saso - punto focal · saso . draft for update of saudi standard . no. ٤٦٦/٢٠٠٩. electric...

KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA

SAUDI STANDARDS, METROLOGY AND QUALITY ORG

SASO

DRAFT FOR UPDATE OF SAUDI STANDARD

No. ٤٦٦/٢٠٠٩

ELECTRIC LIFTS FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS

- PART ١: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT SAUDI STANDARD CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT. IT IS, THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS A SAUDI STANDARD UNTIL APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

ELECTRIC LIFTS FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS - PART ١: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

ICS:

Date of GSMO Board of Directors' Approval : Date of Publication in the Official Gazette : Date of Enforcement of this Standard :

SAUDI STANDARD SASO ٤٦٦/٢٠٠٩

ELECTRIC LIFTS FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS - PART ١: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

١- SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION This standard is concerned with the general requirements for electric lifts for

passengers and/or goods.

٢- COMPLEMENTARY REFERENCES ٢٫١ SASO. No. ٢٠١/١٩٩٤ “Steel Wire Ropes for Electric Lifts”.

٢٫٢ SASO. No ٤٦٧/٢٠٠٣ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٢: Safety Requirements”.

٢٫٣ SASO. No. ٤٦٨/٢٠٠٣ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٣: Erection Requirements”.

٢٫٤ SASO. No. ٤٨١/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٤: Methods of Testing Safety Measures for Electrical Installations of Lifts”.

٢٫٥ SASO. No. ٤٨٢/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٥: Safety Measures for Electrical Installations of Lifts”.

٢٫٦ SASO. No. ٤٩٠/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٦: Acceptance, Inspection and Tests After Installation in a Building”.

٢٫٧ SASO. No. ٢٥٥/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٧: Periodic Inspections and Tests”.

٢٫٨ SASO. No. ٤٩١/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٨: Requirements for Periodic Maintenance”.

٢٫٩ SASO. No. ٦١٠/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٩: Methods of Testing Single-Speed Polyphase Induction Motors for Driving Lifts”.

٢٫١٠ SASO. No. ٦١١/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ١٠: Single-Speed Polyphase Induction Motors for Driving Lifts”.

٢٫١١ SASO. No. ٩٧٨/١٩٩٧ “Electric/Hydraulic Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ١١: Installation Procedure, Periodic Inspection and Approval of Inspection Body”.

٣- DEFINITIONS ٣٫١ Lift: An equipment serving defined landing levels, consisting of a car, running

between vertical guides or guides whose inclination to the vertical is less than ١٥o.

٣٫٢ Lift car: A part of the lift which carries the passengers and/or goods.

٣٫٣ Guides: The rails which provide guiding for the car or the counterweight.

١


٣٫٤ Lift well: The space, in which the car and the counterweight (if there is one) travels. It is bounded by the bottom of the pit, the walls and the roof of the well.

٣٫٥ Pit: The part of the well situated below the lowest landing level served by the car.

٣٫٦ Landing: That part of the floor structure or building where loading and unloading takes place.

٣٫٧ Counterweight: A weight or a series of weights, serving to counterbalance the weight of the car together with a part of the rated load.

٣٫٨ Rated load: The load which the lift car has been designed to carry during normal operation.

٣٫٩ Machine room: A room in which the lift machine and associated equipment are housed.

٣٫١٠ Lift machine: The unit, including the motor, which drives and stops the lift car.

٣٫١١ Over-speed governor: A device which automatically actuates safety devices to stop the lift car in the event that the lift exceeds a predetermined speed.

٣٫١٢ Toe guard: An apron having a smooth vertical part extending downwards from the sill of the landing or car entrance.

٣٫١٣ Electro-mechanical interlock: A device which combines in one unit an electric door contact and a mechanical lock, the operation of one being dependent on the other.

٣٫١٤ Levelling adjustment: An operation of adjusting accurate stopping position of the car floor at the landing.

٣٫١٥ Safety gear: A mechanical device, for stopping, and maintaining the lift car or counterweight stationary in the guides, in case of excess speed of the lift car in the downward direction, or the breaking of the suspension means.

٣٫١٦ Guide shoes: Attachments to the car frame or counterweight frame for the purpose of guiding the movement of the car or counterweight in the guides.

٣٫١٧ Sheave: A wheel, with grooves in the rim to receive the suspension ropes passing over it.

٣٫١٨ Normal terminals stopping device: A device or devices arranged to bring the lift car to rest automatically, at or near the terminal landing, independently of the functioning of the car operating device.

٣٫١٩ Rated speed: The speed of the lift car at which the lift has been designed to operate during normal operation.

٣٫٢٠ Progressive safety gear: A safety gear in which deceleration is effected by a braking action on the guides and for which special provisions are made so as to limit the forces on the suspended part to a permissible value.

٣٫٢١ Floor-stopping device: A device or combination of devices arranged to bring the car to rest automatically at the landing floor.

٢


٣٫٢٢ Final-limit switch: An emergency switch arranged to stop the lift car automatically, in the event of the car travelling a predetermined distance beyond a terminal landing.

٣٫٢٣ Buffer: A resilient stop at the end of travel of the lift for absorbing the impact of the car or counterweight.

٣٫٢٤ Car frame (Sling): The metal framework, carrying the car or counterweight, connected to the means of suspension. This sling may be integral with the car enclosure.

٣٫٢٥ Traction drive lift: A lift whose suspension ropes are driven by friction in the grooves of the driving sheave of the machine.

٣٫٢٦ Positive drive lift (includes drum drive): A lift suspended by chains or lifting ropes driven by means other than friction.

