Saying the dateFormula =

Es el (number) de (month)Exception =

The first of the month is “Es el primero de (month)”

Example = May 5th

Es el cinco de mayoPractice: Write the following dates

ChristmasNew years day August 10th

Es el veinticinco de diciembre

Es el primero de enero

Es el diez de agosto

Definite and indefinite articlesDefinition of an article: a small word that comes

before a noun and translates as “the, a, an, some”. It must match the item in number and gender.Definite articles refer to something specific. “the”Indefinite articles refer to something in general.

“a, an, some”

Definite articles Singular Plural

Masculine

Feminine

el

la

los

las

Indefinite articles

Singular Plural

Masculine

Feminine

un

una

unos

unas

Subject pronounsSubject pronouns replace the name of the person

doing the action in a sentence.In English they are I, you, he, she, it, we, and

they.Spanish subject pronouns Singular Plural

1st person

2nd person

3rd person

yo

tú

élella

usted (Ud.)

Nosotros, nosotras

ellosellas

ustedes (Uds.)

SerThe verb ser is one of two verbs in Spanish that

translates as “to be”. The verbs are not interchangeable.

Use ser in the following situations: The hour, day, and date nationality Occupation Physical or character description Religious or political affiliation Origin Possession relationship of one person to another certain impersonal expressions where an event is taking place essential qualities The material something is made of

“to be” English conjugations

I amYou are

He, she, it isWe are

They are

SER Singular Plural

1st person I am = __________________ We are ____________________

2nd person You (familiar) are ____________ XXX

3rd person

He is =____________________

She is=____________________

You(formal) are =___________

it is=______________________

They (m) are=_______________

They (f) are=_______________

all of you are=______________

They (things) are =___________

Yo soy

Tú eres

Él es

ella es

Ud. es

es

Nosotros(as) somos

Ellos son

Ellas son

Ustedes son

son

TimeTelling time Formula =

(Es/son) + (la, las) + (hour) + (y/menos) + (minutes) + (Time of day) At what time formula =

A + (la, las) + (hour) + (y/menos) + (minutes) + (Time of day) Examples: 1:10 pm __________________________________________________________

8:30am __________________________________________________________

7:15 pm __________________________________________________________

9:45 am __________________________________________________________

Or_________________________________________________________

Es la una y diez de la tarde

Son las ocho y media de la mañana

Son las siete y cuarto de la noche

Son las nueve y cuarenta y cinco de la mañana

Son las diez menos cuarto de la mañana

AdjectivesAdjectives definition

A word that describes or modifies a nounAdjectives in Spanish must match the noun in

number and genderAdjectives are generally placed after the

noun in the sentence.

El carro verde

Los carros verdes

Conjugating –ar verbsDefinitions

Verb

Infinitive

Subject

Subject pronouns

Conjugate

Conjugations

A word that represents an action or a state of being– “it’s what you do”the simple or basic form of the verb, the unchanged

verb with the –ar, -er, or –ir still attached to the end of the word. Generally means “to do something” ex: hablar – to speak

the person doing the action

Words that replace the person’s name and used as the subject of a noun

changing the verb to match the subject

the forms of the verb after it has been conjugated or changed to match the subjects

Conjugating –ar verbsSteps

1.Take off the –ar ending. Hablar –ar = habl (this is called the stem)

2.Figure out who the subject isYo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, nosotras, ellos, ellas,

ustedes

3.Add the appropriate endingo

as

a

amos

an

Example: HABLAR

Singular Plural

1st person

2nd Person

3rd person

hablohablas

habla

hablamos

hablan

Irregular verbs IR, DAR, and EstarConjugations and translations

Ir = __________ Dar = ____________ Estar = ____________To go

voy

vas

va

vamos

van

To give

das

da

damos

dan

doy

To be

estoy

estás

está están

estamos

IRThe verb ir and its conjugations are generally

followed by “a”To say you are going to do something formula (ir) + a + (infinitive)To say you are going to some place formula (ir) + a + (article) + (noun)Contractions: _______ + _______ = ________ (to the, at the)_______ + _______ = ________ (of the, from the)

a el al

de el del

Voy a estudiar

vamos a la escuela

EstarThis verb is not interchangeable with ser!Usage Rhyme:How you feel and where you are, you always

use the verb estar.Health, feelings, location, emotions, present

progressive tense

Negation (making something negative)It’s so simple! Just add NO NO after the subject

pronoun and before the verb

Ex: yo no como el pescado Ex: yo no como el pescado I do not eat fish I do not eat fish

TENER/ VENIR "Tener" and

"venir" are both irregular verbs.

Because they are irregular, you

must memorize their conjugations. We present these

two verbs together because they are very similar in the

way they are conjugated:

Tener Venirto have to come from

tengo / vengotienes / vienestiene / vienetenemos / venimostenéis / venístienen / vienen

IR + A + infinitive In Spanish, many

useful expressions are

formed by combining two

verbs. When this occurs, the first

verb is conjugated, while the second verb remains in the infinitive form.

ir, viajarYo voy a viajar a España.

I am going to travel to Spain.

TENER QUETener que +

infinitive is one way to express obligation

or necessity. This expression can be

translated as "someone has to do something." Tener is

conjugated according to the

subject of the sentence.

Tengo que comer las verduras.I have to eat the vegetables.

Ángel tiene que leer el periódico.Ángel has to read the newspaper.

Ellos tienen que comprar una revista.They have to buy a magazine.