section 1 ict industry trends 1. economic size of the ict ... · 1. economic size of the ict...

1. Economic size of the ICT industry(1) Market size (domestic production ) ⃝ ICT industry market accounted for about 8.7 percent of all industries,

making it the largest industryThe ICT industry’s market size in 2014 was 84.1 tril-

lion yen (based on nominal domestic production ), ac-counting for 8.7 percent of all industries and making it the largest industry in the country (Figure 5-1-1-1). Looking at the industry’s performance over time finds that its production value cooled off for several years af-ter 2000 in response to the collapse of the IT bubble. The industry entered positive growth territory again starting in 2005, but its production value plummeted between 2008 and 2009 due to the global economic crisis. ICT’s

production value continued to slide even after 2010 until signs of recovery finally started to appear in the years between 2012 and 2014 (Figure 5-1-1-2).

Looking at the transitions in market size (based on real domestic production ) of the main industries in con-stant 2005 values reveals that the ICT industry recov-ered from the 2008 – 2009 global financial crisis to 98.3 trillion yen in 2010 but remained flat thereafter. The ICT industry’s market size (based on real domestic produc-tion ) in 2014 contracted by just 0.1 percent from the previous year to 98.3 trillion yen. The industry’s average annual growth rate from 1995 to 2014 was 2.3 percent (Figure 5-1-1-2).

Section 1　ICT Industry Trends

Figure 5-1-1-1 Market sizes of major industries (based on nominal domestic production ) (breakdown) (2014)

(Source) “Study on Economic Analysis of ICT,” MIC (2016)

Electrical equipment (excluding ICT devices)29.6 trillion yen, 3.1%

Transport equipment51.5 trillion yen, 5.3%

Construction (excluding construction of telecom facilities)60.3 trillion yen, 6.3%

Wholesale57.0 trillion yen, 5.9%

Retail37.0 trillion yen, 3.8%

Transport43.7 trillion yen, 4.5%

Iron and steel29.8 trillion yen, 3.1%

Nominal market size of all industries

(2014)964.2 trillion yen

ICT industry84.1 trillion yen, 8.7%

Other industries571.1 trillion yen,

59.2%

Figure 5-1-1-2 Trends in market sizes of major industries (based on nominal domestic production and real domestic production )


78,182

84,124

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14

(in billions of yen)

Iron and steel Electrical equipment (excluding ICT devices) Transport equipmentConstruction (excluding construction of telecom facilities) Wholesale Retail Transport

63,260

98,308

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14

(in billions of yen, 2005 values)

Nominal domestic production Real domestic production

ICT industry

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Chapter 5Basic Data on the ICT Field

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(2) Gross domestic product (GDP)⃝ The real GDP of the ICT industry in 2014 accounted for 10.8 percent of

all industriesThe nominal GDP of the ICT industry rose slightly in

2014 by 0.4 percent year-on-year to 37.1 trillion yen. Con-versely, the real GDP of the ICT industry in constant 2005 values slipped 0.8 percent year-on-year in 2014 to 51.1 trillion yen. The nominal GDP has trended down-ward since the 2009 financial crisis, but the real GDP has been on a general upward direction (Figure 5-1-1-3).

Looking at the size of nominal GDP of the main indus-tries finds that the ICT industry’s nominal GDP accounts for 7.9 percent of the combined nominal GDPs of all in-dustries and is the second largest after the wholesale industry. The growth rate of the ICT industry in terms of nominal GDP rebounded to plus 0.4 percent over 2013 and 2014. Examining the real GDPs of the main indus-

tries finds that the ICT industry’s real GDP accounts for 10.8 percent of all industries, making it the largest of all major industries (Figure 5-1-1-4).

(3) Employment⃝�ICT industry employment totaled 4.124 million in 2014 accounting for

7.2 percent of total employment in all industriesThe ICT industry employed 4.124 million people in

2014 (up 1.1 percent from the previous year), accounting for 7.2 percent of total employment in all industries. Em-ployment declined by 7.4 percent from 2013 in the ICT-related construction sector, by 2.8 percent in the ICT-related manufacturing sector, and by 1.3 percent in the Internet-related services sector. But employment in the communications sector and the video, audio, and text information production sector increased, by 5.5 percent and 1.7 percent respectively (Figure 5-1-1-5).

