science & ict · kjfg; gw nth;j; jpul;l a.r.emil. science & technology 22,af;feuk;g,il...

,iaghf;fKk; ,iaghf;fKk; ,iaghf;fKk; ,iaghf;fKk; xUrPh;j;jplepiyAk;xUrPh;j;jplepiyAk;xUrPh;j;jplepiyAk;xUrPh;j;jplepiyAk;

#oy;#oy;#oy;#oy;

1.1.1.1. vk;ikr;#oTs;s vk;ikr;#oTs;s vk;ikr;#oTs;s vk;ikr;#oTs;s

capUs;s>capuw;w capUs;s>capuw;w capUs;s>capuw;w capUs;s>capuw;w

$Wfs; vy;yhk; $Wfs; vy;yhk; $Wfs; vy;yhk; $Wfs; vy;yhk;

A.R.Emil. Science & Technology 1

$Wfs; vy;yhk; $Wfs; vy;yhk; $Wfs; vy;yhk; $Wfs; vy;yhk;

xd;whf #oy; xd;whf #oy; xd;whf #oy; xd;whf #oy;

vdg;gLk;.vdg;gLk;.vdg;gLk;.vdg;gLk;.

2.2.2.2. cjhuzk; :cjhuzk; :cjhuzk; :cjhuzk; :----

tsp>epyk;tsp>epyk;tsp>epyk;tsp>epyk;>ePh;>caphp>ePh;>caphp>ePh;>caphp>ePh;>caphp

dq;fs;dq;fs;dq;fs;dq;fs;

#oypy; eilngWk; #oypy; eilngWk; #oypy; eilngWk; #oypy; eilngWk;

khw;wq;fSf;F Vw;g khw;wq;fSf;F Vw;g khw;wq;fSf;F Vw;g khw;wq;fSf;F Vw;g

vk;ikj; jahh;gLj;Jk; vk;ikj; jahh;gLj;Jk; vk;ikj; jahh;gLj;Jk; vk;ikj; jahh;gLj;Jk;

nraw;ghL ,iaghf;fk; nraw;ghL ,iaghf;fk; nraw;ghL ,iaghf;fk; nraw;ghL ,iaghf;fk;


cjhuzk; :cjhuzk; :cjhuzk; :cjhuzk; :---- #L #L #L #L

gl;lTld; ifia gl;lTld; ifia gl;lTld; ifia gl;lTld; ifia

kdpj clypy; kdpj clypy; kdpj clypy; kdpj clypy;

eilngWk; ,iaghf; eilngWk; ,iaghf; eilngWk; ,iaghf; eilngWk; ,iaghf;

fk; euk;gpirthf;fk;> fk; euk;gpirthf;fk;> fk; euk;gpirthf;fk;> fk; euk;gpirthf;fk;>

euk;gpd;wpatpirthf;fk;euk;gpd;wpatpirthf;fk;euk;gpd;wpatpirthf;fk;euk;gpd;wpatpirthf;fk;

vd 2 tifg;gLk;.vd 2 tifg;gLk;.vd 2 tifg;gLk;.vd 2 tifg;gLk;.

euk;gpirthf;fk;euk;gpirthf;fk;euk;gpirthf;fk;euk;gpirthf;fk;


gl;lTld; ifia gl;lTld; ifia gl;lTld; ifia gl;lTld; ifia

,Oj;jy;. ,Oj;jy;. ,Oj;jy;. ,Oj;jy;.

Ntfkhf XLk; NghJ Ntfkhf XLk; NghJ Ntfkhf XLk; NghJ Ntfkhf XLk; NghJ

,jaj;Jbg;G tPjk; ,jaj;Jbg;G tPjk; ,jaj;Jbg;G tPjk; ,jaj;Jbg;G tPjk;

mjpfhpj;jy;.mjpfhpj;jy;.mjpfhpj;jy;.mjpfhpj;jy;.

euk;gpirthf;fk;euk;gpirthf;fk;euk;gpirthf;fk;euk;gpirthf;fk;

euk;Gfshy; vkJ euk;Gfshy; vkJ euk;Gfshy; vkJ euk;Gfshy; vkJ

clypd; nraw;ghLfs; clypd; nraw;ghLfs; clypd; nraw;ghLfs; clypd; nraw;ghLfs;

xOq;FgLj;jg;gLtJ xOq;FgLj;jg;gLtJ xOq;FgLj;jg;gLtJ xOq;FgLj;jg;gLtJ

euk;gpirthf;fk; euk;gpirthf;fk; euk;gpirthf;fk; euk;gpirthf;fk;

vdg;gLk;. vdg;gLk;. vdg;gLk;. vdg;gLk;.

euk;Gj; njhFjpeuk;Gj; njhFjpeuk;Gj; njhFjpeuk;Gj; njhFjp%is%is%is%is

Kz;zhd;Kz;zhd;Kz;zhd;Kz;zhd;


vkJ clypy; vkJ clypy; vkJ clypy; vkJ clypy;

eilngWk; euk;gpir eilngWk; euk;gpir eilngWk; euk;gpir eilngWk; euk;gpir

thf;fj;jpy; gpd;tUk; thf;fj;jpy; gpd;tUk; thf;fj;jpy; gpd;tUk; thf;fj;jpy; gpd;tUk;

mk;rq;fs; rk;ke;jg; mk;rq;fs; rk;ke;jg; mk;rq;fs; rk;ke;jg; mk;rq;fs; rk;ke;jg;

gLk;.gLk;.gLk;.gLk;.

Jhz;ly;Jhz;ly;Jhz;ly;Jhz;ly;

Rw;whlypy; eilngWk; Rw;whlypy; eilngWk; Rw;whlypy; eilngWk; Rw;whlypy; eilngWk;

khw;wq;fs; Jhz;ly; khw;wq;fs; Jhz;ly; khw;wq;fs; Jhz;ly; khw;wq;fs; Jhz;ly;


cjhuzk; :cjhuzk; :cjhuzk; :cjhuzk; :----

fhypy; Ks; Fj;Jjy;>fhypy; Ks; Fj;Jjy;>fhypy; Ks; Fj;Jjy;>fhypy; Ks; Fj;Jjy;>


1.1.1.1. Jhz;ly;.Jhz;ly;.Jhz;ly;.Jhz;ly;.

2.2.2.2. thq;fpfs;thq;fpfs;thq;fpfs;thq;fpfs;

3.3.3.3. Jyq;fy;Jyq;fy;Jyq;fy;Jyq;fy;

4.4.4.4. tpisT fhl;btpisT fhl;btpisT fhl;btpisT fhl;b

fhypy; Ks; Fj;Jjy;>fhypy; Ks; Fj;Jjy;>fhypy; Ks; Fj;Jjy;>fhypy; Ks; Fj;Jjy;>

thfdj;jpd; xyp> thfdj;jpd; xyp> thfdj;jpd; xyp> thfdj;jpd; xyp>

khk;goq;fis khk;goq;fis khk;goq;fis khk;goq;fis

epidj;jy; G+tpd; epidj;jy; G+tpd; epidj;jy; G+tpd; epidj;jy; G+tpd;

eWkzk;> #L Fsph; eWkzk;> #L Fsph; eWkzk;> #L Fsph; eWkzk;> #L Fsph;

Nghd;wd.Nghd;wd.Nghd;wd.Nghd;wd.

thq;fpfsthq;fpfsthq;fpfsthq;fpfs ;; ;;

JhzJhzJhzJhz;;;;lylylyly;;;;fisczhfisczhfisczhfisczh;;;;eeee;;;;JJJJ

nfhsnfhsnfhsnfhs;;;;stjwstjwstjwstjw;;;;fhffhffhffhf vkJvkJvkJvkJ

clypyclypyclypyclypy;;;; fhzgfhzgfhzgfhzg;;;;gLkgLkgLkgLk;;;;

mqmqmqmq;;;;fqfqfqfq;;;;fsfsfsfs;;;; thqthqthqthq;;;;fpfsfpfsfpfsfpfs;;;;

vdgvdgvdgvdg;;;;gLkgLkgLkgLk;.;.;.;.

fzfzfzfz;;;;fhJfhJfhJfhJ

%f;F%f;F%f;F%f;F


vdgvdgvdgvdg;;;;gLkgLkgLkgLk;.;.;.;.

cjhuzkcjhuzkcjhuzkcjhuzk;;;; ::::----

fzfzfzfz;;;; fhJfhJfhJfhJ

ehfehfehfehf;;;;FFFF NjhyNjhyNjhyNjhy;;;;

%%%%ffff;;;;F(kzEfhF(kzEfhF(kzEfhF(kzEfh;;;;rrrr;;;;rpfrpfrpfrpf;;;;

fyqfyqfyqfyq;;;;fsfsfsfs;;;;))))

%f;F%f;F%f;F%f;F

Njhy;Njhy;Njhy;Njhy;

Jyq;fy;fs;Jyq;fy;fs;Jyq;fy;fs;Jyq;fy;fs;

Jhz;ly;fSf;F Vw;g Jhz;ly;fSf;F Vw;g Jhz;ly;fSf;F Vw;g Jhz;ly;fSf;F Vw;g

vkJ clyhy; vkJ clyhy; vkJ clyhy; vkJ clyhy;

fhl;lg;gLk; tpisTfs; fhl;lg;gLk; tpisTfs; fhl;lg;gLk; tpisTfs; fhl;lg;gLk; tpisTfs;

Jyq;fy;fs; vdg;gLk;.Jyq;fy;fs; vdg;gLk;.Jyq;fy;fs; vdg;gLk;.Jyq;fy;fs; vdg;gLk;.


fhypy; Ks; Fj;jpTld; fhypy; Ks; Fj;jpTld; fhypy; Ks; Fj;jpTld; fhypy; Ks; Fj;jpTld;

tpisT fhl;bfs;tpisT fhl;bfs;tpisT fhl;bfs;tpisT fhl;bfs;

JhzJhzJhzJhz;;;;lylylyly;;;;fSffSffSffSf;;;;FFFF VwVwVwVw;;;;gggg

JyqJyqJyqJyq;;;;fyfyfyfy;;;;fisffisffisffisf;;;;fhlfhlfhlfhl;;;;LkLkLkLk;;;;

mqmqmqmq;;;;fqfqfqfq;;;;fsfsfsfs;;;; tpisTtpisTtpisTtpisT

fhlfhlfhlfhl;;;;bfsbfsbfsbfs;;;; vdgvdgvdgvdg;;;;gLkgLkgLkgLk;.;.;.;.



fhypy; Ks; Fj;jpTld; fhypy; Ks; Fj;jpTld; fhypy; Ks; Fj;jpTld; fhypy; Ks; Fj;jpTld;

fhiyj; Jhf;Fjy;.fhiyj; Jhf;Fjy;.fhiyj; Jhf;Fjy;.fhiyj; Jhf;Fjy;.

khk;goj;ij epidf;f khk;goj;ij epidf;f khk;goj;ij epidf;f khk;goj;ij epidf;f

ifapy; ckpo;ePh; ifapy; ckpo;ePh; ifapy; ckpo;ePh; ifapy; ckpo;ePh;

Ruj;jy;.Ruj;jy;.Ruj;jy;.Ruj;jy;.


