sanga gema galgani y su ángel custodio

8/3/2019 Sanga Gema Galgani y su ngel custodio

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X) INMJ XMA C)A)_)

\AIVA NMEA NAJNAIBR

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Ibdbj Co|vavX) Bnialbc _mbiarm|

Wblarbc Xrcwbilbaj fmj XmrAn}|vbic _mlcjmvc

Bexrbeav}rEci|) Kc| Laremjc Earvim{Cob|xc fm Lakaearla $Xmr"


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IFBLM NMIM_AJ

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FBWM_\C\ \M_WBLBC\))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))68

AICVALBCIM\)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))6%1728" fblm; Vmia ja fbldafm nc{ar grml}mivmemivm fm ja xrm|milba fm eb inmj l}|vcfbc fm |mrvaeobi grml}mivmemivm rmxrmifbfa xcr j Ic xcfa vcjmrar ja emicrbiecfm|vba c gajva fm rm|xmvc mi ja xrm|milba fm eb \mcr |alraemivafc*aivm mj l}aj jc wma xc|vrafc mi mj |}mjc q}mra q}m c dblbm|m jc eb|ec1)

Ja omava Aia Lavajbia Meemrbl` $1>>6%14?6" agbrea; Eb inmj em

alcexaa lci grml}milba0 }ia| wmlm|* wa fmjaivm fm e0 cvra|* a eb jafc)\bmexrm m|v mi |bjmilbc c rmxc|afc alcexaa |}| ormwm| rm|x}m|va|lci ajni ecwbebmivc fm ja eaic c lci ajn}ia biljbialbi fm laom{a) M|orbjjaivm vrai|xarmivm) A wmlm|* |mwmrc c aeaojm) Daojc lcigbafaemivmlci j em fa bi|vr}llbcim|) A |} jafc |bmivc }ia ajmnra lmjm|vbaj?)

\aiva Ga}|vbia @c~aj|`a $128=%122* x) >=)< Fbarbc* Xarvm B* ?8?)6 Emecrba| obcnrgbla| BB* lax TTWBBB* xx) ?86%?8>)

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9/46

mj inmj em vrakc a Km|| $mi lce}ibi" xcr ja eaaia0 mj inmj |}c mj inmj fm ja Eafrm Xrbcra vraai lafa }ic }ia wmja aj}eoraifc aKm||=) Mi jc| fa| fm L}arm|ea eb dmreaic eacr em fa fc| xjvbla|)Xcr ja eaaia* a ja dcra mi q}m |m x}mfm* em daoja fmj aecr a Km||

M}larb|va) Xcr ja varfm c xcr ja icldm* fm ja Xa|bi

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)Mj xafrm Xc fm Xbmvrmjlbia $144>%1274" vaeobi vmia e}ldafmwclbi a |} inmj l}|vcfbc) F}raivm ja xrbemra n}mrra e}ifbaj m|vaoa fm|cjfafc }i fa* aj q}mrmr br a |} x}mojc fm Xbmvrmjlbia* vce mj a}vco|*xmrc ic vmia |}gblbmivm fbimrc) Lcigb mi ja xrcwbfmilba* xmi|aifc mifb|l}jxar|m) Xmrc |}ob lci j }i mtvrac xmr|ciakm* mjmnaivmemivmwm|vbfc lci }ia eajmva i}mwa q}m |m |miv a |} jafc) L}aifc mjlcorafcr |m almrlaoa xbfbmifc jc| objjmvm|* mj xafrm Xc m|vaoa

xrmcl}xafc* xmrc mj lcorafcr jm fbkc; Ajn}bmi* a xan xcr }|vmf) Ebraj xmr|ciakm wmlbic* xmrc ic fbkc iafa Aj jjmnar a |} x}mojc* |m oak fmja}vco| ebr aj lcexamrc xara |aj}farjc* xmrc a ic m|vaoa) M|vm|}lm|c jc lcivaoa e}lda| wmlm| a |}| dmreaic|* lcec faifc a mivmifmrq}m Fbc| jm daoa |clcrrbfc xcr emfbc fm |} inmj>)

E}ldc| cvrc| la|c| xcfraec| lcivar q}m dmec| m|lrbvc mi cvrc|jborc| aivmrbcrm|* xmrc wmaec| adcra ja wbfa fm |aiva Nmea Najnaib |}rmjalbi lci |} inmj l}|vcfbc)

= Aaxm M}nmibc* \cr Eibla fm Km|| mj xafrm Laivmra* Mf) A}n}|vbi}|*Eafrbf* 1247* x) 14=)

7 bo) x) 171)> Xarmivm Ajm||bc* Eaifaeb bj v}c ainmjc l}|vcfm* Mf) X) Xc fm Xbmvrmjlbia* |ai

Nbcwaiib _cvcifc* 1222* xx) 2


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BIGAILBA FM NMEA

Nmea ialb mj 1? fm ear{c fm 14>4 mi Laebnjbaic $Vc|laiaBvajba")G}m ja q}biva fm cldc dmreaic|) Ja oa}vb{arci aj fa |bn}bmivm fm |}ialbebmivc jm x}|bmrci xcr iceorm Nmea Eara D}eomrva Xa) \} xafrm*Mirbq}m Najnaib* mra q}eblc gareal}vblc |} eafrm* A}rmjba Jaifb* |mfmfblaoa a ja| jaocrm| fmj dcnar) M|vaoa e} migmrea fm v}omrl}jc|b|)

Nmea rmlbob ja lcigbrealbi mj ?7 fm eac fm 144= a jc| |bmvm ac|)

M|m fa Fbc| jm daoj lci ljarbfaf mi |} lcra{i) Fmljara mi |}A}vcobcnraga;M|l}ld ja eb|a jc emkcr q}m x}fm* rm{aifc xcr eae) Fmrmxmivm* }ia wc{ em fbkc aj lcra{i; Q}bmrm| farem a ja eae3) \*rm|xcif* xmrc |b em jjmwa| vaeobi a e) Ic* rm|xcifb ja wc{* faem fmo}mia naia a v} eae) V fmom| q}mfar xcr adcra lci v} xax) Vm jajjmwar aj lbmjc* |aom|3) V}wm q}m rm|xcifmr q}m |4)

Fc| em|m| fm|x}|* |} xafrm* vmebmifc q}m |m lcivanbara e}rbmraaivm| q}m |} eafrm* ja jjmw a la|a fm |} va Mjmia Jaifb) M|vaifc ajj*

e}rb |} eafrm mj 1> fm |mvbmeorm fm 1447* a jc| * a jc| 2 ac|)Agbrea; Jc q}m xa| mivrm e Km|| mi aq}mjjc| ecemivc| ic |aoramtxrm|arjc) Km|| |m db{c |mivbr mi eb ajea fm }ia eaimra e} g}mrvm)Lcexrmif mivcilm| q}m ja| fmjblba| fmj lbmjc ic |ci lcec ja| fm ja

vbmrra) Em |miv arrmoavafa xcr mj fm|mc fm ic bivmrr}exbr kae| aq}mjja}ibi lci eb Fbc|) Em |miva lafa wm{ e| axarvafa fmj e}ifc e|fb|x}m|va xara mj rmlcnbebmivc) G}m mi m|a eaaia q}m Km|| em fbc mjnrai fm|mc fm |mr rmjbnbc|a18)

A xarvbr fm 1444* |cr K}jba \m|vbib* q}m mra |} eam|vra fm rmjbnbi* jmbil}jl nraifm| fm|mc| fm crar |mr |aiva) Lbmrvc fa* |cr K}jba mld a|}mrvm| mivrm |}| aj}eia| a q}bi jm vclaoa |mr |aiva) Jm vcl a Nmea* q}m

4 A}vcobcnraga* Mf) Xc|v}ja{bcim fmb Xafrb Xa||bcib|vb* 122>* x) ??6)2 Icwa Xc|bvbc |}xmr wbrv}vbo}|* _cea* 12?4* \}earbc* x) >


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|ajv fm kobjc* nrbvaifc; \* |mr |aiva) A xarvbr fm m|m fa* |} kal}javcrbagawcrbva g}m; Wbrnmi |aiv|bea* dalmfem |aiva)

\mni |} fbrmlvcr m|xbrbv}aj* |} vmicr fm wbfa mra* xclc e| c emic|*a|; Jmwaivar|m vmexraic xcr ja eaaia* rm{ar |}| alc|v}eorafa|

cralbcim|* j}mnc br a eb|a lce}jnar) Lafa fa* |} xrmfbjmlva wb|bva aj\aiv|bec |alraemivc) Xcr ja varfm* ja emfbvalbi lci cvra| xrlvbla| fmxbmfaf mj |aivc rc|arbc fm rcfbjja| R Fbc| |m jm lce}iblaoa lci|}awm| axmrv}ra| fm aecr lci wbwa| bj}|vralbcim| mi mj ajea c ljara|j}lm|* lcec mjja alc|v}eoraoa a jjaearja|11)

Fm 1442 a 142< a|b|vm aj lcjmnbc fbrbnbfc xcr ja| dmreaia| [bvbia|*Bi|vbv}vc g}ifafc xcr ja omava Mjmia N}mrra) Xcr ecvbwc| fm |aj}f* v}wcq}m fmkar mj lcjmnbc aivm| fm vmrebiar |}| m|v}fbc|) Mi 1426* e}mrm |}

dmreaic Nbic* q}m mra |mebiarb|va aj q}m m|vaoa e} }ibfa) M|vm eb|ecac* mi }i Lcil}r|c lavmq}|vblc* mivrm vcfa| ja| xarrcq}ba| fm J}la*lci|bn}m ja emfajja fm crc lci }i xrmebc fm 188 jbra|) Xara m|va cla|bi*|}| va| ja wb|vbmrci lci mjmnailba* a q}m boa a rmlbobr mj xrmebc fm eaic|fmj |mcr ar{cob|xc mi mj xajalbc ar{cob|xaj)

\corm m|vc mjja fblm; Em rmnajarci }i rmjck lci lafmia fm crc) Rc*waibfc|a lcec mra* ic wma mj ecemivc fm j}lbrjc* |ajbmifc g}mra lci j)\aj mi mgmlvc) Aj wcjwmr m br a fm|i}farem* wb a }i inmj $q}m adcra |

q}m mra mj ec" mj l}aj e} |mrbc em fbkc; _ml}mrfa q}m jc| xrmlbc|c|afcric| q}m dai fm dmrec|mar a }ia m|xc|a fm }i rm lr}lbgblafc icx}mfmi |mr cvrc| q}m ja| m|xbia| ja lr}{1?)