Figure 5-1-1-3 Transitions in the nominal GDP and real GDP of major industries6


Nominal GDP Real GDP

37,50237,502 37,14337,143

05,000

10,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,00040,00045,00050,000

95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14

(in billions of yen)

27,41027,410

51,13251,132

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14

(in billions of yen, 2005 values)

Iron and steel Electrical equipment (excluding ICT devices) Transport equipmentConstruction (excluding construction of telecom facilities) Wholesale Retail TransportICT industry

Figure 5-1-1-4 Nominal GDP and real GDP of major industries


Nominal GDP of all industries

468.2 trillion yen

Electrical equipment (excluding ICT devices)4.8 trillion yen, 1.0%Transport equipment 9.5 trillion yen, 2.0%Construction(excluding constructionof telecom facilities)27.4 trillion yen, 5.9%Wholesale38.2 trillion yen, 8.2%Retail23.4 trillion yen, 5.0%Transport22.9 trillion yen, 4.9%Iron and steel5.9 trillion yen, 1.3%

Electrical equipment (excluding ICT devices)10.0 trillion yen, 2.1%Transport equipment10.7 trillion yen, 2.2%Construction(excluding constructionof telecom facilities)25.7 trillion yen, 5.4%Wholesale33.5 trillion yen, 7.0%Retail23.1 trillion yen, 4.9%Transport24.1 trillion yen, 5.1%Iron and steel5.6 trillion yen, 1.2%

Real GDP of all industries

475.3 trillion yen

Nominal GDP Real GDP



Other industries289.9 trillion yen, 63.8%

Other industries291.6 trillion yen, 61.3%

6 See Data 3 and Data 4 at the end for details about these figures.

Figure 5-1-1-5 Transitions in ICT industry employment


3,603 3,6703,902 3,953 3,979 4,042 3,966

3,719 3,632 3,609 3,623 3,719 3,734 3,825 3,884 3,828 3,898 3,964 4,078 4,124

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Communications Broadcasting Information services Internet-related servicesVideo, audio and text information production ICT-related manufacturingICT-related services ICT-related construction Research

[10s of thousands of jobs]

（translation not needed）

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2. ICT industry contributions to the national economy(1) ICT industry’s economic spillover effects⃝ The ICT industry contributes the largest economic spillover effects of

all industries in terms of added value and employment inducementsThe ICT industry’s real domestic production in 2014

was 98.3 trillion yen. The industry’s economic spillover effects,7 estimated to be 88.3 trillion yen in added value and 7.843 million jobs, were the largest of all Japan’s in-dustries. By comparison, in 1995 the ICT industry’s real domestic production value was 63.3 trillion yen, which contributed 57.0 trillion yen in added value and 6.536

million jobs. Because technological innovation has a large impact on the ICT industry, the industry is be-lieved to be a stronger driver of added value than em-ployment (Figure 5-1-2-1).

From the mid-1990s on, the added value and employ-ment induced from primary industries, such as iron and steel and electrical equipment, have been flat. In con-trast, contributions from the ICT industry (particularly in added value) soared until 2010 and have been main-tained at a high level ever since.

3. Research and development in the ICT field(1) Research and development spending⃝ The ICT industry8 spent 4.0493 trillion yen on research in FY 2014,

accounting for 29.8 percent of all corporate research spendingAccording to the “2015 Research Investigation Report

on Science and Technology”, Japan’s total scientific and technological research spending (i.e., research spend-ing) in FY 2014 stood at 18.9713 trillion yen (the com-bined research spending by enterprises, nonprofit orga-nizations, public agencies, universities, etc.).

Corporate research spending, which accounts for about 70 percent of all research spending, was 13.5864 trillion yen. Of this amount, 4.0493 trillion yen (29.8 per-cent) was spent on research by the ICT industry. The ICT equipment and appliance manufacturing segment was largest research spender in the ICT industry (Fig-ure 5-1-3-1).

