sat online course test 4 answer

8/16/2019 SAT Online Course Test 4 Answer

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Answers and Explanations

Test SectionsSection 1

Section 2

Section 4

Section 5

Section 6

Section 7

Section 8

Section 9

Section 10

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Essay

Online - Practice Test #4

These sample essays were originally handwritten by students but are shown typed here for ease

of reading. The essays are displayed exactly as students wrote them, without any corrections to

spelling, punctuation, or syntax. One handwritten sample essay is provided to illustrate the need

for legible and clear handwriting.

Exemplars:

Essay Prompt

Think carefully about the information presented in the following excerpt and the assignment

below.

People's lives are the result of the choices they make—or fail to make. The path one takes in

life is not arbitrary. Choices and their consequences determine the course of every person's

life. All people, whatever their circumstances, make the choices on which their lives depend.

Are people's lives the result of the choices they make? Plan and write an essay in which you

develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples

taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.


Copyright © 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy Terms of Use Contact Us

页码，1/1The Official SAT Online Course

2006 11 12file://E:\新建文件夹\d2.htm

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Test Sections

Section 1

Section 2

Section 4

Section 5

Section 6

Section 7

Section 8

Section 9

Section 10


View Answers and Explanations


1 The total cost of equally priced notebooks is If the cost per notebook is

reduced by how much will of these notebooks cost at the new rate?

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer A :

Choice (A) is correct. Since the total cost of equally priced notebooks was

originally the original cost per notebook was The

cost per notebook is reduced by so the new cost of each notebook is

Therefore, the cost of notebooks at the new rate is

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is not correct. is the cost of notebooks at the original price,

but is the cost of notebooks at the new rate.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is not correct. is the cost of notebooks at the original price,

minus But the reduction in price is for each of the

notebooks: Thus, the total cost of notebooks at the new

rate is

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is not correct. is the cost of notebooks at the original price,

but the question asks for the cost of notebooks at the new rate, which is

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is not correct. is the cost of notebooks at the original price,

minus however, to find the cost of notebooks at

the new rate, must be subtracted from the cost of notebooks at the

original price:

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

2If which of the following could be a value of

(A)

(B)

(C)



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Choice (A) is correct. The value of could be since


Choice (B) is not correct. The value of cannot be since

not


Choice (C) is not correct. The value of cannot be since

not


Choice (D) is not correct. The value of cannot be since

not


Choice (E) is not correct. The value of cannot be since

not

(D)

(E)

3 The digits of the positive three-digit integer are and How many possible

values are there for


Explanation for Correct Answer C :

Choice (C) is correct. For the positive three-digit integer there are three

possibilities for the hundreds digit: it can be or Once the hundreds digit is

determined, there are two possibilities for the tens digit. After the tens digit isdetermined, there is only one possible value for the units digit. Therefore, there are

different possible three-digit numbers with digits and

An alternative solution would be to list and count all possible values of

and

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is not correct. The possible values for each have three digits, but

there are six possible values for

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. There are more than four possible three-digit integers

with digits and They are and


(A) Three

(B) Four

(C) Six

(D) Eight

(E) Nine



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Choice (D) is not correct. This incorrect answer could be the result of using

instead of to count the possible values for


Choice (E) is not correct. This incorrect answer could be the result of using

instead of to count the possible values for

4

In the figure above, and each have measure If what

is the value of


Explanation for Correct Answer E :

Choice (E) is correct. Since and each have measure it

follows from the figure that and Since it follows

that which gives Therefore,

so


Choice (A) is not correct. The measure of is equal to Since is the

measure of it follows from the figure that Therefore, cannot be

equal to


Choice (B) is not correct. The measure of is equal to Since is themeasure of it follows from the figure that Therefore, cannot be

equal to


Choice (C) is not correct. Since and each have measure it

follows from the figure that and Thus,

Since it follows that not


Choice (D) is not correct. This choice, could be the result of visually estimating

but the question does not ask for an estimate.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

5



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In the figure above, if the coordinates of points and are added together, the

result will be the coordinate of a point between which two consecutive integers?



Choice (C) is correct. The coordinate of point is approximately and the

coordinate of point is approximately Therefore, if the coordinates of points

and are added together, the result will be approximately

which is between and


Choice (A) is not correct. The coordinate of point is greater than If the

coordinate of point which is positive, is added to the coordinate of point the

result must be greater than Therefore, this result cannot be between and


Choice (B) is not correct. When the coordinate of point is added to the

coordinate of point the result will be the coordinate of a point located

approximately units to the right of point on the number line, because point

is units to the right of Therefore, this result cannot be between and


Choice (D) is not correct. The coordinate of point is negative with absolute value

greater than the coordinate of point which is positive. This implies that the sum

of the coordinates of points and must be negative and, therefore, cannot be

between and


Choice (E) is not correct. The coordinate of point is negative, and the coordinate

of point is less than This implies that the sum of the coordinates of points

and must be less than Therefore, this sum cannot be between and

(A) and

(B) and

(C) and

(D) and

(E) and

6 In a sequence of numbers, the first number is and each number after the first is

more than times the preceding number. What is the third number in the sequence?



Choice (E) is correct. The second number in the sequence is equal toand the third number in the sequence is

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)



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Choice (A) is not correct. This choice, is too small. The second and third

numbers in the sequence are and not

and


Choice (B) is not correct. This choice, is the second number in the sequence.

The question asks for the third number.


Choice (C) is not correct. This choice, is the third number in a different

sequence: one where each number after the first is less than times the

preceding number. The question asks for the third number where each number

after the first is more than times the preceding number.


Choice (D) is not correct. The third number in the sequence is not This

choice could be the result of mistakenly computing the second number as less

than times the first, instead of more than times the first.

7

It took Kia hours to drive from Ashton to Farley, passing through Belville, Clinton,

Dryden, and Edgewood on the way. The graph above shows where she was along the

route during the hours of the trip. According to the graph, approximately how long,

in hours, did it take Kia to drive from Dryden to Edgewood?



Choice (A) is correct. According to the graph, Kia reached Dryden approximately

hours after she began her trip. She was in Edgewood approximately

hours after the beginning of her trip. Therefore, it took Kia approximately

hour to drive from Dryden to Edgewood.


(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)



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Choice (B) is not correct. It took Kia approximately hours to drive from Dryden

to Farley, but it took her approximately hour to drive from Dryden to Edgewood.


Choice (C) is not correct. It took Kia approximately hours to drive from Ashton

to Dryden. If it had taken more hours for her to drive to Edgewood, she could

not have completed the trip in hours.