M|va m| ja xrbemra wm{ mi q}m axarmlm mi |} wbfa ja xrm|milba fminmj* q}m |mr |bmexrm |} eam|vrc n}a) Mi ja Iawbfaf fm 1427* lcixmreb|c fmj lcigm|cr* db{c mj wcvc fm la|vbfaf) Agbrea; _ml}mrfc q}mKm|| jc anrafmlb vaivc q}m xcr | eb|ec* fm|x}| fm lce}jnar* em fbkcq}m anrmna|m a j mj cgrmlbebmivc fm e eb|ea* fm eb| |mivbebmivc| ja

almxvalbi fmj q}mrmr fbwbic) Jc dblm lci vaiva ajmnra q}m xa| }iaicldm fm lbmjc1


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E]M_VM FM \] XAF_M

Mj ac 142> g}m }i ac e} fcjcrc|c xara vcfa ja gaebjba* x}m| |}xafrm m|vaoa nrawmemivm migmrec q}mfarci |bi rml}r|c| mlcieblc|)

Fblm; Lcexrmif }ia eaaia ja nraifm{a fmj |alrbgblbc q}m xrcivcq}mra Km||) Jjcr e}ldc* xmrc Km||* q}m mi aq}mjjc| ecemivc| fmfcjcr |m fmkaoa |mivbr g}mrvmemivm mi eb ajea* aj wmr a eb xax vairm|bniafc a ecrbr* em fbc }ia g}mr{a vai nraifm q}m |cxcrv ja micremfm|nralba lci oa|vaivm vraiq}bjbfaf) Mj fa q}m e}rb* em xrcdbob$Km||" xmrfmrjc mi waic| jaemivc| jjcrc|* jc xa| rm{aifc rm|bniafalci mj q}mrmr fm Fbc| q}m* fm|fm aq}mj ecemivc* boa a dalmr lciebnc ja|wmlm| fm xafrm lmjm|vbaj vmrrmic16)

\} xafrm e}rb fm lilmr a ja narnaiva a jc| => ac|) Jc| alrmmfcrm|*lci a}fa fm ja xcjbla* xrclmfbmrci a lmrrar ja garealba a meoarnar jc| xclc| obmim| e}mojm| q}m mi ja la|a daoa* fm ecfc q}m q}mfarcixrlvblaemivm mi ja lajjm) R |} va Larcjbia Najnaib |m ja jjmw warbc|em|m| a |} la|a mi Laeabcrm)

Ajj dala ajn}ic| vraoakc|* avmifbmifc mi mj oa{ar q}m vmiai jc| vc|*faifc lavmq}m|b| a jc| ibc| dalbmifc vraoakc| fce|vblc|) Xmrcm|xbrbv}ajemivm |m fm|l}bf }i xclc) Fmljara; Cvra |corbia q}m ja va

vmia lci|bnc |m db{c aebna ea lci mjja aifaoa fm xmrgmlvc al}mrfc mija| xbjjmra|) Ja va ic| fmkaoa |ajbr e} a emi}fc |cja| obmi em fcl}miva fm q}m* |b Km|| ic d}obmra }|afc lciebnc fm vaiva eb|mrblcrfba*daora lafc mi xmlafc| nrawm|) Mj aecr fmj e}ifc lcemi{ xclc a xclca axcfmrar|m fm eb lcra{i* xmrc Km|| wbic fm i}mwc mi eb a}fa) Fmrmxmivm* lcemil a aifar milcrwafa a |mivbr nraifm| fcjcrm| rmiajm| Daoa dmldc xmlafc| fm vcfa| lja|m|* da|va xmi|aebmivc| bex}rc|xa|aoai xcr eb emivm* daoa m|l}ldafc eaja| lciwmr|albcim| mi j}nar fm

d}brja| fmla emivbra| a ja va xara ic fm|l}orbr a eb lcexamra1=)Ajj mi Laeabcrm v}wc jc| xrmvmifbmivm| q}m jc| rmlda{* xcrq}m

vcfawa ic q}mra cvrc m|xc|c q}m Km||) R i}ila em cjwbfaoa fm rm{arlafa fa vrm| awmeara| lci ja| eaic| oakc ja| rcfbjja| $lc|a q}m emdaoa mi|mafc eb eae" a gbi fm q}m Km|| em jbora|m |bmexrm fm jc|xmlafc| lcivra ja |aiva x}rm{a17)

16 A}vcobcnraga* x) ?


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N_AWM MIGM_EMFAF R L]_ALBI

Jc| fcjcrm| rmiajm| |m bivmi|bgblarci v}wc q}m wcjwmr lci |}|dmreaic| a J}la) Ra xcr mivcilm| mj inmj ja l}bfaoa avmifa lci

larbc) Fblm; ]ia varfm m|vaoa e| fb|n}|vafa q}m fm crfbiarbc) Emjaemivaoa lci Km||* fblbifcjm q}m ic rm{ara |b ic em l}raoa) R jmxrmn}ivaoa xcr q} em vmia a|) Mj inmj em rm|xcifb; \b Km|| vmagjbnm mj l}mrxc* jc dalm xara x}rbgblarvm lafa wm{ e| mi mj m|xrbv})Xrcl}ra |mr o}mia) L}iva| wmlm| f}raivm eb migmremfaf em dala|mivbr aj lcra{i xajaora| fm lci|}mjc!1>

\}| gaebjbarm| dalai vrbf}c| icwmia| xcr |} l}ralbi) ]ia |mcrajm xrm|v }i jborc |corm ja wbfa fmj |aivc xa|bcib|va Naorbmj fm ja Fcjcrc|a)

]i fa mi q}m |m |miva vmivafa xcr mj fbaojc* jc biwcl * fm|fm m|m fa*mexm{ a vmimrjm fmwclbi a |mivbrjc e} lmrla) Fmljara; Mi ja icldm*mi |}mc|* |m em axarmlb wm|vbfc fm ojailc j |m fbc l}miva fm q}m icjc daoa lciclbfc) \m q}bv ja wm|vbf}ra ojaila |m em fmk wmr wm|vbfc fmxa|bcib|va) Mi|mn}bfa jc rmlcicl) Q}mf mi |bjmilbc mi |} xrm|milbaEm fbkc; Em q}bmrm|3) Ic jm rm|xcif) Em alarblb warba| wmlm| rmxbvb; Xrcl}ra |mr o}mia wcjwmr a wmrvm) Em fbc a om|ar |} dobvc mj rc|arbc |m g}m Ic wcjwb |bic fm|x}| fm warbc| em|m| Wbic

Eci|mcr a lcigm|arem* em fbc jblmilba $xara dalmr mj wcvc fm wbrnbibfaf" jc dblbec| xmrxmv}c m|a eb|ea varfm) Mj$lcigm|cr" jc rmicw c jcdblm xcr xrbemra jvbea wm{) Q} nralba| vai nraifm| a ja| q}m c icdm |aobfc lcrrm|xcifmr!

Aq}mjja varfm* fb|gr}vaoa fm }ia xa{ lcexjmva) Xcr ja icldm emfcre) Fm rmxmivm* wmc a eb| xbm| a eb xrcvmlvcr) Em fbkc; Nmea* da{ mio}mia dcra mj wcvc fm |mr rmjbnbc|a* xmrc ic aafa| e|) R emrm|xcifb* dalbifcem }ia larblba |corm ja grmivm; Dmreaia ea* fbkc *

aj eb|ec vbmexc* |m |cirb em ebr) Ic mivmifa iafa fm m|vc xarafarjm nralba| jm om| mj dobvc) \m q}bv ja bi|bniba $q}m jc| xa|bcib|va|jjmwai |corm mj xmldc" em ja fbc a om|ar em ja x}|c |corm mj xmldcmilbea fm ja |oaia* rmxbvbifcem fm i}mwc; Dmreaia ea* fm|axarmlb14)

Naorbmj fm ja Fcjcrc|a ja jjaea dmreaia ea* xcrq}m mi jc| xjaim|fm Fbc| m|vaoa q}m g}mra rmjbnbc|a xa|bcib|va ic fm cvra Lcinrmnalbi)

1> A}vcobcnraga* x) ?6


14/46

Mjja daoa dmldc a mj wcvc fm la|vbfaf* fm al}mrfc a |} m|vafc* xmrc aq}dalm mivrmna vcvaj fm |} l}mrxc lci mj wcvc fm wbrnbibfaf xara |bmexrm)

\bi meoarnc* |mn}a migmrea e} nrawm) Mj dmreaic Naorbmj wmiawarba| wmlm| a wb|bvarja lci|cjarja rm{aoa lci mjja aj Lcra{i fm Km||

a |aiva Earnarbva Eara fm Ajalcq}m xcr |} l}ralbi) Aj gbiaj fm jaicwmia* fblm; E} vmexraic lce}jn}) Q} ecemivc| vai gmjblm| xa|lci Km||! Em rmxmva; Nmea* q}bmrm| l}rar3) Ja meclbi mra vainraifm q}m ic xcfa lcivm|var) Xcorm Km||! Ja nralba daoa |bfc dmlda*m|vaoa l}rafa) Dbka ea* em fmla Km||* aora{ifcem* c em fc vcfca vb) R v ic q}mrr| |mr vcfa ea312)

Mra mj < fm ear{c fm 1422) M|m eb|ec fa Km|| jm fbkc; Dbka ea* aja nralba q}m vm dm lcilmfbfc m|va eaaia* |mn}bri cvra| e}ldc

eacrm|?8

) Mjja eaibgbm|va;Daoa xrcemvbfc a Km|| q}m* |b l}raoa* vcfc|jc| k}mwm| bifmgmlvbojmemivm dara ja Dcra |aiva) Mj K}mwm| \aivc xcr javarfm lcemil a dalmr ja Dcra |aiva) Mra ja xrbemra wm{ q}m ja dalajmwaivafa Xa| ja dcra mivmra* rm{aifc jjcraifc Xclc fm|x}|* em|miv rmlcnbfa Em milcivr fmjaivm fm Km|| lr}lbgblafc mi m|m eb|ececemivc) Fmrraeaoa |ainrm xcr vcfa| xarvm| Dbka ea* em fbkc* m|va|jjana| ja| daoa| aobmrvc v lci v}| xmlafc|* xmrc adcra* ajnravm* xcrq}mvcfa| ja| da| lmrrafc lci v} fcjcr) Ic em cgmifa| e|) eaem lcec c

|bmexrm vm dm aeafc) eaem* em rmxbvb e}lda| wmlm| Fm|fm mivcilm|*lcemil a vmimr dcrrcr nraif|bec aj xmlafc $ja nralba e| nraifm q}mem da dmldc Km||"?1)

Xclc a xclc* Km|| jm db{c |mivbr fm|mc| fm |}grbr xara lci|cjarjc fmvaiva| cgmi|a| q}m rmlboa fm jc| xmlafcrm| mjja jm xbfb q}m jm dblbmraxarvlbxm fm jc| |}grbebmivc| fm |} Xa|bi* cgrmlbifc|m lcec wlvbeaxcr ja |ajwalbi fm jc| xmlafcrm|)

Mj Wbmrim| \aivc ic ja fmkarci br a ja bnjm|ba mjja |m milmrr mi |}

daobvalbi xara emfbvar mi ja Xa|bi) R Km|| wbic a farjm xmr|ciajemivmja lce}ibi) M|lrbom a|; Daobifcem milmrrafc mi eb daobvalbi* icm|v}wm |cja) Wbic mj inmj fm ja n}arfa craec| k}ivc|) A|b|vbec| a Km||mi vcfc| |}| vraoakc|* lcexafmlbec| a ja Wbrnmi i}m|vra Eafrm mi vcfc||}| fcjcrm|) Ic fmk* |bi meoarnc* mj inmj fm dalmrem }i f}jlm rmxrcldm*fblbifcem q}m ic jjcra|m l}aifc v}wbmra q}m dalmr ajni |alrbgblbc xcrKm||* |bic q}m fbmra nralba| a jc| q}m em cgrmlai cla|bi fm dalmrjc

12 A}vcobcnraga* xx) ?64%?62)?8 bo) x) ?=8)?1 A}vcobcnraga* xx) ?=?%?=


15/46

Km|| wbic xcr | eb|ec |m fbc mi lce}ibi a eb ajea) R g}m vai ivbeai}m|vra }ibi q}m c m|vaoa lcec m|v}xmgalva) Km|| em daoj fm ecfce} |mi|bojm M|vc jclc* em rmxmva Km||* xcr }ibrem a vb0 lcrrm* wmivcfa| ja| eaaia|) Xmrc ebra obmi* xcrq}m |c }i xafrm }i m|xc|c

lmjc|c) Em |mr| v dbka m|xc|a gbmj3

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JA\ JJANA\ FM KM\\

Km|| |mn}a dalbifc|m |mivbr fbarbaemivm a eb ajea jjmiifcemfm lci|}mjc Mi eb lcra{i ialb }i fm|mc nraifm fm xafmlmr xcr Km||)Lcemil a xrcwmmrem fm }ia l}mrfa nr}m|a q}m* a m|lcifbfa|* q}bv fm}i xc{c) Dblm fm mjja warbc| i}fc| em ja x}|m a ja lbiv}ra) Xmrc* axmia| |b x}fm vmimrja }i l}arvc fm dcra* xcrq}m mj inmj fm ja n}arfa*rbifcem* em ja db{c q}bvar* x}m| ic vmia xmreb|c fmj lcigm|cr?


