8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/screening-and-diagnosis-colorectal-cancer 1/6

Screening and Diagnosis

• All average-risk adults aged 50 years or older should undergo one or

more of the following: annual Fecal occult blood test, e!iblesigmoidosco"y every 5 years, double-contrast barium enema #D$%&'

every 5 years, $( colonogra"hy every 5 years, or $olonosco"y every)0 years* All "ositive tests should be followed u" with a colonosco"y*

• +igh-risk "atients, including those with a "ersonal or family history of

colorectal cancer or "oly"s, or a history of inammatory bowel disease,Should be screened earlier and more freuently*

• Adults with signs or sym"toms consistent with colorectal neo"lasmshould undergo testing to e!clude the "resence of a mass*

Genetic Counselingndividuals who are identi.ed as at risk can be o/ered counseling on thegenetics of hereditary cancer, genetic testing o"tions and risk reduction*

ndications for a colonuterine cancer genetics evaluation include:• ndividuals who have two close relatives with colon andor uterine

cancer at any age*

• ndividuals who have been diagnosed with "oly"osis # 1 )0 "oly"sfound in the colon' or close relatives of an individual diagnosed with"oly"osis*

• ndividuals who have had colon or uterine cancer "rior to age 50*

• ndividuals who have had two se"arate colon cancers or both colon anduterine cancer at any age*

8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/screening-and-diagnosis-colorectal-cancer 2/6

Fecal Occult Blood TestA microsco"ic e!amination of feces is checked for blood*

8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/screening-and-diagnosis-colorectal-cancer 3/6

Digital Rectal ExamA "hysical e!amination of the inside of the rectum to feel for lum"s or anyunusual masses*

8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/screening-and-diagnosis-colorectal-cancer 4/6

8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/screening-and-diagnosis-colorectal-cancer 5/6

SigmoidoscopyAn e!amination of the rectum and lower colon with a lighted .ber-o"tic tubeinserted through the anus* n addition to looking for "oly"s, abnormal areasor cancer, the sigmoidosco"e can often take sam"les of sus"icious areas forbio"sy*

ColonoscopyAn e!amination of the rectum and entire colon with a e!ible lighted .ber-o"tic tube inserted through the anus* (he colonosco"e3s is long enough toe!amine the entire colon* 4ike a sigmoidosco"e, a colonosco"e can take

8/18/2019 Screening and Diagnosis - Colorectal Cancer

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/screening-and-diagnosis-colorectal-cancer 6/6

sam"les of sus"icious areas for bio"sy in addition to looking for "oly"s,abnormal areas or cancer* A bio"sy is reuired to diagnose colorectal cancer*