Science & Science & Christianity: Christianity: Separate but Separate but

Equal?Equal?Robert J. Marks II, Ph.D.Robert J. Marks II, Ph.D.

Distinguished Professor of Electrical & Computer Distinguished Professor of Electrical & Computer EngineeringEngineering

Baylor UniversityBaylor University

Robert_Marks@Baylor.eduRobert_Marks@Baylor.edu

The New AtheistsThe New Atheists

Dawkins Scott Hitchens Harris

Myers

““Christian theism must be Christian theism must be rejected by any person with rejected by any person with even a shred of respect for even a shred of respect for reason” George H. Smith, reason” George H. Smith,

Atheist PhilosopherAtheist Philosopher

Separate But Equal?Separate But Equal?

Separate But Equal?Separate But Equal?Who gets to Who gets to define define “SCIENCE”“SCIENCE”

““Science must Science must exclude God.”exclude God.”

““Only things Only things proven by science proven by science

can be believed.can be believed.’’’’Self RefutingSelf Refuting

What motivates research at the Academy?What motivates research at the Academy?

Historically, many in science were motivated in their work by their...

…Seeking of God

HISTORY OF SCIENCE…

“… “… the Christian the Christian world … gave world … gave

birth in a clear, birth in a clear, articulate articulate

fashion to the fashion to the experimental experimental

method of method of science itself.”science itself.”

Loren Eiseley, “Darwin’s Century” (Garden City, NY, Doubleday, 1958,

Doubleday Anchor Books, 1961), p.62.

“… “… Hebrew and Hebrew and Christian belief in a Christian belief in a

deity who was at once deity who was at once a Creator and Law-giver a Creator and Law-giver rendered … [the idea of rendered … [the idea of

the ‘laws of nature’] the ‘laws of nature’] valid.”valid.”

A.R. Hall, HistorianA.R. Hall, Historian

HISTORY OF SCIENCE

The Beauty of CreationThe Beauty of CreationIn Science & Math, Researchers see God’s Laws in Creation.

Motivation?Motivation? Premise #1: Some Scientists, Engineers Premise #1: Some Scientists, Engineers

and Mathematicians embrace a belief in and Mathematicians embrace a belief in God. Motivation for research, in certain God. Motivation for research, in certain cases, stems in part from their curiosity of cases, stems in part from their curiosity of discovering God’s creation and the awe discovering God’s creation and the awe and remarkable beauty of the relationships and remarkable beauty of the relationships they uncover.they uncover.

““Science brings man nearer to God” Science brings man nearer to God” Louis PasteurLouis Pasteur

““The more I study nature, the more I The more I study nature, the more I

stand amazed at the work of the stand amazed at the work of the Creator. Into his tiniest creatures, God Creator. Into his tiniest creatures, God has placed extraordinary has placed extraordinary properties ...” properties ...”

Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)

““God is going to to reveal to us things God is going to to reveal to us things He never revealed before if we put our He never revealed before if we put our hands in His.”hands in His.”

George Washington Carver (1865-George Washington Carver (1865-1943) 1943)

(who named his laboratory (who named his laboratory God’s Little Workshop.)God’s Little Workshop.)

1. Gutenberg, Johann 2. Newton, Isaac 3. Luther, Martin 4. Darwin, Charles 5. Shakespeare, William 6. Columbus, Christopher 7. Marx, Karl 8. Einstein, Albert 9. Copernicus, Nicolaus 10. Galileo Galilei 11. Da Vinci, Leonardo 12. Freud, Sigmund 13. Pasteur, Louis 14. Edison, Thomas 15. Jefferson, Thomas 16. Hitler, Adolf 17. Gandhi, Mahatma 18. Locke, John 19. Michelangelo 20. Smith, Adam 21. Washington, George 22. Khan, Genghis 23. Lincoln, Abraham 24. Aquinas, St. Thomas 25. Watt, James 26. Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeu27. Bonaparte, Napolean 28. Bach, Johann Sebastian 29. Ford, Henry 30. Beethoven, Ludwig Von 31. Watson & Crick 32. Descartes, Rene 33. King, Martin Luther Jr. 34. Rousseau, Jean-Jacques