16/46

DB\VM_BA C _MAJBFAF3

M|va| jjana| |m aorai mj k}mwm| xara lmrrar|m mj wbmrim| fm lafa|meaia) Xmrc |} lcigm|cr* Eci|mcr K}ai Wcjxb* ic m|vaoa |mn}rc |b mrai

gmiemic| |cormiav}rajm| }i fa jjmn a ja la|a alcexaafc fmj fclvcrXgaiimr xara mtaebiar ja| jjana|)

Aj jjmnar* Nmea m|vaoa mi tva|b|) Ja |mcra Lmlbjba Nbaiibib q}mdala ja| wmlm| fm eafrm fm Nmea* agbrea; Mj efblc lcnb }iaxajainaia lci an}a }i xac * mi xrm|milba fm Eci|mcr* ea fm ic| |b fm ajni cvrc* lcemi{ a jbexbar lci an}a mj xac c ajncfi ja|dmrbfa|* ja |ainrm fmj fcr|c fm ja eaic fmrmlda fm ja b{q}bmrfa) Lcecxcr milaivc* fm|axarmlb ja dmrbfa ja |ainrm fm ja eaic* a| lcec

vaeobi ja |ainrm q}m gj}a fm ja laom{a) Mivcilm|* mj efblc fbkc; Icwmi3 M|vc m| db|vmrb|ec x}rc) Jc| db|vrblc| imlm|bvai |ainrar |m jcxrcl}rai xcr | eb|ec| lci }ia an}ka c }i ajgbjmr c lci cvra lc|al}ajq}bmra))) A xarvbr fm mivcilm|* vaivc Eci|mcr lcec mj fclvcr Xgaiimr aorbnarci ja lciwbllbi fm q}m vajm| jjana| mrai xrcf}lvc|db|vrblc|?=)

Nmea v}wc q}m m|lrbobr a Eci|mcr Wcjxb jm fmla; \b d}obmram|vafc }|vmf |cjc* Km|| jm d}obmra lciwmilbfc))) Km|| em fbkc; Ic

rml}mrfa| q}m dalm vbmexc vm fbkm q}m wmifra }i fa mi q}m iafbm vmlrmmra3 X}m| obmi* m|m fa m| dc* xrmlb|aemivm) Km|| em fbkc vaeobiq}m k}ivc a }|vmf daoa cvra xmr|cia* xmrc Km|| aafb q}m m|a xmr|ciaic wbc iafa) Em fbkc bn}ajemivm q}m mra }i efblc) Km|| em da xmfbfcm|vm |alrbgblbc jc dm dmldc fm o}mia naia?7)

Mi cvra larva jm fmla vaeobi a Eci|mcr;Amr varfm em fbkc Km||;Fmom| fmlbr a v} lcigm|cr q}m |ma l}ajq}bmra mj |bnic q}m em xbfa* c jcdar lci vaj q}m m|v |cjc?>)

A ra{ fmj gmiemic fm ja| jjana|* ja wbfa fm Nmea mi |} gaebjba |mdb{c lafa wm{ e| fbglbj* xcrq}m |}| va| dmreaic| lrmai q}m vcfc mragbinbfc0 jm dalai orcea|* dalbifcjm |}grbr e}ldc) Xcr m|c* ja |mcraLmlbjba Nbaiibib* ja biwbv a br a wbwbr a |} la|a) Fca Lmlbjba mra ja va fmja gaebjba* dmreaia fm fci Eavmc Nbaiibib* mj xax) Fca K}|vbia mra jaeae vmia cilm dbkc| $fm|x}| v}wbmrci cvrc") Mra }ia gaebjba e}lrb|vbaia q}m vmiai ajckafc a }i |almrfcvm ailbaic migmrec* fci

?= Xrclm|c axc|vjblc fm Xb|a* gcj % Larva a Eci|mcr Wcjxb fmj 1? fm |mvbmeorm fm 1422)

17


17/46

Jcrmi{c Anrbecivb) Mi |} la|a |m ajckaoai jc| xafrm| xa|bcib|va|* l}aifcboai a J}la) R ajj g}m Nmea a wbwbr a xarvbr fm |mvbmeorm fmj ac 1288)

\] FB_MLVC_ M\XB_BV]AJ

Nmea m|vaoa lcec fm|aexarafa m|xbrbv}ajemivm* x}m| |} lcigm|cr iclcigbaoa mi mjja) Mivcilm|* Km|| jm db{c wmr mi }ia axarblbi a |} g}v}rcfbrmlvcr m|xbrbv}aj* mj xafrm Nmrei fm |ai M|vaib|jac* q}m jc |mr fm|fmmimrc fm 1288 da|va ja e}mrvm fm Nmea mi 128


18/46

lcivanbc* a q}m Nmea m|vaoa nrawmemivm migmrea fm v}omrl}jc|b| |mnicxbibi fm jc| efblc|* fmlbfbmrci q}m g}mra a wbwbr a }ia la|a lmrlaia*fcifm g}m avmifbfa xcr fca Lmlbjba xcr ja| rmjbnbc|a| laebja|)

\}grb e}ldc) ]i em| aivm| fm ecrbr jm m|lrbob aj xafrm Nmrei;

M|vc avcremivafa xcr gmc| |}lbc| xmi|aebmivc|* xmrc Km|| em fblm q}mem fbrbka a |} Eafrm) Dbka* milcebifavm a mjja) Ja dblm dmrec|a*nmimrc|a* aeaojm f}jlm xara q}m x}mfa naiarem ajea| |ajwarja|) Jalrm ocifafc|a* agaojm xalgbla xara q}m ic rmldalm a iafbm))) Km||*ic em aoaifcim|))) Ra la|b ic vminc ebmfc aj fbaojc* a}iq}m a wmlm| emmil}mivrc |cja* jjmia fm ebmfc xcr ja icldm lci ja| lciw}j|bcim|* agjbnbfa lci }i xm|c micrem milbea q}m ic em fmka ecwmrem cvra| ebj lc|a|)))Cd eae ea! Wbwa Km|| Wbwa Eara! Q}bmrc wcjar l}aivc aivm| aj

xara|c?2

)Mi |}| jvbec| fa|* mj fmecibc rmlr}fmlb |}| vmivalbcim|* ja|gjmea| ja adcnaoai |}gra e}ldc* xmrc vcfc jc cgrmla xcr ja |ajwalbi fmjc| xmlafcrm|* xcr q}bmim| |m daoa cgrmlbfc lcec wlvbea)

Mj xafrm Kc| Ainmjb q}m ja a|b|vb mi jc| jvbec| ecemivc| jalcigm| mj jvbec fa* rml}mrfa q}m ic d}oc ibin}ia |maj xrml}r|cra fmja e}mrvm* ib jnrbea ib rm|xbralbi gavbnc|a) E}rb lci }ia |cirb|a a| xmreaimlb lci ja |cirb|a mi jc| jaobc|0 vaivc q}m c ic x}fm

xmr|}afbrem q}m d}obmra e}mrvc


19/46

grm|lc* g}mrvm* gjmtbojm* r}obl}ifc vcfc jjmic fm |ainrm* l}aj |b |m dajja|mwbwc


20/46

MJ INMJ R MJ FMECIBC

Mj fmecibc q}mra minaarja * a wmlm|* |m jm xrm|mivaoa oakc jagbn}ra fm Km||* fm ja Wbrnmi Eara c fm |} lcigm|cr c fm |} inmj) Xcr m|c*mj lcigm|cr jm crfmi q}m* l}aifc v}wbmra ajn}ia axarblbi* jm m|l}xbmra)

Mi }ia cla|bi* wbc }i inmj fm nrai dmrec|}ra q}m jm fbkc;Eraem* lci |cjc q}m k}rm| comfmlmrem* x}mfc dalmrvm gmjb{) Icmtxmrbemivaifc Nmea ja alc|v}eorafa v}roalbi* |m x}|c a m|l}ldar lci

ja eacr |milbjjm{ ja| xrcxc|blbcim| fmj |}x}m|vc inmj) \b ja| xrbemra|xarmlai bicgmi|bwa|* j}mnc |bn}bmrci cvra| imgaifa|) Dcrrcrb{afa* nrbv;Fbc| ec* Wbrnmi bieal}jafa* xrbemrc ja e}mrvm) R* aj eb|ec vbmexc*|m jai{ lcivra mj gbinbfc inmj jm m|l}xb mi mj rc|vrc* fm|axarmlbmifcmi gcrea fm jjaea* ic |bi fmkar mi xc| fm | }i ecivi fm lmib{a


21/46

NMEA R JA M]LA_B\VA

Ic xcfa wbwbr |bi ja lce}ibi fbarba;Mi lbmrva cla|bi* |} lcigm|crcrfbiarbc $Eci|mcr Wcjxb"* xara ecrvbgblarja* jm xrcdbob lce}jnar)

Wa|m mi q} vrebic| em rmgbrb |} fm|nralba; Cd xafrm* xafrm) Dc aja| lbilc* g}b a lcigm|arem mj lcigm|cr em xrcdbob q}m lce}jna|m!Xafrm ec* ja xj}ea ic q}bmrm m|lrbobr* ja| eaic| em vbmeojai c icx}mfc emic| fm jjcrar)

_mlboa ja lce}ibi mi }ibi lci Eara* jc| |aivc| jc| inmjm|)Fblm;Dalm xclc| ecemivc| q}m rmlbo a Km||) Q} nrai fblda! Rc* q}memrmlmra wbwbr lci jc| fmecibc|* em mil}mivrc xcr mj lcivrarbc lafaeaaia rcfmafa fm inmjm| |aivc| }ibfa lcivbi}a m ivbeaemivm lci

Km||


22/46

xmrfa ja iclbi fmj vbmexc fm ic awb|arjm l}ifc mra dcra fm |ajbr*d}obmra fmkafc vrai|l}rrbr dcra| dcra| |bi eaibgm|var mtvram{a clai|ailbc6?)

Mi ja lce}ibi fmj 4 fm eac $fm 1281"* ja Wbrnmi Eara jm fbkc;

Dbka ea* c vm dm fafc a Km||* q} em far| v3 Em xarmlb q}maq}mjja eaaia eb inmj fm ja n}arfa em alcexa da|va Km||* l}aifcg}b a rmlbobrjc $mi ja lce}ibi") Aq}mj fa g}m }i fa fm lbmjc6


23/46

Jm |}xjbq} aj inmj fm ja n}arfa q}m g}mra a xmfbr xmreb|c a Km||xara xa|ar ja icldm lciebnc) Fm|axarmlb aj ecemivc) R* l}aifc cov}wcmj xmreb|c* rmnrm|67)

Xmrc }i fa |} gajva g}m e| nrawm mj la|vbnc vaeobi) Fblm mjja

eb|ea;Daoa rmlbobfc fm Eci|mcr ja xrcdboblbi ao|cj}va fm |ajbr |cjafm la|a) M|m fa gajvaoa xrmlb|aemivm ja va $|mcra Lmlbjba" iafbm xcfaco|mrwarem |aj xara br a ja| L}armiva Dcra| Wb }i dceorm q}mlcemi{ a |mn}brem) Mld a aifar |bi |aomr afifm boa) Fm|x}| fm ic| q} vbmexc* em dajj mi ja bnjm|ba fm |ai Ebn}mj) Aq}mj dceorm daoamivrafc vaeobi mi ja bnjm|ba* xmrc j}mnc fm|axarmlb) G}b a lcigm|arem*mivr m|vaoa Eci|mcr) Jc xrbemrc fm q}m em al}| g}m fm daomr* lcecq}bmi fblm* m|laxafc fm la|a* xmrc j ic em rb lcec fm crfbiarbc0 aj

lcivrarbc* em fbkc q}m daoa dmldc obmi) \mn} lcigm|ifcem axrcoaoavcfc jc q}m jm fmla) \aj fm i}mwc aq}mj dceorm lcemi{ a |mn}bremda|va ja bnjm|ba fm ja \aiv|bea Vrbibfaf) G}b lcrrbmifc a ja| ecika| jm|rcn} q}m em alcexaarai a la|a* x}m| vmia ebmfc* xmrc ic emq}b|bmrci jjmwar aj x}ivc))) G}m }i fa fmj fbaojc) Eci|mcr $q}m jmlcigm|" mra mj fbaojc q}m wbic da|va lci ja ebvra mi ja laom{a6>)

Cvra wm{ g}m mj eb|ec Km|| q}bmi jm db{c |mivbr |} fb|n}|vc) Agbrea;]ia eaaia* fm|x}| fm ja lce}ibi* Km|| em fbc a lciclmr }ia lc|a

q}m jm daoa fb|n}|vafc) Ja daoa dmldc ja varfm aivmrbcr) Alc|v}eoraoaia wmibr a la|a fc| ldbla| aebna| fm }ia dmreaia ea |m daojaoa* ic fmlc|a| eaja|* xmrc | e}ifaia|) Rc vce xarvm fbkm jc ec* lcec ja|fme|* xmrc xcr ja eaaia Km|| em rb vai |xmraemivm q}m |maxcfmr fm e }i vmrrcr vaj q}m daora fm|mafc ic daojar ib wmr a iafbm64)

Mi cvra cla|bi* $xcr daomr eaibgm|vafc rmx}niailba mi jmmr a ja|mcra Lmlbjba }ia larva fbrbnbfa aj xafrm Nmrei"))) rmlbo fm Km|| }io}mi la|vbnc) Em fbkc q}m mj inmj ic |m em fmkara wmr xcr m|xalbc fm

warbc| em|m|) Fm|fm m|m fa* ic jc dm w}mjvc a wmr dc* q}m da wmibfc* icda q}mrbfc br|m62)Amr* mi mj vrai|l}r|c fmj fa* em fbc mj inmj ajn}ic| awb|c|) Mj

xrbemrc g}m a ja dcra fm lcemr) \m em almrl) Dm fm fmlbr q}m mi m|mecemivc |m em daoa cl}rrbfc }i xmi|aebmivc) \m lcexrmifm q}m j jcmivmifb em fbkc; Dbkbva* q}bmrm| fm wmrfaf q}m em waa ic w}mjwae| a wmrvm3) Em awmrncil mivr fmivrc fm e eb|ea)67 Fbarbc fmj 7 fm anc|vc fm 1288)6> Mxb|vcjarbc* Mf) jbvrnbla m|xacja* Oarlmjcia* 1266* x) ?>7)64 A}vcobcnraga* x) ?==)62 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj = fm aorbj fm 1281)

?