٤- GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The following shall be met in electric lifts for passengers or goods:

٤٫١ Car ٤٫١٫١ The construction and dimensions of the car shall allow free and easy access of

the user. The car shall be completely enclosed by solid roof, floor and walls free from any cavity that may collect dust, the only authorized openings being as follows:

(a) entrances and exits for normal access of users.

(b) emergency trap doors and side doors.

(c) ventilation apertures.

٤٫١٫٢ The walls, floor and roof shall have sufficient mechanical strength. The assembly comprising the sling, guide shoes, walls, floor and roof of the car shall have sufficient mechanical strength to resist the forces which will be applied in normal lift operation, in safety gear operation or impact of the car to its buffers.

٤٫١٫٣ At least four renewable guide shoes or sets of guide rollers shall be provided, two at the top and two at the bottom of the car frame.

٤٫١٫٤ The interior clear height of the car shall not be less than ٢ m.

٤٫١٫٥ The car shall be well ventilated by using fans mounted on the roof of the car or out of the enclosure and shall be fixed safely in position and operated by electrical supply or by rechargeable battery for at least three (٣) hours (taking into consideration the time required to release the users in case of malfunctioning).

٤٫١٫٦ The car walls shall withstand a thrust of ٣٠٠ N, without elastic deformation greater than ١٥ mm. It shall not be loose or become displaced in ordinary service.

٣


٤٫١٫٧ The car roof shall be able to resist a vertical force of ٢٠٠٠ N, at any position without permanent deformation. It shall be provided with a frame to prevent fall.

٤٫١٫٨ Any glass used for the car shall be of a safety type.

٤٫١٫٩ The car floor shall be provided with a substantial apron of width and depth sufficient to prevent any object from being trapped between the car floor and the landing, while the car is within the levelling zone.

٤٫١٫١٠ The car shall be adequately illuminated during the whole time the lift is available for use. If lighting is of the incandescent type, there shall be at least two lamps connected in parallel. In case if the lift stop for any reason, the light should be on.

٤٫١٫١١ The car shall be provided with an independent emergency lighting to be used at least for one (١) hour in case of power failure.

٤٫١٫١٢ A pin socket-outlet shall be fitted on top of the lift car. A permanent light fitting, suitably protected and with a separate switch, shall also be fitted on top of the lift car.

٤٫٢ Doors ٤٫٢٫١ The doors shall be made of materials which will resist the fire for ٢ to ٤ hours.

٤٫٢٫٢ All landing openings shall be protected by imperforate doors which shall extend the full height and width of the landing opening. The top track of a landing door shall not obstruct the entrances to be lift car.

٤٫٢٫٣ Landing doors shall have a minimum clear height of ٢ m. The clear width shall be not more than ٠٫٠٥ m greater than the car entrance on either side.

٤٫٢٫٤ Suspension elements of vertically sliding landing doors shall be designed with a safety factor of at least ٨. The diameter of rope pulleys shall be at least ٢٥ times the rope diameter.

٤٫٢٫٥ Car entrances shall be provided with doors.

٤٫٢٫٦ The car doors shall be imperforate. But for lifts mainly intended for transporting goods which are generally accompanied by people may use vertically sliding car doors, which may be in mesh perforated panel form in which case the dimensions of the mesh shall not exceed ١٠ mm horizontally and ٦٠ mm vertically.

٤٫٢٫٧ Car doors when closed, shall, but for the required clearance, have the same dimensions as the corresponding car entrance.

In the case of a lift, the use of which is reserved for authorized users, where the height of the car entrance is greater than ٢٫٥ m, the height of the car door may be limited to ٢ m if the following conditions are simultaneously fulfilled:

- The door slides vertically.

- The rated speed of the lift does not exceed ٠٫٦٣ m/s.

٤


٤٫٢٫٨ Vision panels ٤٫٢٫٨٫١ Transparent vision panels shall be fitted in manually operated landing doors

conforming to the following conditions:

- Mechanical strength as specified in item (٤٫٢٫٩).

- Minimum thickness of ٦ mm.

- The minimum area of the vision panel of a single landing door shall be ٠٫٠١٥ m٢. In the case of double doors, the minimum area of the vision panel of each door shall be ٠٫٠١٠ m٢.

- Width of at least ٦٠ mm, and at most ١٥٠ mm.

- The lower edge of vision panels which are wider than ٨٠ mm shall be at least ١ m above floor level.

- If glass is used it shall be of the safety type.

٤٫٢٫٨٫٢ Any vision panels incorporated in car doors shall satisfy the requirements of item (٤٫٢٫٨٫١). Such a vision panel shall be incorporated if one exists in the landing doors. Their positions shall coincide when the car is at the level of the landing. However, this vision panel is not necessary in the car door when the latter is automatic and kept in the open position when the car is stationary at the level of a landing.

٤٫٢٫٩ Both landing doors with their locks and car doors shall withstand, when in the closed position, a force of ٣٠٠ N applied normally at any point; they shall:

- Resist without permanent deformation.

- Resist without elastic deformation greater than ١٥ mm except that in case of lifts without car doors the elastic deformation shall not exceed ٥ mm.

- Operate satisfactorily after such test.

٤٫٢٫١٠ Automatic power-operated, horizontally sliding doors ٤٫٢٫١٠٫١ The effort needed to prevent each landing door and car door from closing shall

not exceed ١٥٠ N. If the door exposed to a force ١٥٠ N or more, it shall open automatically.

٤٫٢٫١٠٫٢ The kinetic energy of each landing door and car door, with its mechanical elements to which it is rigidly connected (calculated or measured at the average closing speed)* shall not exceed ١٠ J.

________________ * The average closing speed of a sliding door is calculated over its whole travel, less:

٢٥ mm at each end of the travel in case of centrally closing doors.

