41st & Fox Commuter Rail Station Denver "
VISION FOR WHAT YOU WANT
Overlake Transit Village, Redmond, WA"
CLEAR PATH & ROLES TO GET THERE
Overlake Transit Village, Implementation Plan, Redmond, WA"
This is a great TOD project
TOD MYTHS
Active defined center
§ Series of projects "§ 18 hours of activity "§ Quality public realm /
sense of place "§ Employment closest to transit"§ Compact & dense "
PRINCIPLES FOR TOD a successful
TOD: A DISTRICT NOT A PROJECT
T!
Orenco StationA District
The RoundA Project
T!
§ Mission Bay redevelopment
§ University Campus § High Density Housing § Mixed-use § Station at
SF Giants ball park
MISSION BAYSAN FRANCISCO
Transit enables TOD
TOD MYTHS
LINK TO A BROADER STRATEGY
State Center TOD Strategy, Baltimore MD"
§ More than transit § Part of community’s
vision for growth § Building partnerships
essential § Basis to gain greater broader
support & success
TOD: a “means to an end” to achieving community objectives
City shaping with transit requiresa new approach to transit.
21ST CENTURY STATIONS
Quality designMake transit workCreate a placeConnect to the community
Navy Yard StationWashington, DC
Transit riders: the market for TOD
TOD MYTHS
UNDERSTANDING YOUR MARKET
§ Emerging Trends in Real Estate ‘10: – "The future is about
green development, infill, & TOD" § Majority of TOD residents
are childless – Empty-nesters &
young urban professionals § TOD households tend
to be higher income – Reflects newer construction
Portland TOD Condo"
MILLENNIALS WANT URBAN
§ 88% of Gen Y want to be in an urban setting § 1/3rd willing to pay for the ability to walk § Huge market: 80m Gen Y v 76m Boomers
2011 National Association of Home Builders:
WHAT TOD RESIDENTS WANT
From Transit Community Resident Surveys:
§ Well designed communities § Easy access to a center § High quality residence § Quality transit service § Pedestrian Friendly § Good price value
The Merrick"
Orenco Town Center"
“The ability to walk to a pint of milk”
TOD needs less parking
TOD MYTHS
Limited, managed parking § Always a challenging issue § Consider: size, loca%on,
design & management § No minimum ra%os, maximums § Disconnect parking from buildings,
manage by district § Park ‘for sale’ nearly conven%onally
PRINCIPLES FOR TOD a successful
10 Trips "
6.67 Trips "
3.55 Trips "
Single Family"
Multifamily "Multifamily TOD "
TODS BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY
T O D h o u s i n g g e n e r a t e s 5 0 % l e s s a u t o t r a ffi c t h a n c o n v e n t i o n a l h o u s i n g
Dai
ly V
ehic
le T
rips "
TODS CREATE LESS TRAFFIC TOD residents are:
§ Twice as likely not to own a car as US Households
§ 5 times more likely to commute by transit than others in region
Self-selection: § Responsible for up to 40%
of TOD ridership bonus
Rio Vista, San Diego"
Columbia City, Seattle"
½ mile is the TOD walkshed
TOD MYTHS
Compact pedestrian-oriented § Block sizes for 5-minute walk"
• Max of 400 ft block face"§ Orient buildings to sidewalks "§ Calm streets "§ Active street edges with wider
sidewalks "§ Retail & office closet to transit"
PRINCIPLES FOR TOD a successful
DISTANCE, USE & MODE SHARE
WMATA Survey – transit share decreases with distance § First 600 ft really matters § Office mode share drops about 1% every 100 ft § ½ mile residential share 200% higher than office
Lesson: put office & retail closest to station "
Density makes TOD viable
TOD MYTHS
Medium to higher density § Greater than community average"§ Distance to transit matters"§ To support transit on average:"
– 6 to 7 du/ac for frequent bus"– 9 to 25 du/ac for rapid transit"
§ Minimum density effective tool "
PRINCIPLES FOR TOD a successful
TRANSIT ALONE DOES NOT CREATE VALUE Value results from: § Overall development market § Land available for development § Supportive plans & policies § Designing transit for value
West Corridor, Denver"New Lynn Station, Auckland, NZ"
TRANSIT RENT PREMIUM
Locations within ½ mile of transit command much higher rents § Washington D.C.
+28% rent premium § Northern Virginia &
Montgomery Co + 40% rent premium
CoStar Group 2011
Navy Yard & Waterfront Metro Stops
RAIL DEVELOPMENT PREMIUM TriMet Blue Line study – Hillsboro to Gresham § Found a 36% premium
over & above what could otherwise be expected without LRT – Blue Line LRT:
36% increased rate of & density of development
Blue Line TOD"
TODs maximize mixed use
TOD MYTHS
Mix of uses § Planners require it too often "§ Vertical or Horizontal"§ Most difficult TOD element"§ Great TOD benefits"
– More walking + ridership"– Reduced auto-use"
§ Prohibit auto-oriented uses closest to transit "
PRINCIPLES FOR TOD a successful
PEARL DISTRICT PORTLAND
Mixed-Use TOD Public & private partnership
– Housing – Infrastructure – Parks
§ Since1997 – $1B+ Devlp – 3,000+ units
§ Tight parking § 22% affordable
We need rail before we do TOD
TOD MYTHS
DON’T NEED TO WAIT FOR TRANSIT
§ Transit-Oriented
§ Pedestrian-Oriented
§ Development-Oriented
""
T O D P O D D O T
Same planning & development fundamentals apply
These ideas won’t work here
TOD MYTHS
FIRM BASE TO DRAW ON
§ Market preference for urban housing
§ Lot’s of experience to draw from
§ Demographics trends are favorable
§ Federal policy support
Blue Line, Twin Cities"
COMMUNITY BUILDING + PEOPLE MOVING
§ Trends are on your side § Plan for the pedestrian § Leverage the power of partnerships § Raise your aspirations § Make TOD legal & easy § Develop a strategy equal to the task
Melbourne AU, Seattle, Portland"
ar r ington .gb@gmai l .com gbp lacemak ing .com 971-282-5118
THANK YOU