24/46

Cvra wm{ amr* ebmivra| m|vaoa mi ja bnjm|ba* |m em almrl em fbkc;Ja Eakm|vaf fm Km|| mj j}nar mi q}m m|v| xbfmi cvrc ecfc fm corar)Mi m|m ecemivc* daoa jmwaivafc jc| ckc| xara ebrar a fc| iba| wmrlec boai wm|vbfa|) Ja jvbea g}m mi ja icldm) M|vaoa mi ja laea fm ecfc

emic| ecfm|vc em da rmbfc* fblbifcem q}m* mi wm{ fm afmjaivar axrcwmldar |}| mi|mai{a|* em danc lafa wm{ xmcr agjckc a lafa xa|cmi mj obmi=8)

M|va varfm* xcr comfmlmr a ja va a eb dmreaia* dm vmibfc q}m brlci mjja| a wmr lbmrvc| k}mnc|* mivrmvmibebmivc|* mvl) Rc ic q}bmrc br i}ilae|* |xajc))) Eb inmj ic fmoa m|var lcivmivc* x}m| ic da bfc=1)

Ebmivra| lcea* jmwaiv jc| ckc| wb aj inmj fm ja n}arfa q}m emebraoa lci }i rc|vrc vai |mwmrc q}m dala vmeojar) Ic em daoj) E|

varfm* aj brem }ic| ecemivc| a ja laea* em fbkc q}m jc ebra|m a ja lara)Jc ebr oak mi|mn}bfa ja wb|va* xmrc j bi|b|vb em fbkc; Ic vm fawmrnmi{a lcemvmr gajva| mi eb xrm|milba3) Wcjwb a bi|b|vbr mi q}m jmebra|m0 xcr m|xalbc fm e| fm emfba dcra em db{c m|var mi |} xrm|milba*ebrifcjm lcivbi}aemivm a ja lara) Em mldaoa }ic| ckc| vai |mwmrc|))) Icdblm e| q}m jjcrar))) Fm l}aifc mi l}aifc* em rmxmva; Em awmrnmi{cfm vb))) Da m|vafc lciebnc warba| dcra|* xmrc |bi daojar |bmexrm|mwmrc))) Xcr gbi* xa|afa| ja| vrm|* dm wb|vc q}m mj inmj |m em almrlaoa*

em xcia ja eaic mi ja grmivm em fmla m|va| xajaora|; F}mrem*eaja)

M|va eaaia dm rmlbobfc ja lce}ibi) Ic em avrmwa a dalmrja)Xarmlm q}m Km|| em da fmkafc mivrmwmr }i xclc mj ecvbwc xcr mj q}m mjinmj |m e}m|vra vai |mwmrc lciebnc; xcr ja jvbea lcigm|bi q}m dblmeaj $ic eaibgm|vaifc vcfa| ja| lc|a| mtvracrfbiarba|") Mj inmj ic dafmkafc fm ec|vrar|m lciebnc |mwmrc da|va m|va eaaia mi q}m eaibgm|vvcfc aj lcigm|cr) Axmia| |aj fmj lcigm|bciarbc* em ebr |cirbmivm lci

abrm lcexjalbfc* em xarmlb q}m wcjwa fm ja e}mrvm a ja wbfa) E| varfmem daoj)))* |m almrl em alarblb))) R em fbkc; Dc ic em awmrnmi{cfm vb* amr |=?)

=8 Fbarbc fmj ?? fm k}jbc fm 1288)=1 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj 1> fm |mvbmeorm fm 1288)=? Fbarbc fmj


25/46

MJ INMJ* EFBLC R MIGM_EM_C

Fblm mj xafrm Nmrei; Nmea vmia mi |} inmj l}|vcfbc }i |cjlbvcmigmremrc }i efblc mebimivm) Oa|vaoa q}m |}grbm|m ja e| jbnmra

fcjmilba xara q}m jc v}wbm|m a |} laomlmra vcfa ja icldm) Ja mivrmvmialci |}| |aiva| mtdcrvalbcim|* ja lci|cjaoa mi |}| xm|arm|* ja fmgmifalcivra ja| a|mldai{a| fmj fmecibc jm xrm|vaoa l}aivc| |mrwblbc|imlm|bvaoa=)

Fm|x}| fm rmlbobr ja| jjana|* m|lrbob; Ja| vax $ja| jjana|" jc emkcrq}m x}fm j}mnc* a}fafa xcr mj inmj* x}fm alc|varem mi ja laea=4)

Mi cla|bcim|* jm a}faoa fm|x}| fm daomr rmlbobfc ncjxm| fmj

fmecibc) Mi }ia larva jm fblm aj xafrm Nmrei; Mj fmecibc em db{c }ixclc fm fac* xcrq}m em f}mjmi ja| m|xajfa| ic x}mfc vmimr ja laom{afmrmlda ib |bq}bmra fm|i}farem ib wm|vbrem) Mj inmj em a}fa=2)

=< Nmrei fm |ai M|vaib|jac Oa|bjbc fm |ai Xaojc* c)l)* x) )=6 Fbarbc fmj ?8 fm anc|vc fm 1288)== Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj ?8 fm k}jbc fm 128?)=7 Fbarbc fmj 18 fm anc|vc fm 1288)=> Larva fm fca Lmlbjba aj xafrm Nmrei fmj ?7 fm icwbmeorm fm 1288)=4 A}vcobcnraga* x) ?7?)=2 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj 6 fm clv}orm fm 1288)

?=


26/46

R mjja fblm* lcec anrafmlbmifc a |} inmj |}| |mrwblbc|; L}iva|wmlm|* f}raivm eb migmremfaf* em dala |mivbr aj lcra{i xajaora| fmlci|}mjc!78

Vaeobi mj inmj fmj xafrm Nmrei jm a}faoa) Mjja eb|ea jc fblm;

Mj k}mwm| xcr ja icldm wbic |} inmj* em om| warba| wmlm| * lcec emmilcivraoa }i xclc eaj ic xcfa ecwmrem* j* xcormlbvc* em wcjwa* afm }ia xarvm a fm cvra) Rc |m jc anrafmla fm lcra{i71)

MJ INMJ Q]M JJC_A

Jc q}m e| jm fcja dala |}grbr aj inmj mrai |}| fm|comfbmilba| aj

lcigm|cr* a q}bmi fmoa far l}miva fm vcfc jc q}m jm xa|aoa) Fblm;Fm vcfcfmoa far l}miva a eb lcigm|cr* xmrc g}b a lcigm|arem ic em avrmw* |aj|bi fmlbrjm iafa) _mnrm| a la|a * aj mivrar mi eb daobvalbi* wb q}m ebinmj jjcraoa) Ic em avrmw a xrmn}ivarjm iafa* xmrc j*m|xcivimaemivm* em fbkc;

Fm ecfc q}m v ic em q}bmrm| wmr3 Mrm| eaja* xcrq}m lajja| ja|lc|a| aj lcigm|cr) _ml}mrfa jc q}m vm fbnc* vm jc rmxbvc xcr jvbeawm{) \b w}mjwm| a lajjar jc e| ivbec aj lcigm|cr* c ic em fmkar

wmr e| fm vb* i}ila* i}ila)Em x}|m fm rcfbjja| em eaif q}m dblbm|m mj alvc fm lcivrblbi*dalbifcem xrcemvmr q}m mi afmjaivm |m jc fbra vcfc aj lcigm|cr0 j}mncem xmrfci mi mj iceorm fm Km||7?)

]i fa* aj xcimrem a m|lrbobr m|va larva* dm wb|vc* em xarmlb* a |}inmj fm ja n}arfa))) Em fbkc* la|b jjcraifc; Dbka* dbka ea* v m|vaoa|da|va dalm xclc rcfmafa fm rc|a|* ic vm fa| l}miva fm q}m adcra* mi lafa}ia fm aq}mjja| rc|a| axarmlmi m|xbia| q}m x}i{ai v} lcra{i3 Da|va aq}

da| |aocrmafc f}j{}ra| mi vcric a v} wbfa* xmrc rml}mrfa q}m* mi mj gcifcfm mjja|* m|v ja dbmj) Wm| m|va lr}{3 M| ja lr}{ q}m vm cgrmlm v} xafrm) M|valr}{ m| }i jborc q}m da| fm jmmr lafa fa) Xrcevmem* dbka* xrcevmem q}mjjmwar| m|va lr}{ lci aecr q}m |mr xara vb e| q}mrbfa q}m vcfa| ja|ajmnra| fmj e}ifc)

78 A}vcobcnraga* x) ?6 fm fblbmeorm fm 1288)7? A}vcobcnraga* x) ?>)

?7


27/46

Jm fbkm q}m | a vcfc lci eaic vmeojcrc|a aoral ja lr}{) Ebmivra|mj inmj em daojaoa a|* fm |}| ckc| laai nr}m|a| jnrbea| * rmxmvbfa|wmlm|* em db{c jjcrar vaeobi a e7


28/46

fbaojc* vm m|l}xc a ja lara) Mivcilm|* j* |cirbmifc* afcr ja Eakm|vaffm Fbc| m db{c }i |aj}fc a ja \aiv|bea Vrbibfaf77)

Vaeobi mj inmj fmj xafrm Nmrei |m rma lci mjja) Ic| fblm;Fm|x}| fm xa|ar }ia dcra $fm |}grbebmivc" |m em xrm|miv |} inmj) Ic

lrma q}m jc dm rmlbobfc obmi) Jm dm rcnafc q}m |m g}m|m* x}m| daoa |bfcla|vbnafa xcr Km|| xcr eb inmj)))* j |m rma7>)

]i fa* l}aifc |aj fmj lcigm|bciarbc* mj inmj em ebr |cirbmivm lci abrm lcexjalbfc74)

Cvrc fa* jm m|lrbob }ia larva aj lcdmreaic Naorbmj fblm; M|vaeaaia fm eafr}nafa* mj inmj em fm|xmrv em fbkc q}m dc rmlbobra jarm|x}m|va* Lec3 Ra ja wmr|* em fbkc |cirbmifc72)

]ia varfm* m|vaoa mi laea mj inmj wcjwb a omifmlbrem) Em fbkc;Eaaia ic xcfr| rmlbobr a Km|| $xcr m|var migmrea"* em om| fc| wmlm| |m g}m) Amr xcr ja varfm fbkbec| k}ivc| mj alvc fm lcivrblbi lci ja grmivmmi vbmrra em xrmn}iv rbmifc lec m|vaoa) _m|xcif; E} obmi>8)

MJ INMJ LAEXAIM_C

]i |mrwblbc fmj inmj mra awb|arjm* l}aifc jjmnaoa ja dcra xara

dalmr vaj c l}aj lc|a) Mj xafrm Nmrei* l}aifc m|vaoa mi J}la fcreami la|a fm ja gaebjba Nbaiibib* aj jmwaivar|m xcr ja eaaia* |cja jjaear aja x}mrva fmj l}arvc fcifm fcreai fca Lmlbjba Nmea xara fm|xmrvarja| awb|arjm| q}m mra dcra fm cr eb|a lce}jnar) Mj o}mi xafrm faoavaeobi a Nmea |} omifblbi aivm| fm br a alc|var|m) X}m| obmi* l}aifc jgajvaoa* fm|mexmaoa m|c| eb|ec| |mrwblbc| mj inmj l}|vcfbc fm Nmea*fm|xmrvifcja xcr ja eaaia fifcjm ja omifblbi xcr ja icldm>1)

M|c eb|ec dala mj inmj fmj xafrm Nmrei) Mjja jm m|lrbom; Vcfa|ja| icldm|* fm|fm q}m }|vmf |m earld* |} inmj l}|vcfbc wbmim aomifmlbrem xcr ja| eaaia| a fm|xmrvarem>?)