(2) Technology trading⃝ The ICT industry posted a surplus in technology exports9 in FY 2014

The value received from Japan’s technology exports in FY 2014 totaled 3.6603 trillion yen, to which the ICT industry contributed 480.8 billion yen, or 13.1 percent. On the other side of technology trades, the costs of tech-nology imports was 513.0 billion yen, of which the ICT industry paid out 256.7 billion yen, or 50.0 percent. Both Japan and the ICT industry posted export surpluses in technology.

The ICT equipment and appliance manufacturing seg-ment accounted for the largest share of the ICT indus-try’s technology imports and exports (Figure 5-1-3-2).

Figure 5-1-2-1 Transitions in economic spillover effects (induced added value and jobs) from major industries’ production ac-tivities


Induced added value Induced jobs

653.6 769.3 730.3

765.5765.5 767.2767.2 763.3763.3 771.9771.9 784.3784.3

0100200300400500600700800900

1,000

1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

57.0

75.975.983.783.7

89.489.4 87.987.9 87.187.1 88.888.8 88.388.3

0102030405060708090

100

1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014ICT industry total Iron and steel Transport equipment

Wholesale Retail Transport

（in trillions of yen）（In 10s of thousands of jobs）

Construction (excluding construction of telecom facilities)Electrical equipment (excluding ICT devices)

7 There are two methods of calculating economic spillover effects: (1) calculating the economic spillover effects for all Japan’s industries brought about by each industry sector’s final demand, focusing on the goods and services that constitute the industry sector’s final demand and (2) calculating the economic spillover effects for all Japan’s industries brought about by each industry sector’s production activities (total of final demand and intermediate demand), focusing on the industry sector itself. The latter method was used here.

8 ICT industry here refers to the ICT equipment and appliance manufacturing industry, the electrical equipment and appliance manufacturing industry, the electronic component, device, and circuitry manufacturing industry, and the information and communications industry (including the information services, telecommunications, broadcasting, Internet-related services, and other ICT sectors).

9 The value of technology trade is the equivalent value received from the provision (export) of patents, knowledge, technical direction, and other forms of technology transfers to other countries or the equivalent value paid to receive (import) the same forms of technology transfers from other countries.

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(3) Number of researchers⃝ The ICT industry employed 182,730 researchers, or 36.1 percent of all

corporate researchers in JapanThere were 866,900 researchers in Japan on March

31, 2015 (the total of all researchers at enterprises, non-profit organizations, public agencies, universities, etc.). Enterprises employed 506,134 researchers, or about 60 percent of the total. The ICT industry employed 182,730 researchers, or 36.1 percent of all corporate researchers in Japan. The ICT equipment and appliance manufactur-ing segment had the most researchers of any ICT indus-try sector (Figure 5-1-3-3).

Figure 5-1-3-1 Breakdown of corporate research spending by industry (FY 2014)

(Source) Prepared from the “2015 Research Investigation Report on Science and Technology,” MIC

(Corporate research spending: 13.5864 trillion yen)

Total for other industries1.1428 trillion yen, 8.4%Total for other industries1.1428 trillion yen, 8.4%

Total for other manufacturing industries8.3943 trillion yen, 61.8%

Total for other manufacturing industries8.3943 trillion yen, 61.8%

ICT equipment and appliance manufacturing1.6238 trillion yen, 12.0%

ICT equipment and appliance manufacturing1.6238 trillion yen, 12.0%Electrical equipment andappliance manufacturing1.1189 trillion yen, 8.2%Electronic component,device, and circuitrymanufacturing618.1 billion yen, 4.5%

Broadcasting 500 million yen,less than 0.1%

Internet-related and other ICT services6.8 billion yen, 0.1%

Information services 301.2 billion yen, 2.2%

Telecommunications 379.9 billion yen, 2.8%

Figure 5-1-3-2 Technology trading by industry (FY 2014)