٥٠ mm at each end of the travel in case of side closing doors.

٥


٤٫٢٫١٠٫٣ A protective device shall automatically initiate re-opening of doors in crossing the entrance during the closing movement. This protective device may be on the car door. The effect of the device may be neutralized during the last ٥٠ mm of travel of each door panel. In case of a system which makes the sensitive protective device inoperative after a fixed period of time the kinetic energy defined in item (٤٫٢٫١٠٫٢) shall not exceed ٤ J during movement of the door with the protective device inoperative. During closing an alarm should function to indicate the door closing.

٤٫٢٫١٠٫٤ The closing edges of the door panels shall be provided with rubber and the final movement shall be damped.

٤٫٢٫١١ Controlled power-operated, horizontally sliding doors ٤٫٢٫١١٫١ Power-operated car and landing doors which are not automatically closed, shall

be closed by a continuous pressure button, which shall be mounted on each landing and in the car in a conspicuous position such that the car and landing doors are in direct sight, of the user, during the closing operation. The release of the button shall cause the doors to stop and re-open.

٤٫٢٫١١٫٢ When the kinetic energy calculated or measured as laid down in item (٤٫٢٫١٠٫٢), exceeds ١٠ J, the average closing speed of each panel shall be limited to ٠٫٣ m/s.

٤٫٢٫١٢ Vertically sliding doors This type of sliding door shall only be permitted for lift mainly intended for

transporting loads which are generally accompanied by people, and for non-commercial vehicle lifts. Power closing of this type of doors is permitted if all the following conditions are fulfilled:

- Closing is carried out under the permanent control of the users.

- The average closing speed of the panels is limited to ٠٫٣ m/s.

- The car door is of perforated or mesh panel construction as provided in item (٤٫٢٫٦).

- The car door is at least two thirds closed before the landing door begins to close.

٤٫٢٫١٣ Other types of doors When using other types of landing doors (e.g. hinged) with automatic operation,

where there is a risk when opening or closing of striking the users, precautions similar to those laid down for other automatically operated doors shall apply and it is preferable not to use these types of doors for new types of lifts.

٤٫٣ Guides ٤٫٣٫١ Rigid guides shall be used for guiding lift cars and counterweights.

٤.٣٫٢ Guides shall be of drawn steel and have a working surfaces that are bright, smooth and straight, and shall be of sufficient length to prevent the car or counterweight from running off the guides.

٦


٤٫٣٫٣ The fixing of the guides to their brackets and to the building shall permit compensation, either automatically or by simple adjustment, of effects due to normal settling of the building or shrinkage of concrete. The design of attachment shall be such that rotation does not release the guide.

٤٫٣٫٤ Guides and their fixing shall withstand, without permanent deformation, the application of the safety gear when stopping a fully laden car or the counterweight.

٤٫٤ Car and counterweight buffers ٤٫٤٫١ Buffers shall be installed under all cars and on the car top for positive drive lift

and counterweights in accordance with the following:

٤٫٤٫١٫١ Energy accumulation type buffers (spring buffers) may only be used if the rated speed of the lift does not exceed ١ m/s.

٤٫٤٫١٫٢ Energy accumulation type buffers with buffered return movement may only be used if the rated speed of the lift does not exceed ١٫٦ m/s.

٤٫٤٫١٫٣ Energy dissipation type buffers (oil buffers) may be used whatever the rated speed of the lift.

٤٫٤٫٢ Stroke of car and counterweight buffers ٤٫٤٫٢٫١ Energy accumulation type buffers and energy accumulation type buffers with

buffered return movement.

The total stroke of the buffers shall be at least equal to twice the gravity stopping distance corresponding to ١١٥٪ of the rated speed (i.e. ٠٫١٣٥ V٢), the stroke being expressed in metres, and V (rated speed) in metres per second. However, the stroke shall not be less than ٦٥ mm as shown in Fig. (١). Buffers shall be designed to cover the stroke defined above under a static load between ٢٫٥ and ٤ times the mass of the car plus its rated load, (or the mass of the counterweight).

٤٫٤٫٢٫٢ Energy dissipation type buffers ٤٫٤٫٢٫٢٫١ The total stroke of the buffers shall be at least equal to the gravity stopping

distance corresponding to ١١٥٪ of the rated speed (٠٫٠٦٧ V٢), the stroke being expressed in metres, and V (rated speed) in metres per second.

٤٫٤٫٢٫٢٫٢ When the retardation of the lift at the end of its travel is monitored by a device, the speed at which the car (or counterweight) comes into contact with the buffers may be used instead of the rated speed, when calculating the buffer travel according to item (٤٫٤٫٢٫٢٫١). However, the stroke shall not be less than:

٥٠٪ of the stroke calculated as specified in item (٤٫٤٫٢٫٢٫١) if the rated speed does not exceed ٤٫٠٠ m/s. ٣٣٫٥٪ of the stroke calculated as specified in item (٤٫٤٫٢٫٢٫١) if the rated speed exceeds ٤٫٠٠ m/s.

In any event the stroke shall not be less than ٠٫٤٢ m, as shown in Fig. (١).

٤٫٤٫٢٫٢٫٣ The average retardation during action of the buffers shall not exceed the gravity acceleration (gn). Retardation of more than ٢٫٥ gn shall not be longer than ٠٫٠٤ second.

٧


٤٫٤٫٢٫٢٫٤ The operation of the lift shall depend on the return of the buffers to their normal position after operation.

٤٫٤٫٢٫٢٫٥ Buffers, if hydraulic, shall be so constructed that the fluid level may easily be checked.