77 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj ?8 fm k}jbc fm 128?)7> Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj = fm aorbj fm 1281)74 Fbarbc fmj 8 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj 4 fm fblbmeorm fm 1288)>1 Nmrei fm |ai M|vaib|jac Oa|bjbc fm |ai Xaojc* c)l)* x) ? Larva fmj 1= fm |mvbmeorm fm 1288)

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\} lcigm|cr jm daoa xrcdbobfc q}m m|v}wbmra e| fm }ia dcra lciKm||* l}aifc |m jm axarmla) Mjja fblm aj rm|xmlvc mi |} Fbarbc; Axmia|vmrebiafa ja dcra q}m ja comfbmilba em vbmim |majafa* eb inmj em awb|)Q} dalmr3 Km|| |mn}a mivrmvmibifcem* xmrc obmi wma mj meoara{c mi

q}m em milcivraoa) Mra emim|vmr q}m c eaifa|m earldar a Km|| a gbi fmic gajvar a ja comfbmilba* x}m| ja dcra daoa vmrebiafc)

Fbkc Km||; Faem }ia |maj fm q}m comfmlmr| |bmexrm) Mivcilm|mtljae; Wmvm* Km||* q}m adcra ic vm q}bmrc) Km||* |cirbmifc* em omifbkc * milcemififcem aj inmj fm ja n}arfa* em fmk lci vaivaajmnra q}m ic jc xcfra mtxjblar>6

)Mj inmj m|vaoa |bmexrm avmivc jm awb|aoa l}aifc fmoa alc|var|m

c jmwaivar|m* l}exjbr ajn}ia cojbnalbi c rm{ar |}| cralbcim|)

>< Fbarbc fmj 6 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj 1= fm |mvbmeorm fm 1288)

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MJ INMJ LCEXAM_C

Mj inmj |bmexrm ja alcexaaoa) R e}lda| wmlm| wb|bojmemivm) Ja

Eafrm Bi| fmljara q}m }i fa g}m Nmea aj ecia|vmrbc a wb|bvarja mjja jarmxrmifb xcr daomr bfc |cja) Nmea jm rm|xcifb q}m ic m|vaoa |cja* x}m|ja alcexaaoa |} inmj fm ja n}arfa) Ja Eafrm jm rm|xcifb;

Fifm jc da| fmkafc3

Ajj ag}mra a ja x}mrva)

Xcr q} ic jc jjaea|3Nmea aorb ja x}mrva lci ja eaic jc biwbv a mivrar* xmrc ja Eafrm

Bi| ic jc wbc jm xrmn}iv lec jc wma) Mivcilm|* Nmea rm|xcifb; Jmwmc ja lara lci ja| aja| mtvmifbfa| |corm eb laom{a mi |maj fmxrcvmllbi>=) Ja va Mjb|a aljara mi mj Xrclm|c q}m Nmea fmoa vmimr}ic| 1= 17 ac|)

Fblm Nmea; Mj inmj fm ja n}arfa ic lm|a fm wbnbjarem* bi|vr}brem farem |aobc| lci|mkc|) \m fmka wmr warba| wmlm| aj fa em daoja) Amr emalcexa f}raivm ja lcebfa* xmrc ic em dala g}mr{a $xara lcemr" lcecem dalmi jc| fme|>7)

]i fa* l}aifc emic| jc xmi|aoa* wbic mj inmj) \m em almrl* emalarblb em |miv cojbnafa a fmlbrjm lci vcfc mj agmlvc;

inmj ec* l}ivc vm q}bmrc! Xcr q} em q}bmrm| vaivc3

Vm q}bmrc* xcrq}m em mi|ma| ja d}ebjfaf xcrq}m eaivbmim|ja xa{ bivmrbcr mi eb lcra{i) \b ajn}ia wm{ |c eaja* ic vmmigafm|)

\* c |mr v} n}a |mn}rc) \mr v} lcexamrc bi|mxaraojm) Icwm| q}bi em da lcigbafc v} l}|vcfba3

\* eb o}mi Km||)

R jc| fc| q}mfaec| lci Km||>>)

>= [cgcjjb Mirblc*Ja xcwmra Nmeea* _cea* 12=>* x) 674)>7 Fbarbc fmj ?8 fm anc|vc fm 1288)>> Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj ?8 fm k}jbc fm 128?)


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MJ INMJ Q]M _M[A R OMIFBLM

Q} dmrec|c m| |aomr q}m i}m|vrc| inmjm| l}|vcfbc|* mivrm cvra|cojbnalbcim| q}m vbmimi* m|v ja fm rm{ar xcr ic|cvrc|! L}iva| dcra| |m

daori xa|afc craifc fm fa fm icldm* xbfbmifc xcr ic|cvrc| i}m|vra|bivmilbcim|! R lec jm| n}|va omifmlbr!

Mi ja wbfa fm Nmea m|vc axarmlm e}lda| wmlm|) M}gmeba Nbaiibibrmjava q}m mj 17 fm anc|vc fm 128?* aj m|l}xbrjm aj inmj xcr crfmi fm |}lcigm|cr* |}rnb mi mj j}nar fcifm la ja |ajbwa }ia omjja rc|a ojaila* mil}a| dcka| m|vaoa m|lrbvc; Fmj aecr vcfc |m rmlbom* * a lcivbi}albi* mjinmj |m x}|c fm rcfbjja|* k}iv ja| eaic| cr) _mlbv vcfa| ja| cralbcim|q}m mj |almrfcvm fblm mi ja eb|a fm|fm mj \aivc da|va ja Mjmwalbi>4)

Mj inmj vaeobi rmlbvaoa lciebnc mj Cgblbc $fbwbic">2)Aj xafrm Nmrei jm fblm; \aom jc q}m dalmec| l}aifc wbmim mj

inmj3 Afcraec| k}ivc| ja bigbibva Eakm|vaf fm Fbc| aifaec| a xcrgaxara wmr q}bi rmxbvm e| g}mrvm; Wbwa Km||! Ic daojaec| fm cvra lc|a!48

Mj xafrm Nmrei fmljara; Mj inmj |m jm axarmla mi mj abrm lci ja|eaic| mtvmifbfa| c k}iva| lcec mi alvbv}f fm crar) Cvra| wmlm|*arrcfbjjafc a |} jafc) _mlbvaoai k}ivc| jc| |ajec| cralbcim|

ajvmriavbwaemivm * |b mrai kal}javcrba|* boai a xcrga a wmr q}bi nrbvaoae|; Wbwa Km||! Omifbvc |ma Km||! R cvra| |memkaivm|* lci jc q}m mj\mcr |m ec|vraoa |avb|gmldc41) R rmlcrfmec| q}m mjja fblm; A wmlm| ic| xa|aec| daojaifc dcra| mivmra|4?) R lci }ia |milbjjm{ mtvracrfbiarbaagbrea; Wbic mj inmj craec| k}ivc|44 Nbaiibib M}gmeba* Xrclm|c axc|vjblc fm Namva* gcj =4)>2 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj < fm clv}orm fm 1288)48 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fm xrbemrc| fm mimrc fm 1281)41 Nmrei fm |ai M|vaib|jac* c)l)* x) 1=>)4? Fbarbc fmj


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R jc eb|ec dala mj inmj fmj xafrm Nmrei* l}aifc |m jm axarmla;\} inmj em omifblm em alarblba))) Em omifbkc warba| wmlm|* ebmivra|nrbvaoa g}mrvm; Wbwa Km||!47

MJ INMJ FMJ XAF_M NM_EI

Nmea ic vmia |cjaemivm }i inmj aebnc* mj inmj fmj xafrm Nmreimra vaeobi |} aebnc q}m ja wb|bvaoa grml}mivmemivm ja a}faoa mi vcfc*bilj}|c l}aifc m|vaoa migmrea) Aq} xcfmec| co|mrwar ja bexcrvailba fmbiwclar a jc| inmjm| fm i}m|vrc| gaebjbarm| c xmr|cia| lci q}bmim|wbwbec|* x}m| mjjc| vaeobi |ci xarvm fm i}m|vra wbfa ic| a}fari mi jaemfbfa mi q}m jc| biwcq}mec|)

Fblm Nmea aj xafrm Nmrei; Eifmem m|va icldm a |} inmj*xcrq}m vminc e}ldc| rmlafc| q}m farjm4>)

Fm|x}| fm vaivc vbmexc* aj gbi |m em da xrm|mivafc vaeobi |}inmj) Wmia e}ldc e| dmrec|c) Ja m|vrmjja rmj}lbmivm* q}mlci|vaivmemivm axarmlm |corm |} laom{a* adcra orbjjaoa e}ldc e|)Gbnrm|m q}m da wmibfc a ja lclbia ebmivra| Ema dala ja| ajocifbn}bjja|)))\miv mivcilm| xc|ar }ia eaic |corm eb grmivm q}m em jmwaivaoai ja

laom{a) Mra |} inmj* q}m em fmla; Waec| a wmr* dbka ea) \b vbmim| jaf}jlm m|xmrai{a fm rmbiar }i fa lci Km|| Eara mi mj lbmjc* xcr q} ic|}grm| vraoaka| lci }i xclc e| fm g}mr{a lcrakm3) Fbldc m|vc emom| fm|axarmlb* fmkifcem jjmia fm nc{c44)

Vcfa| ja| icldm|* fm|fm q}m }|vmf |m earld* |} inmj l}|vcfbc wbmima omifmlbrem * xcr ja| eaaia|* a fm|xmrvarem) M|va eaaia* l}aifc aorjc| ckc|* ic m|vaoa em wbibmrci naia| fm jjcrar) Em jc miwbar cvra wm{mi|mn}bfa* ic m| wmrfaf3 Fnajm q}m jm xbfc xmrfi q}m ic wcjwmr a

lcemvmr e| aq}mjja fm|comfbmilba) Eb inmj ic m| vai |mwmrc* a}i l}aifc|ma eaja) Wbmim |bmexrm xcr jc emic| a omifmlbrem42)

Mj wbmrim| xcr ja eaaia* a m|c fm ja| i}mwm* eaif }|vmf |} inmjl}|vcfbc a wb|bvarem) Wmia }i xclc migafafc em fbkc q}m jm eaifaoa}|vmf xara q}m em fbkm|m q}m ic mra a vbmexc fm dalmr ja iba* |bic fmlaebiar a xa|c| anbnaivafc| xcr jc| laebic| fm ja xmrgmllbi fmj

47 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj < fm ear{c fm 1281)

4> Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj ?6 fm fblbmeorm fm 1288)44 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj 2%1< fm eac fm 1281)42 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj 1= fm |mvbmeorm fm 1288)


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m|xrbv}))) \} o}mi inmj em fbkc afme| cvra| e}lda| lc|a|) Em jjaewarba| wmlm| xcr eb iceorm em fmla; C laeoba| fm wbfa c laeoba| fmiceorm28)

M|lrbom Nmea; Xafrm ec* |} inmj m|v |bmexrm lciebnc) Em

omifblm* em alarblba jm eaifc fmlbr e}lda| lc|a|) Jm fbkc q}m jmeaif fmlbr q}m dblbm|m ja larbfaf fm m|lrbobr a ja va aivm| fm Xa|l}a321

Mj wbmrim| xcr ja icldm |} omifbvc inmj em db{c migafar) Rc icq}mra q}m |m almrla|m a e* xmrc j |m mexm mi fmlbrem warba| lc|a|)Em fbkc axmia| jjmn; Fbc| vm omifbna* cd ajea lcigbafa a eb l}|vcfba)Ra x}mfm gbn}rar|m lec jm rm|xcifmra) Jm fbkm; inmj |aivc* m|l}lda }ixclc) Ic vm mi|}lbm| ja| eaic| lciebnc* wmvm* wmvm lci cvra ajea q}m |mxadalmr m|vbea fm jc| fcim| fm Fbc|) Rc ic | dalmrja) Xmrc j em fbkc;

Q} vmem|3 Fm|comfmlmr)

Ic vmea|* q}m m| v} xafrm q}bmi em miwa))) Lrmm| q}m mlda| axmrfmr jc| nraifm| fcim| q}m Fbc| vm da lcilmfbfc3 Ic vmea|) M|va nralba|m ja xmfbr c a Km|| xara vb) Oa|va q}m v em xrcemva| lcrrm|xcifmr a jc|a}tbjbc| q}m vm xrm|var v} xafrm) Xcr jc fme|* dbka* ic vmina| ebmfc aj|}grbebmivc)

R em omifbkc warba| wmlm|* ebmivra| nrbvaoa g}mrvm; Wbwa Km||!2?