Total for other industries77.9 billion yen, 2.1%

ICT equipment and appliance manufacturing290.4 billion yen, 7.9%

Total for other manufacturing industries

3.1016 trillion yen, 84.7%


3.1016 trillion yen, 84.7%

Electrical equipment and appliance manufacturing139.4 billion yen, 3.8%Electronic component, device, and circuitry manufacturing25.1 billion yen, 0.7%Information and communications25.8 billion yen, 0.7%

Total for other industries76.8 billion yen, 15.0%Total for other industries76.8 billion yen, 15.0%

Total for other manufacturing industries179.6 billion yen, 35.0%

ICT equipment and appliance manufacturing144.2 billion yen, 28.1%

ICT equipment and appliance manufacturing144.2 billion yen, 28.1% Electrical equipment

and appliance manufacturing39.1 billion yen, 7.6%

Electronic component, device, and circuitry manufacturing9.9 billion yen, 1.9%

Information and communications63.5 billion yen, 12.4%

Information and communications63.5 billion yen, 12.4%

Value of technology imports (all industries: 513.0 billion yen)

Value of technology exports (all industries: 3.6603 trillion yen)

Figure 5-1-3-3 Corporate researchers by industry (as of March 31, 2015)


Corporate researchers in all industries: 506,134Total for other industries34,245 6.8%


289,159 57.1%

ICT equipment and appliancemanufacturing87,791 17.3%

Electrical equipment and appliance manufacturing39,611 7.8%

Electronic component, device,and circuitry manufacturing26,514 5.2%

Information services23,261 4.6%

Broadcasting 29, less than 0.1%Internet-related andother ICT services289,159 57.1%

Communications 5,133 1.0%

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4. State of ICT enterprise operationsThe Basic Survey on the Information and Communi-

cations Industry is a general statistical survey (started in 2010) that MIC and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry jointly conduct under the Statistics Act (Law No. 53 of 2007) to clarify the operations of enter-prises belonging to the ICT industry — a Large Catego-ry G in the Japan Standard Industry Classification — and to obtain basic data for ICT industry policies. The following sections provide an overview of the 2015 sur-vey that pertains to ICT enterprises.

(1) Summary of enterprises engaging in ICT business operations (activity-base results)

a. General summary of the survey results⃝ 5,639 enterprises were engaged in ICT business operations with sales

in excess of 46 trillion yenSales attributed to ICT business operations in FY 2014

totaled 46.5275 trillion yen (total sales by the enterprises were 74.0824 trillion yen). By sector, the telecommuni-cations sector accounted for 36.6 percent of all sales (up 0.2 percentage points from the previous year), the soft-ware sector 32.0 percent (up 0.5 points), and the infor-

mation processing services sector 11.2 percent (up 0.4 points) (Figure 5-1-4-1).

The number of enterprises engaging in ICT business operations (irrespective of whether ICT business opera-tions are the enterprise’s mainstay operations) stood at 5,519. Operating profits were 5.4997 trillion yen, ordi-nary income was 5.7321 trillion yen, and the enterprises held 9,510 subsidiaries and associated companies.

b. Breakdown of sales⃝ Enterprises capitalized at less than 100 million yen accounted for

more than 50 percent of all enterprises in eight of the 12 ICT industry sectorsA breakdown of ICT industry enterprises by capital

size discovers that enterprises capitalized at less than 100 million yen accounted for more than 50 percent of all enterprises in 8 of the 12 ICT industry sectors. Of par-ticular note is the video information production and dis-tribution sector and the audio information production sector, where enterprises capitalized at less than 50 mil-lion yen accounted for more than 40 percent of all enter-prises in the respective sectors (Figure 5-1-4-2).

Figure 5-1-4-1 ICT industry sales

(Note) “Miscellaneous communication service providers” refers to enterprises that selected “other” as the primary business in the breakdown of sales attributable to ICT business operations.