35. Lenin, Vladimir 36. Fleming, Alexander 37. Voltaire 38. Bacon, Francis 39. Alighieri, Dante 40. Wright Brothers 41. Gates, Bill 42. Mendel, Gregor 43. Mao, Zedong 44. Bell, Alexander Graham 45. William the Conqueror 46. Machiavelli, Niccolo 47. Babbage, Charles 48. Wollstonecraft, Mary 49. Gorbachev, Mikhail 50. Sanger, Margaret 51. Jenner, Edward 52. Churchill, Winston 53. Curie, Marie 54. Polo, Marco 55. Magellan, Ferdinand 56. Stanton, Elizabeth 57. Presley, Elvis 58. Joan of Arc 59. Kant, Immanuel 60. Roosevelt, Franklin D. 61. Faraday, Michael 62. Disney, Walt 63. Austen, Jane 64. Picasso, Pablo 65. Heisenberg, Werner 66. Griffith, D.W. 67. Zworykin, Vladimir

68. Franklin, Benjamin

69. Harvey, William 70. Pope Gregory Vll 71. Tubman, Harriet 72. Bolivar, Simon 73. Princess Diana 74. Fermi, Enrico 75. Pincus, Gregory 76. The Beatles 77. Hobbes, Thomas 78. Isabella 79. Stalin, Joseph 80. Elizabeth I 81. Mandela, Nelson 82. Bohr, Neils 83. Peter the Great of Russia 84. Marconi, Guglielmo 85. Reagan, Ronald 86. Joyce, James 87. Carson, Rachel 88. Oppenheimer, Robert J. 89. Anthony, Susan B. 90. Daguerre, Louis 91. Spielberg, Steven 92. Nightingale, Florence 93. Roosevelt, Eleanor 94. Patient Zero 95. Chaplin, Charlie 96. Caruso, Enrico 97. Salk, Jonas 98. Armstrong, Louis 99. Da Gama, Vasco

100. Suleiman I

Biography’s Top 100 Persons of the Millennium

2. Isaac NewtonThe father of classical physics.Co-Discoverer of Calculus

13. Louis PasteurThe father of microbiology

61. Michael FaradayThe father of electrical engineering

Blaise PascalThe father of computer engineering

James Clerk MaxwellThe founder of electromagneticsThomas Bayes

The founder of statistical inference

Sir Isaac NewtonSir Isaac Newton (1642-1727)(1642-1727)

“...one of the greatest names in the history of human thought”

Newtonian PhysicsNewtonian PhysicsQuantumQuantum

TheoryTheory(very small)(very small)

RelativityRelativity(very big)(very big)

Sir Isaac Newton Contributions

NamesakesNamesakes

God observed in God observed in nature...nature...

““[The] beautiful system [The] beautiful system of the the sun, of the the sun,

planets and comets planets and comets could only proceed could only proceed

from the councel and from the councel and dominion of an dominion of an intelligent and intelligent and

powerful Being.”powerful Being.”Isaac Newton

From From OpticksOpticks by Isaac Newton by Isaac Newton

““God in the beginning formed God in the beginning formed matter in solid, massy, matter in solid, massy,

hard, impenetrable, hard, impenetrable, moveable particles, of such moveable particles, of such sizes and figures, and with sizes and figures, and with other such properties, and other such properties, and

in such proportion to in such proportion to space, as most conduced space, as most conduced to the end for which He to the end for which He

formed them.”formed them.”

Newton Newton on on

AtheismAtheism“Atheism is so senseless and odious to mankind that it never had many professors.”

Michael FaradayMichael Faraday (1791-1867)(1791-1867)

Michael Faraday... NamesakesNamesakes

F =

96 485.309 C/ mol

“[Faraday’s] standard of duty was supernatural. It was formed entirely on what he held to be the revelation of the will of God in the written word, and throughout all his life his faith led him to act ... to the the very letter of it.”

Faraday was offered and Faraday was offered and refused the Presidency of refused the Presidency of the Royal Society. He the Royal Society. He responded no…responded no… "I must "I must remain plain Michael remain plain Michael Faraday to the very last."Faraday to the very last."

Faraday’s MotivationFaraday’s Motivation

Thomas Bayes (1702 – 1761)

Bayes Theorem

[ | ] [ ][ | ]

[ ]

P B A P AP A B

P B

James Clerk Maxwell James Clerk Maxwell (1831 –(1831 –

18791879

James Clerk MaxwellJames Clerk Maxwell

t

DJH

B

t

BE

D

0

Maxwell’sMaxwell’s

EquationsEquations

“The only desire which I can ...have is, like David, to serve my own generation by the will of God, and then fall asleep.” Maxwell (near death).

““I believe ... that I believe ... that ‘Man's chief end ‘Man's chief end is to glorify God is to glorify God and to enjoy Him and to enjoy Him for ever’.”for ever’.”

