secession and war. causes of the civil war uncle tom’s cabin differences between the n and s...
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Secession and War
Causes of the Civil War
• Uncle Tom’s Cabin• Differences between the N and S• Compromise of 1850• Fugitive Slave Act• Kansas-Nebraska Act• Bleeding Kansas
Causes of the Civil War
• Dred Scott Decision• Lincoln-Douglas Debates• Charles Sumner• Formation of the Republican Party• The Election of 1860
The Election of 1860
• Stephen Douglas—Northern Democrats
• John C. Breckinridge—Southern Democrats
• Abraham Lincoln—Republicans• John Bell—Constitutional Union
Party (moderates from N and S—no position on slavery)
Election of 1860
• Lincoln—180 out of 303 electoral votes– Majority– 40% Popular vote
• Douglas—29%• Breckinridge—18%• Bell—13%• Vote purely along sectional lines
The South Secedes
• Lincoln wins• South mistrusts the party and Lincoln• 12/20/1860, South Carolina secedes • By Feb. 1861—Texas, Louisiana,
Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia join
• Confederate States of America formed
North vs. South
Abraham Lincoln
President Jefferson Davis
Ulysses S. Grant, William T. Sherman
General(s) Robert E. Lee
23 states, 22 million
Population
11 states, 9 million
Washington D.C.
Capital Richmond, VA.
Advantages North South • Established Govt. • Lincoln• Large Population• Military Power• Industrial Power• Greater Wealth• ¾ more railroads• 2/3 more farm
acreage • Controlled Shipping
• Outstanding Generals• Strong Military
Tradition• Strong Motivation• “Home Field”
Advantage• Skilled with guns and
horses• Cotton can be
exchanged for weapons and manufactured goods
Disadvantages North South• Weak Motivation• Non aggressive
officers• Far from home—poor
communication/long supply line
• 3,500 mile enemy coastline
• Vast land—difficult to hold territory
• European aid to Confederacy
• Jefferson Davis• Inflation—printed
money loses its value• Inferior numbers
– Men– Money– Machinery
• State sovereignty required to yield to national sovereignty to conduct the war