٤٫٥ Locking devices and switches for car and landing doors ٤٫٥٫١ Every car door shall be provided with an electrical switch which will prevent

the lift car from being started, or kept in motion, unless all car doors are closed, except for levelling and docking operations. This requirement precludes the practice of short-circuiting the car door switch, by means of a switch actuated by a movable car floor, in order that the car of an automatically operated lift may be called to a landing.

٤٫٥٫٢ Every landing door shall be provided with an effective locking device so that it shall not normally be possible to open the door from the landing side, unless the lift car is in that particular landing zone. Provision shall be made for the opening of a landing door by a responsible person with an emergency key irrespective of the position of the lift car.

٤٫٥٫٣ It shall not be possible under normal operation, to start the lift car or keep it in motion, unless all landing doors are in the closed position and locked.

٤٫٥٫٤ The electrical and mechanical parts of all door locking devices shall be of good mechanical construction and adequate strength. Such devices shall be so designed that reasonable wear shall not create an unsafe condition or permit interference with operation of the lift by movement of the door or its fittings.

٤٫٥٫٥ All door locking devices and door switches together with any associated actuating rods, levers or contacts, shall be so situated as to be reasonably inaccessible from the landing or the car.

٤٫٥٫٦ Electromechanical lock shall be protected against misuse and the removal of any detachable cover shall not disturb any part of the lock mechanism.

٤٫٥٫٧ Springs used in locking devices shall be in compression and adequately supported. The failure of a spring shall not render the lock unsafe. Any other safe system may also be used.

٤٫٥٫٨ The contact of door locking devices and door switches shall be opened positively, independently of gravity or springs.

٤٫٥٫٩ The lock shall resist, without permanent deformation, a minimum force at the level of the lock and in the direction of opening of the door of ١٠٠٠ N in the case of a sliding door and ٣٠٠٠ N on the locking pin, in the case of hinged doors.

٤٫٦ Car trap doors and emergency doors The cars shall be provided with emergency exits which may be trap doors or

emergency doors if there is no landing door between three floors.

٨


Fig. (١)

٠Stroke for Different Buffers

Car speed

٩


٤٫٦.١ If there is an emergency trap door in the car roof to permit the evacuation of passengers, it shall measure at least ٠٫٣٥ m x ٠٫٥٠ m.

٤٫٦٫٢ Emergency doors may be used in the case of adjacent cars, provided, however, that the horizontal distance between cars does not exceed ٠٫٧٥ m. Emergency doors shall measure at least ١٫٨ m high and ٠٫٣٥ m wide.

٤٫٦٫٣ Emergency trap doors and emergency doors shall be provided with a means for manual locking. Emergency trap doors and doors shall be opened from outside the car without a key and from inside the car with a key.

٤٫٦٫٤ Emergency trap doors shall open toward the outside of the car. Emergency doors shall open towards the inside of the car.

٤٫٦٫٥ Emergency doors shall not be located in the path of a counterweight or in front of a fixed obstacle. (Except for beams which separate between the cars).

٤٫٦٫٦ The locking given in item (٤٫٦٫٣) shall be provided by means of an electric safety device which will cause the lift to stop, and which will restore operation of the lift only when the locking has been manually restored.

٤٫٦٫٧ Every lift shall be provided, either with an emergency signal that is able to be operated from the lift car and audible outside the lift well or, with a telephone, for use in case of emergency.

٤٫٧ Car capacity and loading ٤٫٧٫١ The relationship between rated load and maximum available area is determined

from table ( ١ ). Recesses and extensions, even of height less than ١ m, (whether protected or not by separating doors), are only permitted if their area is taken into account in the calculation of maximum available car area.

٤٫٧٫٢ Lifts mainly intended for the transport of goods which are generally accompanied by people (including non-commercial vehicle lifts other than those covered by item ٤٫٧٫٣), the requirement of item (٤٫٧٫١) shall be applied and in addition, design calculations shall take into account not only the load carried but also the weight of handling devices which may enter the car.

٤٫٧٫٣ The rated load shall be calculated at the rate of at least ٢٠٠ kg/m٢ of available car area for private motor car lifts, the use of which are reserved for authorized and instructed users.

٤٫٨ Safety gear (suspension and protection against falling) Every lift shall be provided with safety gear attached to the car frame. Another

safety gear shall also be provided on the counterweight. Safety gear shall comply with the following requirements:

٤٫٨٫١ It shall be possible to release car safety gears by raising the car, and counterweight safety gears by raising the counterweight.

٤٫٨٫٢ The safety gear of the car and counterweight shall be each tripped by an overspeed governor.

١٠


٤٫٨٫٣ The safety gear shall operate to stop and sustain the lift car with its rated load, in the event of failure of all suspension ropes or their attachments, or, in case of overspeed in the downward direction.

Table (١)