James Clerk MaxwellJames Clerk Maxwell

Blaise PascalBlaise Pascal (1623-62)(1623-62)

Pascal’s TrianglePascal’s Triangle1 11 1

1 2 11 2 11 3 3 11 3 3 1

1 4 1 4 66 4 1 4 11 5 10 10 5 11 5 10 10 5 1

1 6 15 20 15 6 11 6 15 20 15 6 11 7 21 35 35 21 7 1 7 21 35 35 21 7

11......

11

22

33

44

55

66

77

......

Pascaline CalculatorPascaline Calculator

Were all motivated by belief in Were all motivated by belief in

God?God?

0)()( dtetxsX st

Pierre Simon Laplace (1749-1827).

LaplaceLaplace

Napoleon asked Napoleon asked Laplace why God was Laplace why God was not mentioned in any not mentioned in any of his work on celestial of his work on celestial mechanics. Laplace mechanics. Laplace responded ...responded ...

““Sire, je n’avais pas Sire, je n’avais pas besoin de cette besoin de cette

hypothese.” hypothese.”

““Sire, I had no need of Sire, I had no need of that hypothesis.”that hypothesis.”

Premise #2Premise #2

Numerous great researchers embrace Christ: The knowing of God, the The knowing of God, the creator of the universe, creator of the universe, personally. Belief in God’s personally. Belief in God’s supremacy and saving grace supremacy and saving grace made possible through the made possible through the sacrifice of His son, Jesus sacrifice of His son, Jesus Christ.Christ.

Christian ProfessorsChristian ProfessorsToday …Today …

Dr. Hugh Ross,

Astrophysicist

www.reasons.org

Professor William Zoller Chemistry

cialab.ee.washington.edu/Marks-Stuff/ccc/Zoller/Zoller.html

Professor Phillip E. JohnsonProfessor of Law

www.arn.org/docs/johnson/pj_sched.html

Dr. Liz Miller Texas A&M

http://clm.org/real/ri9910/simpson.html

Dr. Nancy Simpson Texas A&M

http://clm.org/real/ri9910/simpson.html

Professor Walter Bradley

Mechanical Engineer

www.clm.org/real/ri9702/walkup.html

Professor Vernon Burton Professor of History and Sociology,

Senior Research Scientist

at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications.

University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign

http://clm.org/real/ri0002/burton.html

Professor John Walkup,

Electrical Engineer

www.clm.org/real/ri9702/walkup.html

Dr. Burford J. Furman Department of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringCollege of EngineeringSan José State University

Isaac Newton on Isaac Newton on ChristChrist““There is one God, the There is one God, the

Father, ever-living, Father, ever-living, omnipresent, omniscient, omnipresent, omniscient, almighty, the Maker of almighty, the Maker of heaven and earth, and heaven and earth, and one Mediator between one Mediator between God and man, the man God and man, the man

Christ Jesus.…”Christ Jesus.…”

Sir Isaac NewtonSir Isaac Newton

Newton’s ProclamationNewton’s Proclamation““We account the Scriptures We account the Scriptures of God to be the most of God to be the most sublime philosophy. I find sublime philosophy. I find more sure marks of more sure marks of authenticity in the Bible authenticity in the Bible than in any profane history than in any profane history whatsoever... Worshiping whatsoever... Worshiping God and the Lamb [Jesus God and the Lamb [Jesus Christ] in the temple: God, Christ] in the temple: God, for his benefaction in for his benefaction in creating all things, and the creating all things, and the Lamb, for his benefaction in Lamb, for his benefaction in redeeming us with his redeeming us with his blood.”blood.”

Sir Isaac Newton

Faraday: SpeculationsFaraday: Speculations

“[T]hough the thought of death brings the thought

of judgment, it also brings to the Christian thought of Him [Jesus

Christ] who died, … [and] rose again for the

justification of those who believe in Him.”Michael Faraday

““Speculations! I know nothing about speculations. I’m resting Speculations! I know nothing about speculations. I’m resting on certainties. `I know my Redeemer liveth’ and because He on certainties. `I know my Redeemer liveth’ and because He lives I shall also live.” purported to Faraday near death when lives I shall also live.” purported to Faraday near death when queried by reporters about “speculations” of life after deathqueried by reporters about “speculations” of life after death ..

Faraday’s faith in ChristFaraday’s faith in Christ

“Christ [is] the power of God

and the wisdom of God. The The

Christian Christian religion is a religion is a

revelationrevelation and that revelation is the Word of

God.”