Choice (D) is not correct. It took Kia approximately hours to drive from Ashton

to Dryden, but it took her approximately hour to drive from Dryden to Edgewood.


Choice (E) is not correct. It took Kia approximately hours to drive from Ashton

to Edgewood, but it took her approximately hour to drive from Dryden to

Edgewood.

8 If the average of and is and the average of and is what is the

average of and


Explanation for Correct Answer D :

Choice (D) is correct. If the average of and is then satisfies the

equation so and If the average of and is

then Therefore, the average of and is


Choice (A) is not correct. The average of and is but the question asks for

the average of and


Choice (B) is not correct. The average of and is but the question asks for

the average of and


Choice (C) is not correct. If the average of and is then the value of is

but the question asks for the average of and


Choice (E) is not correct. If the average of and is then the value of is

but the question asks for the average of and

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

9Which of the following could be the graph in the -plane of the function



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Choice (D) is correct. The graph in the -plane of the function is

a line with a slope of and a -intercept of All five choices show the graph of

a straight line, but only the line in choice (D) has a positive slope and a positive -

intercept.


Choice (A) is not correct. The graph in the -plane of the function

is a line with a positive slope and a positive -intercept. The line in choice (A) is

horizontal and, therefore, has a slope of


Choice (B) is not correct. The graph in the -plane of the function

is a line with a positive slope and a positive -intercept. The line in choice (B) is a

vertical line and, therefore, has an undefined slope and no

-intercept.


Choice (C) is not correct. The graph in the -plane of the function

is a line with a positive slope and a positive -intercept. The line in choice (C) has

a negative slope.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)



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Choice (E) is not correct. The graph in the -plane of the function

is a line with a positive slope and a positive -intercept. The line in choice (E) has

a negative -intercept.

10 If is a positive odd integer, then could equal which of the following?



Choice (C) is correct. If is a positive odd integer, then is a positive even

integer, and is the next integer after Thus, the only integers between

and that can be written as where is a positive odd

integer, are and Therefore, of the numbers

given, only can be written as where is a positive odd

integer.


Choice (A) is not correct. The only number less than that can be written as

where is a positive odd integer, is


Choice (B) is not correct. The only number less than that can be written as

where is a positive odd integer, is


Choice (D) is not correct. The only numbers less than that can be written as

where is a positive odd integer, are and


Choice (E) is not correct. but this product does not satisfy all the

given conditions. In the product the value of

would be However, the question states that is a positive odd integer.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

11

Point is the point with the greatest -coordinate on the semicircle shown above.

What is the -coordinate of point

(A)

(B)



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Choice (E) is correct. Let be the point at the right-hand end of the semicircle; let

point be the midpoint of as shown below.

Since is the midpoint of the diameter it must be the center of the

semicircle. Thus, the distance from to any point on the semicircle must be thesame. Since is the point with the greatest -coordinate on the semicircle, the

radius must be parallel to the -axis, that is, a vertical line segment. Thus,

has coordinates and the semicircle has radius It follows that point

is units to the left of on the -axis and, therefore, has

-coordinate


Choice (A) is not correct. The -coordinate of is not found by summing the

coordinates of and then taking the negative of this sum.


Choice (B) is not correct. Since the center of the semicircle is not the origin, the -

coordinate of is not equal to the negative of the greatest -coordinate on the

semicircle.


Choice (C) is not correct. This choice may be the result of visually estimating the

answer instead of applying geometric principles.


Choice (D) is not correct. This choice may be the result of visually estimating the

answer instead of applying geometric principles.

(C)

(D)

(E)

12

For bottles of shampoo of various brands, the cost and volume of each are

displayed in the scatterplot above, and the line of best fit for the data is shown. Ofthe following, which is closest to the average (arithmetic mean) cost per ounce for

the bottles?



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Choice (C) is correct. The vertical axis of the graph gives the cost of the bottle of

shampoo, and the horizontal axis gives the number of ounces of shampoo in the

bottle. Since the line of best fit for the data passes through the origin, the price of a

bottle of shampoo is about directly proportional to the number of ounces in the

bottle. The slope of the line of best fit, therefore, gives the approximate average

cost per ounce of shampoo for the bottles. At the horizontal coordinate of

ounces, the vertical coordinate of the line of best f it is slightly more than

Therefore, the average cost per ounce for the bottles is very slightly more than

per ounce.


Choice (A) is not correct. Every bottle of shampoo shown costs more than

per ounce. Therefore, the average price per ounce for all bottles must be

greater than


Choice (B) is not correct. Every bottle of shampoo shown costs at least per

ounce, and many of the bottles cost more than this. Therefore, the average price

per ounce for all bottles must be greater than

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. Although some of the bottles of shampoo cost more than

per ounce and some cost less than this, the line of best fit has a slope that

is much closer to per ounce than to per ounce.


Choice (E) is not correct. Almost every bottle of shampoo shown costs less than

per ounce. Consequently, the line of best fit has a slope that is much less

than per ounce. Therefore, the average price per ounce for all bottles

must be less than

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

13 The graph of a quadratic function and the graph of a linear function in the-plane can intersect in at most how many points?


Explanation for Correct Answer B :

Choice (B) is correct. The graph of a quadratic function and the graph of a linear

function in the -plane can intersect in at most two points. The quadratic function

must be of the form where and are constants, and

the linear function must be of the form where and are

(A) One

(B) Two

(C) Three

(D) Four

(E) More than four



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constants. The -coordinates of the intersection points can be found by setting the

two functions equal, and then solving for When

simplified, this becomes a quadratic equation, so there can be at most two solutions

for Therefore, the two graphs can intersect in at most two points.


Choice (A) is not correct. The graphs could have only one point in common, but

they could also have two points in common. For example, and have

two points in common, and


Choice (C) is not correct. The graph of a linear function is a line, and the graph of a

quadratic function is a parabola, and a line and a parabola cannot intersect in three

points.


Choice (D) is not correct. The graph of a linear function is a line, and the graph of a

quadratic function is a parabola, and a line and a parabola cannot intersect in four

points.


Choice (E) is not correct. The graph of a linear function is a line, and the graph of a

quadratic function is a parabola, and a line and a parabola can intersect in at most

two points.