Rated Load and Maximum Available Car Area Rated load

Maximum available car area

Maximum number of passengers

Rated load

Maximum available car area

Maximum number of passengers

K g m٢ K g m٢

١٣ ٢٫٣٥ ٩٧٥ ١ ٠٫٤٠ ١٠٠ ١٣ ٢٫٤٠ ١٠٠٠ ٢ ٠٫٥٠ ١٨٠ ١٤ ٢٫٥٠ ١٠٥٠ ٣ ٠٫٧٠ ٢٢٥ ١٥ ٢٫٦٥ ١١٢٥ ٤ ٠٫٩٠ ٣٠٠ ١٦ ٢٫٨٠ ١٢٠٠ ٥ ١٫١٠ ٣٧٥ ١٦ ٢٫٩٠ ١٢٥٠ ٥ ١٫١٧ ٤٠٠ ١٧ ٢٫٩٥ ١٢٧٥ ٦ ١٫٣٠ ٤٥٠ ١٨ ٣٫١٠ ١٣٥٠ ٧ ١٫٤٥ ٥٢٥ ١٩ ٣٫٢٥ ١٤٢٥ ٨ ١٫٦٠ ٦٠٠ ٢٠ ٣٫٤٠ ١٥٠٠ ٨ ١٫٦٦ ٦٣٠ ٢١ ٣٫٥٦ ١٦٠٠ ٩ ١٫٧٥ ٦٧٥ ٢٤ ٣٫٨٨ ١٨٠٠ ١٠ ١٫٩٠ ٧٥٠ ٢٨ ٤٫٣٦ ٢١٠٠ ١٠ ٢٫٠٠ ٨٠٠ ٣٣ ٥٫٠٠ ٢٥٠٠ ١١ ٢٫٠٥ ٨٢٥ ١٢ ٢٫٢٠ ٩٠٠ ---- ---- --

Notes

* ٢٥٠٠ ٠٫١٦ ٢ ١٠٠Beyond kg, add m for each kg extra

* For intermediate loads:

- The area is determined by linear interpolation.

- Maximum number of persons is obtained from the formula:-

Rated load٧٥

and the result is rounded down to the nearest whole number.

* ١٥٪If the rated load exceeds by more than that indicated in the table for maximum available car area, the maximum number of passengers permitted shall correspond to that area.

٤٫٨٫٤ It is not permitted for a safety gear to operate in the upward direction.

٤٫٨٫٥ The application of the safety gear shall not cause the car floor to incline more than ٥٪ from its normal position when evenly loaded.

٤٫٨٫٦ The motor control and brake control circuits shall be opened by a switch on the car safety gear before, or at the time, the safety gear is applied.

٤٫٨٫٧ It shall not be possible for vibration of the car frame to cause a safety gear to be applied. The gripping surfaces of the safety gear shall be held clear of the guides during normal operation of the lift.

١١


٤٫٨٫٨ Levers or cams shall be fixed to their shafts by means of welding, sunk keys or any equivalent method.

٤٫٨٫٩ Safety gears shall be designed to grip each guide and to operate on the guides simultaneously.

٤٫٨٫١٠ The safety gear operating devices shall preferably be located at the lower part of the car.

٤٫٨٫١١ A pawl and ratchet shall not be used as the safety gear.

٤٫٨٫١٢ The operation of safety gear by devices which operate electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically is forbidden.

٤٫٨٫١٣ After the operation of the safety gear the intervention of a competent person shall be required to return the lift back to service.

٤٫٨٫١٤ For progressive safety gear the average retardation, in the case of free fall with rated load in the car, shall lie between ٠٫٢ g and ١٫٠ g, where g is the acceleration due to gravity.

٤٫٨٫١٥ The following requirement shall be met when using different types of safety gears.

٤٫٨٫١٥٫١ Car safety gear shall be of the progressive type if the rated speed of the lift exceeds ١ m/s. It can be of the instantaneous type with buffered effect, if the rated speed does not exceed ١ m/s or of the instantaneous type, if the rated speed does not exceed ٠٫٦٣ m/s.

٤٫٨٫١٥٫٢ If the car carries several safety gears they shall all be of the progressive type.

٤٫٨٫١٥٫٣ The safety gear of the counterweight shall be of the progressive type if the rated speed exceeds ١ m/s, otherwise the safety gear may be of the instantaneous type.

٤٫٩ Over speed governors ٤٫٩٫١ Tripping of the over speed governor shall occur at a speed at least equal to

١١٥٪ of the rated speed and less than:

- ٠.٨ m/s for instantaneous safety gears except for the captive roller type.

- ١ m/s for safety gears of the captive roller type.

- ١٫٥ m/s for instantaneous safety gears with buffered effect, (or progressive safety gears used for rated speed ≤ ١٫٠ m/s).

- (١.٢٥ V + ) for other types of safety gear. ٠ ٢٥.V

Where V = rated speed (m/s).

٤٫٩٫١٫١ For lifts where the rated speed exceeds ١ m/s, it is recommended that the tripping speed closest to the upper limit indicated in item (٤٫٩٫١) be chosen.

٤٫٩.١٫٢ For lifts with very heavy loads and low speeds, the over speed governor shall be specially designed for this purpose. It is recommended that the tripping speed closest to the lower limit indicated in item (٤٫٩٫١) be chosen.

١٢


٤٫٩٫٣ The force exerted by the over speed governor when tripped shall be at least ٣٠٠ N, or twice that necessary to engage the safety gear, whichever is the greater.

٤٫٩٫٤ The direction of rotation, corresponding to the operation of the safety gear, shall be marked on the over speed governor.

٤٫٩٫٥ The over speed governor shall be driven by a very flexible wire rope. The breaking load of the rope shall be related to the force required to operate and safety gear by a safety factor of at least ٨, and of a nominal diameter at least ٦ mm. It shall be provided with on electric safety device to prevent the movement of the lift in case the rope jumped out.

٤٫٩٫٦ The over speed governor shall be completely accessible in all circumstances. If located in the well it shall be accessible from outside the well.

٤٫٩٫٧ The over speed governor shall, by means of an electric safety device, cause the lift to stop before the car speed, either up or down, reaches the tripping speed of the governor.

٤٫٩٫٨ If after release of the safety gear the over speed governor does not automatically reset itself, an electric safety device shall be provided to prevent all movement of the lift when the over speed governor is tripped.

٤٫١٠ Suspension

٤٫١٠٫١ Cars and counterweights shall be suspended by steel wire ropes, or steel chains with parallel links or roller chains. In case of high speed lifts the core of the rope shall be of steel.