Michael Michael FaradayFaraday

James Clerk MaxwellJames Clerk Maxwell

“Think what God has determined to do to all those

who submit themselves to his righteousness and are willing

to receive his gift [of eternal life in Jesus Christ]. They are to be conformed to the image of his Son and when that is fulfilled

and God sees they are conformed to the image of

Christ, there can be no more condemnation.”

James Clerk Maxwell.

Blaise PascalBlaise Pascal

““We know God only We know God only through Jesus Christ… through Jesus Christ… through Jesus Christ through Jesus Christ we know God. All who we know God. All who have pretended to have pretended to know God, and know God, and proveprove Him without Jesus Him without Jesus Christ, have only had Christ, have only had impotent proofs.”impotent proofs.”

"There is a God-shaped vacuum in the heart of every man, "There is a God-shaped vacuum in the heart of every man,

which only God can fill through His Son Jesus Christ."which only God can fill through His Son Jesus Christ."

“MemorialIn the year of grace, 1654,

On Monday, 23rd of November, Feast of St Clement, Pope and Martyr,

And others in the Martyrology, Vigil of St Chrysogonus, Martyr, and others,

From about half past ten in the evening until about half past Twelve,

Fire!God of Abraham, God of Isaac, God of Jacob, (Ex

3:6; Mt 22:32)Not of the philosophers and scholars.

Certitude. Certitude. Feeling. Joy. Peace.God of Jesus Christ.

"Thy God and my God." (Jn 20:17)Forgetfulness of the world and of everything,

except God.He is to be found only in the ways taught in the

Gospel.Greatness of the Human Soul.

"Righteous Father, the world hath not known Thee,But I have known Thee." (Jn 17:25)

Joy, joy, joy, tears of joy.I have separated myself from Him.

"They have forsaken Me, the fountain of living waters." (Jn 2:13)

"My God, wilt Thou leave me?" (Mt 27:46)Let me not be separated from Him eternally.

"This is eternal life,That they might know Thee, the only true God, And Jesus Christ, whom Thou hast

sent." (Jn 17:3) Jesus Christ...

Pascal’s ConversionPascal’s Conversion

Let me not be separated from Him eternally.

"This is eternal life,That they might know

Thee, the only Thee, the only true God,true God, And Jesus Christ, whom Thou

hast sent." (Jn 17:3)

Joy, joy, joy, Joy, joy, joy, tears of joy.tears of joy.

Pascal’s conversion to Christianity. Found in the lining of his coat on his deathPascal’s conversion to Christianity. Found in the lining of his coat on his death

Certitude. Certitude.

Feeling. Joy.Joy. Peace.Peace.

God of Jesus Christ.

"Thy God and my God." (Jn

20:17)Forgetfulness

of the world and of everything, except God.

Monday, Nov 23, 1654

Pascal’s Conversion Pascal’s Conversion (cont)(cont)

““Jesus ChristJesus Christ

I have separated myself from Him:I have separated myself from Him:I have fled from Him,I have fled from Him,

denied Him,denied Him,crucified Him.crucified Him.

Let me never be separated from Him.Let me never be separated from Him.We keep hold of Him only by the ways taught in the We keep hold of Him only by the ways taught in the

Gospel.Gospel.

Renunciation, total and sweet.Renunciation, total and sweet.Total submission to Jesus Christ and to my Total submission to Jesus Christ and to my

director.director.Eternally in joy for a day's training on earth.Eternally in joy for a day's training on earth.

"I will not forget thy words." (Ps 119:16) Amen."I will not forget thy words." (Ps 119:16) Amen.

Pascal’s PrayerPascal’s Prayer

Almighty God, who gave your servant Blaise Pascal a great Intellect, that he might explore the mysteries of your creationthe mysteries of your creation, and who kindled in his heart a love for you and a devotion to your service: Mercifully give us your servants, according to our various callings, gifts of excellence in body, mind,

and will, and the grace to use them diligently and to your glory, through Jesus through Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and

for everfor ever.”

Science and Faith: Science and Faith: Separate But Equal? Separate But Equal?

POSTERS OF POSTERS OF FAMOUS FAMOUS

SCIENTISTS with SCIENTISTS with quotes about their quotes about their

Christian faith:Christian faith:

RobertMarks.orgRobertMarks.org

Click: Apologetics, Click: Apologetics, then postersthen posters

Solomon’s Sage AdviceSolomon’s Sage Advice

Solomon’s Sage Advice for Scholars...

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