14If the length of is and the length of is which of the following could be

the length of



Choice (E) is correct. The length of could be Since (and

), the points and could form a triangle with sides of

length and


Choice (A) is not correct. Since the shortest distance between two points is a

straight line, the length of must be less than the distance between and

plus the distance between and Thus, the length of must be less than

and cannot equal


Choice (B) is not correct. Since the shortest distance between two points is a



and cannot equal


Choice (C) is not correct. Since the shortest distance between two points is a



and cannot equal

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)



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Choice (D) is not correct. Since the shortest distance between two points is a



and cannot equal

15If and are positive integers and what is in terms of



Choice (A) is correct. Substituting for in the equation gives

The expressions and are equivalent, so

Since the expressions and are equivalent, the exponents

and must be equal. Therefore, which gives


Choice (B) is not correct. If were equal to then would be equal to

This together with would

imply that was equal to However, this could only be true if and

were equal, which is not possible.


Choice (C) is not correct. If were equal to then would be equal to

This together with would imply that

was equal to However, this could only be true if and were

equal, which is not possible.


Choice (D) is not correct. If were equal to then would be equal to

This together with

would imply that was equal to However, this could only be true ifand were equal, which is not possible.


Choice (E) is not correct. If were equal to then would be equal to

This together with

would imply that was equal to However, this could only be true if

and were equal, which is not possible.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

16



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The tin can in the figure above is a cylinder that is inches high and has a base of

radius inches. Of pencils with lengths inches, inches, inches,

inches, and inches, how many CANNOT fit entirely inside the can?



Choice (B) is correct. In the figure below, the diameter of the base of the can

and segment which is perpendicular to form the two legs of a right

triangle,

By the Pythagorean Theorem, the hypotenuse, of this right triangle has length

inches, and it is the longest line segment within the can.

Therefore, any pencil with length greater than inches cannot fit entirely inside

the can. The lengths of the pencils are inches, inches, inches,

inches, and inches. Exactly two of these pencils are longer than inches, so

these two pencils are the only ones that cannot fit entirely inside the can.


Choice (A) is not correct. Any pencil longer than inches cannot fit entirely inside

the can. Two of the pencils are of lengths inches and inches, so there is

more than one pencil that is too long to fit entirely inside the can.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. Three pencils ARE short enough to fit entirely within the

can. These are the pencils with lengths inches, inches, and inches. Of

the pencils, there are two that CANNOT fit entirely inside the can.

(A) One

(B) Two

(C) Three

(D) Four

(E) Five



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Choice (D) is not correct. Of the pencils, fewer than four are too long to f it

entirely inside the can. Exactly two of the pencils are too long to fit.


Choice (E) is not correct. It is not true that all pencils cannot fit entirely inside

the can. There are three pencils that are short enough to fit inside the can.

17 When the number is multiplied by the result is the same as when is added to

What is the value of



Choice (E) is correct. When the number is multiplied by the result is

When is added to the result is Since the results of these two

operations are the same, it follows that Subtracting from both

sides of this equation gives


Choice (A) is not correct. The statement in the question yields the equation

This incorrect answer is the value of but the question asks for the

value of which is


Choice (B) is not correct. The statement in the question yields the equation

This incorrect answer may arise from mistranslating the statement as

and then finding the value of instead of the value of


Choice (C) is not correct. The statement in the question yields the equation

It follows that the value of is but the question asks for the

value of which is


Choice (D) is not correct. The statement in the question yields the equation

This incorrect answer may arise from mistranslating the statement as

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)

18



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A circle (not drawn) passes through point in the figure above. What could be the

total number of points of intersection of this circle and

I.

II.

III.



Choice (E) is correct. In the figure below,

the circle passes through point and the total number of points of intersection of

the circle and is

In the figure below,


the circle and is

In the figure below,


the circle and is

Therefore, I, II, and III each give a number that could be the total number of points

of intersection of and a circle that passes through

(A) I only

(B) II only

(C) I and II only

(D) II and III only

(E) I, II, and III



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Choice (A) is not correct. A circle can be drawn that passes through point and

intersects in only point. However, another circle can be drawn that

passes through point and intersects in points. Also, a third circle can

be drawn that passes through point and intersects in points.


Choice (B) is not correct. A circle can be drawn that passes through point and

intersects in points. However, another circle can be drawn that passesthrough point and intersects in only point. Also, a third circle can be

drawn that passes through point and intersects in points.


Choice (C) is not correct. A circle can be drawn that passes through point and

intersects in point. Another circle can be drawn that passes through

point and intersects in points. However, a third circle can be drawn

that passes through point and intersects in points.


Choice (D) is not correct. A circle can be drawn that passes through point and

intersects in points. Another circle can be drawn that passes through

point and intersects in points. However, a third circle can be drawn

that passes through point and intersects in point.

19

The function graphed above is defined for For which of the following

values of is



Choice (D) is correct. A number is less than its absolute value if the number is

negative, and equal to its absolute value if the number is nonnegative. Thus,

if and only if is negative. We can see from the graph that

which is negative. Therefore, For all of the other choices

given for is positive.


(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)



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Choice (A) is not correct. If then must be negative. But we

can see from the graph that which is positive. Therefore,


Choice (B) is not correct. If then must be negative. But we

can see from the graph that is positive. Therefore,


Choice (C) is not correct. If then must be negative. But we

can see from the graph that which is not a negative number. Therefore,


Choice (E) is not correct. If then must be negative. But we

can see from the graph that which is positive. Therefore,

20

If and are numbers such that what is the smallest possible

value of



Choice (D) is correct. If then either or If

then The smallest possible value of

is the expression will have this value when If then

and The smallest possible value for this

expression is which will occur when In either case, the smallest

possible value of is

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. If then both and This is not

possible; if then either or


Choice (B) is not correct. If then either or

Therefore, either or

In either case, so cannot

be the smallest possible value of


Choice (C) is not correct. If then either or

Therefore, either or

In either case, so

cannot be the smallest possible value of

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(E)



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Choice (E) is not correct. If and then

However, if and then yet

Therefore, the smallest possible value of

cannot be


Copyright © 2006 The College Board. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy Terms of Use Contact Us



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Test Sections

Section 1

Section 2

Section 4

Section 5

Section 6

Section 7

Section 8

Section 9

Section 10


View Answers and Explanations


1The architect advised tearing down the old structure, since he did not consider itsufficiently ------- to ------- the heavy winds of the tropical storm the peninsula was expecting.



Choice (C) is correct. “Robust” means sturdy or strongly constructed. “To

withstand” means to resist the effect of something. If one were to insert these

terms into the text, the sentence would read “The architect advised tearing down

the old structure, since he did not consider it sufficiently robust to withstand the

heavy winds of the tropical storm the peninsula was expecting.” It is reasonable to

suggest that the architect advised that the old structure be torn down because he

did not think it was “robust,” or sturdy, enough to “withstand,” or resist the

effect of, the heavy winds. A structure that is not strongly constructed would likely

be damaged or destroyed during a tropical storm.