٤٫١٠٫٢ Wire ropes shall comply with Saudi Standard SASO. No. ٢٠١/١٩٩٤ “Steel Wire Ropes for Electric Lifts”.

٤٫١٠٫٣ The nominal diameter of the ropes shall be at least ٨ mm. The minimum number of ropes (or chains) shall be two. Ropes shall be independent.

٤٫١٠٫٤ The ratio between the pitch diameter of sheaves or pulleys (or drums) and the nominal diameter of the suspension ropes shall be at least ٤٠, regardless of the number of strands.

٤٫١٠٫٥ The safety factor of the suspension ropes shall be at least:

- ١٢ in the case of traction drive with three ropes or more.

- ١٦ in the case of traction drive with two ropes.

- ١٢ in the case of drum drive.

The calculation of the safety factor shall be based upon the breaking load of the rope.

٤٫١٠٫٦ The strength of the rope terminations shall be at least ٨٠٪ of that of the ropes.

٤٫١٠٫٧ The safety factor of the suspension chains shall be at least ١٠, based upon the breaking load of the chain.

٤٫١٠٫٨ The ends of each chain shall be fixed to the car, counterweight or suspension points by terminations, the strength of each termination being at least ٨٠٪ of that of the chain.

١٣


٤٫١٠٫٩ Automatic devices shall be provided for equalizing the tension of suspension ropes or chains, at least at one of their ends.

٤٫١٠٫١٠ If springs are used to equalize the tension they shall work in compression.

٤٫١٠٫١١ In case of suspension of the car by two ropes or two chains, an electric device shall be provided to cause the lift to stop in case of abnormal relative extension of one rope or chain.

٤.١٠.١٢ It can be used rope with nominal diameter ٦ mm and the conditions should be available as the following;

٤٫١٠٫١٢٫١ The rope shall be bright surface with formation ١٩*٨ (where ٨ = number of strands, ١٩ = number of wires in the strand) Fig . ( ٢ ).

٤٫١٠٫١٢٫٢ The core of rope shall be made of steel with a breaking load not less than ٢٥٫٩ KN.

٤٫١٠٫١٢٫٣ The nominal wire strength for rope shall be not less than ١٧٧٠ N/mm٢

٤٫١٠٫١٢٫٤ The weight per length for the rope shall not be less than ٠٫١٥٣ kg/mm

١٤


٤٫١٠٫١٢٫٥ The diameter of the traction sheave pulley shall not be less than ٢٤٠ mm.

The traction sheave pulley sha٤٫١٠.١٢٫٦ ll be designed with a hardened semi-circular

(undercut angle = ٧٥o : ١٠٠o) Fig. ( ٣ ).

under cut groove made of steel.

٤٫١٠٫١٢٫٧ The diameter of the diverter pulley shall not less than ١٥٠ mm Fig ( ٤ ).

١٥


٤٫١٠٫١٢٫٨ The diverter pulley shall be designed with a semi-circular groove made of steel.

٤٫١٠٫١٢٫٩ In case of reversed rope bending, the distance from two points of contact of the rope on two consecutive diverting pulleys shall not be less than ١٢٠٠ mm Fig. ( ٥ ).

١٦


٤٫١٠٫١٢٫١٠ The ropes have to be discarded in case of

٤٫١٠٫١٢٫١٠٫١ Fractured wire ٢٦ times overlength of ١٨٠ mm.

٤٫١٠٫١٢٫١٠٫٢ Fractured wire ١٣ times over a length of ٣٦ mm.

٤٫١٠٫١٢٫١٠٫٣ Diameter reduction of over ٦٪ related to the nominal rope diameter .

٤٫١١ Lift machines

٤٫١١٫١ Each lift shall have at least one machine of its own.

٤٫١١٫٢ Two methods of drive are permissible:

٤٫١١٫٢٫١ By traction, using sheaves and ropes.

٤٫١١٫٢٫٢ By positive drive as follows, if the rated speed does not exceed ٠٫٦٣ m/s:

- Either use of a drum and ropes without counterweight.

١٧


- Or, use of sprockets and chains.

٤٫١١٫٣ Use may be made of belts for coupling the motor or motors to the component on which the electro-mechanical brake operates. A minimum of two belts shall be used.

٤٫١١٫٤ Adequate bearings shall be used and shall be arranged in dust-proof housings.

٤٫١١٫٥ Every lift machine shall be provided with a brake that is mechanically applied and electrically held off. The brake shall be capable of bringing the car to rest smoothly, when travelling down at rated speed and with a load of ١٢٥٪ of the rated load.

٤٫١١٫٦ The brake shall not be released in normal operation unless the motor is energized.

٤٫١١٫٧ Springs used to apply the brake shoes shall be of compression type.

٤٫١١٫٨ Brakes shall have at least two brake shoes. The brake linings shall be of incombustible material and such that normal wear will not weaken their fastenings.

٤٫١١٫٩ No earth fault, short circuit or residual magnetism shall prevent the brake from being applied when the power supply to the lift motor is interrupted.

٤٫١١٫١٠ Any machine fitted with a manual emergency operating device shall be provided with a means of releasing the brake and ensure the immediate re-application of the brake as soon as hand pressure is released.

٤٫١١٫١١ Proper alignment of the brake, motor, gears and any other parts, shall be maintained under all conditions.

٤٫١١٫١٢ When the motor of the lift is likely to function as a generator, it shall not be possible for the electrical device operating the brake to be fed by the driving motor.

٤٫١١٫١٣ It shall be possible to check easily from the machine room whether the car is in an unlocking zone. (This check may be made, for example, by means of marks on the suspension or governor ropes).

