sc form 1 6.0 sources of energy

8/8/2019 Sc Form 1 6.0 Sources of Energy

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6.1 Various Forms and Sources of Energy

y Energy the ability to do work

y Every living thing needs energy to live and to

carry out its daily activitiesy Man and animals get their energy from the food

they eat

y Plants get energy from the food they make

during photosynthesis

y Energy is also needed to move vehicles and to

operate machines


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Forms of Energy1. Light energy

2. Kinetic energy

3. Potential energy4. Sound energy

5. Heat energy

6. Electrical energy7. Chemical energy

8. Nuclear energy


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1. Kinetic energyy Anything that moves has kinetic energy

y The faster an object moves, the more kinetic

energy it has

A moving car Water flowing in a river


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2.Potential energyGravitational potential energy

y Energy that is stored in an object due to its position

y The higher or heavier an object, the bigger is its

potential energy

Water at the Coconuts on a

top of waterfall coconut tree


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2.Potential energy

Elastic potential energy

yEnergy that is stored due to its position

A stretched A bent plastic ruler

rubber band


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3.

Light energyy Anything that gives out light

y Enables us to see

yThe sun is the primary source of energy

Lighted candles Burning charcoal


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4. Heat energyy Anything that is hot

y Can be detected by ourskin

A burning gas stove Volcanic eruption


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5. Sound energyy Energy that is produced by vibrations

y Can be detected by our ears

Thunder A barking dog


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6.

Chemical energyyEnergy that is stored in food, fuels and

chemical substances

The food we eat Petrol


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7. Electrical energyyProduced by electricity

Bicycle dynamo Solar cells


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8.Nuclear energy

yStored in the nucleus of atom

Atomic bombs


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Sources of Energyy Energy cannot be created

y It can be obtained from sources which exist

naturallyy The various sources of energy are:

a) The sun e) Biomass

b) Wind f) Geothermal

c) Water g) Radioactive/nuclear

d) Waves h) Fossil fuels (petroleum,

coal and natural gas)


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1. The sun (solar)y It is the primary source of energy

y It gives out heat energy and light energy


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2. Wind

y It is the air that is moving

y It has kinetic energy


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3. Water

yWater that is stored has potential energy


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3. Water


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4. Waves

y It is formed when wind blows across thesea


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5. Biomass

y It is formed from

the waste products

or decomposition of

plants and animals


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5. Biomass


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6. Geothermaly It is the heat energy inside the earth


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6. Geothermal


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7. Radioactive / Nuclear

y It exists in radioactive or nuclearsubstances such as uranium or plutonium


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Review : Effects of Atomic BombsySkin burning


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Review : Effects f t ic s

yFoetus deformation


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yBaby deformation


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yDisability


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8. Fossil fuels

(coal, petroleum and natural gas)

They are from plants

and animals that died

millions of years ago


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Fractional distillation of petroleum (crude oil)


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Coal

Coal train Mining coal


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F r ati f C al


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Coal

Burning coal


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Energy change and energy converter

yEnergy cannot be created or destroyed

yEnergy can change from one form toanother

yAnything that changes energy from one

form to another is called an energyconverter


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Examples of energy converter and energy change

A turning fan

Electrical Kinetic energy +energy Sound energy


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A lighted candle

Chemical Light energy +energy Heat energy


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An electric circuit

Chemical Electrical Light energy

energy energy + Heat energy


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A wind up toy car

Potential Kinetic energy +energy Sound energy


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6.2 Renewable and

Non-renewable Energy

y Energy sources can be divided into:

Renewable Non-renewable

Sun

Wind

Wave

Water

Biomass

Geothermal

Radioactive substance

Fossil fuels

- Petroleum

- Natural gas

- Coal


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Renewa l

eene

rgy s rce

s

yEnergy sources that can be replaced

and will not be used up

(sumber tenaga yang boleh diganti

dan tidak akan habis)


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Renewable Energy


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Non- renew

a le

ene

rgy sou

rce

syEnergy sources that cannot be

replaced and will eventually be usedup

(sumber tenaga yang tidak bolehdiganti dan akan habis digunakansuatu hati nanti)


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Summary


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Use

so

f so

larene

rgyy It is stored in solar cells, solar panels and

solar heaters

y It is used to produce heat and electricity

y It is used by green plants to make food

during photosynthesis

y It is clear and does not pollute the

environment


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U

ses of solar energy

Solar panels Solar heaters


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Ways t

ou

se

ene

rgye

fficien

tlyy Walk or cycle for short trips

y Car pool to work

y Use public transport if possibley Switch off electrical appliances when not in use

y Used fluorescent lamps instead of filament lamps

y Service machines and engines of motor vehicles

regularly

y Invent more efficient machines and more vehicles

that do not use much energy


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Ways t

ou

se

ene

rgye

fficien

tly


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Ways t

ou

se

ene

rgye

fficien

tly


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6.3 The Importance of

Conserving Energy Sources

yTo prevent energy crisis

ySo that non-renewable energy sources willnot be depleted quickly

ySo that there will still be energy sources

left for the future generation to use


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6.3 The Importance of

Conserving Energy Sources

ySo that the uses of energy do not pollute

the environment and cause healthproblems to living things

ySo that man can still enjoy a comfortable

life with the technology that uses energysources


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sc form 1 6.0 sources of energy

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