RugRugRugRug;;;;gpfsgpfsgpfsgpfs;;;; ----

ckpockpockpockpo;;;;ePhePhePhePh;;;;rrrr;;;;RugRugRugRug;;;;gpgpgpgp....

clypdclypdclypdclypd;;;; jirfsjirfsjirfsjirfs;.;.;.;.

euk;GfSk; euk;Gj; euk;GfSk; euk;Gj; euk;GfSk; euk;Gj; euk;GfSk; euk;Gj;

njhFjpAk;njhFjpAk;njhFjpAk;njhFjpAk;

vkJ clypy; euk;G vkJ clypy; euk;G vkJ clypy; euk;G vkJ clypy; euk;G

,iaghf;fj;ij ,iaghf;fj;ij ,iaghf;fj;ij ,iaghf;fj;ij

Nkw;nfhs;tJ euk;Gj; Nkw;nfhs;tJ euk;Gj; Nkw;nfhs;tJ euk;Gj; Nkw;nfhs;tJ euk;Gj;

njhFjpahFk;.njhFjpahFk;.njhFjpahFk;.njhFjpahFk;.

euk;Gj; njhFjp euk;Gj; njhFjp euk;Gj; njhFjp euk;Gj; njhFjp

%is

ak;

Kz;zhd;

%sp



euk;Gfshy;Mf;fg;gLk;.euk;Gfshy;Mf;fg;gLk;.euk;Gfshy;Mf;fg;gLk;.euk;Gfshy;Mf;fg;gLk;.

vkJ clypy; vkJ clypy; vkJ clypy; vkJ clypy;

euk;Gfs;gue;Js;stpjk; euk;Gfs;gue;Js;stpjk; euk;Gfs;gue;Js;stpjk; euk;Gfs;gue;Js;stpjk;

glj;jpy;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;J. glj;jpy;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;J. glj;jpy;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;J. glj;jpy;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;J. Vida euk;Gfs;

euk;Gfs;euk;Gfs;euk;Gfs;euk;Gfs;

vkJ clypy; thq;fp vkJ clypy; thq;fp vkJ clypy; thq;fp vkJ clypy; thq;fp

fSf;Fk; tpisTfhl;b fSf;Fk; tpisTfhl;b fSf;Fk; tpisTfhl;b fSf;Fk; tpisTfhl;b

fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; fSf;Fk; ,ilapy;

nra;jpfisg;ghpkhw;wk; nra;jpfisg;ghpkhw;wk; nra;jpfisg;ghpkhw;wk; nra;jpfisg;ghpkhw;wk;

nra;tjw;fhff; fhzg; nra;tjw;fhff; fhzg; nra;tjw;fhff; fhzg; nra;tjw;fhff; fhzg;

gLk; fyq;fs; euk;G gLk; fyq;fs; euk;G gLk; fyq;fs; euk;G gLk; fyq;fs; euk;G

euk;Gf;fyk; euk;Gf;fyk; euk;Gf;fyk; euk;Gf;fyk; cl;fhT euk;G cl;fhT euk;G cl;fhT euk;G cl;fhT euk;G

Kisfs;Kisfs;Kisfs;Kisfs;

fyTly;fyTly;fyTly;fyTly;


gLk; fyq;fs; euk;G gLk; fyq;fs; euk;G gLk; fyq;fs; euk;G gLk; fyq;fs; euk;G

fshFk;.fshFk;.fshFk;.fshFk;.

vkJ clypy; cs;s vkJ clypy; cs;s vkJ clypy; cs;s vkJ clypy; cs;s

ePz;l fyq;fs; ePz;l fyq;fs; ePz;l fyq;fs; ePz;l fyq;fs;

euk;GfshFk;. euk;GfshFk;. euk;GfshFk;. euk;GfshFk;. ntspf;;fhT ntspf;;fhT ntspf;;fhT ntspf;;fhT

euk;G Kisfs;euk;G Kisfs;euk;G Kisfs;euk;G Kisfs;

kaypd; ftrk;kaypd; ftrk;kaypd; ftrk;kaypd; ftrk;

euk;Gf;fyj;jpd; gFjp euk;Gf;fyj;jpd; gFjp euk;Gf;fyj;jpd; gFjp euk;Gf;fyj;jpd; gFjp

fspd; njhopy;fs;fspd; njhopy;fs;fspd; njhopy;fs;fspd; njhopy;fs;

fyTly;fyTly;fyTly;fyTly;

fyj;jpd; rfy nraw; fyj;jpd; rfy nraw; fyj;jpd; rfy nraw; fyj;jpd; rfy nraw;

ghLfisAk; fl;Lg; ghLfisAk; fl;Lg; ghLfisAk; fl;Lg; ghLfisAk; fl;Lg;

fzj;jhf;fq;fis fzj;jhf;fq;fis fzj;jhf;fq;fis fzj;jhf;fq;fis

fyTliy Nehf;fpf; fyTliy Nehf;fpf; fyTliy Nehf;fpf; fyTliy Nehf;fpf;

flj;jy;.flj;jy;.flj;jy;.flj;jy;.

kaypd; kaypd; kaypd; kaypd;

ftrk;;ftrk;;ftrk;;ftrk;;

fzj;jhf;f Ntfj;ij fzj;jhf;f Ntfj;ij fzj;jhf;f Ntfj;ij fzj;jhf;f Ntfj;ij


ghLfisAk; fl;Lg; ghLfisAk; fl;Lg; ghLfisAk; fl;Lg; ghLfisAk; fl;Lg;

gLj;jy;gLj;jy;gLj;jy;gLj;jy;

cl;fhT cl;fhT cl;fhT cl;fhT

euk;G euk;G euk;G euk;G

Kisfs;Kisfs;Kisfs;Kisfs;

fzj;jhf;f Ntfj;ij fzj;jhf;f Ntfj;ij fzj;jhf;f Ntfj;ij fzj;jhf;f Ntfj;ij

mjpfhpj;jy;.mjpfhpj;jy;.mjpfhpj;jy;.mjpfhpj;jy;.

ntspf;;fhT ntspf;;fhT ntspf;;fhT ntspf;;fhT

euk;G euk;G euk;G euk;G

Kisfs;Kisfs;Kisfs;Kisfs;fzj;jhf;fq;fis fzj;jhf;fq;fis fzj;jhf;fq;fis fzj;jhf;fq;fis

fyTlypy; ,Ue;J ntsp fyTlypy; ,Ue;J ntsp fyTlypy; ,Ue;J ntsp fyTlypy; ,Ue;J ntsp

Nehf;fpf; flj;jy;.Nehf;fpf; flj;jy;.Nehf;fpf; flj;jy;.Nehf;fpf; flj;jy;.

euk;Gj; njhFjpeuk;Gj; njhFjpeuk;Gj; njhFjpeuk;Gj; njhFjp


euk;Gfs; gy Nrh;e;J euk;Gfs; gy Nrh;e;J euk;Gfs; gy Nrh;e;J euk;Gfs; gy Nrh;e;J

Mf;fg;gLfpd;wd.Mf;fg;gLfpd;wd.Mf;fg;gLfpd;wd.Mf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

kdpj euk;Gj;njhFjp kdpj euk;Gj;njhFjp kdpj euk;Gj;njhFjp kdpj euk;Gj;njhFjp

gpd;tUkhW gphpf;fg;gpd;tUkhW gphpf;fg;gpd;tUkhW gphpf;fg;gpd;tUkhW gphpf;fg;

ika euk;Gj; ika euk;Gj; ika euk;Gj; ika euk;Gj;

njhFjpnjhFjpnjhFjpnjhFjp

%is%is%is%is Kz;zhd;Kz;zhd;Kz;zhd;Kz;zhd;


gpd;tUkhW gphpf;fg;gpd;tUkhW gphpf;fg;gpd;tUkhW gphpf;fg;gpd;tUkhW gphpf;fg;

gLk;.gLk;.gLk;.gLk;.

1.1.1.1. ika euk;Gj; ika euk;Gj; ika euk;Gj; ika euk;Gj;

njhFjp.njhFjp.njhFjp.njhFjp.

2.2.2.2. Rw;way; euk;Gj; Rw;way; euk;Gj; Rw;way; euk;Gj; Rw;way; euk;Gj;

njhFjp.njhFjp.njhFjp.njhFjp.

Rw;way; euk;Gj; Rw;way; euk;Gj; Rw;way; euk;Gj; Rw;way; euk;Gj;

njhFjpnjhFjpnjhFjpnjhFjp

,r;ir top ,r;ir top ,r;ir top ,r;ir top

euk;Gfs;euk;Gfs;euk;Gfs;euk;Gfs;

,r;ir ,d;wp ,r;ir ,d;wp ,r;ir ,d;wp ,r;ir ,d;wp

euk;Gfs;.euk;Gfs;.euk;Gfs;.euk;Gfs;.

%is %is %is %is (Brain)

kdpj %is kdpj %is kdpj %is kdpj %is

kz;ilNahl;bDs; kz;ilNahl;bDs; kz;ilNahl;bDs; kz;ilNahl;bDs;

fhzg;gLk;.fhzg;gLk;.fhzg;gLk;.fhzg;gLk;.

kdpj %is gpd;tUk; kdpj %is gpd;tUk; kdpj %is gpd;tUk; kdpj %is gpd;tUk;

gpujhd gFjpfisf; gpujhd gFjpfisf; gpujhd gFjpfisf; gpujhd gFjpfisf;

nfhz;lJ.nfhz;lJ.nfhz;lJ.nfhz;lJ.

%isapd; gf;f %isapd; gf;f %isapd; gf;f %isapd; gf;f ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;.ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;.ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;.ntl;Lj; Njhw;wk;.


nfhz;lJ.nfhz;lJ.nfhz;lJ.nfhz;lJ.

1. %isak;.1. %isak;.1. %isak;.1. %isak;.

2. %sp2. %sp2. %sp2. %sp

3. ePs;tisa 3. ePs;tisa 3. ePs;tisa 3. ePs;tisa ----

ikatpioak;.ikatpioak;.ikatpioak;.ikatpioak;.

1

3 2

%isapd; mikg;G%isapd; mikg;G%isapd; mikg;G%isapd; mikg;G

kdpj %is kdpj %is kdpj %is kdpj %is

kz;ilNahl;bDs; kz;ilNahl;bDs; kz;ilNahl;bDs; kz;ilNahl;bDs;

ghJfhg;ghf itf;fg; ghJfhg;ghf itf;fg; ghJfhg;ghf itf;fg; ghJfhg;ghf itf;fg;

gl;Ls;sJ.gl;Ls;sJ.gl;Ls;sJ.gl;Ls;sJ.

,J 3 rUk nkd;rt;T ,J 3 rUk nkd;rt;T ,J 3 rUk nkd;rt;T ,J 3 rUk nkd;rt;T

kz;ilNahl;bDs; kz;ilNahl;bDs; kz;ilNahl;bDs; kz;ilNahl;bDs; %is%is%is%is

kz;ilkz;ilkz;ilkz;il

NahLNahLNahLNahL

%isak;%isak;%isak;%isak;


,J 3 rUk nkd;rt;T ,J 3 rUk nkd;rt;T ,J 3 rUk nkd;rt;T ,J 3 rUk nkd;rt;T

fshy; R+og;gl;bUf;Fk;.fshy; R+og;gl;bUf;Fk;.fshy; R+og;gl;bUf;Fk;.fshy; R+og;gl;bUf;Fk;.

,k;nkd;rt;TfSf; ,k;nkd;rt;TfSf; ,k;nkd;rt;TfSf; ,k;nkd;rt;TfSf;

fpilNa %isa fpilNa %isa fpilNa %isa fpilNa %isa ----

Kz;zhd; gha;kk; Kz;zhd; gha;kk; Kz;zhd; gha;kk; Kz;zhd; gha;kk;

epuk;gpf; fhzg;gLk;.epuk;gpf; fhzg;gLk;.epuk;gpf; fhzg;gLk;.epuk;gpf; fhzg;gLk;.


%sp%sp%sp%sp

ePs;isa ePs;isa ePs;isa ePs;isa

ikatpioak;ikatpioak;ikatpioak;ikatpioak;

%isa Kz;zhd; %isa Kz;zhd; %isa Kz;zhd; %isa Kz;zhd;

gha;kk; Kisia gha;kk; Kisia gha;kk; Kisia gha;kk; Kisia

mjph;r;rpfspy; ,Ue;J mjph;r;rpfspy; ,Ue;J mjph;r;rpfspy; ,Ue;J mjph;r;rpfspy; ,Ue;J

ghJfhf;fpwJ.ghJfhf;fpwJ.ghJfhf;fpwJ.ghJfhf;fpwJ.

%isak;%isak;%isak;%isak;

%isapd; ngUk; %isapd; ngUk; %isapd; ngUk; %isapd; ngUk;

,lJ ,lJ ,lJ ,lJ

%isa %isa %isa %isa

miuf; miuf; miuf; miuf;

Nfhsk;Nfhsk;Nfhsk;Nfhsk;

tyJ tyJ tyJ tyJ

%isa %isa %isa %isa

miuf; miuf; miuf; miuf;

Nfhsk;Nfhsk;Nfhsk;Nfhsk;


%isapd; ngUk; %isapd; ngUk; %isapd; ngUk; %isapd; ngUk;

gFjp ,JthFk;.gFjp ,JthFk;.gFjp ,JthFk;.gFjp ,JthFk;.

,J 2 %isa miuf; ,J 2 %isa miuf; ,J 2 %isa miuf; ,J 2 %isa miuf;

Nfhsq;fshfg; Nfhsq;fshfg; Nfhsq;fshfg; Nfhsq;fshfg;

gphpf;fg;gl;bUk;. gphpf;fg;gl;bUk;. gphpf;fg;gl;bUk;. gphpf;fg;gl;bUk;.