٤٫١١٫١٤ Motors

Motors shall generally comply with Saudi standard to be approved by SMOC on “Electric Motors”, but single-speed polyphase induction motors shall conform to Saudi Standard No. SASO. ٦١١/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ١٠: Single-Speed Polyphase Induction Motors for Driving Lifts”.

٤٫١٢ Counterweights ٤٫١٢٫١ Counterweights shall be of metallic sections (or protected by metallic

enclosure), shall travel between rigid guides, withstand the effect of buffer impact and they shall be provided with four guide shoes, capable of being easily renewed or having renewable linings.

٤٫١٢٫٢ Counterweight fillers shall be contained and secured within a steel frame. Suspension ropes or chains shall be fixed to the frame. In the case of using

١٨


٤٫١٣ Controllers ٤٫١٣٫١ Incombustible materials shall be used for control panels and their supporting

frames.

٤٫١٣٫٢ Fusible cut-outs shall be so placed and constructed that the blowing of a fuse shall not cause a short-circuit between adjacent conductors.

٤٫١٣٫٣ Main and auxiliary resistors shall be adequately supported and ventilated.

٤٫١٣٫٤ Control circuits shall be protected by fuses, or equivalent means, independently of the protection for the main circuits.

٤٫١٣٫٥ Lifts shall be automatically stopped at the terminal landings by means of normal terminal stopping devices.

٤٫١٣٫٦ No control system shall depend upon the completion or maintenance of an electrical circuit, for the interruption of the power supply to the lift motor and the application of the machine brake, to stop the lift car when an emergency stop switch or any other safety device is operated.

٤٫١٣٫٧ Lifts connected to polyphase a.c. power supplies shall incorporate means to prevent the motor from being energized against failure and/or phase reversal.

٤٫١٣٫٨ Control circuits shall be so arranged that an earth fault, or open circuit, or the discharge or failure of a capacitor, does not set up an unsafe condition.

٤٫١٣٫٩ Contactors for reversing direction of travel shall be electrically interlocked.

٤٫١٣٫١٠ If the operation of an electric safety device is dependent upon a device linked directly with the car, the breaking of the connecting link shall cause the machine to stop through the action of an electric safety device.

٤٫١٣٫١١ When control circuits are supplied through a transformer it shall be of the double wound type.

٤٫١٤ Relays and contactors ٤.١٤٫١ Electrical circuits used for stopping the lifts shall have at least two independent

contactors.

٤٫١٤٫٢ Where a pivoted joint of a contactor or relay forms a part of a circuit, provision shall be made to bypass such joint with a durable flexible connection.

٤٫١٤٫٣ Contactors having main contacts of opposite polarity or indifferent phase lines in juxtaposition, provision shall be made to prevent formation of arcs between different contacts.

٤٫١٥ Control circuits ٤٫١٥٫١ Control circuits wiring shall be of a flame-retardant type. All wires shall be

terminated by suitable means and in such a way that the wires are not damaged.

٤٫١٥٫٢ Terminals of wires shall be marked for easy connection.

١٩


٤٫١٦ Operation and operating devices ٤٫١٦٫١ While a lift car is travelling to a given landing it shall not be possible to

interfere with its journey by pressing any landing button, except that with collective forms of control it is permissible to stop the lift car at any intermediate landing, for the reception or discharge of passengers.

٤٫١٦٫٢ Provision shall be made for a reasonable time lag between the stopping of the lift car and its being restarted.

٤٫١٦٫٣ Every lift shall be provided with a switch which will cause the motor control and brake control circuits to be opened should be lift car or counterweight be obstructed in its descent. These switches shall not automatically reset when the obstacle is removed.

٤٫١٦٫٤ If the car is operated by handle, the manual operating handle shall return to the stop position when released.

٤٫١٦٫٥ Electrical operating devices, whether mounted in or on the lift car, or in the lift well, shall be enclosed.

٤٫١٦٫٦ No push button or switch that is intended to render the landing lock circuit ineffective shall be installed in the lift car.

٤٫١٦٫٧ A control station shall be fitted on top of the car and it shall be so made that when in use:

٤٫١٦٫٧٫١ It is impossible to control the car from any other position.

٤٫١٦٫٧٫٢ The car will travel at a speed not exceeding ٠٫٦٣ m/s.

٤٫١٦٫٧٫٣ The car will not move until all safety devices are in, and remain in, the safe position.

٤٫١٦٫٧٫٤ The car will move only whilst the movement button is subjected to continuous pressure.

٤٫١٦٫٨ An emergency stop switch shall be fitted on the control station, with the run and stop positions legibly marked. When the switch is in the stop position it shall be impossible to move the car from any control station.

٤٫١٦٫٩ Where lift equipment is housed in any compartment separate from the motor room or lift well, a switch shall be provided in that compartment which when placed in the stop position, will cause the lift to stop and prevent its being started until placed in the run position.

٤٫١٦٫١٠ A switch as specified in item (٤٫١٦٫٩) shall be provided in each lift pit.

٤٫١٧ Final limit switches

٤٫١٧٫١ The final limit switches shall control at least two separate and independent contactors, two of which shall be closed to complete the motor and brake circuits for each direction of travel.

٤٫١٧٫٢ The final limit switches, when fixed on the car frame or in the lift well, shall be securely mounted in such a manner that the movement of the switch levers to open the contacts is positive and not affected by normal float of the car. Any can used for operating these switches shall be of stable material, of sufficient

٢٠


٤٫١٧٫٣ The contacts of the final limit switches shall be opened by positive mechanical means.

٤٫١٧٫٤ The final limit switches, whether mounted on the car frame or in the lift well, shall be enclosed.