Lci q} lcigbai{a daoja lci |} inmj lci mj fmj xafrm Nmrei!Aeoc| vceai mi |mrbc |} |aivbgblalbi aeoc| |m jm axarmlmi mi fb|vbivc|ecemivc|) Bilj}|c jm a}fai a laeobar fm xc|blbi mi ja laea da|vak}rai xcr Fbc|)

Jm fblm aj xafrm Nmrei; Q}bmrm fmlbrem |b |} inmj x}mfm k}rar3 Mj k}mwm| xcr ja icldm wbic |} inmj) Em om| warba| wmlm| * lcec emmilcivraoa }i xclc eaj ic xcfa ecwmrem* j* xcormlbvc* em wcjwa a

fm }ia xarvm* a fm cvra) Rc |m jc anrafmla fm lcra{i) Mj wbmrim|* a m|c fmja| cilm emfba* wcjwb cvra wm{) Q} lcivmiva em xcinc* l}aifc jcwmc!))) Em fmla; Vm k}rc lci wmrfaf q}m vcfc l}aivc mi vb |}lmfm ib m|bj}|bi ib lc|a q}m |m jm xarm{la* |bic cora mivmraemivm fm Fbc|) R jcrmxbvb fc| wmlm| em eaif q}m rm{a|m vcfc| jc| fa| vrm| awmeara|)Aafb fm|x}|;

28 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj ?8 fm clv}orm fm 128?)21 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fm jvbec| fm ear{c fm 1281)2? Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj < fm ear{c fm 1281)


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Q}bmrm| e}ldc a ja eafrm fm Km||3 \aj}fafja a emi}fc $ic fbkc|ajfaja* |bic |aj}fafja"* x}m| jc anrafmlm e}ldc) \bmexrm c| fmw}mjwm mj|aj}fc * |b ic |bmexrm jc c|* m| q}m jc dalm xara xrcoar |b* a xm|ar fmvcfc* |mn}| |bmifc gbmj) Em omifbkc |m g}m2


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MJ INMJ LA_VM_C

]ia fm ja| lc|a| e| dmrec|a| fm ja wbfa fm |aiva Nmea m| co|mrwara |} inmj lcec }i d}ebjfm |mrwbfcr q}m jm dala gawcrm| fm vcfa lja|m*

bilj}|c jjmwarjm ja| larva| aj lcrrmc xara adcrrar|m mj graiq}mc) Icreajemivm* m|a| larva| jjmwafa| xcr mj inmj* ja| rmlboa mj xafrmNmrei xcr mj lcrrmc crfbiarbc) Xmrc ajn}ia| wmlm| ja| rmlbob xcr emfbcfm }i xakarbvc* oakc l}a gbn}ra m|vaoa |} inmj)

Mj xafrm Nmrei jm m|lrboa a ja |mcra Lmlbjba xara xrcoar* |brmajemivm mra mj inmj mj q}m jjmwaoa ja| larva|; _m|xmlvc aj larvmrcainjblc* xcfra dalmr|m cvra xr}moa) L}aifc Nmea vmina a xrmxarafc mj|corm fm q}m jm dm daojafc* }i |corm lmrrafc* xcina ja| |ma| |m jc

mivrmn}m a }|vmf) ]|vmf jc lcka jc xcina mi }i |bvbc axarvafc* lcjclaifcmilbea }ia beanmi fmj wmimraojm Naorbmj* rcnaifc aj \mcr q}m |manjcrbgblafc mi m|va |} |bmrwa q}m ic xmrebva q}m mj mimebnc minam aiafbm) \b fm|x}| fm xa|afc| vrm| fa|* mj |corm |bn}bm|m mi |} |bvbc* }|vmfvmifr ja ocifaf fm miwbarjc xcr lcrrmc22)

Ja |mcra Lmlbjba Jm m|lrbob aj xafrm Nmrei }ia larva mi ja q}m jmfmla; Mj fa 1? |m jm miwb }ia larva) Ja da rmlbobfc3 \m rmebvb fm m|vmecfc) \m ja mivrmn} a fci Jcrmi{c* q}bmi ja x}|c oakc jjawm ja varfm fmj

fa 1?) Mj fa 1< a m|c fm ja| vrm| fm ja varfm* m|vaoa lci ja r}mla* ebmivra|Nmea |m dajjaoa lci mj ibc mi ora{c|) Fm rmxmivm* em fblm q}m da wb|vcxa|ar aj inmj xcr ja wmivaia fm fci Jcrmi{c lci ja larva mi ja eaic) Lcrraj ecemivc a jjaear a fci Jcrmi{c* q}m vmia ja jjawm mi mj ocj|bjjc* jmfbkm; Waec| aj bi|vaivm a wmr) Ebraec| ja larva ic m|vaoa a) Fnaemmi|mn}bfa* |b ja da rmlbobfc188)

Mj xafrm Nmrei jm lcivm|vaoa mj ?1 fm k}ibc* fblbmifc; _mlboc mim|vc| ecemivc| ja| fc| larva| fm q}m em daojaoa mi |} axrmlbaf|beajvbea) ]ia vram ja gmlda fmj 1? ja cvra wbmim |bi mjja) Ja| fc| jjmnarci k}iva|) Fbc| m| larbfaf bigbibva) Xcr q}* x}m|* earawbjjar|m fm wmrjmlcifm|lmifmr vaivc lci |}| lrbav}ra|3181

Mj ?? fm k}ibc fm 1281 Nmea bilj} mi }i eb|ec |corm* xaralcigbr|mjc aj inmj* fc| larva| fb|vbiva|; Ja }ia xara mj xafrm Nmrei jacvra xara ja Eafrm Kc|mga) Nmea |m ja| mivrmn a ja |mcra Lmlbjba) R ja|mcra Lmlbjba* |mni rfmim| rmlbobfa|* m|lcifb xrbemraemivm mj |corm

22 Mxb|vcjarbc* c)l)* x) 7 fm k}ibc fm 1281)181 Mxb|vcjarbc* c)l)* x) 167)


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mi ja daobvalbi fm fci Jcrmi{c $|almrfcvm q}m wbwa ajckafc mi ja eb|eala|a") J}mnc vra|jafarci mj |corm aj |bvbc e| m|lcifbfc m bexmimvraojm fmja la|a* lcjclifcjc mivrm fc| benmim|* }ia fm |ai Naorbmj fm ja Fcjcrc|a cvra fm |ai Xaojc fm ja Lr}{)

Aj fa |bn}bmivm* a m|c fm ja| fc| fm ja varfm* ja |mcra Lmlbjba |mmivrmvmia mi mj lcemfcr* daojaifc lci |} |corbic eacr* l}aifc |mxrm|miva Nmea jm fblm q}m da wb|vc aj inmj q}m jjmwaoa mj |corm) Al}fbaj j}nar fcifm jc daoa m|lcifbfc daoa fm|axarmlbfc)

Mj xafrm Nmrei jm m|lrbob a ja Eafrm Kc|mga fblbmifc; Aeoa|larva|* ja |}a ja ea em g}mrci mivrmnafa| xcr mj inmj l}|vcfbc 18?)Lec3 \m |aom q}m daoj fm }ia larva q}m |bivb lamr |corm |} m|lrbvcrbc}ia icldm mi q}m |}| dmreaic| |m dajjaoai rmlbvaifc mj Cgblbc fm eabvbim|

mi mj lcrc) \mni mj \}xmrbcr fmj lciwmivc fm Lcrimvc* f}raivm jc|eabvbim| jjae }i fm|lciclbfc a ja xcrvmra fblbmifc q}m fmoa mivrmnarlci }rnmilba }i xjbmnc xmr|ciajemivm aj xafrm Nmrei) A xarvbr fm m|mfa* mj xafrm Nmrei ic v}wc f}fa| fmj emi|akmrc ainjblc)

Mj xafrm Nmrei jm m|lrbob a ja |mcra Lmlbjba; Ja larva fm Nmeamivrmnafa aj inmj l}|vcfbc em jjmn x}iv}ajemivm) Wbwa Km|| fmNmea!18


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]ia eaaia* mi q}m |m mtvraaoa fmj jarnc vbmexc vrai|l}rrbfc |bivmimr icvblba| fm Nmea* |bivb q}m }i xkarc rmwcjcvmaoa rc{aifc lci |}|aja| jc| lrb|vajm| fm ja wmivaia) Aj xrbilbxbc* ic jm fbc bexcrvailba* xmrclcec mj xkarc xmr|mwmraoa mi ja eb|ea alvbv}f* |m almrl a ja wmivaia*

co|mrwaifc lci |crxrm|a q}m vraa }ia larva mi mj xblc q}m* mi wm{ fma|}|var|m* faoa |bnic| fm q}mrmr mivrar mi ja lmjfa) Aorb mj xafrm jawmivaia* mivr mj xkarc * fm|x}| fm fmkar lamr ja larva |corm ja em|a* |majmk wcjaifc)

Ja larva mra fm Nmea * lcec mi mjja |}xjblaoa q}m jm lcivm|va|mxrcivc* jc db{c biemfbavaemivm* lcjclaifc ja larva mi ja xarvm mtvmrbcr fmja wmivaia) Lmrr |va * aj bi|vaivm* wbc almrlar|m aj xkarc q}m* vceaifcja larva mi mj xblc* mexrmifa mj w}mjc* fm|axarmlbmifc aj x}ivc fm ja wb|va)

Aj xclc vbmexc* Nmea rmlboa rm|x}m|va)M|vm dmldc em jc rmgbrb mj xafrm Nmrei mi ja eb|ea daobvalbi miq}m daoa |}lmfbfc* aafbmifc i}emrc|c| xcremicrm|18=)

Xmrc ic |jc |} inmj* vaeobi mj inmj fmj xafrm Nmrei jm dala fmlarvmrc) Agbrea; Fm|maoa amr m|lrbobrjm))) Ja larva ja dm lci|bniafc mieaic| fm |} inmj l}|vcfbc* q}m em da xrcemvbfc jjmwr|mja) Dana }|vmf jceb|ec a| ic na|va fbimrc) Q} o}mic m| |} inmj!187

Mj xafrm Nmrei jm m|lrboa a Nmea; Da| wb|vc a eb inmj3 Vm jc

eaifc e} a emi}fc* jc eb|ec fm fa q}m fm icldm))) Mj inmj vm |bn}mlcnbmifc |bmexrm ja| larva|3 Vcfa| l}aiva| da|va adcra da vceafc ja| dmrmlbobfc vcfc l}aivc em da| m|lrbvc jc dm mivmifbfc18>)