(Source) “2015 Basic Survey on the Information and Communications Industry,” MIC / METI

Telecommunication service operators(371) 170,07336.6%

Telecommunication service operators(371) 170,07336.6%

Software service providers(2,889) 148,677 32%Software service providers(2,889) 148,677 32%

Information processing service providers(1,738) 52,291 11.2%

FY 2014 sales in the ICT industry

46.5275 trillion yen

Internet-related serviceproviders (705) 25,980 5.6%

Private broadcasters(371) 20,245 4.4%

Miscellaneous communication service providers 2,598 0.6%

Service providers related to video, audio,or text information(167) 1,331 0.3%

Audio program producers(127) 1,836 0.4%

Advertising agencies(181) 3,128 0.7%

Cable broadcasting service providers (213) 5,078 1.1%

Film makers and distributors(466) 8,404 1.8%

Publication companies (368) 10,938 2.4%

Newspaper companies (132)14,769 3.2%

Figures in parentheses are the number of companiesUnit: 100s of millions of yen

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5. Telecommunication market trends(1) Market size⃝ Mobile communications accounted for about 60 percent of sales in the

telecommunications sector, while, by service category, the data transmission services’ share has been rising year by yearSales in the telecommunications sector in FY 2014

were 13.6904 trillion yen (an increase of 0.4 percent from the previous year) (Figure 5-1-5-1). Fixed-line communi-cations accounted for 32.9 percent of all sales in FY 2013, and mobile communications (mobile phones and PHS

handsets) for 55.8 percent (Figure 5-1-5-2). Looking at sales by service category finds voice transmission ser-vices accounted for 30.5 percent and data transmission services for 49.5 percent (Figure 5-1-5-3). The average revenue per user (ARPU) among the main mobile com-munication service providers was 4,170 yen for NTT Do-como, 6,130 yen for KDDI, and 4,700 yen for SoftBank (Figure 5-1-5-4).

Figure 5-1-4-2 Breakdown of ICT industry enterprises by capital size

(Source) “2015 Basic Survey on the Information and Communications Industry,” MIC / METI

28.4

16.2

23.7

14.6

29.1

26.4

16.2

45.7

44.9

31.1

30.2

35.9

30.5

56.0

30.9

15.4

16.2

9.9

35.3

33.3

28.5

22.7

27.6

28.0

36.7

38.1

36.5

20.6

28.7

41.0

38.0

43.2

26.5

29.3

34.8

22.3

19.7

34.1

24.7

21.0

26.9

16.3

3.3

4.9

5.9

5.6

2.7

3.5

6.1

1.3

1.6

3.0

2.2

2.2

1.2

1.8

7.2

17.3

15.1

23.9

5.1

6.3

12.3

7.3

5.5

3.8

6.0

2.2

4.2

5.1

1.5

5.4

1.1

2.8

1.3

1.3

2.1

0.6

0.8

0.3

0.6

0.6

0.3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100（％）

Less than50 million yen

50 million yen to lessthan 100 million yen

100 million yen to lessthan 500 million yen

500 million yen to lessthan one billion yen

One billion yen to lessthan 10 billion yen

10 billion yen or more

All responses（5,519）Telecommunication

service operators（371）Private broadcasters（371）

Cable broadcasting service providers（213）

Software service providers（2,889）Information processing

service providers (1,738）Internet-related service providers（705）

Film makers and distributors（466）

Audio program producers（127）

Newspaper companies（132）

Publication companies（368）

Advertising agencies（181）Service providers related to video,

audio, or text information（167）TV / radio program producers

(included in other results)（393）

Figure 5-1-5-1 Transitions in telecommunications sector sales

(Note) Comparisons must be made with caution, as sales represent the simple sum of figures from all responding carriers and the number of responding carriers differs from year to year.

Prepared from “2015 Basic Survey on the Information and Communications Industry,” MIC / METI

133,682 132,713 129,551 136,384 136,904

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(fiscal year)

[in 100s of millions of yen]

Figure 5-1-5-2 Telecom carriers’ sales breakdown by fixed-line communications and mobile communications


38.4

34.6

32.9

51.3

56.4

55.8

10.3

9.0

11.3

0 20 40 60 80 100（％）

2011

2012

2013(fiscal year)

Fixed-line communications

Mobile communications

Other

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6. Broadcasting market trends(1) Size of the broadcasting marketa. Broadcaster sales⃝ Broadcaster sales totaled 3.8759 trillion yen in FY 2014; the share of

sales by terrestrial-based broadcasters has continued to expanded in recent yearsJapanese broadcasters are divided into two catego-

ries: Japan Broadcasting Corp., a public broadcaster known as NHK, which depends on reception fee reve-nues, and private broadcasters that depend on advertise-ments or paid programming. Apart from these catego-ries, the Open University of Japan provides broadcasting services for educational purposes.