٤٫١٧٫٥ The final limit switches shall be arranged to cause the power to be removed from the lift motor and apply the brake independently of all other switches and, without interfering with the normal operation of the lift.

٤٫١٨ Main switch and wiring ٤٫١٨٫١ The incoming supply mains in the machine room shall terminate either in a non

self-resetting circuit breaker with overcurrent release or in a main switch with fuses.

For a single lift this circuit breaker or switch shall be fixed adjacent to the machine room entrance. In a machine room common to more than one lift, each circuit breaker or main switch shall be conveniently situated with respect to the lift machine it controls.

The opening of the circuit breaker while the lift car is in motion, shall cause the machine brake to be applied. The switch shall not cut the circuits feeding:

- Car lighting and ventilation.

- Socket outlet on the car roof.

- Lighting of machine rooms.

- Socket outlet in the machine room.

- Lighting of the lift well.

- Alarm devices.

٤٫١٨٫٢ All cables between the lift well and lift car terminal boxes shall be suspended over reels or by suitable clamps. The connections in the terminal boxes shall be marked for identification purposes. All exposed metal work liable to become electrically charged shall be efficiently bonded and earthed.

All wiring in general shall be made according to Saudi Standard SASO ٢٥٢/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٥: Safety Measures for Electrical Installations of Lifts”.

٥- SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

Electric lifts shall comply with the requirements of Saudi Standard SASO ٤٦٧/٢٠٠٣ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٢: Safety Requirements”, and Saudi Standard SASO ٤٨٢/١٩٩٤ “Lifts for Passengers or Goods Part ٥: Safety Measures for Electrical Installations of Lifts”.

٢١


٦- ERECTION REQUIREMENTS Electric lifts shall be erected according to the following standards:

SASO No ٤٦٨/٢٠٠٣ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٣: Erection Requirements”.

٧- TESTING

٧٫١ Methods of Testing Testing shall be carried out in accordance with the following standards:

SASO. No. ٤٩٠/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٦: Acceptance, Inspection and Tests After Installation in a Building”.

SASO. No. ٤٩١/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٧: Periodic Inspections and Tests”.

SASO. No. ٤٨١/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٤: Methods of Testing Safety Measures for Electrical Installations of Lifts”.

SASO. No. ٦١٠/١٩٩٤ “Electric Lifts for Passengers or Goods - Part ٩: Methods of Testing Single-Speed Polyphase Induction Motors for Driving Lifts”.

٧٫٢ Tests

٧٫٢٫١ Acceptance The following inspections and tests shall be carried out after installation of

electric lifts and before going into service.

٧٫٢٫١٫١ Inspection made from inside the car:

- Car capacity and dimensions.

- Car walls, floor and roof and emergency exits.

- Lighting fixtures and car lighting.

- Car doors and their electric contacts.

- Operating and control devices.

- Emergency illumination and signal devices.

- Emergency operation.

٧٫٢٫١٫٢ Inspection made outside the well:

- Operating buttons.

- Emergency access switches.

٧٫٢٫١٫٣ Inspection made from top of car:

- Car top light and convenience outlet.

- Car top operating device.

- Top car and counterweight clearances.

٢٢


- Horizontal car and counterweight clearances.

- Lift well.

- Landing doors.

- Wire rope fastenings and sheaves.

- Car frame.

٧٫٢٫١٫٤ Inspection made in overhead machinery spaces and in machine room:

- Brake action.

- Inspection of safety gear.

- Final limit stopping switches.

- Inspection of machine room and overhead sheave equipment.

٧٫٢٫١٫٥ Inspection made in pits:

- Bottom clearances for lifts.

- Buffers.

- Pit stop switch.

- Pit light and switch.

- Compensating ropes, chains and sheaves.

- Pit access.

- Car.

- Guards between adjacent pits.

٧٫٢٫٢ Periodic inspections and tests:

The following inspections and tests shall be carried out periodically:

- Inspection of the governor rope system and the electric safety device.

- Inspection and test of safety gear, every twelve months.

- Inspection and test of governor safety gear and seal, every five years.

- Test of buffers every twelve months.

- Test of buffers, every five years.

- Test of final terminal stopping devices.

- Inspection of suspension ropes or chains.

- Inspection of interlocks.

- Inspection of alarm system.

- Test of operation of lifts under fire or other emergency conditions.

- Test of emergency power operation.

- Test of the closing force of the door.

٢٣


٢٤

٨- CRITERIA OF TECHNICAL CONFORMITY ٨٫١ The every type of lift shall be accompanied with a test report from a specialized

independent laboratory stating it complies with all the relevant requirements mentioned in this standard.

٨٫٢ The lift shall be considered conforming to this standard if after installation in the building, it passes all the acceptance tests given in item (٧٫٢٫١).

٨٫٣ A certificate of compliance shall be issued by the concerned authority to the owner stating that the lift has been tested after installations in the building and it conforms to the requirements of this standard. A test report, itemizing the tests and the test results shall be attached to the certificate.

٨٫٤ If on acceptance tests any equipment is found to be defective or damaged, or if the performance of the lift does not conform to the requirements of the relevant specified Saudi standard, the compliance certificate shall not be issued until such defects have been remedied.

٨٫٥ When the repairs, replacements, or adjustments have been completed, the lift should be reinspected and any tests in which results were unsatisfactory shall be repeated. The compliance certificate shall be issued after satisfactory results have been achieved in the repeat tests.

٨٫٦ The use of the lift, pending final completion of the inspection, should not be permitted until all inspection and tests are completed and the compliance certificate given in item (٨٫٢) is issued.

saso - punto focal · saso . draft for update of saudi standard . no. ٤٦٦/٢٠٠٩. electric...

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