sarcocystis rare human infection heteroxenous parasite predator-prey life cycle humans support both...
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Sarcocystis• rare human infection• heteroxenous parasite• predator-prey life cycle• humans support both stages
• originally identified as 2 species• intestine ~ Isospora• tissue ~ Sarcocystis
• taxonomic confusion• generally named after host species• Sarcocystis bovihominis• Sarcocystis suihominis
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Intestinal Disease
• ingest undercooked meat• transient mild to
severe diarrhea• excrete sporulated
sporocysts• 13x10 m• 4 sporozoites
Sarcocystis canis
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Muscle Disease
• ingest sporocysts (sporadic reports)• develop sarcocysts• several 100 m• compartments• sometimes thick
striated wall• muscle tenderness• episodic inflammation
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Babesia•common tick-borne parasite of domestic and wild animals• rare zoonotic human infection•clinical disease: asymptomatic to fatal•more severe in splenectomized persons or elderly
•symptoms•gradual onset of fever, chills, sweating, myalgia, fatigue•moderate to severe hemolytic anemia
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Human Babesiosis• majority of cases associated with 2 species:
B. microti and B. divergens
B. microti B. divergens Location United States Europe Reservoir field mice, voles cattle, ruminents Vector Ixodes dammiini Ixodes ricinus Cases ~300 ~30 Fatality 5% 50%
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Babesia microti
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BabesiosisDiagnosis•parasite in thin or thick blood smear•no travel history•serology• lack of response to anti-malarials
Treatment•no generally effective drugs•clindamycin + quinine•pentamidine has also been used•blood transfusions for severe anemia
Control•avoid tick bites