Choice (A) is incorrect. “Flimsy” means lacking in physical strength or substance.“To forestall” means to prevent by taking precautionary measures. If one were toinsert these terms into the text, the sentence would read “The architect advised

tearing down the old structure, since he did not consider it sufficiently flimsy to

forestall the heavy winds of the tropical storm the peninsula was expecting.” It isillogical to suggest that a structure, especially a “flimsy” one, could “forestall,”

or prevent, the heavy winds of a tropical storm.


Choice (B) is incorrect. “Hardy” means capable of withstanding adverseconditions. “To forecast” means to calculate or predict something in advance. If

one were to insert these terms into the text, the sentence would read“

Thearchitect advised tearing down the old structure, since he did not consider it

sufficiently hardy to forecast the heavy winds of the tropical storm the peninsula

was expecting.” It is illogical to suggest that a structure could “forecast,” or

predict, the heavy winds of a tropical storm.


Choice (D) is incorrect. “Noteworthy” means deserving notice or attention. “To

justify” means to prove to be right or reasonable. If one were to insert theseterms into the text, the sentence would read “The architect advised tearing down

the old structure, since he did not consider it sufficiently noteworthy to justify the

heavy winds of the tropical storm the peninsula was expecting.” An old structure

might be “noteworthy,” or deserving of attention, but it is illogical to suggest

that a structure could “ justify,” or prove reasonable, the heavy winds of a

tropical storm.


Choice (E) is incorrect. “Ramshackle” means carelessly or loosely constructed.“To repel” means to drive back or to resist something. If one were to insert these

terms into the text, the sentence would read “The architect advised tearing down

the old structure, since he did not consider it sufficiently ramshackle to repel the

(A) flimsy . . forestall

(B) hardy . . forecast

(C) robust . . withstand

(D) noteworthy . . justify

(E) ramshackle . . repel



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heavy winds of the tropical storm the peninsula was expecting.” It is illogical tosuggest that a structure could be “sufficiently ramshackle” to “repel,” or drive

back, the heavy winds of the tropical storm. A carelessly constructed structure

would be more likely to be damaged by the winds than to repel the winds.

2

When x-rays were discovered around the turn of the twentieth century, doctors

quickly began to ------- their newfound ability to diagnose maladies by peeringbeneath the surface of the human body.



Choice (C) is correct.“

To exploit”

means to utilize or to make productive use ofsomething. If one were to insert this term into the text, the sentence would read

“When x-rays were discovered around the turn of the twentieth century, doctors

quickly began to exploit their newfound ability to diagnose maladies by peering

beneath the surface of the human body.” Before x-rays were discovered, doctors

did not have the ability to peer beneath the surface of the human body in order to

diagnose maladies. Once x-rays were discovered, doctors were quick to

“exploit,” or make productive use of, this new ability.


Choice (A) is incorrect. “To bequeath” means to hand down. If one were to insert

this term into the text, the sentence would read “When x-rays were discovered

around the turn of the twentieth century, doctors quickly began to bequeath their

newfound ability to diagnose maladies by peering beneath the surface of the human

body.” In order for the term “bequeath” to make sense in this context the

sentence would have to indicate to whom the ability was bequeathed, or handed

down. Additionally, although doctors still use x-rays to diagnose maladies, it is

awkward to suggest that this ability was handed down to them.


Choice (B) is incorrect. “To deny” means to claim to have no association with or

responsibility for something. If one were to insert this term into the text, the

sentence would read “When x-rays were discovered around the turn of the

twentieth century, doctors quickly began to deny their newfound ability to diagnose

maladies by peering beneath the surface of the human body.” There is no reasonto believe that doctors were quick to “deny” their new ability. There is nothinginherently negative about x-rays that would cause doctors to “deny,” or disclaim

association with or responsibility for, the abilities that x-rays allowed.


Choice (D) is incorrect. “To finesse” means to handle something with skillful

maneuvering. If one were to insert this term into the text, the sentence would read

“When x-rays were discovered around the turn of the twentieth century, doctors

quickly began to finesse their newfound ability to diagnose maladies by peering

beneath the surface of the human body.” Although doctors might be eager to use

a newfound technology in ever more sophisticated ways, “finesse” contains a

suggestion of subtlety, and even of evasion, that does not really apply to a scientist

doing medical research.


Choice (E) is incorrect. “To divulge” means to make something known, usually

something private or secret. If one were to insert this term into the text, the

sentence would read “When x-rays were discovered around the turn of the

twentieth century, doctors quickly began to divulge their newfound ability to

diagnose maladies by peering beneath the surface of the human body.” Although

doctors may have quickly made it known that they could use x-rays to diagnose

maladies, there is no reason to believe that this ability was a secret or something

private. Therefore, it does not make logical sense to suggest that the doctors were

quick to “divulge” their newfound ability.

(A) bequeath

(B) deny

(C) exploit

(D) finesse

(E) divulge



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3 Though he was fascinated by the ------- behavior of others, Darek was, by contrast,the model of ------- in his own comportment.



Choice (B) is correct. “Unorthodox” means not following tradition or convention.

“Conformity” is a tendency to behave in ways that are socially acceptable. If one

were to insert these terms into the text, the sentence would read “Though he was

fascinated by the unorthodox behavior of others, Darek was, by contrast, the model

of conformity in his own comportment.” The word “Though” and the phrase“by contrast” indicate that the missing terms will describe opposing types of

behavior. The “unorthodox,” or unconventional, behavior of others contrasts with

Darek’s own “conformity.”


Choice (A) is incorrect. “Hedonistic” means pursuing pleasure and happiness.

“Recklessness” is irresponsibility and a lack of caution. If one were to insert

these terms into the text, the sentence would read “Though he was fascinated by

the hedonistic behavior of others, Darek was, by contrast, the model of

recklessness in his own comportment.” The word “Though” and the phrase “by

contrast” indicate that the missing terms will describe opposing types of behavior.The terms “hedonistic” and “reckless” are not necessarily in opposition to each

other. Hedonism, or the pursuit of pleasure, can sometimes involve irresponsible

behavior and a lack of caution.


Choice (C) is incorrect. “Restless” means continuously moving or unsettled.“Agitation” is a state of emotional disturbance. If one were to insert these termsinto the text, the sentence would read “Though he was fascinated by the restless

behavior of others, Darek was, by contrast, the model of agitation in his own

comportment.” The word “Though” and the phrase “by contrast” indicate

that the missing terms will describe opposing types of behavior. The terms

“restless” and “agitation” are not necessarily in opposition to each other

because both terms can refer to a state of being unsettled or disturbed.