%isa %isa %isa %isa miuf;Nfhsq;fspd; miuf;Nfhsq;fspd; miuf;Nfhsq;fspd; miuf;Nfhsq;fspd; Nkw;gf;fj;Njhw;wk;.Nkw;gf;fj;Njhw;wk;.Nkw;gf;fj;Njhw;wk;.Nkw;gf;fj;Njhw;wk;.

kdpj %isakhdJ kdpj %isakhdJ kdpj %isakhdJ kdpj %isakhdJ

gy kpy;ypad; euk;G gy kpy;ypad; euk;G gy kpy;ypad; euk;G gy kpy;ypad; euk;G

fshy; MdJ.fshy; MdJ.fshy; MdJ.fshy; MdJ.

%isaj;jpy; gy %isaj;jpy; gy %isaj;jpy; gy %isaj;jpy; gy

kbg;Gf;fs; fhzg;gLkbg;Gf;fs; fhzg;gLkbg;Gf;fs; fhzg;gLkbg;Gf;fs; fhzg;gL

fpd;wd.fpd;wd.fpd;wd.fpd;wd.

cz;L.cz;L.cz;L.cz;L.

4 NfhizfspdJk; 4 NfhizfspdJk; 4 NfhizfspdJk; 4 NfhizfspdJk; miktplq;fs;miktplq;fs;miktplq;fs;miktplq;fs;


fpd;wd.fpd;wd.fpd;wd.fpd;wd.

,tw;wpy; nghpa ,tw;wpy; nghpa ,tw;wpy; nghpa ,tw;wpy; nghpa

kbg;Gf;fs; rhy;fs; kbg;Gf;fs; rhy;fs; kbg;Gf;fs; rhy;fs; kbg;Gf;fs; rhy;fs;

vdg;gLk;. Xt;nthU vdg;gLk;. Xt;nthU vdg;gLk;. Xt;nthU vdg;gLk;. Xt;nthU

%isa miuf;Nfhs %isa miuf;Nfhs %isa miuf;Nfhs %isa miuf;Nfhs

j;jpYk; 4 Nrhizfs; j;jpYk; 4 Nrhizfs; j;jpYk; 4 Nrhizfs; j;jpYk; 4 Nrhizfs;

Ejw;NrhizEjw;NrhizEjw;NrhizEjw;Nrhiz

filEjw;filEjw;filEjw;filEjw;NrhizNrhizNrhizNrhiz Rtr;NrhizRtr;NrhizRtr;NrhizRtr;Nrhiz

gplh;r; gplh;r; gplh;r; gplh;r; NrhizNrhizNrhizNrhiz

%isa miuf;Nfhs %isa miuf;Nfhs %isa miuf;Nfhs %isa miuf;Nfhs

q;fs; tyJ>,lJ q;fs; tyJ>,lJ q;fs; tyJ>,lJ q;fs; tyJ>,lJ

vdg;gphpf;fg;gLk;. vdg;gphpf;fg;gLk;. vdg;gphpf;fg;gLk;. vdg;gphpf;fg;gLk;.

,tw;wpy; tyJ ,tw;wpy; tyJ ,tw;wpy; tyJ ,tw;wpy; tyJ

miuf; Nfhsk; miuf; Nfhsk; miuf; Nfhsk; miuf; Nfhsk;

clypd; ,lJ gf;fr; clypd; ,lJ gf;fr; clypd; ,lJ gf;fr; clypd; ,lJ gf;fr;

nraw;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk; kdpj %isaj;jpd;; kdpj %isaj;jpd;; kdpj %isaj;jpd;; kdpj %isaj;jpd;;

nraw;ghLfisf; nraw;ghLfisf; nraw;ghLfisf; nraw;ghLfisf;


nraw;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk;

,lJ miuf;Nfhsk; ,lJ miuf;Nfhsk; ,lJ miuf;Nfhsk; ,lJ miuf;Nfhsk;

clypd; tyJ gf;fr; clypd; tyJ gf;fr; clypd; tyJ gf;fr; clypd; tyJ gf;fr;

nraw;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk; nraw;ghLfisAk;

fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;.fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;.fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;.fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;.

nraw;ghLfisf; nraw;ghLfisf; nraw;ghLfisf; nraw;ghLfisf;

fhl;Lk; glk;.fhl;Lk; glk;.fhl;Lk; glk;.fhl;Lk; glk;.

,jd;ngUg;gpf;fg;gl;l,jd;ngUg;gpf;fg;gl;l,jd;ngUg;gpf;fg;gl;l,jd;ngUg;gpf;fg;gl;l

glk; mLj;j glk; mLj;j glk; mLj;j glk; mLj;j

gf;fj;jpy; cz;L.gf;fj;jpy; cz;L.gf;fj;jpy; cz;L.gf;fj;jpy; cz;L.

tpNtfk; tpNtfk; tpNtfk; tpNtfk;

vOj;Jj; vOj;Jj; vOj;Jj; vOj;Jj;

jpwd;jpwd;jpwd;jpwd;vz;fspd; vz;fspd; vz;fspd; vz;fspd;

Mw;wy;Mw;wy;Mw;wy;Mw;wy;

Kg;ghpkhz Kg;ghpkhz Kg;ghpkhz Kg;ghpkhz

Njhw;wk;Njhw;wk;Njhw;wk;Njhw;wk;

rpj;jpuk; rpj;jpuk; rpj;jpuk; rpj;jpuk;

tiujy;tiujy;tiujy;tiujy;

Mo;e;jmwpTMo;e;jmwpTMo;e;jmwpTMo;e;jmwpT

,lJ ,lJ ,lJ ,lJ

%isaj;jpd; %isaj;jpd; %isaj;jpd; %isaj;jpd;

njhopw;ghLfs;njhopw;ghLfs;njhopw;ghLfs;njhopw;ghLfs;

tyJ tyJ tyJ tyJ

%isaj;jpd; %isaj;jpd; %isaj;jpd; %isaj;jpd;

njhopw;ghLfs;njhopw;ghLfs;njhopw;ghLfs;njhopw;ghLfs;

%isaj;jpd; nraw;ghLfisf; fhl;Lk; glk;%isaj;jpd; nraw;ghLfisf; fhl;Lk; glk;%isaj;jpd; nraw;ghLfisf; fhl;Lk; glk;%isaj;jpd; nraw;ghLfisf; fhl;Lk; glk;

A.R.Emil. Science & Technology 16Scientific Skill

Right

tyJ tyJ tyJ tyJ

gf;ff; gf;ff; gf;ff; gf;ff;

fl;Lg;ghLfl;Lg;ghLfl;Lg;ghLfl;Lg;ghL

tpQ;Qhd tpQ;Qhd tpQ;Qhd tpQ;Qhd

Mw;wy;fs;Mw;wy;fs;Mw;wy;fs;Mw;wy;fs;

Ngr;R Ngr;R Ngr;R Ngr;R

nkhopj;jpwd;nkhopj;jpwd;nkhopj;jpwd;nkhopj;jpwd;

thjpj;jy;thjpj;jy;thjpj;jy;thjpj;jy;tiujy;tiujy;tiujy;tiujy;

fw;gid fw;gid fw;gid fw;gid

nra;jy;nra;jy;nra;jy;nra;jy;

rq;fPj rq;fPj rq;fPj rq;fPj

Qhdk;Qhdk;Qhdk;Qhdk;

,lJ gf;ff; ,lJ gf;ff; ,lJ gf;ff; ,lJ gf;ff;

fl;Lg;ghLfl;Lg;ghLfl;Lg;ghLfl;Lg;ghL

%sp%sp%sp%sp

%isaj;jpd; gplh;r;%isaj;jpd; gplh;r;%isaj;jpd; gplh;r;%isaj;jpd; gplh;r;

Nrhizf;Fg; gpd;dhy;Nrhizf;Fg; gpd;dhy;Nrhizf;Fg; gpd;dhy;Nrhizf;Fg; gpd;dhy;

rw;Wf; fPohff; rw;Wf; fPohff; rw;Wf; fPohff; rw;Wf; fPohff;

fhzg;gLk;. cliyfhzg;gLk;. cliyfhzg;gLk;. cliyfhzg;gLk;. cliy

rkdpiyg;gLj;jJjy;>rkdpiyg;gLj;jJjy;>rkdpiyg;gLj;jJjy;>rkdpiyg;gLj;jJjy;>

ePs;tisaikatpiok;ePs;tisaikatpiok;ePs;tisaikatpiok;ePs;tisaikatpiok;

%isaj;jpd; njhlh;r; %isaj;jpd; njhlh;r; %isaj;jpd; njhlh;r; %isaj;jpd; njhlh;r;

rpahf ,J mikAk;. rpahf ,J mikAk;. rpahf ,J mikAk;. rpahf ,J mikAk;.

Rthrk;> ,jaj;Jbg;G Rthrk;> ,jaj;Jbg;G Rthrk;> ,jaj;Jbg;G Rthrk;> ,jaj;Jbg;G

vd;gtw;Wf;Fg; vd;gtw;Wf;Fg; vd;gtw;Wf;Fg; vd;gtw;Wf;Fg;

nghWg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;. nghWg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;. nghWg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;. nghWg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;.


rkdpiyg;gLj;jJjy;>rkdpiyg;gLj;jJjy;>rkdpiyg;gLj;jJjy;>rkdpiyg;gLj;jJjy;>

gyjirfspd; nraw; gyjirfspd; nraw; gyjirfspd; nraw; gyjirfspd; nraw;

ghl;il xUq;fpirj;jy; ghl;il xUq;fpirj;jy; ghl;il xUq;fpirj;jy; ghl;il xUq;fpirj;jy;

Nghd;w nray;ghL Nghd;w nray;ghL Nghd;w nray;ghL Nghd;w nray;ghL

fSf;F ,JnghWg;ghf fSf;F ,JnghWg;ghf fSf;F ,JnghWg;ghf fSf;F ,JnghWg;ghf

mikAk;.mikAk;.mikAk;.mikAk;.

nghWg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;. nghWg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;. nghWg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;. nghWg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;.

gplhpg;gFjpapy; mbgLk; gplhpg;gFjpapy; mbgLk; gplhpg;gFjpapy; mbgLk; gplhpg;gFjpapy; mbgLk;

NghJ ,J ghjpg;gil NghJ ,J ghjpg;gil NghJ ,J ghjpg;gil NghJ ,J ghjpg;gil

ayhk;. ,jdhy; kuzk; ayhk;. ,jdhy; kuzk; ayhk;. ,jdhy; kuzk; ayhk;. ,jdhy; kuzk;

Vw;glyhk;.Vw;glyhk;.Vw;glyhk;.Vw;glyhk;.

%iaapd; gFjpfSk; njhopy;fSk; %iaapd; gFjpfSk; njhopy;fSk; %iaapd; gFjpfSk; njhopy;fSk; %iaapd; gFjpfSk; njhopy;fSk; (Summary)

gFjpfs;gFjpfs;gFjpfs;gFjpfs; njhopy;njhopy;njhopy;njhopy;

%isak;%isak;%isak;%isak; Gyd; cWg;Gfspy; ,Ue;J Gyd; cWg;Gfspy; ,Ue;J Gyd; cWg;Gfspy; ,Ue;J Gyd; cWg;Gfspy; ,Ue;J

fpilf;Fk; nra;jpfis czh;e;J fpilf;Fk; nra;jpfis czh;e;J fpilf;Fk; nra;jpfis czh;e;J fpilf;Fk; nra;jpfis czh;e;J

nfhs;sy;.nfhs;sy;.nfhs;sy;.nfhs;sy;.

,r;irtop ,aq;F nray;fis ,r;irtop ,aq;F nray;fis ,r;irtop ,aq;F nray;fis ,r;irtop ,aq;F nray;fis


,r;irtop ,aq;F nray;fis ,r;irtop ,aq;F nray;fis ,r;irtop ,aq;F nray;fis ,r;irtop ,aq;F nray;fis

Nkw;nfhs;sy;.Nkw;nfhs;sy;.Nkw;nfhs;sy;.Nkw;nfhs;sy;.