Mi }ia cla|bi* Nmea jm m|lrbom; \} inmj ic q}bmrm a ja| larva|)Vmia fc|* xmrc em ja| fmka fcifm ja| xcinc) Ic ja| q}bmrm }|vmf3 \bn}mm|vaifc migafafc lciebnc3 \mr o}mia* fmkm q}m em ja| rmlcka) Ic vminc}i livbec) \b jm xarmlm* fbna a |} inmj q}m ja| lcka184)

Mj xafrm Nmrei vmia lavajcnafa| ja| larva| rmlbobfa| xcr emfbc fmjinmj lcec larva| ainjbla|)

]i fa* Nmea m|lrbob }ia larva m|vaifc mi tva|b|) A| |m jc fblm ajxafrm Nmrei; Ebmivra| m|lrboa m|va larva* mi m|xmlbaj m|v xnbia jaaivmrbcr a |va* ja laom{a |m em da bfc warba| wmlm|) Mivbmifm3182 R mjxafrm Nmrei jm m|lrboa a ja |mcra Lmlbjba; _mlbo ja larva fmj inmj

18= bo) x) 178)187 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj 16 fm |mvbmeorm fm 1288)18> Larva fmj xafrm Nmrei a Nmea fm fblbmeorm fm 1288)184 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj 11 fm clv}orm fm 1288)182 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj ?7 fm mimrc fm 1281)


38/46

m|lrbva mi tva|b|) Q} dmrec|a xnbia wc a dalmr lci mjja aj m|lrbobr |}Wbfa! Ja larva xa|aoa xcr xcq}bvc fm jc| 1= nraec|* xmrc mj inmj x}|cfc| |mjjc| $m|vaexbjja|") A xrcx|bvc fm jc| |mjjc|* xrcl}rm q}m }|m xaxmj |corm| e| jbnmrc| xara ic wmr|m cojbnafa a a}emivar mj graiq}mc) Ic em

cxcinc a q}m* dalbmifc lcec }|vmf fbkc* |m fmkm q}m ja| larva| |maivceafa| xcr mj inmj118)

Cvrc fa* ja larva q}m daoa vceafc mj inmj* |m ja fmwcjwb) M|valarva ja m|lrbob mj 18 fm clv}orm fm 1288) Ja |mcra Lmlbjba jm m|lrboa ajxafrm Nmrei; Mj ebrlcjm| xcr ja varfm fbc }ia larva aj inmj xara q}m jajjmwa|m a }|vmf) Mj inmj ja vce* xmrc j}mnc ja fmwcjwb* xcrq}m fbkc q}m}|vmf ic q}mra) R fbkc q}m* |b }|vmf ic m|v fm al}mrfc* ic ja| wcjwmr alcnmr111)

Jc lbmrvc earawbjjc|c m| q}m ja| larva| miwbafa| aj xafrm Nmreixcr emfbc fmj inmj g}mrci e}lda|) A| jc fblm mjja eb|ea; Fm eb inmjdaor rmlbobfc }i ecivi fm larva|) Fm|vraja|* xcrq}m ib c eb|ea | jcq}m |ci |jc wajmi xara dalmrjm bilcecfar a }|vmf11?)

MJ INMJ R JA\ AJEA\ FMJ X]_NAVC_BC

Nmea* lcec vcfc| jc| |aivc|* vaeobi v}wc e}lda fmwclbi aecra ja| ajea| fmj x}rnavcrbc) _m{aoa xcr mjja| fm|fm kcwmilbva* x}m| fblm |}va Mjb|a Najnaib q}m* f}raivm |}| walalbcim| mi Laeabcrm* |m jm wma br ajlmemivmrbc xa|ar jarna| dcra|* rm{aifc xcr ja| ajea|11


39/46

xmq}mc |}grbebmivc ja| ajbwba) L}ivc |}grmi m|va| ajea|! Q}bmrm| dalmrajnc m|va icldm xcr mjja|3 Q}bmrm| |}grbr3116)

Cvrc fa mj inmj jm fbkc q}m Km|| q}mra q}m |}grbmra m|a icldm }ia|fc| dcra| xcr }i ajea fmj x}rnavcrbc))) \}gr fm dmldc fc| dcra| lcec

q}mra Km|| xcr ja Eafrm Eara Vmrm|a11=

)Mi }ia fm |}| axarblbcim|* Km|| jm rmwmja ja| ain}|vba| fm ja rmjbnbc|axa|bcib|va Eafrm Kc|mga* xcrq}m vmia mi la|a a |cr Eara Vmrm|a q}mm|vaoa e} migmrea) Km|| jm rmwmj q}m* fmivrc fm xclc vbmexc* ecrbram|va dmreaia) R fblm; ]i wbmrim| em xarmlb q}m Km|| em fmla; Nmea*ja E) Vmrm|a m|v mi mj x}rnavcrbc* r}mna xcr mjja* x}m| |}grm e}ldc)L}aifc jc c* ic q}mra lrmmr q}m g}mra mjja))) Mj inmj fm eb n}arfa emfbkc q}m da|va ja e| eibea lc|a q}m xafmlbm|m ja cgrmlbm|m xcr ja| ajea|

fmj x}rnavcrbc* mi m|xmlbaj xcr mjja) A| jc dblm) ]i k}mwm| em db{c Km|||}grbr fc| dcra| e| xcr mjja* fblbifcem q}m daoa ajbwbafc |}| xmia|)))Rc xmi| q}m mj fa $fm ja A|}ilbi fm Eara" Km|| |m ja jjmwara lci|bnc)\mrai ja| i}mwm fm ja eaaia em xarmlb q}m em faoai |corm mj dceorc$}i ncjxmlbvc" wb lmrla fm e }ia xmr|cia wm|vbfa fm ojailc) Q} ebmfc|miv! Em xrmn}iv;

Em lciclm|3 Rc |c ja E) Vmrm|a) Wminc a farvm nralba| xcrmj obmi q}m em da| dmldc xcr mj bivmr| q}m vm da| vceafc

xara q}m l}aivc aivm| x}fbmra mivrar mi mj xara|c) \bn}mdalbifcjc a|) ]ic| l}aivc| fa| e| |mr gmjb{ mvmriaemivm)

Ic em fbkc e| fm|axarmlb)

Fm|fm m|a dcra* rmfcoj lci mj etbec mexmc eb| xcorm|cralbcim|) Amr xcr ja eaaia* fm|x}| fm ja |anrafa lce}ibi* Km|| emfbkc q}m dc* a emfbaicldm* wcjwmra aj lbmjc)

Em daoa xrcemvbfc Km|| q}m em fara }ia |maj) Mra a ja

emfbaicldm iafa) A ja emfba* em xarmlb q}m ja Wbrnmi wmia aawb|arem* fblbifcem q}m ja dcra |m almrlaoa) Fm|x}| fm }ic| bi|vaivm|*wb wmibr a ja E) Kc|mga alcexaafa fm |} inmj l}|vcfbc) M|vaoa wm|vbfa fmxa|bcib|va) Em fbkc q}m |} x}rnavcrbc daoa vmrebiafc |m boa aj lbmjc)))\cirma ic x}mfm gbn}rar|m jc k}objc|a q}m boa) G}mrci a rmlcnmrja Km|| |} inmj fm ja n}arfa) Aj vcearja Km||* fbkc; Wmi* cd ajea* q}m em da||bfc vai q}mrbfa) R |m ja jjmw117)

116 Fbarbc fmj 7 fm anc|vc fm 1288)11= Fbarbc fmj 2 fm anc|vc fm 1288)117 Larva a Eci|mcr Wcjxb fmj 12 fm anc|vc fm 1288)


40/46

FBWM_\C\ \M_WBLBC\

G}mrci e}ldc| jc| |mrwblbc| q}m mj inmj fm Nmea jm dala) Jm dalarm{ar lci j ja alcexaaoa rm{aifc mj Cgblbc fbwbic ajn}ia| wmlm|* aj

bn}aj q}m mj wmimraojm Naorbmj fm ja Fcjcrc|a) Vaeobi ja l}bfaoa* l}aifcm|vaoa migmrea) Jm faoa xjvbla| m|xbrbv}ajm| lcec jm fblm aj xafrmNmrei; Mj inmj em fbrbnb }ia dmrec|a xjvbla * fm|x}|* |m g}m11>) Mi}ia cla|bi* jm daoj |corm mj eb|vmrbc fm ja Milarialbi)

Mjja m|lrbom; Ja eaaia fmj ?= fm ear{c fm 1281* Km|| |m db{c |mivbra eb ajea e| fm jc alc|v}eorafc) Dalba emfbcfa* |bmivc q}m em vcla ebinmj mi ja m|xajfa em fblm; Nmea* wminc fm xarvm fm Km|| xaral}exjbr |} xrcem|a) \c v} inmj l}|vcfbc eaifafc xcr Fbc|) Wminc a

dalmrvm mivmifmr }i eb|vmrbc eacr q}m jc| cvrc| eb|vmrbc|114)Cvra| wmlm| jm fblvaoa ja| larva|* |mni mjja eb|ea fblm; A \mragbia

xrcl}rar m|lrbobrjm aj emic| }ia jima) A E) Kc|mga jm m|lrbobr xrcivc* xmrc vminc q}m m|xmrar a q}m wmina mj inmj fm ja n}arfa q}bmrafblvremja* xcrq}m c ic | q} fmlbr112)

Mj inmj jm a}f mi ja rmfallbi fm ja A}vcobcnraga) Fblm; Rcq}mra rmfalvar |milbjjaemivm ja lcigm|bi nmimraj fm eb| xmlafc| |biaafbr e|* xmrc eb inmj em da rmbfc* fblbifcem q}m comfm{la rmfalvm }i lcexmifbc fm l}aivc da |}lmfbfc mi eb wbfa* vaivc o}mic lceceajc))) Mj inmj em da xrcemvbfc q}m em a}far xara q}m em al}mrfm fmvcfc))) Dm jjcrafc* aj vmimr q}m dalmr m|vc* xmrc mj inmj em da xrcemvbfca}farem1?8)

\} inmj jm fa lci|mkc| xcr m|lrbvc; Mj inmj fm ja n}arfa m|vaoa e}lcivmivc) Em fbkc q}m vcea|m xaxmj m|lrbobmra jc q}m j em fblvara) Dmjcaq} vcfc; _ml}mrfa* dbka ea* q}m q}bmi aea a Km|| daoja xclc |}grm

e}ldc) Vm eaifc* fm xarvm fm Km||* q}m ic fbna| i}ila v} xarmlmr |b icmrm| xrmn}ivafa q}m ic eaivmina| v} lrbvmrbc* |bic q}m lmfa| mi|mn}bfa)

Comfmlm x}iv}ajemivm aj lcigm|cr a q}bmi j q}bmra |bi rmxjblar mija| lc|a| q}m m| fmobfc* lcivivavm lci }ia rxjbla |cja | |bilmra lcivcfc|)

11> Larva aj xafrm Nmrei fmj < fm ear{c fm 1281)114

M|va|b* Fbarbc* A}vcobcnraga* |lrbvvb warb fb |aiva Nmeea Najnaib* Mf)Xc|v}ja{bcim nmimrajm fmj Xa||bcib|vb _cea 122>* xx) ?26%


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L}aifc daa| lcemvbfc ajn}ia gajva* al|avm mi|mn}bfa |bi m|xmrar aq}m vm jc xbfai) Al}rfavm fm ecrvbgblar jc| ckc| xbmi|a q}m mj ckcecrvbgblafc wmr ja dmrec|}ra fmj lbmjc))) G}b a lce}jnar)))* ajjmwaivarem* wb aj inmj fm ja n}arfa q}m m|vaoa a eb jafc lci ja| aja|

mtvmifbfa|) j eb|ec em alcexa da|va ja la|a

1?1

)L}aifc vmia 14 ac|* |} xafrm jm rb mjja cr a Km||) Aicva; Icrml}mrfc ja| xajaora| q}m mivcilm| fbkm* xmrc aq} m|v eb inmj q}m em ja|wa fblbmifc xajaora xcr xajaora; Q}bmrc |mn}brvm em l}m|vm jc q}m eml}m|vm* q}bmrc |mn}brvm lci gmrwcr) Ic* Km||* ic q}bmrc fb|n}|varvm e|lci eb corar vbobc fm da|va adcra) Xrcxcinc* x}m|* cralbi e| fmwcva*lce}ibi e| grml}mivm* xafmlmr xafmlmr e}ldc xcr vb* cd Km||) Vmifrja cralbi |bmexrm mi jc| jaobc|1??)