Choice (D) is incorrect. “Egotistical” means having an exaggerated sense of self-importance. “Extremity” is a tendency to commit drastic or desperate acts. If onewere to insert these terms into the text, the sentence would read “Though he was

fascinated by the egotistical behavior of others, Darek was, by contrast, the model

of extremity in his own comportment.” The word “Though” and the phrase “by

contrast” indicate that the missing terms will describe opposing types of behavior.The terms “egotistical” and “extremity” are not necessarily in opposition to

each other. Someone could have both an exaggerated sense of self-importance and

a tendency to commit drastic acts.


Choice (E) is incorrect. “Unwieldy” means not easily managed or handledbecause of weight or complexity. “Rigidity” is the quality of being unyielding and

inflexible. If one were to insert these terms into the text, the sentence would read

“Though he was fascinated by the unwieldy behavior of others, Darek was, by

contrast, the model of rigidity in his own comportment.” Although the second termmakes sense in this context, the first term does not. While the term “unwieldy”

can be used to describe something that is difficult to handle because of its physical

properties or that is difficult to manage because of its complexity, it does not make

sense to describe a person’s behavior as “unwieldy.”

(A) hedonistic . . recklessness

(B) unorthodox . . conformity

(C) restless . . agitation

(D) egotistical . . extremity

(E) unwieldy . . rigidity

4 Teachers who consider cartoons and comic books harmful to students’ literacy skills

often use class time to ------- these media.



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Choice (A) is correct. “To deride” means to ridicule or treat with contemptuous

mirth. If one were to insert this term into the text, the sentence would read

“Teachers who consider cartoons and comic books harmful to students’ literacy

skills often use class time to deride these media.” Teachers who think cartoons

and comic books are harmful to their students’ literacy skills would probably want

to discourage their students from reading these media. Therefore, it is reasonable

to suggest that these teachers often use class time to “deride,” or ridicule,

cartoons and comic books.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is incorrect. “To rationalize” means to cause something to seem

reasonable. If one were to insert this term into the text, the sentence would read

“Teachers who consider cartoons and comic books harmful to students’ literacy

skills often use class time to rationalize these media.” It is unlikely that teachers

would “rationalize” media that they consider to be harmful to their students’

literacy skills.


Choice (C) is incorrect. “To vindicate” means to defend or to provide justification.

If one were to insert this term into the text, the sentence would read “Teachers

who consider cartoons and comic books harmful to students’ literacy skills often

use class time to vindicate these media.” It is unlikely that teachers would

“vindicate,” or defend, cartoons and comic books if they consider these media tobe harmful to their students’ literacy skills.


Choice (D) is incorrect. “To foster” means to encourage or to promote the growth

of something. If one were to insert this term into the text, the sentence would read

“Teachers who consider cartoons and comic books harmful to students’ literacyskills often use class time to foster these media.” It is unlikely that teachers would“foster,” or promote the growth of, cartoons and comic books if they considerthese media to be harmful to their students’ literacy skills.


Choice (E) is incorrect. “To annotate” means to provide explanatory notes for a

written work. If one were to insert this term into the text, the sentence would read

“Teachers who consider cartoons and comic books harmful to students’ literacyskills often use class time to annotate these media.” Teachers who considercartoons and comic books to be harmful to students’ literacy skills would probably

not “annotate” these media. It is unlikely that these teachers would use class

time to provide explanatory notes for written works they consider harmful.

(A) deride

(B) rationalize

(C) vindicate

(D) foster

(E) annotate

5Because he had decided not to ------- himself through the sales of his new product,the inventor anonymously donated all profits to charity.



(A) compromise

(B) invigorate

(C) impoverish

(D) aggrandize

(E) debilitate



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Choice (D) is correct. “To aggrandize” means to make wealthy. If one were toinsert this term into the text, the sentence would read “Because he had decided

not to aggrandize himself through the sales of his new product, the inventor

anonymously donated all profits to charity.” Donating profits to charity is a logical

result of the inventor’s decision not to “aggrandize” himself, or make himself

wealthy.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is incorrect. “To compromise” means to expose oneself to suspicion. If

one were to insert this term into the text, the sentence would read “Because he

had decided not to compromise himself through the sales of his new product, the

inventor anonymously donated all profits to charity.” Nothing in the sentence

indicates that the inventor would be compromised, or exposed to suspicion, if he

kept the profits from his new product. There is not necessarily anything suspicious

about making a profit from the sale of a product.


Choice (B) is incorrect. “To invigorate” means to energize. If one were to insert

this term into the text, the sentence would read “Because he had decided not to

invigorate himself through the sales of his new product, the inventor anonymously

donated all profits to charity.” Although one might find it invigorating to

successfully sell a new product, it is illogical to suggest that the inventor’s decision

to anonymously donate his profits was a result of his decision not to “invigorate,”

or energize, himself.


Choice (C) is incorrect. “To impoverish” means to make poor. If one were to

insert this term into the text, the sentence would read “Because he had decided

not to impoverish himself through the sales of his new product, the inventor

anonymously donated all profits to charity.” It is illogical to suggest that the

inventor would donate his profits in order to avoid making himself poor.


Choice (E) is incorrect. “To debilitate” means to weaken. If one were to insertthis term into the text, the sentence would read “Because he had decided not to

debilitate himself through the sales of his new product, the inventor anonymously

donated all profits to charity.” There is no reason to believe that keeping profits

from the sales of the product would weaken the inventor, so it does not make sense

to say that the inventor donated the profits in order to avoid debilitating himself.

6 Once he had ------- sufficient ------- information, Randall felt confident in publishinghis daring article incriminating the local politician.



Choice (C) is correct. “To obtain” means to gather or to gain. “Corroborating”

means supporting or confirming with evidence. If one were to insert these terms

into the text, the sentence would read “Once he had obtained sufficient

corroborating information, Randall felt confident in publishing his daring article

incriminating the local politician.” If Randall wrote an article that would

incriminate, or expose the crimes or fault of, the local politician, he would need

evidence to support his claims. Obtaining, or gathering, “corroborating”

information would most likely make Randall feel confident in publishing his article.


Choice (A) is incorrect. “To write” means to compose a written work.“Substantial” means important and essential. If one were to insert these terms

into the text, the sentence would read “Once he had written sufficient substantial

(A) written . . substantial

(B) believed . . sensational

(C) obtained . . corroborating

(D) reported . . hackneyed

(E) discovered . . contradicting



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26/142

sense to say that notifying the police was the homeowner’s only “bromide.”

