science and the scientific method · 2018-09-10 · scientific inquiry after drawing conclusions,...
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Scientific inquiryMr. Banks
7th and 8TH grade science
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Scientific inquiry
Scientific inquiry is the
process by which scientists
study the natural world
and propose explanations
based on the evidence
they gather.
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Scientific inquiry
Scientific inquiry starts with an observation about the world that leads to a question.
Scientific questions are questions that can be answered by gathering data and evidence.
Does Pepsi have more carbonation than coke?
How does air temperature effect honey production in bees?
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Scientific inquiry
After posing a question,
scientists develop a
hypothesis.
A hypothesis is a possible
explanation for a set of
observations or answer to
a scientific question.
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Scientific inquiry
A hypothesis is not a fact.
A hypothesis MUST be
testable.
Meaning that scientist
must be able to carry out
investigations to gather
evidence that either
supports or disproves the
hypothesis.
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Scientific inquiry
Testing a hypothesis usually means conducting
multiple experiments.
Scientists do experiments to generate data that
they can use to evaluate a hypothesis.
We’ll talk about
how to design an
experiment later.
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Scientific inquiry
Data is generated
and recorded
during experiments.
After being
recorded, scientists
organize and
interpret the data
to see if any deeper
meanings can be
gathered.
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Scientific inquiry
Collected data is
often gathered
into tables and
graphs to make it
easier to interpret
and understand.
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Scientific inquiry
After collecting and
analyzing their data,
scientists see what they
can infer from the new
data.
They use these inferences
to evaluate whether the
data supports or disproves
their hypothesis.
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Scientific inquiry
After drawing
conclusions, it is
important for scientists
to share their findings.
Communicating their
results allows scientists
to build on each other’s
work, and makes sure
science moves forward.
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Scientific inquiry
Usually scientist repeat their experiments
multiple times to be sure that they always get
similar results.
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Scientific theories
An important concept to
understand is that
scientific hypotheses can
never be “proven”.
Once a VERY large
amount of evidence is
found to support a
hypotheses, it is then
called a theory.
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Scientific theories
Scientific theories are well-
tested explanations for a
wide range of observations
or experimental results.
Theories have a large
amount of evidence to
support them and little to no
evidence that opposes
them.
Scientists consider theories
to be reliable and as close
as you can get to proving a
hypothesis.
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Scientific laws
Scientific laws are
statements that describe
some aspect or behavior
of the universe scientists
expect to happen every
time under a certain
condition.
Unlike theories, laws do
NOT try to explain why
something happens, just
that it does.
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Scientific inquiry
1. Make an observation
2. Ask a question
3. Create a hypothesis
4. Design an experiment
5. Gather and analyze
data
6. Draw conclusions
7. Share results
8. Repeat the
experiment?
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Data
There are two types of data.
Quantitative data are observations
that can be measured or counted.
Ex. There are a certain number of
males and females in this class.
Qualitative data are observations
that are descriptions or cannot be
counted.
Ex. The softness of a cat’s fur.