Gj;jp rpe;id Qhgfk; Nghd;w cah; Gj;jp rpe;id Qhgfk; Nghd;w cah; Gj;jp rpe;id Qhgfk; Nghd;w cah; Gj;jp rpe;id Qhgfk; Nghd;w cah;

csj; njhopw;ghLfis csj; njhopw;ghLfis csj; njhopw;ghLfis csj; njhopw;ghLfis

Nkw;nfhs;sy;.Nkw;nfhs;sy;.Nkw;nfhs;sy;.Nkw;nfhs;sy;.

%iaapd; gFjpfSk; njhopy;fSk%iaapd; gFjpfSk; njhopy;fSk%iaapd; gFjpfSk; njhopy;fSk%iaapd; gFjpfSk; njhopy;fSk ;; ;;

gFjpfs;gFjpfs;gFjpfs;gFjpfs; njhopy;njhopy;njhopy;njhopy;

ePs;tioa ePs;tioa ePs;tioa ePs;tioa

ikatpioikatpioikatpioikatpio

ak;;ak;;ak;;ak;;

Rthrk; ,jaj;Jbg;G vd;gtw;Wf;Fg; Rthrk; ,jaj;Jbg;G vd;gtw;Wf;Fg; Rthrk; ,jaj;Jbg;G vd;gtw;Wf;Fg; Rthrk; ,jaj;Jbg;G vd;gtw;Wf;Fg;

nghWg;ghf ,Uj;jy;.nghWg;ghf ,Uj;jy;.nghWg;ghf ,Uj;jy;.nghWg;ghf ,Uj;jy;.

%sp%sp%sp%sp clypd; rkepiy Ngzy;.clypd; rkepiy Ngzy;.clypd; rkepiy Ngzy;.clypd; rkepiy Ngzy;.


%sp%sp%sp%sp clypd; rkepiy Ngzy;.clypd; rkepiy Ngzy;.clypd; rkepiy Ngzy;.clypd; rkepiy Ngzy;.

clw; jirfspd; nraw;ghl;il clw; jirfspd; nraw;ghl;il clw; jirfspd; nraw;ghl;il clw; jirfspd; nraw;ghl;il

xOq;fikj;jy;.xOq;fikj;jy;.xOq;fikj;jy;.xOq;fikj;jy;.

%sp rpijf;fg;gl;l gwit caUld; %sp rpijf;fg;gl;l gwit caUld; %sp rpijf;fg;gl;l gwit caUld; %sp rpijf;fg;gl;l gwit caUld;

,Ue;jhYk; mjdhy; gwf;f KbahJ. fhuzk; ,Ue;jhYk; mjdhy; gwf;f KbahJ. fhuzk; ,Ue;jhYk; mjdhy; gwf;f KbahJ. fhuzk; ,Ue;jhYk; mjdhy; gwf;f KbahJ. fhuzk;

rkdpiyg;gLj;j KbahikahFk;.rkdpiyg;gLj;j KbahikahFk;.rkdpiyg;gLj;j KbahikahFk;.rkdpiyg;gLj;j KbahikahFk;.

Kz;zhd; Kz;zhd; Kz;zhd; Kz;zhd; (Spinal cord)

ePs;tioaikatpioaePs;tioaikatpioaePs;tioaikatpioaePs;tioaikatpioa

j;jpd; njhlh;r;rpahf j;jpd; njhlh;r;rpahf j;jpd; njhlh;r;rpahf j;jpd; njhlh;r;rpahf

,J mikAk;. ,J ,J mikAk;. ,J ,J mikAk;. ,J ,J mikAk;. ,J

ghJfhg;ghf Ks;se; ghJfhg;ghf Ks;se; ghJfhg;ghf Ks;se; ghJfhg;ghf Ks;se;

jz;bDs; itf;fg; jz;bDs; itf;fg; jz;bDs; itf;fg; jz;bDs; itf;fg;



jz;bDs; itf;fg; jz;bDs; itf;fg; jz;bDs; itf;fg; jz;bDs; itf;fg;

gl;bUf;Fk;.,r;ir,d;wp gl;bUf;Fk;.,r;ir,d;wp gl;bUf;Fk;.,r;ir,d;wp gl;bUf;Fk;.,r;ir,d;wp

,aq;F nray;fs; ,aq;F nray;fs; ,aq;F nray;fs; ,aq;F nray;fs;

gytw;iw ,J gytw;iw ,J gytw;iw ,J gytw;iw ,J

fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;. fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;. fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;. fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;.

Kz;zhdpd; F.nt. Njhw;wk;Kz;zhdpd; F.nt. Njhw;wk;Kz;zhdpd; F.nt. Njhw;wk;Kz;zhdpd; F.nt. Njhw;wk;


Kz;zhdpd; F.nt. Njhw;wk;Kz;zhdpd; F.nt. Njhw;wk;Kz;zhdpd; F.nt. Njhw;wk;Kz;zhdpd; F.nt. Njhw;wk;

ntz;rlg;nghUs;ntz;rlg;nghUs;ntz;rlg;nghUs;ntz;rlg;nghUs;

eiur;rlg;eiur;rlg;eiur;rlg;eiur;rlg;

nghUs;nghUs;nghUs;nghUs;

Gyd;euk;GGyd;euk;GGyd;euk;GGyd;euk;GKJFg; Gw KJFg; Gw KJFg; Gw KJFg; Gw Nth;j; Nth;j; Nth;j; Nth;j; jpul;Ljpul;Ljpul;Ljpul;L


,af;feuk;G,af;feuk;G,af;feuk;G,af;feuk;G

,il ,il ,il ,il euk;Geuk;Geuk;Geuk;G

Kz;zhdpd; mikg;ig tpghpj;jy;Kz;zhdpd; mikg;ig tpghpj;jy;Kz;zhdpd; mikg;ig tpghpj;jy;Kz;zhdpd; mikg;ig tpghpj;jy;

Kz;zd; MdJ %isapd; Kz;zd; MdJ %isapd; Kz;zd; MdJ %isapd; Kz;zd; MdJ %isapd;

gFjpahfpa ePs;tioaikagFjpahfpa ePs;tioaikagFjpahfpa ePs;tioaikagFjpahfpa ePs;tioaika

tpioaj;jpd; njhlh;r;rpahf tpioaj;jpd; njhlh;r;rpahf tpioaj;jpd; njhlh;r;rpahf tpioaj;jpd; njhlh;r;rpahf

mikAk;.mikAk;.mikAk;.mikAk;.Kz;zhd;Kz;zhd;Kz;zhd;Kz;zhd;


,J Ks;se;jz;bDs; ghJfhg;ghf fhzg;gLk;. ,J Ks;se;jz;bDs; ghJfhg;ghf fhzg;gLk;. ,J Ks;se;jz;bDs; ghJfhg;ghf fhzg;gLk;. ,J Ks;se;jz;bDs; ghJfhg;ghf fhzg;gLk;.

tsh;e;j xUthpd; Kz;zhd; Vwj;jhs tsh;e;j xUthpd; Kz;zhd; Vwj;jhs tsh;e;j xUthpd; Kz;zhd; Vwj;jhs tsh;e;j xUthpd; Kz;zhd; Vwj;jhs 45cm

ePsKilaJ. ,jd; jbg;G Vwj;jhs rpd;dtpuy; ePsKilaJ. ,jd; jbg;G Vwj;jhs rpd;dtpuy; ePsKilaJ. ,jd; jbg;G Vwj;jhs rpd;dtpuy; ePsKilaJ. ,jd; jbg;G Vwj;jhs rpd;dtpuy;

msTilaJ. msTilaJ. msTilaJ. msTilaJ.


Kz;zd; FWf;F ntl;by; Kz;zd; FWf;F ntl;by; Kz;zd; FWf;F ntl;by; Kz;zd; FWf;F ntl;by;

ntz;rlg;nghUs;> eiur;rlg;nghUs; ntz;rlg;nghUs;> eiur;rlg;nghUs; ntz;rlg;nghUs;> eiur;rlg;nghUs; ntz;rlg;nghUs;> eiur;rlg;nghUs;

vDk; 2 gFjpfs; cz;L.vDk; 2 gFjpfs; cz;L.vDk; 2 gFjpfs; cz;L.vDk; 2 gFjpfs; cz;L.

eiur;rlg; nghUs; eiur;rlg; nghUs; eiur;rlg; nghUs; eiur;rlg; nghUs; H tbtpy; fhzg;gLk;. tbtpy; fhzg;gLk;. tbtpy; fhzg;gLk;. tbtpy; fhzg;gLk;.

,g;gFjpapy; euk;Gf; fyq;fspd; fyTly; ,g;gFjpapy; euk;Gf; fyq;fspd; fyTly; ,g;gFjpapy; euk;Gf; fyq;fspd; fyTly; ,g;gFjpapy; euk;Gf; fyq;fspd; fyTly;


fhzg;gLk;. fhzg;gLk;. fhzg;gLk;. fhzg;gLk;.

eiur;rlg; nghUisr; #o ntz;rlg; nghUs; eiur;rlg; nghUisr; #o ntz;rlg; nghUs; eiur;rlg; nghUisr; #o ntz;rlg; nghUs; eiur;rlg; nghUisr; #o ntz;rlg; nghUs;

fhzg;gLk;. ,jpy; kaypd; ftrj;ij nfhz;l fhzg;gLk;. ,jpy; kaypd; ftrj;ij nfhz;l fhzg;gLk;. ,jpy; kaypd; ftrj;ij nfhz;l fhzg;gLk;. ,jpy; kaypd; ftrj;ij nfhz;l

euk;G ehh;fs; fhzg;gLk;. euk;G ehh;fs; fhzg;gLk;. euk;G ehh;fs; fhzg;gLk;. euk;G ehh;fs; fhzg;gLk;.

Kz;zhdpdKz;zhdpdKz;zhdpdKz;zhdpd; ; ; ; mikg;igmikg;igmikg;igmikg;ig tpghpj;jytpghpj;jytpghpj;jytpghpj;jy;;;;

Kz;zhdKz;zhdKz;zhdKz;zhd; ; ; ; Ks;se;jz;bDsKs;se;jz;bDsKs;se;jz;bDsKs;se;jz;bDs; ; ; ;

ghJfhg;ghfghJfhg;ghfghJfhg;ghfghJfhg;ghf itf;fg;gl;bUgitf;fg;gl;bUgitf;fg;gl;bUgitf;fg;gl;bUg; ; ; ;

gJldgJldgJldgJld; ; ; ; rUkrUkrUkrUk nkd;rt;TfshYknkd;rt;TfshYknkd;rt;TfshYknkd;rt;TfshYk; ; ; ;

ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ. . . .

thq;fpaq;fq;fspythq;fpaq;fq;fspythq;fpaq;fq;fspythq;fpaq;fq;fspy; ,; ,; ,; ,Ue;JUe;JUe;JUe;J Muk;gpj;JMuk;gpj;JMuk;gpj;JMuk;gpj;J Gyd;euk;GGyd;euk;GGyd;euk;GGyd;euk;G


Kz;zhDldKz;zhDldKz;zhDldKz;zhDld; ; ; ; njhlh;Gilahjffnjhlh;Gilahjffnjhlh;Gilahjffnjhlh;Gilahjff; ; ; ;

fhzg;gLkfhzg;gLkfhzg;gLkfhzg;gLk;. ;. ;. ;.

Kz;zhdpyKz;zhdpyKz;zhdpyKz;zhdpy; ,; ,; ,; ,Ue;JUe;JUe;JUe;J ,,,,af;feuk;Gaf;feuk;Gaf;feuk;Gaf;feuk;G Muk;gpj;JMuk;gpj;JMuk;gpj;JMuk;gpj;J

tpisTfhl;biatpisTfhl;biatpisTfhl;biatpisTfhl;bia nrd;wilAknrd;wilAknrd;wilAknrd;wilAk;.;.;.;.