Requesting the help of the police is not a tiresome or hackneyed statement or idea.


Choice (D) is incorrect. “Reckoning” is a settling of accounts. If one were to

insert this term into the text, the sentence would read “Since her personal pleas

had failed to make her noisy neighbors change their ways, the homeowner felt that

her only reckoning was to notify the police.” While the homeowner might see

notifying the police as a settling of the problem with her neighbors, it does not

really make sense in this context to refer to the problem as an account that could

be settled.


Choice (E) is incorrect. “Forbearance” is an act of patience. If one were to insert

this term into the text, the sentence would read “Since her personal pleas had

failed to make her noisy neighbors change their ways, the homeowner felt that her

only forbearance was to notify the police.” It is somewhat illogical to say that

notifying the police was an act of patience. On the contrary, it is most likely that the

homeowner decided to notify the police because she had lost her patience with her

noisy neighbors.

8Despite pressure from reporters to discuss the scandal in which Senator Scottsdale

was currently ------- , the press secretary would not ------- the details of the

senator’s upcoming public address.



Choice (D) is correct. “Embroiled” means involved in a difficulty or conflict. “To

divulge” means to reveal or make public. If one were to insert these terms intothe text, the sentence would read “Despite pressure from reporters to discuss the

scandal in which Senator Scottsdale was currently embroiled, the press secretary

would not divulge the details of the senator’s upcoming public address.” The useof “despite” implies that the reporters were applying pressure in order to get thepress secretary to give them details about the senator’s upcoming speech; in

spite of this pressure, however, the press secretary refuses to make public the

contents of this speech so that the reporters, interested in news about the scandal,

do not know what to expect.


Choice (A) is incorrect. “Imbued” means inspired, influenced thoroughly, or

pervaded.“

To rescind”

means to remove or take back. If one were to insertthese terms into the text, the sentence would read “Despite pressure from

reporters to discuss the scandal in which Senator Scottsdale was currently imbued,

the press secretary would not rescind the details of the senator’s upcoming publicaddress.” Neither term makes sense in this context. Even if the senator had been

influenced by the scandal or it had pervaded his life, it would not make sense to say

he was “imbued” in it. It is also illogical to say that the press secretary refused

to take back information that has not yet been given out.


Choice (B) is incorrect. “Connected” means linked. “To consort” means to

unite or associate. If one were to insert these terms into the text, the sentence

would read “Despite pressure from reporters to discuss the scandal in which

Senator Scottsdale was currently connected, the press secretary would not consort

the details of the senator’s upcoming public address.” While the senator

certainly could be linked to a scandal, it does not make sense to say that the

secretary would not "consort," or associate with, the details.


Choice (C) is incorrect. “Entangled” means involved, usually in a perplexing ortroublesome situation. “To repeal” means to revoke or rescind by an

(A) imbued . . rescind

(B) connected . . consort

(C) entangled . . repeal

(D) embroiled . . divulge

(E) compliant . . quash



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authoritative act. If one were to insert these terms into the text, the sentence would

read “Despite pressure from reporters to discuss the scandal in which Senator

Scottsdale was currently entangled, the press secretary would not repeal the details

of the senator’s upcoming public address.” The first term makes sense here: the

senator could certain be involved in a troublesome way in a scandal. But it makes

little sense to say that the secretary refused to “repeal,” or revoke, information

that has not yet been given out.


Choice (E) is incorrect. “Compliant” means submissive or willing to comply. “To

quash” means to suppress or extinguish. If one were to insert these terms into the

text, the sentence would read “Despite pressure from reporters to discuss the

scandal in which Senator Scottsdale was currently compliant, the press secretary

would not quash the details of the senator’s upcoming public address.” It is

unlikely that a senator would be submissive to or willing to comply with a scandal.

Additionally, it makes little sense to say that the secretary refused to “quash,” or

suppress, information that has not yet been given out.

Modern historians use the terms “ feudalism” and “ manorialism” to refer to the

ways that medieval European societies were organized.

Passage 1

Passage 2

“Feudalism” is one of those words that have taken on so many extended and figurative meanings that the originalLine meaning has been obscured. Today any5 oppressive government, greedy landholder, or brutal exploiter of labor is called feudal—always with disapproval. This is unfair to feudalism. The word is also often confused with the “manorial

10 system,” which tied peasants to the land

they worked. Feudalism is a total organization of society. It is a scheme of political organization, based in law and overlapping with social and economic15 organization.

Older historians used the term “feudalism” for the whole medieval social order, which was a peasant society dominated by a

military, land-owning aristocracy. Modern20 usage generally restricts the word to the network of relations between tenants and lords within the aristocracy. The system governing the peasant’s relation to the lord, which was the economic foundation25 of medieval society, is usually designated the “manorial system.” The relationships embodied in the feudal and manorial systems were simple enough in theory: In the manorial system, a peasant labored30 for a lord in return for land of his own; in the feudal system, a lord held lands from the king or the overlord in return for



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supplying soldiers on demand.

9 Which of the following is closest to what the author of Passage 1 means by the phrase“This is unfair to feudalism” (line 8)?



Choice (D) is correct. In this section of the passage, “this” refers back to the

previous sentence: “Today any oppressive government, greedy landholder, or

brutal exploiter of labor is called feudal—always with disapproval.” The author of

Passage 1 has also just reminded us that “the original meaning [of feudalism] has

been obscured” through overuse and misuse. It can be inferred, then, that the

unfairness the author sees is a result of this oversimplification and that the term, in

the author’s view, should not have “only negative connotations,” or should not

be associated only with greed, oppression, and brutality.


Choice (A) is incorrect. The author of Passage 1 does not comment on whether or

not the term “feudalism” should be used figuratively, but, rather, is concerned

that the term has unfortunately taken on nothing but negative connotations. This

author is not stating or suggesting that “feudalism” should be used only in the

literal sense.


Choice (B) is incorrect. The author of Passage 1 does not say that “feudalism”

should not be used to refer to a system of government; rather, the author says that

the term should not be associated only with oppressive forms of government.


Choice (C) is incorrect. The author of Passage 1 does not comment on how those

who lived under feudalism would have felt about the term itself, nor that they even

used the term.


Choice (E) is incorrect. The author of Passage 1 does think that the term

“feudalism” has been misused, but does not say that the term has becomemeaningless; on the contrary, the author says that the “original meaning” of theword has become “obscured,” and that in current usage, the term has only

negative connotations.

