science 2.0
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TRANSCRIPT
Science 2.0Fridolin Wild
KMi, The Open [email protected]
Outline
• Preliminaries• Science 2.0 Support Environments• Featured Duplo Bricks– Science Proxies– Flashmeeting
• Conclusion
Before we begin…
Information could be the quality of a certain signal.Science could be about systematically giving birth to information in order to create knowledge
Information could be a logical abstractor.Knowledge could be the delta at the receiver (a paper, a human, a library).
Science, Information, Knowledge
(96dpi)
Tools that bring together people and content artefacts in activities that support in constructing and processing information and knowledge.
... are probably around us ever since the ‚homo habilis‘ started to use more
sophisticated stone tools at the beginning of the Pleistocene
some two million years ago. Science SupportEnvironments
Early qualitative research: capturing hunting experiences on the cave walls.
Inherently Networks
Actors (people, artefacts, and tools) in various locations with heterogeneous affiliations, purposes, styles, objectives, etc.
Network effects make the network exponentially more valuable with growing size
To develop a shared understanding is part of the research work because language underspecifies meaning: future ‘cloud’ research will build on it
And at the same time: linguistic relativity (Sapir-Whorf hypothesis): language culture restricts our thinking
Environments = Research Outcome
Science support environmentsare part of the research outcomes!
not a precondition (like data)! Setting up and maintaining a science
support environment is part of the knowledge work: future experiences will be made through it
knowing tools, people, artefacts, and activities ... enables!
Designing for Emergence is
more powerful than programming by
instruction
Why? Occam’s Razor!
Emergence
Emergent behaviour: observable dynamics
show unanticipated activity
Surprising: the participating systems have not been instructed to do so specifically (may even not have intended it)
Science 2.0 Support Environments
The ‘Frankensteining’ of software artefacts and data
Shift locus of control to the end-user
Opportunistic Design (Hartmann et al., 2008; Ncube et al., 2008)
‘Excel Scripting for the Web’
Various Strategies (cf. Gamble & Gamble, 2008)
Mash-Ups
Mash-Up Architecture
(iX 10/2008, Enterprise Mashups, p. 99)
A Platform: MUPPLE.org
using distance.ktu.lt/scuttle
using stellarnet.eu/d/7/1
using www.objectspot.org
{ using http://… }share bookmarks
find papers
summarize papers
{ do s.th. } { for an output }
RSS feed
?Recommendations: tools, activities, …
Recommendations :patterns
Analytics: Tracking:interactions & usage
Scrutable:shift control to user
More Duplo: Science Proxies
Tale of two doors(Erickson, 2007)
Tale of two doors
Visibility produces awareness
Awareness triggers social norms
Mutual visibility triggers accountability
Which reinforces social norms
(Erickson, 2007)
Proxies
A social proxy is a minimalist graphical representation that makes people and their activities more visible (Erickson, 2007)
A science proxy is a minimalist graphical representation that makes researchers and their research activities more visible
ComposerProxy | TopicProxy | FieldProxy
Relationships in Composition
au2au
Interoperable building blocks: allow for re-use
TopicProxies | FieldProxyComposerProxy |
Topics2000
Topics2008
New Terms in 2008
The mathemagics behindMeaning Interaction Analysis
FieldProxyComposerProxy | TopicProxy |
FieldProxy
Bringing together what belongs together
Spot unwanted fragmentatione.g. two authors work on the
same topic, but with different collaborator groups and with different literature
Intervention Instrument: automatically recommend
to hold a flashmeeting
Wild, Ochoa, Heinze, Crespo, Quick (2009, to appear)
Creating cohesion
Communities are often not very dense, i.e. not resilient
With key persons withdrawing, the network can fragment
Recommend to build additional links, cutting out the middleman
Wild, Ochoa, Heinze, Crespo, Quick (2009, to appear)
Live Exploring nyx.cti.espol.edu.ec/ectel/
More Duplo: Flashmeeting
flashmeeting.com
Conclusion
Up, up, towards a Science 2.0
Science 2.0 is social and so are the support environments.Environments are outcomes of research activity.Mash-ups, proxies, and flashmeeting are ‘duplos’ that foster emergence.
Recent advances in technology and practice provide fascinating new means for open, networked, and self-organised co-construction of knowledge.
Beware, the end is near.
Science 2.0 framework
AgreementProxy