Kz;zhdpdKz;zhdpdKz;zhdpdKz;zhdpd; ; ; ; mikg;igmikg;igmikg;igmikg;ig tpghpj;jytpghpj;jytpghpj;jytpghpj;jy;;;;

GydGydGydGyd; ; ; ; euk;gpdeuk;gpdeuk;gpdeuk;gpd; ; ; ; fyTlyfyTlyfyTlyfyTly; ; ; ; euk;Gjeuk;Gjeuk;Gjeuk;Gj; ; ; ;

jpul;byjpul;byjpul;byjpul;by; ; ; ; fhzg;gLkfhzg;gLkfhzg;gLkfhzg;gLk;.;.;.;.

thq;fpaq;fspythq;fpaq;fspythq;fpaq;fspythq;fpaq;fspy; ,; ,; ,; ,Ue;JUe;JUe;JUe;J GydGydGydGyd; ; ; ;

euk;Gfseuk;Gfseuk;Gfseuk;Gfs; %; %; %; %ykykykyk; ; ; ; nra;jpnra;jpnra;jpnra;jp

Kz;zhidKz;zhidKz;zhidKz;zhid te;jilAkte;jilAkte;jilAkte;jilAk;.;.;.;.

nra;jpiagnra;jpiagnra;jpiagnra;jpiag; ; ; ; ngw;wngw;wngw;wngw;w Kz;zhdKz;zhdKz;zhdKz;zhd; ; ; ; mjw;Nfw;wmjw;Nfw;wmjw;Nfw;wmjw;Nfw;w


nra;jpiagnra;jpiagnra;jpiagnra;jpiag; ; ; ; ngw;wngw;wngw;wngw;w Kz;zhdKz;zhdKz;zhdKz;zhd; ; ; ; mjw;Nfw;wmjw;Nfw;wmjw;Nfw;wmjw;Nfw;w

tpisittpisittpisittpisit Vw;gLj;jfVw;gLj;jfVw;gLj;jfVw;gLj;jf; $; $; $; $babababa nra;jpianra;jpianra;jpianra;jpia

((((fzj;jhf;fj;ijfzj;jhf;fj;ijfzj;jhf;fj;ijfzj;jhf;fj;ij) ,) ,) ,) ,af;feuk;Gaf;feuk;Gaf;feuk;Gaf;feuk;G %%%%ykykykyk; ; ; ; tpisTtpisTtpisTtpisT

fhl;biafhl;biafhl;biafhl;bia Nehf;fpNehf;fpNehf;fpNehf;fp mDg;GkmDg;GkmDg;GkmDg;Gk;.;.;.;.

Kz;zhdp FWf;F ntl;LKz;zhdp FWf;F ntl;LKz;zhdp FWf;F ntl;LKz;zhdp FWf;F ntl;L



Kz;zhdpy; ,Ue;J 31 Nrhb Kz;zhd; Kz;zhdpy; ,Ue;J 31 Nrhb Kz;zhd; Kz;zhdpy; ,Ue;J 31 Nrhb Kz;zhd; Kz;zhdpy; ,Ue;J 31 Nrhb Kz;zhd;

euk;Gfs; Muk;gpj;J euk;Gfs; Muk;gpj;J euk;Gfs; Muk;gpj;J euk;Gfs; Muk;gpj;J cly; KOtJk; guk;gpf;cly; KOtJk; guk;gpf;cly; KOtJk; guk;gpf;cly; KOtJk; guk;gpf;

Gyd; euk;G

,af;f euk;G

fyg;G euk;G


euk;Gfs; Muk;gpj;J euk;Gfs; Muk;gpj;J euk;Gfs; Muk;gpj;J euk;Gfs; Muk;gpj;J cly; KOtJk; guk;gpf;cly; KOtJk; guk;gpf;cly; KOtJk; guk;gpf;cly; KOtJk; guk;gpf;

fhzg;gLk;. ,k; Kz;zhd; euk;Gfs; fyg;G fhzg;gLk;. ,k; Kz;zhd; euk;Gfs; fyg;G fhzg;gLk;. ,k; Kz;zhd; euk;Gfs; fyg;G fhzg;gLk;. ,k; Kz;zhd; euk;Gfs; fyg;G

euk;Gfs; vdg;gLk;. fhuzk; Gyd; euk;GfSk; euk;Gfs; vdg;gLk;. fhuzk; Gyd; euk;GfSk; euk;Gfs; vdg;gLk;. fhuzk; Gyd; euk;GfSk; euk;Gfs; vdg;gLk;. fhuzk; Gyd; euk;GfSk;

,af;f euk;GfSk; xU ,lj;jpy; re;jpg;gjhy; ,af;f euk;GfSk; xU ,lj;jpy; re;jpg;gjhy; ,af;f euk;GfSk; xU ,lj;jpy; re;jpg;gjhy; ,af;f euk;GfSk; xU ,lj;jpy; re;jpg;gjhy;

MFk;. MFk;. MFk;. MFk;.

njwptpidnjwptpidnjwptpidnjwptpid

Jhz;ly; fpilf;fg;ngw;W kpff; FWfpa Jhz;ly; fpilf;fg;ngw;W kpff; FWfpa Jhz;ly; fpilf;fg;ngw;W kpff; FWfpa Jhz;ly; fpilf;fg;ngw;W kpff; FWfpa

Neuj;jpy; vk;ik mwpahkNy Jyq;fy; Neuj;jpy; vk;ik mwpahkNy Jyq;fy; Neuj;jpy; vk;ik mwpahkNy Jyq;fy; Neuj;jpy; vk;ik mwpahkNy Jyq;fy;

fhl;lg;gLk; nraw;ghL fhl;lg;gLk; nraw;ghL fhl;lg;gLk; nraw;ghL fhl;lg;gLk; nraw;ghL njwptpidnjwptpidnjwptpidnjwptpid vdg;gLk;.vdg;gLk;.vdg;gLk;.vdg;gLk;.


1. fhypy; Ks;Fw;wpaTld; fhiyj; 1. fhypy; Ks;Fw;wpaTld; fhiyj; 1. fhypy; Ks;Fw;wpaTld; fhiyj; 1. fhypy; Ks;Fw;wpaTld; fhiyj;


1. fhypy; Ks;Fw;wpaTld; fhiyj; 1. fhypy; Ks;Fw;wpaTld; fhiyj; 1. fhypy; Ks;Fw;wpaTld; fhiyj; 1. fhypy; Ks;Fw;wpaTld; fhiyj;

Jhf;Fjy;. Jhf;Fjy;. Jhf;Fjy;. Jhf;Fjy;.

2.2.2.2. neUg;Gr; Rl;lTld; ifia ,Oj;jy;.neUg;Gr; Rl;lTld; ifia ,Oj;jy;.neUg;Gr; Rl;lTld; ifia ,Oj;jy;.neUg;Gr; Rl;lTld; ifia ,Oj;jy;.

3.3.3.3. ,Uky;> Jk;ky;> Fkl;ly;> Giuf;NfWjy; ,Uky;> Jk;ky;> Fkl;ly;> Giuf;NfWjy; ,Uky;> Jk;ky;> Fkl;ly;> Giuf;NfWjy; ,Uky;> Jk;ky;> Fkl;ly;> Giuf;NfWjy;

Nghd;wdTk; njwptidr; nraw;ghlhFk;. Nghd;wdTk; njwptidr; nraw;ghlhFk;. Nghd;wdTk; njwptidr; nraw;ghlhFk;. Nghd;wdTk; njwptidr; nraw;ghlhFk;.

njwptpid nraw;ghl;il tpsf;Fk; glk;njwptpid nraw;ghl;il tpsf;Fk; glk;njwptpid nraw;ghl;il tpsf;Fk; glk;njwptpid nraw;ghl;il tpsf;Fk; glk;


njwptpidr; nraw;ghL eilngWk; ghij njwptpidr; nraw;ghL eilngWk; ghij njwptpidr; nraw;ghL eilngWk; ghij njwptpidr; nraw;ghL eilngWk; ghij ---- njwptpy;njwptpy;njwptpy;njwptpy;

Gyd; euk;G

fyg;G euk;G


,af;f euk;G

jd;dhl;rp euk;Gfspd; njhopy;fs;jd;dhl;rp euk;Gfspd; njhopy;fs;jd;dhl;rp euk;Gfspd; njhopy;fs;jd;dhl;rp euk;Gfspd; njhopy;fs;


thq;fp mq;fq;fSk; thq;fp mq;fq;fSk; thq;fp mq;fq;fSk; thq;fp mq;fq;fSk;

njhopy;fSk;njhopy;fSk;njhopy;fSk;njhopy;fSk;

vkJ clypy; 5 vkJ clypy; 5 vkJ clypy; 5 vkJ clypy; 5

thq;fpaq;fq;fs; thq;fpaq;fq;fs; thq;fpaq;fq;fs; thq;fpaq;fq;fs;

cz;L.cz;L.cz;L.cz;L.

1.1.1.1. fz;fz;fz;fz; ---- ghh;it.ghh;it.ghh;it.ghh;it.

kdpjf; fz;kdpjf; fz;kdpjf; fz;kdpjf; fz;


1.1.1.1. fz;fz;fz;fz; ---- ghh;it.ghh;it.ghh;it.ghh;it.

2.2.2.2. fhJfhJfhJfhJ – Nfl;ly;Nfl;ly;Nfl;ly;Nfl;ly;

3.3.3.3. %f;F %f;F %f;F %f;F ---- kzj;jy;kzj;jy;kzj;jy;kzj;jy;

4.4.4.4. ehf;Fehf;Fehf;Fehf;F – Ritj;jy;Ritj;jy;Ritj;jy;Ritj;jy;

5.5.5.5. Njhy;Njhy;Njhy;Njhy; ---- njhLif njhLif njhLif njhLif

#L> Fsph; czh;jy; #L> Fsph; czh;jy; #L> Fsph; czh;jy; #L> Fsph; czh;jy;

kdpjf; fz; fl; kdpjf; fz; fl; kdpjf; fz; fl; kdpjf; fz; fl;

Nfhsj;jpy; MW fl; Nfhsj;jpy; MW fl; Nfhsj;jpy; MW fl; Nfhsj;jpy; MW fl;

jirfs; %yk;,izf; jirfs; %yk;,izf; jirfs; %yk;,izf; jirfs; %yk;,izf;

fg;gl;Lf; fhzg;gLk;.fg;gl;Lf; fhzg;gLk;.fg;gl;Lf; fhzg;gLk;.fg;gl;Lf; fhzg;gLk;.

kdpjf; fz;zpd; ne.ntkdpjf; fz;zpd; ne.ntkdpjf; fz;zpd; ne.ntkdpjf; fz;zpd; ne.nt

td;NfhJg; giltd;NfhJg; giltd;NfhJg; giltd;NfhJg; gil

NjhYUg; gilNjhYUg; gilNjhYUg; gilNjhYUg; gil

tpopj;jpiutpopj;jpiutpopj;jpiutpopj;jpiu

tpopntz;glyk;tpopntz;glyk;tpopntz;glyk;tpopntz;glyk;

fz;kzpfz;kzpfz;kzpfz;kzpkQ;rw; nghl;LkQ;rw; nghl;LkQ;rw; nghl;LkQ;rw; nghl;L


fz;tpy;iyfz;tpy;iyfz;tpy;iyfz;tpy;iy

fjpuhspfjpuhspfjpuhspfjpuhsp

gprpUly;gprpUly;gprpUly;gprpUly;fl;jirfl;jirfl;jirfl;jir

FUl;blk;FUl;blk;FUl;blk;FUl;blk;

kdpjf; fz;zpd; kdpjf; fz;zpd; kdpjf; fz;zpd; kdpjf; fz;zpd;

mikg;Gmikg;Gmikg;Gmikg;G

kdpjf; fz;zhdJ kdpjf; fz;zhdJ kdpjf; fz;zhdJ kdpjf; fz;zhdJ

Kw;gf;f Nehf;fpy; 2.5 Kw;gf;f Nehf;fpy; 2.5 Kw;gf;f Nehf;fpy; 2.5 Kw;gf;f Nehf;fpy; 2.5

cm tpl;lKilaJ.tpl;lKilaJ.tpl;lKilaJ.tpl;lKilaJ.

fl;Nfhsk; vDk; fl;Nfhsk; vDk; fl;Nfhsk; vDk; fl;Nfhsk; vDk;

gFjpapDs; fl;jirfs; gFjpapDs; fl;jirfs; gFjpapDs; fl;jirfs; gFjpapDs; fl;jirfs;

%yk; ,izf;fg;gl;bU %yk; ,izf;fg;gl;bU %yk; ,izf;fg;gl;bU %yk; ,izf;fg;gl;bU


f;Fk;. Nky; fPo;f;Fk;. Nky; fPo;f;Fk;. Nky; fPo;f;Fk;. Nky; fPo;

,ikfs; %yk; ,ikfs; %yk; ,ikfs; %yk; ,ikfs; %yk;

ghJfhg;Gf; fpilj;fj;ghJfhg;Gf; fpilj;fj;ghJfhg;Gf; fpilj;fj;ghJfhg;Gf; fpilj;fj;

jf;f tifapy; jf;f tifapy; jf;f tifapy; jf;f tifapy;

fhzg;gLk;.fhzg;gLk;.fhzg;gLk;.fhzg;gLk;.