(A) “Feudalism” should not be used figuratively.

(B) “Feudalism” should not be used to refer to a system of government.

(C) Those who lived in feudal societies would disapprove of the way the termis currently used.

(D) “Feudalism” should not necessarily have only negative connotations.

(E) “Feudalism” has been misused to the extent that the term no longer has

a meaning.

10The word “extended” in line 2 most nearly means



Choice (B) is correct. In this sentence, the author is saying that the term

“feudalism” has acquired so many “extended and figurative” meanings that its

original meaning has been mostly forgotten. Before finally defining feudalism at the

end of Passage 1, the author goes through various negative meanings that the

(A) prolonged

(B) expanded

(C) removed

(D) allocated

(E) intensive



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word has “taken on” to its detriment. From its start as “a total organization ofsociety,” feudalism has, in the modern mind, come to symbolize oppression,

servitude, and other such woes; these are part of its “extended,” or expanded,

meanings—in the author’s view, erroneous ones.


Choice (A) is incorrect. In this sentence, the author is decrying the “extended and

figurative” meanings that the term “feudalism” has acquired. While the newdefinitions may indeed be “prolonged” in the sense of being long-lasting, it is the

number of new connotations that the author is concentrating on here—the term’s“expansion.”


Choice (C) is incorrect. In this sentence, the author is decrying the “extended and

figurative” meanings that the term “feudalism” has acquired. While

“removed” can mean “distanced,” and while the author can be said to be

speaking of definitions that are “distanced” from the original, this would be a

cumbersome and awkward way of getting at the intended meaning—that the term

has “expanded” in definition.


Choice (D) is incorrect. In this sentence, the author is decrying the “extended andfigurative” meanings that the term “feudalism” has acquired. In this context, it

would make little sense to say that the term has taken on “allocated,” ordesignated, new meanings.


Choice (E) is incorrect. In this sentence, the author is decrying the “extended andfigurative” meanings that the term “feudalism” has acquired. In this context, itwould make little sense to say that the term has taken on “intensive,” or

concentrated, new meanings.

11According to the author of Passage 2, the term “manorial” refers to



Choice (C) is correct. In the third sentence of Passage 2—while trying to distinguishbetween manorialism and feudalism—the author says that the manorial system isusually defined as “the system governing the peasant’s relation to the lord,which was the economic foundation of medieval society.”


Choice (A) is incorrect. The author of Passage 2 does mention “the whole medievalsocial order,” but connects it with the term “feudalism” rather than with theterm “manorialism”: “Older historians used the term ‘feudalism’ for the

whole medieval social order.”


Choice (B) is incorrect. The author of Passage 2 does mention relationships

“between tenants and lords within the aristocracy,” but connects theserelationships with the term “feudalism” rather than with the term“manorialism”: “Modern usage generally restricts the word to the network of

relations between tenants and lords within the aristocracy.”


Choice (D) is incorrect. The author of Passage 2 does mention the exchange of

military protection for land ownership, but connects it with the term “feudalism”

(A) the whole medieval social order

(B) the relationships among the members of the medieval aristocracy

(C) the economic relationship between medieval peasants and lords

(D) the exchange of military protection for land ownership

(E) the system of laws governing overlords



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rather than with the term “manorialism”: “in the feudal system, a lord heldlands from the king or the overlord in return for supplying soldiers on demand.”


Choice (E) is incorrect. The only mention in Passage 2 of overlords has to do with

military protection in feudalism, not manorialism: “in the feudal system, a lord

held lands from the king or the overlord in return for supplying soldiers on

demand.”

12 Compared with the tone of Passage 1, the tone of Passage 2 is more



Choice (A) is correct. Whereas the tone of Passage 1 is opinionated, evenargumentative—“Today any oppressive government, greedy landholder, or brutal

exploiter of labor is called feudal—always with disapproval. This is unfair to

feudalism”—the tone of Passage 2 is, by comparison, unemotional, or

“objective.” Since Passage 2 is largely concerned with definitions, this objectivity

is appropriate: “Older historians used,” “Modern usage generally restricts,”

and other such phrases inject a decidedly unemotional, rational tone.


Choice (B) is incorrect. While it might be valid to call Passage 1 “disdainful”—

that is, disdainful of those who have overused and misused the term

“feudalism”—the tone of Passage 2 is objective, dispassionate, and explanatory.


Choice (C) is incorrect. It would be hard to find anything particularly “lively” or

colorful in Passage 2, either in comparison with Passage 1 or not. The tone of

Passage 2 is objective, dispassionate, and explanatory.


Choice (D) is incorrect. While it might be valid to call Passage 1

“unsympathetic”—that is, unsympathetic with those who have overused andmisused the term “feudalism—the tone of Passage 2 is objective, dispassionate,

and explanatory.


Choice (E) is incorrect. While Passage 1 could accurately be called

“argumentative”—that is, it argues that the term “feudalism” has unfairly

been misused and overused—the tone of Passage 2 is, by comparison, objective,dispassionate, and explanatory.

(A) objective

(B) disdainful

(C) lively

(D) unsympathetic

(E) argumentative

In the following excerpt from a novel, Samuel Tyne, a Canadian of Ghanaian descent,

returns to work at the Canadian Ministry of Economics after attending his uncle’s

funeral.

His overt melancholy aggravated his boss, for it made Samuel hard to approach. Just a glance into Samuel’s

Line cubicle gave his co-workers much to gloat5 about. It seemed a wonder he was such an exacting employee, with the swift but pitiful stride that brought him,



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disillusioned, to the threshold of every meeting. Yet he was so indispensable in10 that ministry that his co-workers regretted every slur they flung at him, lest the slights drive him to suicide. For not only would the department collapse without his doting, steady logic to balance it, but it15 seemed at times that the entire Canadian economy depended on the reluctant, soft- wristed scribbling he did in his green ledger. There Samuel sat each day,20 painfully tallying his data, his pencil poised like a scalpel in his hand, frowning at the gruesome but inevitable task ahead of him. Dwarfed by a monstrous blue suit, Samuel would finger the mournful

25 pre-war bowler that never left his head. And it was such an earnest sight, such an intimate window into a man whose nature seemed to be all windows—people wondered if he actually had a public self —

30 that he might have been the only man in the world to claim vulnerability as his greatest asset. The day after the funeral, Samuel returned to work to find a note from his35 bosses on his desk: Come See Us. What could they possibly reprimand him for? He was a fast and diligent worker, with enough gumption to use a little imaginative reasoning when40 some economic nuisance called for it. He was punctual and tidy, not overly familiar with his co-workers; quite simply, the best employee they had. Rather than indignation, though, Samuel only felt fear.45 To buy himself time, he crumpled a few

clean papers from his ledger, and walked the narrow aisles between cubicles to throw them in the hallway garbage bin. He returned to find both bosses,

50 Dombey and Son*, as he’d nicknamed

them, at his desk. Dombey’s German sense of humor failed to translate, at least to Samuel, who always overdid his laugh to mask confusion. Son, whose current55 prestige was pure nepotism, looked at

Samuel with the coldness that cloaked all of his dealings, as if he knew he was inept and needed to compensate.