Vaeobi ja aibea a rm{ar |}grbr xcr jc| xmlafcrm|) M|lrbom; Emfmla amr mj inmj l}|vcfbc em jc da rmxmvbfc vaeobi m|va icldm e}agjbnbfc; \b wbmra| jc q}m |}grm Km||! \b jc wbmra|! Rc mivcilm| emaxmi))) Jm xrmn}iv xcr q} Km|| |}gra vaivc em rm|xcifb; \cie}ldc| jc| xmlafc|1?


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ebraoa! Aj vbmexc fm earldar $fm jc q}m em fb l}miva* xcrq}m |m almrl em om| mi ja grmivm"* jm rcn} q}m ic em aoaifcia|m vcfawa* a jc q}m jfbkc; Vminc q}m brem) Em ebr xcr jvbea wm{ fbkc; Ic q}bmrc q}mdaojm| e| lci ja| lrbav}ra|; l}aifc q}bmra| daojar* daoja lci Km|| lci

v} inmj

1?7

)Mj cvrc fa* eb dmreaic lcemi{ a oja|gmear* xcrq}m ic jm anrafaoaja lcebfa oja|gme e}ldc) Em db{c }i xclc eaj* m|vaoa xarafm|eaarem* l}aifc mj inmj fm ja n}arfa em fbkc; Ic q}bmrc q}mecjm|vm|) Em db{c axcar ja laom{a mi |} dceorc em |c|v}wc1?>)

L}iva| e}m|vra| fm larbc fmj inmj! Q} dmrec|a m|lmia ja fmjinmj aora{aifc a Nmea* q}m axca |} laom{a mi |} dceorc!

A |} inmj jm daojaoa lcec |m daoja a }i aebnc) A emi}fc jm faoa

milarnc| xara jc| xcojafcrm| fmj lbmjc vaeobi xara jc| fm ja vbmrra))) \bebmivra| fmxarva lci j mra jjaeafa c vmia xrmlb|bi fm l}exjbr ajn}ic fm|}| fmomrm|* |m jmwaivaoa biemfbavaemivm * |bi dalmr mj emicr l}exjbfc*lcrra xrm|}rc|a a l}exjbr |} cojbnalbi* fmkaifc aj inmj m|xmraifc) Xcrja icldm* jm fmla aj alc|var|m q}m ja omifbkmra ja |bnia|m mi ja grmivm wmja|m a |} laomlmra) Xcr ja eaaia* aj fm|xmrvar* a}iq}m wbm|m a |} gbmjl}|vcfbc mi mj eb|ec x}m|vc* xclc c iafa jm fmla* xcrq}m m|vaoa ai|bc|afm wcjar a ja bnjm|ba xara lce}jnar))) L}aifc mj inmj |m fm|xmfa fm

Nmea* mjja* lci nralba bimgaojm* |cja fmlbrjm; Afb|* q}mrbfc inmj*|aj}fa a Km|| fm eb xarvm1?4)

Mj xafrm Nmrei eaibgbm|va; Lci mj inmj }|aoa fm vaj gaebjbarbfafq}m |jc afebvm lcexaralbi lci ja q}m mj arlinmj _agamj eaivmia lcimj kcwmi Vcoa|; Fbem* inmj ec* q} vmia mj lcigm|cr m|va eaaia q}mm|vaoa vai |mrbc ic em q}b|c m|l}ldar3 L}ifc em lcivm|var mj xafrmfm|fm _cea ja larva q}m jm m|lrbo* xrmn}ivifcjm lec fmoa lcif}lbremmi vaj lc|a3 R mj xmlafcr xcr q}bmi em bivmrm|c* inmj ec* l}ifc em jc

lciwmrvbr Km||3 Q} fmoc fmlbr a m|a xmr|cia q}m em da xmfbfclci|mkc3 R fm e* q} cxbia|3 M|v lcivmivc Km||3 Q} dm fm dalmrxara vmimrjc lcivmivc3))) Vminc vai ao}ifaivm eavmrba |corm mj xarvbl}jarq}m |m xcfra lci mjjc m|lrbobr }i wcj}ebic|c jborc1?2)

1?7 Larva aj xafrm Nmrei dalba mj ?8 fm k}jbc fm 128?)

1?> Larva a Eci|mcr Wcjxb fmj |mvbmeorm fm 1288)1?4 Nmrei fm |ai M|vaib|jac* c)l)* x) 111)1?2 Nmrei fm |ai M|vaib|jac* c)l)* xx) 1=>%1=4)

6?


43/46

AICVALBCIM\

_majemivm m| e} dmrec|c co|mrwar ja lcigbai{a q}m Nmea vmialci |} inmj lci mj fmj xafrm Nmrei) Mjja wbwb xmr|ciajemivm ja

rmajbfaf fm ja mtb|vmilba fmj inmj l}|vcfbc* q}m vaivc| vravai fm imnar* ic| daoja xcr mtxmrbmilba fm m|va wmrfaf fm i}m|vra gm)

Wmec| a |} inmj q}m ja fm|xbmrva xcr ja eaaia jm fa ja omifblbivcfa| ja| icldm|) Q}m ja la|vbna* l}aifc ic comfmlm ja| rfmim| fmjlcigm|cr q}m m| |} n}a eam|vrc mi vcfc) Jm fa xjvbla| m|xbrbv}ajm|* jaalcexaa a wmlm| wb|bojmemivm a lce}jnar) Ja l}ra mi ecemivc| fmmigmremfaf* ja alarblba lcec }i aebnc aecrc|c da|va jm xrmxara }iava{a fm lag xara farjm ja |aj}f)

Jjcra rm lci mjja* ja aibea a rm{ar xcr jc| xmlafcrm|* a cgrmlmr |}||}grbebmivc| xara lci|cjar a Km|| rmxarar xcr vaivc| xmlafc| fmj e}ifcmivmrc) Ja n}a lcivbi}aemivm xcr mj laebic fm ja comfbmilba* q}m m| mjlaebic fm ja |mn}rbfaf* a}iq}m vmina q}m m|l}xbr a Km|| c a |} inmj ceaifar earldar a Km||* xara comfmlmr aj lcigm|cr)

Mj fbaojc ja avala lcivbi}aemivm lci vmivalbcim| fm vcfa lja|m lciaxarblbcim| dcrrcrc|a| da|va jm xrcxbia o}mic| ncjxm|) Xmrc mjja vcfc jccgrmlm xcr aecr a Km||) Ja Wbrnmi Eara |m jm axarmlm ja lci|}mja lcigrml}milba* lcec o}mia eafrm* jc eb|ec |} dmreaic m|xbrbv}aj mjwmimraojm Naorbmj fm ja Fcjcrc|a* q}m k}ivc lci |ai Xaojc fm ja lr}{$g}ifafcr fm jc| xa|bcib|va|" dalmi d}br aj fbaojc mi fb|vbiva| cla|bcim|)

\aiva Nmea fm|m |mr xa|bcib|va* lcec Km|| q}mra* xmrc |}lcigm|cr* Eci|mcr K}ai Wcjxb* f}faoa q}m |}| gmiemic| g}mrai fm Fbc| ic db{c iafa aj rm|xmlvc) Mj eb|ec xafrm Nmrei ic db{c vcfc jc q}mfmoa * xcr m|c* Km|| |m ja jjmw aj lbmjc a jc| ?= ac|) Fm|x}| fm |}

e}mrvm* vcfc| lrmmrci mi |} |aivbfaf aj wmr jc| xrcfbnbc| q}m Fbc|* coraoaxcr emfbc fm mjja |m fmlbfbmrci a dalmr rmajbfaf mj fm|mc fm Km||; g}ifar}i lciwmivc fm xa|bcib|va| mi ja eb|ea lb}faf fm Nmea; J}la) Nmeae}rb mi 128< mi 128= jjmnarci a J}la fc| rmjbnbc|a| fm Lcrimvc xaradalmr ja g}ifalbi)

Mi 12?? afq}brbmrci }i vmrrmic) Mi 12


44/46

Ja Bnjm|ba* fm|x}| fm axrcoar jc| fc| ebjanrc| mtbnbfc| xara lafamvaxa* omavbgbl a Nmea mi ja oa|jbla wavblaia mj 16 fm eac fm 12


45/46

LCILJ]\BI

Fm|x}| fm daomr jmfc ajn}ia| fm ja| earawbjja| q}m Fbc| db{c mi ja

wbfa fm |aiva Nmea xcr emfbc fm |} inmj* xcfmec| fmlbr q}m Fbc| m| }iXafrm aecrc|c q}m da milcemifafc i}m|vra l}|vcfba a }i inmj xrcvmlvcr*n}a eam|vrc) j ic| fmgbmifm* ic| xrcvmnm* ic| mi|ma ic| aea lcivmri}ra m|xmlbaj) \m ajmnra lci ic|cvrc| jjcra xcr i}m|vrc| xmlafc|) Ic|dalm vcfa lja|m fm |mrwblbc| ic| alcexaa mi vcfc ecemivc* a}iq}m icjc wmaec|)

Xcfmec| xmfbrjm a}fa mi l}ajq}bmr lbrl}i|vailba |m |mivbr gmjb{fm xcfmr a}faric|* xmrc jc vrb|vm m| q}m xcfmec| xmrfmr e}lda|omifblbcim| fm Fbc| xcr emfbc fmj inmj xcr ic xmfbrja|)

Ajnc e} rmlcemifafc m| xcimrjm }i iceorm aj inmj xara vravarjclci e| gaebjbarbfaf m biwclarjc lci|vaivmemivm) M| o}mic biwclarvaeobi aj inmj fm ja| xmr|cia| fm i}m|vra gaebjba c fm ja| xmr|cia| lciq}bmim| wbwbec| c ic| lce}iblaec| grml}mivmemivm)

Ic cjwbfmec| q}m mj inmj rm{a xcr ic|cvrc| q}m* |b v}wbraec|ebjjcim| fm inmjm| q}m rm{arai xcr ic|cvrc|* |mra }ia g}mivm biemi|a fm

omifblbcim|) Xcr mjjc* |m rmlcebmifa dalmr }i xalvc fm }ibi aecr lcii}m|vrc inmj lci vcfc| jc| inmjm|* m|xmlbajemivm lci jc| inmjm| fm jc||anrarbc|* q}m afcrai alcexaai a Km|| M}larb|va* xara q}m |maec| |}|aebnc| fm wmrfaf)

\mr aebnc| fm i}m|vrc inmj fm vcfc| jc| inmjm| m| }i o}mi emfbcxara laebiar rxbfaemivm mi mj laebic fm Fbc|) R* aj bn}aj q}m aeaec| ajc| inmjm|* aemec| a jc| |aivc| m biwcq}mec| mi m|xmlbaj aj |aivc fmlafa fa) A|* mi }ibi lci Km|| Eara fm vcfc| jc| |aivc| inmjm|*

laebiarmec| e| axrb|a dalba ja |aivbfaf)Jm| fm|mc jc emkcr; q}m |mai |aivc|) \aj}fc| fm eb inmj |aj}fc| a

|} inmj)\} dmreaic aebnc fmj Xmr

inmj Xma C)A)_)

Xarrcq}ba Ja Larbfaf

X}mojc Jborm

JBEA XM_6=


46/46

OBOJBCN_AGA

Oa|bjbc fm |ai Xaojc* Wbfa fm |aiva Nmea Najnaib* Mf) Axc|vcjafc fm ja

xrmi|a* Eafrbf* 12>)

Nmrei fm |ai M|vaib|jac Oa|bjbc fm |ai Xaojc* \aiva Nmea Najnaib*Mf) Xajaora* Eafrbf* 122>)

Nmrei fm |ai M|vaib|jac* Wbfa fm |aiva Nmea Najnaib* Mf) Jbvrnblam|xacja* Oarlmjcia* 1262)

Nm|}ajfa fmjjc \xbrbvc |aivc* \aiva Nmea Najnaib* Mf) Xba |clbmfaf fm|ai Xaojc* Eafrbf* 126)

X f j v jbo f j v

sanga gema galgani y su ángel custodio

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