Reporting GHGs emissions by sources and removals by sinks under the

UNFCCC: GHG inventories

M. J. SanzREMEDIA Workshop, 8-9 March 2012, Bilbao

The global portafolios of measures need to be scale down to regions, countries and sub-national levels….

The global estimates integrate or average regional, national and subnational estimates of GHGs….

Measurements

GroundInventories

Sofisticated measurements

PrecisionPrecision

COST- +

Example for a sectorModels

Methodological Tiers1 3

How we are monitoring?

Coparative estimations

Example

How we are monitoring?

Simulation - Models

Denning et al 2010

Example

How we are monitoring?

Details inventory cycle – UNFCCC

In 1999 the COP decided that:

•All Annex I Parties were required to report an inventory

annually, using the ‘Common Reporting Format’

•The reviews were also strengthened and had to be conducted

under the collective responsibility of a team of experts nominated

by Parties and coordinated by the UNFCCC secretariat.

For the two-year trial period (2000–01) the new review procedures were voluntary

but from 2003 they became mandatory.

Annex I must use ‘Revised 1996 IPCC guidelines’ and are also encouraged to apply

IPCC’s ‘Good practice guidance and uncertainty management in national GHG

inventories’

Details inventory cycle – UNFCCC

Non-Annex I Parties should use the ‘Revised 1996 IPCC

guidelines’ and are also encouraged to apply IPCC’s ‘Good

practice guidance and uncertainty management in national GHG

inventories’ – and should include an analysis of key sources

along with estimates of uncertainties.

Countries should provide estimates on a gas-by-gas basis for

carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, though they are also

encouraged to provide information on fluorinated gases as well as

on precursor gases such as carbon monoxide, non-methane

volatile compounds, and other oxides of nitrogen. They can also

include other gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol, such

as oxides of sulphur.

1. ENERGY

2. INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES

3. SOLVENTS AND OTHER PRODUCTS

4. AGRICULTURE

5. LAND USE, LAND USE CHANGE AND FOREST

6. WASTE

7. OTHERS

UNFCCC Inventories organized by sectors

“IPCC TFI” provide metodological guidelines and guidance:

• “Rev. 1996 GL”• “2000 Uncert. GL” •“2003 GPG LULUCF”

SECTORS / rev 96 GL and 2003 LULUCF GPG

2006 GL

How we are monitoring and reporting?

IPCC Guidelines and Guidance

Inventory agencies, when preparing the national greenhouse gas inventory for the LULUCF Sector for annual reporting

under the UNFCCC, should follow steps:

1. Use the approaches in Chapter 2 (Basis for Consistent Representation of Land Areas), singly or in combination, to

estimate land areas for each land-use category relevant to the country. For each land-use category, inventory agencies

should complement the advice in Chapter 2 with the more detailed guidance in Chapters 3 and 4 on the preparation of

specific emission and removal estimates and, if relevant, the reporting on the activities under the Kyoto Protocol.

2. Follow the good practice guidance in Chapter 3 (LUCF Sector Good Practice Guidance) to estimate the emissions and

removals of greenhouse gases for each land use, land-use change and pool relevant to the country. The decision trees in

this chapter guide choices of method in terms of tiers. The tier structure used in the IPCC Guidelines (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier

3) is hierarchical, with higher tiers implying increased accuracy of the method and/or emissions factor and other parameters

used in the estimation of the emissions and removals. Key categories should be identified following the guidance in Chapter

5 and the results taken into account in the application of the decision trees.

3. If necessary, in some cases, collect additional data (if required to implement a particular tier) to improve emission factors,

other parameters and activity data.

4. Estimate uncertainties at the 95% confidence level, using sectoral advice and the detailed guidance in Chapter 5.

5. Report the emissions and removals in the reporting tables provided in Chapter 3 Annex 3A.2 taking into account any

modifications by SBSTA15 and any additional information as specified under each category.

6. Implement QA/QC procedures as described in the generic guidance in Chapter 5 and specific advice under each

category, including documentation and archiving of the information used to produce the national emission and removal

estimates.

IPCC Guidelines and Guidance

Inventory agencies, when preparing the supplementary information for annual reporting of carbon stock changes and

emissions and removals of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the activities under Article 3.3 and Article 3.4 of the Kyoto

Protocol, should additionally:

7. Assess the extent to which the data assembled for the existing national inventory (following steps 1 to 6 above) can meet

the supplementary data requirements set out in the supplementary guidance provided in Chapter 4 of this report, taking into

account national choices on definitions and activities elected under Article 3.4, and the requirements in geographical location.

8. Following this assessment collect or collate any additional information necessary to meet the supplementary data

requirements, using the advice in Chapter 4 and the references it contains to other Chapters.

9. Follow the advice in Chapter 4 on reporting and documentation when providing the supplementary information in the

national inventory report.

SUBMISSIONS BY PARTIES

National Inventory Report (NIR)

Common Reporting Format tables (CRF)Tablas que contienen las estimaciones para cada categoria

¡Both mandatory for the Annex I!

How we are reporting?

GHGs inventory cycle – UNFCCC/KPCountry X

IPCC Rev. 96GLGPG & UM 2000

2003 GPG LULUCF

IPCC Rev. 96GLGPG & UM 2000

2003 GPG LULUCF

GHGs National InventoryYear Y

GHGs National InventoryYear Y

Country X

GL For

reporting

GL For

reporting

NIRCRF tablessubmissionUNFCCC Secretariat

COPPublic information

Review process(ERTs)

Inventory Review Report(recommendations and adjustments)

How we are reporting?

Details inventory cycle – UNFCCC

Details inventory cycle – UNFCCCCountry

Details inventory cycle – UNFCCC

Inventories are tools……

• To track emissions by sources and removals by sinks.

• To track progress on the implementation of policies and measures to mitigate climate change (mitigation portafolios).

• That can be used at different scales.

Inventories need to be….• Consistent in their time series. • Transparent in their estimates.• Comparable.• Complete.• Accurate, not overestimate or underestimate.

• Spatially consistent at different scales.• If used for compliance purposes, conservative in their estimates.

• And constructed in a cost effective way.

Inventory linkages with overall production cycles….

• Inventories are compiled and reported by categories within sectors.

• Policies and measures aim to reduce emissions and enhance sinks.

• Ground actors, producers and consumers, require information about the associated net emissions related to their activities (overall cycle emissions and food prints).

• Linking inventories with such information it will be necessary in the future.

Gracias por su atención