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“Tyne,” Dombey said, “we need to

60 talk about the Olds account.” Samuel pinched the brim of his hat with his thumbs. “Ah, yes. Sorry, yes. I think, sir, I handed that in before I took day leave for my uncle’s funeral.”

65

“It contains a dreadful error,

” said Son, blinking violently behind his glasses.

He jerked the report at Samuel. There it was, plain as day, on page six. A miscalculation Samuel must have70 made while thinking about Jacob’s death and the house. He stood there, hat in hand, aghast. “We realize,” continued Son, “that the job sometimes gets stressful. That,75 per se, there are times when one cannot always be as on-the-ball as is required. But this defies all. Not only is it not up to standard, it’s downright misleading.” That was the way Son spoke, as80 though he hadn’t mastered the bureaucratic language, wielding phrases such as “per se” and “not up to standard” like the residue of some management handbook. Even Dombey seemed85 perplexed by this at times.

The muscle in Samuel’s cheek trembled. He nodded. “We understand you’ve just suffered a big loss, Samuel,” said

90 Dombey, “but as you know this is a federal workplace. What would happen, say, if you made this kind of error daily? Now, we’re certainly not saying that you do. But what would happen? I’ll tell you

95 what would happen. You’d have ladies

collapsing in ten-hour lines just to get a loaf of bread to feed their families. You’d have children skipping school because there aren’t enough clothes to go around.

100 Babies dying without milk. Old folks crumbling in their rockers. It’d be pandemonium with a capital P— depression. We are the economy. We answer to the prime minister. There is no105 room for error here.” Dombey scratched his head and looked wistful. “Oh, don’t look so glum.” Again, Samuel nodded. Son, fearing his role in the



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110 reprimand unnecessary, added, “We are, of course, deeply sorry for your loss, but you must remember our country is in your hands.” Dombey frowned at Son, and the115 two men walked off. When they left, Samuel heard through the divider the rude laughter of Sally Mather. His face burning, he sat at his desk, and picking up his green ledger, tried to make up for the120 ten minutes lost time.

* Dombey and Son is a novel by the English writerCharles Dickens.

13 In line 20, the word “painfully” is closest in meaning to



Choice (A) is correct. In this context, “painfully” most closely means

“laboriously.” Tyne’s job is “tallying … data” and is a “gruesome but

inevitable task,” descriptions that imply something monotonous and never-ending

but something he has to do. Even so, Tyne performs the task with concentratedattention because he is an “exacting employee” and a “fast and diligent

worker.”


Choice (B) is incorrect. Although Tyne’s work might be critical (“it seemed at

times that the entire Canadian economy depended on” Tyne), Tyne does not

perform his job “critically,” or in a critical manner. Instead, “painfully” most

closely means “laboriously.” Tyne’s job is “tallying … data” and is a“gruesome but inevitable task,” descriptions that imply something monotonous

and never-ending but something he has to do.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is incorrect. Tyne’s job does not require Tyne to perform it withsensitivity. Instead, “painfully” most closely means “laboriously.” Tyne’s jobis “tallying … data” and is a “gruesome but inevitable task,” descriptions that

imply something monotonous and never-ending but something he has to do.


Choice (D) is incorrect. Tyne does not perform his job in a harmful way, and

performing the job does not harm Tyne. Instead, “painfully” most closely means“laboriously.” Tyne’s job is “tallying … data” and is a “gruesome but

inevitable task,” descriptions that imply something monotonous and never-ending

but something he has to do.


Choice (E) is incorrect. It would make no sense to say that Tyne performs his job

“acutely,” or severely. Instead, “painfully” most closely means

“laboriously.” Tyne’s job is “tallying … data” and is a “gruesome butinevitable task,” descriptions that imply something monotonous and never-ending

but something he has to do.

(A) laboriously

(B) critically

(C) sensitively

(D) harmfully

(E) acutely



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14 In line 22, the word “gruesome” is closest in meaning to



Choice (B) is correct. As used in line 22, “gruesome” most closely means

“repugnant.” Although Tyne is an “exacting employee” and a “fast anddiligent worker,” he dislikes the work. Each day Tyne sits at his desk, “painfully

tallying his data” and “frowning” at the work in front of him.


Choice (A) is incorrect. Tyne’

s work is not“

shocking”

or surprising to him. Heperforms the work each day. Instead, the work is “repugnant.” Although Tyne is

an “exacting employee” and a “fast and diligent worker,” he dislikes the work.

Each day Tyne sits at his desk, “painfully tallying his data” and “frowning” at

the work in front of him.


Choice (C) is incorrect. Although “gruesome” can mean “frightening,” that is

not the meaning here. Tyne is not frightened by his work. He is bored and

disgusted with it.


Choice (D) is incorrect. Tyne’s work is not “crude.” It is boring and“repugnant” paperwork.


Choice (E) is incorrect. Tyne’s work is not “sensational” or exciting. On thecontrary, it is boring and “repugnant” paperwork.

(A) shocking

(B) repugnant

(C) frightening

(D) crude

(E) sensational

15

The second paragraph implies that Tyne’s clothes make him appear which of the

following?



Choice (B) is correct. Tyne’s clothes make him appear “pathetic.” The suit Tyne

wears every day is much too large for him (“dwarfed by a monstrous blue suit”),

and his hat, which “never left his head,” is very much out of style (“mournfulpre-war bowler”). These descriptions imply that the clothes are hand-me-downs or

perhaps purchased from a used-clothing store and certainly that they were not

Tyne’s originally. The description is meant to suggest that he looks silly.


Choice (A) is incorrect. Tyne’s clothes are not “casual.” Tyne wears a suit and

hat to work.

(A) Casual

(B) Pathetic

(C) Stylish

(D) Proud

(E) Inappropriate



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Choice (C) is incorrect. Tyne’s clothes are certainly not “stylish.” Instead, they

are unstylish and make Tyne appear “pathetic.” The suit Tyne wears

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