2.5 cm

fl;jirfs; fz;Zld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;s mikg;Gfl;jirfs; fz;Zld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;s mikg;Gfl;jirfs; fz;Zld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;s mikg;Gfl;jirfs; fz;Zld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;s mikg;G

fl;jirfs;fl;jirfs;fl;jirfs;fl;jirfs;td;NfhJg; giltd;NfhJg; giltd;NfhJg; giltd;NfhJg; gil


tp;opntz;glyk;tp;opntz;glyk;tp;opntz;glyk;tp;opntz;glyk;

2. eLg;gil 2. eLg;gil 2. eLg;gil 2. eLg;gil –

NjhYU>NjhYU>NjhYU>NjhYU>

gprpUly;>gprpUly;>gprpUly;>gprpUly;>

fjpuhsp.fjpuhsp.fjpuhsp.fjpuhsp.

3. cl;gil 3. cl;gil 3. cl;gil 3. cl;gil –

tpopj;jpiu.tpopj;jpiu.tpopj;jpiu.tpopj;jpiu.fz;zpd; neLf;F fz;zpd; neLf;F fz;zpd; neLf;F fz;zpd; neLf;F


fz; 3 gilfisf; fz; 3 gilfisf; fz; 3 gilfisf; fz; 3 gilfisf;

nfhz;lJnfhz;lJnfhz;lJnfhz;lJ....

1. ntspg;gil1. ntspg;gil1. ntspg;gil1. ntspg;gil ----td;NfhJ> td;NfhJ> td;NfhJ> td;NfhJ>

tpopntz;glyk;.tpopntz;glyk;.tpopntz;glyk;.tpopntz;glyk;.

tpopj;jpiu.tpopj;jpiu.tpopj;jpiu.tpopj;jpiu.ntl;L ntl;L ntl;L ntl;L

tpspntz; tpspntz; tpspntz; tpspntz;

glyk;glyk;glyk;glyk;

td; td; td; td;

NfhJg; NfhJg; NfhJg; NfhJg;

gilgilgilgil

tpopj;jpiutpopj;jpiutpopj;jpiutpopj;jpiu

fjpuhspfjpuhspfjpuhspfjpuhsp

NjhYUg; NjhYUg; NjhYUg; NjhYUg;

gilgilgilgil

fz;zpy; ghh;it Vw;gLtijf; fhl;Lk; glk;fz;zpy; ghh;it Vw;gLtijf; fhl;Lk; glk;fz;zpy; ghh;it Vw;gLtijf; fhl;Lk; glk;fz;zpy; ghh;it Vw;gLtijf; fhl;Lk; glk;


fz;zpd; gFjpfSk; mtw;wpd; njhopy;fSkfz;zpd; gFjpfSk; mtw;wpd; njhopy;fSkfz;zpd; gFjpfSk; mtw;wpd; njhopy;fSkfz;zpd; gFjpfSk; mtw;wpd; njhopy;fSk ;; ;;

gFjpgFjpgFjpgFjp njhopy;fs;njhopy;fs;njhopy;fs;njhopy;fs;

tpopntz;glyk;tpopntz;glyk;tpopntz;glyk;tpopntz;glyk; fz;zpDs; xspiag; Gftply;fz;zpDs; xspiag; Gftply;fz;zpDs; xspiag; Gftply;fz;zpDs; xspiag; Gftply;

td;NfhJg; td;NfhJg; td;NfhJg; td;NfhJg;

gilgilgilgil

fz;izg; ghJfhj;jy;> fz;izg; ghJfhj;jy;> fz;izg; ghJfhj;jy;> fz;izg; ghJfhj;jy;> fz;Zf;F fz;Zf;F fz;Zf;F fz;Zf;F

xU jpl;lkhd tbtk; toq;fy;xU jpl;lkhd tbtk; toq;fy;xU jpl;lkhd tbtk; toq;fy;xU jpl;lkhd tbtk; toq;fy;

NjhYg; gilNjhYg; gilNjhYg; gilNjhYg; gil FUjpf; fyd;fisf; nfhz;Ls; FUjpf; fyd;fisf; nfhz;Ls; FUjpf; fyd;fisf; nfhz;Ls; FUjpf; fyd;fisf; nfhz;Ls;


NjhYg; gilNjhYg; gilNjhYg; gilNjhYg; gil FUjpf; fyd;fisf; nfhz;Ls; FUjpf; fyd;fisf; nfhz;Ls; FUjpf; fyd;fisf; nfhz;Ls; FUjpf; fyd;fisf; nfhz;Ls;

sjhy; fz;Zf;F Nghrid sjhy; fz;Zf;F Nghrid sjhy; fz;Zf;F Nghrid sjhy; fz;Zf;F Nghrid

toq;fy;toq;fy;toq;fy;toq;fy;

fjpuhspfjpuhspfjpuhspfjpuhsp fz;kzpapd; gUkid khw;Wtjd; fz;kzpapd; gUkid khw;Wtjd; fz;kzpapd; gUkid khw;Wtjd; fz;kzpapd; gUkid khw;Wtjd;

%yk; fz;zpDs; GFk; xspapd; %yk; fz;zpDs; GFk; xspapd; %yk; fz;zpDs; GFk; xspapd; %yk; fz;zpDs; GFk; xspapd;

msitf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;.msitf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;.msitf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;.msitf; fl;Lg;gLj;jy;.fz;kzpfz;kzpfz;kzpfz;kzp



gprpUly;gprpUly;gprpUly;gprpUly; tpy;iyapd; tisit khw;Wjy;tpy;iyapd; tisit khw;Wjy;tpy;iyapd; tisit khw;Wjy;tpy;iyapd; tisit khw;Wjy;

tpopj;jpiutpopj;jpiutpopj;jpiutpopj;jpiu tpk;gk; cUthf ,lkspj;jy; tpk;gk; cUthf ,lkspj;jy; tpk;gk; cUthf ,lkspj;jy; tpk;gk; cUthf ,lkspj;jy; /

xspf;F czh;r;rpAil fyq;fisf; xspf;F czh;r;rpAil fyq;fisf; xspf;F czh;r;rpAil fyq;fisf; xspf;F czh;r;rpAil fyq;fisf;

nfhz;bUj;jy; nfhz;bUj;jy; nfhz;bUj;jy; nfhz;bUj;jy; / tpk;gj;ij tpk;gj;ij tpk;gj;ij tpk;gj;ij

fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp %isf;F fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp %isf;F fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp %isf;F fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp %isf;F


fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp %isf;F fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp %isf;F fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp %isf;F fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp %isf;F

mDg;Gjy;.mDg;Gjy;.mDg;Gjy;.mDg;Gjy;.

(tpopj;jpiuapy; Nfhy; fyq;fs;> (tpopj;jpiuapy; Nfhy; fyq;fs;> (tpopj;jpiuapy; Nfhy; fyq;fs;> (tpopj;jpiuapy; Nfhy; fyq;fs;>

$k;Gf; fyq;fs; vd ,Utiff; $k;Gf; fyq;fs; vd ,Utiff; $k;Gf; fyq;fs; vd ,Utiff; $k;Gf; fyq;fs; vd ,Utiff;

fyq;fs; cs;sd.)fyq;fs; cs;sd.)fyq;fs; cs;sd.)fyq;fs; cs;sd.)



fz;tpy;iyfz;tpy;iyfz;tpy;iyfz;tpy;iy ,J fz;kzpapd; gpd;dhy; ,J fz;kzpapd; gpd;dhy; ,J fz;kzpapd; gpd;dhy; ,J fz;kzpapd; gpd;dhy;

fhzg;gLk;. ,jd; tisT fhzg;gLk;. ,jd; tisT fhzg;gLk;. ,jd; tisT fhzg;gLk;. ,jd; tisT

khw;wg;glf;$baJ. khw;wg;glf;$baJ. khw;wg;glf;$baJ. khw;wg;glf;$baJ. mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUis mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUis mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUis mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUis

Nehf;Fk; NghJ tpy;iyapd; Nehf;Fk; NghJ tpy;iyapd; Nehf;Fk; NghJ tpy;iyapd; Nehf;Fk; NghJ tpy;iyapd;


tpy;iyapd; tisit khw;w tpy;iyapd; tisit khw;w tpy;iyapd; tisit khw;w tpy;iyapd; tisit khw;w

gprpUly; cjTk;.gprpUly; cjTk;.gprpUly; cjTk;.gprpUly; cjTk;.

tisTtisTtisTtisT

Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUis Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUis Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUis Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUis


tisTtisTtisTtisT

mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUis mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUis mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUis mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUis


tisTtisTtisTtisT

mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUspy; ,Ue;J mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUspy; ,Ue;J mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUspy; ,Ue;J mz;ikapy; cs;s nghUspy; ,Ue;J

tUk; xspf;fjph;tUk; xspf;fjph;tUk; xspf;fjph;tUk; xspf;fjph;

fz;tpy;iyapd; tisT khWjy;fz;tpy;iyapd; tisT khWjy;fz;tpy;iyapd; tisT khWjy;fz;tpy;iyapd; tisT khWjy;


Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUis Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUis Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUis Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUis


tisTtisTtisTtisT

Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUspy; ,Ue;J Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUspy; ,Ue;J Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUspy; ,Ue;J Jhuj;jpy; cs;s nghUspy; ,Ue;J

tUk; xspf;fjph;tUk; xspf;fjph;tUk; xspf;fjph;tUk; xspf;fjph;



fz;kzpfz;kzpfz;kzpfz;kzp ,J xU JisahFk;. ,jd; ,J xU JisahFk;. ,jd; ,J xU JisahFk;. ,jd; ,J xU JisahFk;. ,jd;

%yk; fz;Zf;Fs; xspf;fjph; %yk; fz;Zf;Fs; xspf;fjph; %yk; fz;Zf;Fs; xspf;fjph; %yk; fz;Zf;Fs; xspf;fjph;

GFk;. ,jd; gUkidf; $l;bf; GFk;. ,jd; gUkidf; $l;bf; GFk;. ,jd; gUkidf; $l;bf; GFk;. ,jd; gUkidf; $l;bf;

Fiwg;gjpy; fjpuhsp cjTk;. Fiwg;gjpy; fjpuhsp cjTk;. Fiwg;gjpy; fjpuhsp cjTk;. Fiwg;gjpy; fjpuhsp cjTk;.


ghh;it euk;Gghh;it euk;Gghh;it euk;Gghh;it euk;G tpopj;jpiuapy; ngwg;gl;l tpopj;jpiuapy; ngwg;gl;l tpopj;jpiuapy; ngwg;gl;l tpopj;jpiuapy; ngwg;gl;l

tpk;gj;ij %isf;F vLj;Jr; tpk;gj;ij %isf;F vLj;Jr; tpk;gj;ij %isf;F vLj;Jr; tpk;gj;ij %isf;F vLj;Jr;

nry;Yjy;. nry;Yjy;. nry;Yjy;. nry;Yjy;.

tpopj;jpiuapy; tpopj;jpiuapy; tpopj;jpiuapy; tpopj;jpiuapy;

FUl;blk;> kQ;rw; FUl;blk;> kQ;rw; FUl;blk;> kQ;rw; FUl;blk;> kQ;rw;

nghl;L Mfpa ,U nghl;L Mfpa ,U nghl;L Mfpa ,U nghl;L Mfpa ,U

,lq;fs; cs;sd.,lq;fs; cs;sd.,lq;fs; cs;sd.,lq;fs; cs;sd.

kQ;rl; nghl;L kQ;rl; nghl;L kQ;rl; nghl;L kQ;rl; nghl;L

fz;tpy;iyapd; NeNufz;tpy;iyapd; NeNufz;tpy;iyapd; NeNufz;tpy;iyapd; NeNu

gpd;dhy; tpopj;jpiuapy; gpd;dhy; tpopj;jpiuapy; gpd;dhy; tpopj;jpiuapy; gpd;dhy; tpopj;jpiuapy;

FUl;blk; ghh;it FUl;blk; ghh;it FUl;blk; ghh;it FUl;blk; ghh;it

euk;Gfs; Muk;gpf;Fk; euk;Gfs; Muk;gpf;Fk; euk;Gfs; Muk;gpf;Fk; euk;Gfs; Muk;gpf;Fk;

,lj;jpy; fhzg;gLk;. ,lj;jpy; fhzg;gLk;. ,lj;jpy; fhzg;gLk;. ,lj;jpy; fhzg;gLk;.

,jpy; ngwg;gLk; ,jpy; ngwg;gLk; ,jpy; ngwg;gLk; ,jpy; ngwg;gLk;

tpk;kk; njhptjpy;iy.tpk;kk; njhptjpy;iy.tpk;kk; njhptjpy;iy.tpk;kk; njhptjpy;iy.

Fz;tpy;iyapd; Fz;tpy;iyapd; Fz;tpy;iyapd; Fz;tpy;iyapd;


gpd;dhy; tpopj;jpiuapy; gpd;dhy; tpopj;jpiuapy; gpd;dhy; tpopj;jpiuapy; gpd;dhy; tpopj;jpiuapy;

fhzg;gLk;. ,jpy; fhzg;gLk;. ,jpy; fhzg;gLk;. ,jpy; fhzg;gLk;. ,jpy;

ngwg;gLk; tpk;gNk ngwg;gLk; tpk;gNk ngwg;gLk; tpk;gNk ngwg;gLk; tpk;gNk

njspthdjhff; njspthdjhff; njspthdjhff; njspthdjhff;

fhzg;gLk;. fhzg;gLk;. fhzg;gLk;. fhzg;gLk;.

tisT rpyUf;F khw tisT rpyUf;F khw tisT rpyUf;F khw tisT rpyUf;F khw

KbahJ Nghdhy; ePs; KbahJ Nghdhy; ePs; KbahJ Nghdhy; ePs; KbahJ Nghdhy; ePs;

ghh;it > FWk;ghh;itf; ghh;it > FWk;ghh;itf; ghh;it > FWk;ghh;itf; ghh;it > FWk;ghh;itf;

FiwghLfs; Vw;gLk;.FiwghLfs; Vw;gLk;.FiwghLfs; Vw;gLk;.FiwghLfs; Vw;gLk;.

kdpjf; fhJkdpjf; fhJkdpjf; fhJkdpjf; fhJ

fhJr; NrhidfhJr; NrhidfhJr; NrhidfhJr; Nrhid

ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUs;

nrtp euk;Gnrtp euk;Gnrtp euk;Gnrtp euk;G

nrtpr; rpw;nwd;Gfs;nrtpr; rpw;nwd;Gfs;nrtpr; rpw;nwd;Gfs;nrtpr; rpw;nwd;Gfs;

miutl;lf; fhy;tha;miutl;lf; fhy;tha;miutl;lf; fhy;tha;miutl;lf; fhy;tha;


Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha;Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha;Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha;Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha;

nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;Tnrtpg;giw nkd;rt;Tnrtpg;giw nkd;rt;Tnrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T

Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; Cj;Njf;fpahtpd;

fhy;tha;fhy;tha;fhy;tha;fhy;tha;

fhjpd; mikg;G (ghjp jpwe;j epiy)fhjpd; mikg;G (ghjp jpwe;j epiy)fhjpd; mikg;G (ghjp jpwe;j epiy)fhjpd; mikg;G (ghjp jpwe;j epiy)


fhjpd; mikg;ig tpghpj;jy;fhjpd; mikg;ig tpghpj;jy;fhjpd; mikg;ig tpghpj;jy;fhjpd; mikg;ig tpghpj;jy;

kdpjf; fhJ ntspf; fhJ> eLf;fhJ> cl;fhJ kdpjf; fhJ ntspf; fhJ> eLf;fhJ> cl;fhJ kdpjf; fhJ ntspf; fhJ> eLf;fhJ> cl;fhJ kdpjf; fhJ ntspf; fhJ> eLf;fhJ> cl;fhJ

vdg; ghpf;fg;gLk;.vdg; ghpf;fg;gLk;.vdg; ghpf;fg;gLk;.vdg; ghpf;fg;gLk;.

ntspf;fhJ:ntspf;fhJ:ntspf;fhJ:ntspf;fhJ:---- clf;fhJ:clf;fhJ:clf;fhJ:clf;fhJ:----

1.1.1.1. fhJr; NrhizfhJr; NrhizfhJr; NrhizfhJr; Nrhiz 1. nrtpr;rpw;nwd;Gfs;1. nrtpr;rpw;nwd;Gfs;1. nrtpr;rpw;nwd;Gfs;1. nrtpr;rpw;nwd;Gfs;

2.2.2.2. Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha; Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha; Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha; Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha; (rk;kl;bAU> gl;lilAU(rk;kl;bAU> gl;lilAU(rk;kl;bAU> gl;lilAU(rk;kl;bAU> gl;lilAU


2.2.2.2. Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha; Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha; Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha; Gwf;fhJf; fhy;tha; (rk;kl;bAU> gl;lilAU(rk;kl;bAU> gl;lilAU(rk;kl;bAU> gl;lilAU(rk;kl;bAU> gl;lilAU

3.3.3.3. nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;Tnrtpg;giw nkd;rt;Tnrtpg;giw nkd;rt;Tnrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T Ve;jpAU.)Ve;jpAU.)Ve;jpAU.)Ve;jpAU.)

eLf;fhJeLf;fhJeLf;fhJeLf;fhJ

ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUs;

ntspf; fhJ :ntspf; fhJ :ntspf; fhJ :ntspf; fhJ :----Gwf;fhJf; Gwf;fhJf; Gwf;fhJf; Gwf;fhJf;

NrhidNrhidNrhidNrhidGwf;fhJf; Gwf;fhJf; Gwf;fhJf; Gwf;fhJf;


nrtpg;giw nrtpg;giw nrtpg;giw nrtpg;giw

nkd;rt;Tnkd;rt;Tnkd;rt;Tnkd;rt;T


�,J Gwf; fhJr; Nrhid> Gwf; fhJf; fhy;tha; ,J Gwf; fhJr; Nrhid> Gwf; fhJf; fhy;tha; ,J Gwf; fhJr; Nrhid> Gwf; fhJf; fhy;tha; ,J Gwf; fhJr; Nrhid> Gwf; fhJf; fhy;tha;

nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T vd;gtw;iwf; nfhz;lJ.nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T vd;gtw;iwf; nfhz;lJ.nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T vd;gtw;iwf; nfhz;lJ.nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T vd;gtw;iwf; nfhz;lJ.

�fhJr;Nrhiz xypaiyfisf; Ftpj;Jf; fhJr;Nrhiz xypaiyfisf; Ftpj;Jf; fhJr;Nrhiz xypaiyfisf; Ftpj;Jf; fhJr;Nrhiz xypaiyfisf; Ftpj;Jf;

fhjpDs; mDg;Gk;.fhjpDs; mDg;Gk;.fhjpDs; mDg;Gk;.fhjpDs; mDg;Gk;.

� Gwf;fhJf; fhy;thapy; kaph;fs;> Gwf;fhJf; fhy;thapy; kaph;fs;> Gwf;fhJf; fhy;thapy; kaph;fs;> Gwf;fhJf; fhy;thapy; kaph;fs;> nkOFg; nkOFg; nkOFg; nkOFg;

gjhh;j;jq;fs; vd;gd gjhh;j;jq;fs; vd;gd gjhh;j;jq;fs; vd;gd gjhh;j;jq;fs; vd;gd fhzg;gL;k; ,J fhzg;gL;k; ,J fhzg;gL;k; ,J fhzg;gL;k; ,J

fhjpDs; Jhrpfs; nry;tijj; jLf;Fk;.fhjpDs; Jhrpfs; nry;tijj; jLf;Fk;.fhjpDs; Jhrpfs; nry;tijj; jLf;Fk;.fhjpDs; Jhrpfs; nry;tijj; jLf;Fk;.

� nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T Gwr;nrtpapd; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T Gwr;nrtpapd; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T Gwr;nrtpapd; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T Gwr;nrtpapd;

,Wjpg;gFjp ahFk;> ,JNt ,Wjpg;gFjp ahFk;> ,JNt ,Wjpg;gFjp ahFk;> ,JNt ,Wjpg;gFjp ahFk;> ,JNt

xypaiyfSf;Nfw;g Kjypy; mjpUk; xypaiyfSf;Nfw;g Kjypy; mjpUk; xypaiyfSf;Nfw;g Kjypy; mjpUk; xypaiyfSf;Nfw;g Kjypy; mjpUk;

gFjpahFk;.gFjpahFk;.gFjpahFk;.gFjpahFk;.


gFjpahFk;.gFjpahFk;.gFjpahFk;.gFjpahFk;.

� nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; Rahjpd mjph;tpw;F nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; Rahjpd mjph;tpw;F nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; Rahjpd mjph;tpw;F nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; Rahjpd mjph;tpw;F

eLf;fhjpy; Muk;gpj;J njhz;ilapy; jpwf;Fk; eLf;fhjpy; Muk;gpj;J njhz;ilapy; jpwf;Fk; eLf;fhjpy; Muk;gpj;J njhz;ilapy; jpwf;Fk; eLf;fhjpy; Muk;gpj;J njhz;ilapy; jpwf;Fk;

Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; cjTk;. ,jd; Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; cjTk;. ,jd; Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; cjTk;. ,jd; Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; cjTk;. ,jd;

%yk; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; cs;> ntsp %yk; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; cs;> ntsp %yk; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; cs;> ntsp %yk; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; cs;> ntsp

mKf;fk; rkg;gLj;jg;gLk;.mKf;fk; rkg;gLj;jg;gLk;.mKf;fk; rkg;gLj;jg;gLk;.mKf;fk; rkg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

eLf;fhJ :eLf;fhJ :eLf;fhJ :eLf;fhJ :----

rk;kl;bAUrk;kl;bAUrk;kl;bAUrk;kl;bAU

Ve;jpAUVe;jpAUVe;jpAUVe;jpAU

gl;lilbAUgl;lilbAUgl;lilbAUgl;lilbAU

Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; Cj;Njf;fpahtpd;



�eLf;fhjpy; 3 nrtpr; rpw;nwd;Gfshd rk;kl;bAU> eLf;fhjpy; 3 nrtpr; rpw;nwd;Gfshd rk;kl;bAU> eLf;fhjpy; 3 nrtpr; rpw;nwd;Gfshd rk;kl;bAU> eLf;fhjpy; 3 nrtpr; rpw;nwd;Gfshd rk;kl;bAU>

gl;lilAU> Ve;jpAU vd;gd fhzg;gLfpd;wd.gl;lilAU> Ve;jpAU vd;gd fhzg;gLfpd;wd.gl;lilAU> Ve;jpAU vd;gd fhzg;gLfpd;wd.gl;lilAU> Ve;jpAU vd;gd fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

�,it nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; mjph;TfSf;F ,it nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; mjph;TfSf;F ,it nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; mjph;TfSf;F ,it nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; mjph;TfSf;F

Vw;g mjph;e;J xypaiyfis cl;fhij Nehf;fpf; Vw;g mjph;e;J xypaiyfis cl;fhij Nehf;fpf; Vw;g mjph;e;J xypaiyfis cl;fhij Nehf;fpf; Vw;g mjph;e;J xypaiyfis cl;fhij Nehf;fpf;

flj;Jk;.flj;Jk;.flj;Jk;.flj;Jk;.

eLf;fhJ :eLf;fhJ :eLf;fhJ :eLf;fhJ :----

�clypy; cs;s rpwpa vd;Gfs; eLf;fhjpy; clypy; cs;s rpwpa vd;Gfs; eLf;fhjpy; clypy; cs;s rpwpa vd;Gfs; eLf;fhjpy; clypy; cs;s rpwpa vd;Gfs; eLf;fhjpy;

cs;s vd;GfshFk;.cs;s vd;GfshFk;.cs;s vd;GfshFk;.cs;s vd;GfshFk;.

�Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; vDk; mikg;G Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; vDk; mikg;G Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; vDk; mikg;G Cj;Njf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; vDk; mikg;G

eLf;fhjpy; Muk;gpj;J njhz;ilapy; eLf;fhjpy; Muk;gpj;J njhz;ilapy; eLf;fhjpy; Muk;gpj;J njhz;ilapy; eLf;fhjpy; Muk;gpj;J njhz;ilapy;

jpwf;Fk;.jpwf;Fk;.jpwf;Fk;.jpwf;Fk;.


jpwf;Fk;.jpwf;Fk;.jpwf;Fk;.jpwf;Fk;.

�Cj;Njhf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; %yk; Cj;Njhf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; %yk; Cj;Njhf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; %yk; Cj;Njhf;fpahtpd; fhy;tha; %yk;

nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; mKf;fk; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; mKf;fk; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; mKf;fk; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;tpd; mKf;fk;

rkg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.rkg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.rkg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.rkg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.

cl;fhJ :cl;fhJ :cl;fhJ :cl;fhJ :----

ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUs;ej;ijr; RUspd; cs;sikg;Gej;ijr; RUspd; cs;sikg;Gej;ijr; RUspd; cs;sikg;Gej;ijr; RUspd; cs;sikg;G

Cl; fhJCl; fhJCl; fhJCl; fhJ


�,jpy; ej;ijr;RUs; vDk; mikg;G fhzg;gLk;.,jpy; ej;ijr;RUs; vDk; mikg;G fhzg;gLk;.,jpy; ej;ijr;RUs; vDk; mikg;G fhzg;gLk;.,jpy; ej;ijr;RUs; vDk; mikg;G fhzg;gLk;.

�,JNt xypaiyfis fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp ,JNt xypaiyfis fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp ,JNt xypaiyfis fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp ,JNt xypaiyfis fzj;jhf;fkhf khw;wp

%isf;F nrtp euk;G %yk; mDg;GfpwJ.%isf;F nrtp euk;G %yk; mDg;GfpwJ.%isf;F nrtp euk;G %yk; mDg;GfpwJ.%isf;F nrtp euk;G %yk; mDg;GfpwJ.

�fhjpy; xypaiyfs; gpd;tUk; ghijA+lhfr; fhjpy; xypaiyfs; gpd;tUk; ghijA+lhfr; fhjpy; xypaiyfs; gpd;tUk; ghijA+lhfr; fhjpy; xypaiyfs; gpd;tUk; ghijA+lhfr;

nry;Yk;:nry;Yk;:nry;Yk;:nry;Yk;:----

Gwf;fhJr; Nrhiz Gwf;fhJf;

fhy;tha; nrtpg;giw nkd;rt;T

nrtpr;rpw;nwd;Gfs; ej;ijr; RUs;

nrtpeuk;G %is

Note :- fhjpy; jiythapy; cgfuzk; vDk;


Note :- fhjpy; jiythapy; cgfuzk; vDk;

mikg;Gf; fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,J clw;

rkepiy Ngz cjTfpwJ.

ej;ijrej;ijrej;ijrej;ijr ; RUspd; cs;sikg;G; RUspd; cs;sikg;G; RUspd; cs;sikg;G; RUspd; cs;sikg;G


ej;ijr; RUspDs; cs;s Nfl;Yf;fhd Kf;fpa ej;ijr; RUspDs; cs;s Nfl;Yf;fhd Kf;fpa ej;ijr; RUspDs; cs;s Nfl;Yf;fhd Kf;fpa ej;ijr; RUspDs; cs;s Nfl;Yf;fhd Kf;fpa mikg;ghfpa Nfhl;bapd; mq;fk; mikg;ghfpa Nfhl;bapd; mq;fk; mikg;ghfpa Nfhl;bapd; mq;fk; mikg;ghfpa Nfhl;bapd; mq;fk;

,JNt ,JNt ,JNt ,JNt

xypaiyfisf; xypaiyfisf; xypaiyfisf; xypaiyfisf;

fzj;jhf;fkhf fzj;jhf;fkhf fzj;jhf;fkhf fzj;jhf;fkhf

khw;Wk;.mf;fzj; khw;Wk;.mf;fzj; khw;Wk;.mf;fzj; khw;Wk;.mf;fzj;

jhf;fk;nrtpeuk;G jhf;fk;nrtpeuk;G jhf;fk;nrtpeuk;G jhf;fk;nrtpeuk;G


jhf;fk;nrtpeuk;G jhf;fk;nrtpeuk;G jhf;fk;nrtpeuk;G jhf;fk;nrtpeuk;G

%yk; %isf;F %yk; %isf;F %yk; %isf;F %yk; %isf;F

vLj;Jr; nry;yg; vLj;Jr; nry;yg; vLj;Jr; nry;yg; vLj;Jr; nry;yg;

gl;L %isapdhy; mj; jfty; tpsq;fg;gLk;. gl;L %isapdhy; mj; jfty; tpsq;fg;gLk;. gl;L %isapdhy; mj; jfty; tpsq;fg;gLk;. gl;L %isapdhy; mj; jfty; tpsq;fg;gLk;.

%isapd; %isak; %yk; xyp czug;gLk;.%isapd; %isak; %yk; xyp czug;gLk;.%isapd; %isak; %yk; xyp czug;gLk;.%isapd; %isak; %yk; xyp czug;gLk;.

kdpjj; Njhy;kdpjj; Njhy;kdpjj; Njhy;kdpjj; Njhy;

1.1.1.1. Njhy; vkJ cliyg; Nghh;j;jpAs;sjd; %yk; Njhy; vkJ cliyg; Nghh;j;jpAs;sjd; %yk; Njhy; vkJ cliyg; Nghh;j;jpAs;sjd; %yk; Njhy; vkJ cliyg; Nghh;j;jpAs;sjd; %yk; ghJfhg;G> ePhpog;G jLg;G> Ez;zq;fp nry;yhJ ghJfhg;G> ePhpog;G jLg;G> Ez;zq;fp nry;yhJ ghJfhg;G> ePhpog;G jLg;G> Ez;zq;fp nry;yhJ ghJfhg;G> ePhpog;G jLg;G> Ez;zq;fp nry;yhJ jLj;jy;> moFtoq;fy;> Nghd;w njhopy;fis jLj;jy;> moFtoq;fy;> Nghd;w njhopy;fis jLj;jy;> moFtoq;fy;> Nghd;w njhopy;fis jLj;jy;> moFtoq;fy;> Nghd;w njhopy;fis Nkw;nfhs;fpwJ.Nkw;nfhs;fpwJ.Nkw;nfhs;fpwJ.Nkw;nfhs;fpwJ.

2.2.2.2. NkYk; Njhy; R+hpa xspapy; cs;s Gw Cjhf; NkYk; Njhy; R+hpa xspapy; cs;s Gw Cjhf; NkYk; Njhy; R+hpa xspapy; cs;s Gw Cjhf; NkYk; Njhy; R+hpa xspapy; cs;s Gw Cjhf; fjph;fisf; nfhz;L tpw;wkpd; fjph;fisf; nfhz;L tpw;wkpd; fjph;fisf; nfhz;L tpw;wkpd; fjph;fisf; nfhz;L tpw;wkpd; D iaAk; iaAk; iaAk; iaAk; njhFf;fpd;wJ. njhFf;fpd;wJ. njhFf;fpd;wJ. njhFf;fpd;wJ.


njhFf;fpd;wJ. njhFf;fpd;wJ. njhFf;fpd;wJ. njhFf;fpd;wJ.

3.3.3.3. mj;Jld; vkJ clypy; cs;s nghpa mj;Jld; vkJ clypy; cs;s nghpa mj;Jld; vkJ clypy; cs;s nghpa mj;Jld; vkJ clypy; cs;s nghpa thq;fpahfTk; nraw;gl;L R+L> Fsph;> njhLif> thq;fpahfTk; nraw;gl;L R+L> Fsph;> njhLif> thq;fpahfTk; nraw;gl;L R+L> Fsph;> njhLif> thq;fpahfTk; nraw;gl;L R+L> Fsph;> njhLif> NehT> vd;gtw;iwAk; czh;fpd;wJ.NehT> vd;gtw;iwAk; czh;fpd;wJ.NehT> vd;gtw;iwAk; czh;fpd;wJ.NehT> vd;gtw;iwAk; czh;fpd;wJ.

4.4.4.4. NkYk; ntg;gepiy> ePh;r;nrwpT vd;gd NkYk; ntg;gepiy> ePh;r;nrwpT vd;gd NkYk; ntg;gepiy> ePh;r;nrwpT vd;gd NkYk; ntg;gepiy> ePh;r;nrwpT vd;gd NgZtjpy; cjTfpwJ.NgZtjpy; cjTfpwJ.NgZtjpy; cjTfpwJ.NgZtjpy; cjTfpwJ.

kdpjj; Njhypd; mikg;Gkdpjj; Njhypd; mikg;Gkdpjj; Njhypd; mikg;Gkdpjj; Njhypd; mikg;G

Nkw;Nwhy;Nkw;Nwhy;Nkw;Nwhy;Nkw;Nwhy;


cccc

l;l;l;l;

NjhNjhNjhNjh

y;y;y;y;

kdpjj; Njhypd; mikg;Gkdpjj; Njhypd; mikg;Gkdpjj; Njhypd; mikg;Gkdpjj; Njhypd; mikg;G

1.1.1.1. kdpjj; Njhy; cliy %bAs;s mq;fkhFk;.kdpjj; Njhy; cliy %bAs;s mq;fkhFk;.kdpjj; Njhy; cliy %bAs;s mq;fkhFk;.kdpjj; Njhy; cliy %bAs;s mq;fkhFk;.

2.2.2.2. ,J Nkw;Nwhy; cl;Njhy; vdg; ghpf;fg;gLk;.,J Nkw;Nwhy; cl;Njhy; vdg; ghpf;fg;gLk;.,J Nkw;Nwhy; cl;Njhy; vdg; ghpf;fg;gLk;.,J Nkw;Nwhy; cl;Njhy; vdg; ghpf;fg;gLk;.

3.3.3.3. Nkw;Nwhypy; Nkyzp ,ioaf; fyq;fs; Nkw;Nwhypy; Nkyzp ,ioaf; fyq;fs; Nkw;Nwhypy; Nkyzp ,ioaf; fyq;fs; Nkw;Nwhypy; Nkyzp ,ioaf; fyq;fs; fhzg;gLk;. ,it ,we;jit fhuzk; fhzg;gLk;. ,it ,we;jit fhuzk; fhzg;gLk;. ,it ,we;jit fhuzk; fhzg;gLk;. ,it ,we;jit fhuzk; cNuhQ;fg;gLk; NghJ Neh Vw;glhjpUf;f> cNuhQ;fg;gLk; NghJ Neh Vw;glhjpUf;f> cNuhQ;fg;gLk; NghJ Neh Vw;glhjpUf;f> cNuhQ;fg;gLk; NghJ Neh Vw;glhjpUf;f> Ez;zq;fpfs; njhw;wp clypDs; nry;yhJ Ez;zq;fpfs; njhw;wp clypDs; nry;yhJ Ez;zq;fpfs; njhw;wp clypDs; nry;yhJ Ez;zq;fpfs; njhw;wp clypDs; nry;yhJ jLf;f> ePhpog;G Vw;glhJ jLf;f.jLf;f> ePhpog;G Vw;glhJ jLf;f.jLf;f> ePhpog;G Vw;glhJ jLf;f.jLf;f> ePhpog;G Vw;glhJ jLf;f.


jLf;f> ePhpog;G Vw;glhJ jLf;f.jLf;f> ePhpog;G Vw;glhJ jLf;f.jLf;f> ePhpog;G Vw;glhJ jLf;f.jLf;f> ePhpog;G Vw;glhJ jLf;f.

4.4.4.4. clNjhypy; capUs;sJ. ,jpy; euk;G clNjhypy; capUs;sJ. ,jpy; euk;G clNjhypy; capUs;sJ. ,jpy; euk;G clNjhypy; capUs;sJ. ,jpy; euk;G Kbtplq;fs;> FUjpf;Foha;fs;> kaphpd; Nth;> Kbtplq;fs;> FUjpf;Foha;fs;> kaphpd; Nth;> Kbtplq;fs;> FUjpf;Foha;fs;> kaphpd; Nth;> Kbtplq;fs;> FUjpf;Foha;fs;> kaphpd; Nth;> nea;r;Rug;gp> tpah;itr;Rug;gp vd;gd fhzg;gLk;.nea;r;Rug;gp> tpah;itr;Rug;gp vd;gd fhzg;gLk;.nea;r;Rug;gp> tpah;itr;Rug;gp vd;gd fhzg;gLk;.nea;r;Rug;gp> tpah;itr;Rug;gp vd;gd fhzg;gLk;.

science & ict · kjfg; gw nth;j; jpul;l a.r.emil. science & technology 22,af;feuk;g,il...

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