The entire broadcasting sector’s sales, including rev-enues from broadcasting and non-broadcasting opera-tions, decreased in FY 2014 (by 1.4 percent) from the

previous year to 3.8795 trillion yen. By category, terres-trial-based private broadcasters’ sales were 2.3375 tril-lion yen (up 0.7 percent from the previous year), satel-lite-based private broadcasters’ sales were 366.1 billion yen (down 18.5 percent), cable TV broadcasters’ sales were 497.5 billion yen (down 1.1 percent), and NHK’s ordinary operating income was 674.8 billion yen (up 2.7 percent).

In terms of market share, terrestrial-based private broadcasters accounted for 73.0 percent (up 2.1 percent-age points from the previous year) of private broadcast-ers’ sales. The market share of terrestrial-based broad-casters continued to grow from the previous year (Figure 5-1-6-1).

Figure 5-1-5-3 Transitions in sales by service category


45.8

43.3

37.6

30.5

41.5

46.0

46.8

49.5

3.9

4.0

3.3

2.7

8.8

6.7

12.3

17.3

0 20 40 60 80 100（％）

2010

2011

2012

2013

Voice transmission services

Data transmission services

Leased services

Others

(fiscal year)

Figure 5-1-5-4 Transitions in mobile ARPU in the past five years for three domestic mobile operators

(Notes) Each company’s ARPU is calculated and released based on the respective company’s criteria. The figures were not calculated using the same method.Due to rounding, the total of individual ARPU figures may not equal the total ARPU figures.NTT Docomo includes Smart ARPU, KDDI includes value added ARPU, and SoftBank includes service ARPU.The ARPU figures for KDDI after FY 2012 were taken from au Communications ARPU under the personal segment. Applied discount amounts were subtracted from the voice ARPU.SoftBank ARPU figures included communication modules until FY 2011.SoftBank Mobile took over SoftBank BB, SoftBank Telecom, and Y!Mobile on April 1, 2015 (name changed to SoftBank on July 1, 2015).The FY 2015 ARPU figures for NTT Docomo and KDDI were monthly sales per user.

Prepared from financial statements from each company

2,2001,730

1,370 1,180 1,2102,020

1,330940 780

1,650 1,520 1,520

2,670

2,6902,640

2,6002,960

2,490

2,8503,210 3,450

2,510 2,770 2,9305,690

4,150

420490 590

250 290 320

440

540

4,870 4,840

4,500 4,3704,170

4,510 4,430 4,490 4,550

6,130

4,150 4,290 4,4504,230

4,700

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

NTT Docomo KDDI （au） SoftBank

[yen per month]

FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013 FY 2014 FY 2015

Voice ARPU Data ARPU Voice ARPU + Data ARPU Other ARPU

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7. Content market trends(1) Size of Japan’s content market⃝ The Japanese content market was valued at 11.4722 trillion yen, over 50

percent of which was attributable to video content, about 40 percent to text-based content, and less than 10 percent to audio-based contentThe Japanese content market was valued at 11.4722

trillion yen in 2014. By content segment, video content accounted for over 50 percent of the market, text-based content, about 40 percent, and audio-based content, un-der 10 percent.10

The primary components of the video content seg-ment, worth 6.2426 trillion yen (54.4 percent of the en-tire market), were terrestrial TV programs, worth 2.8056

trillion yen, game software, 1.2211 trillion yen, satellite and cable TV broadcast programs, 905.2 billion yen, movies, 675.3 billion yen, videos, 421.6 billion yen, and original Internet videos, 213.8 billion yen. The primary components of the audio-based content segment, worth 750.3 billion yen (6.5 percent of the entire market), were music, worth 538.6 billion yen, and radio programs, 202.9 billion yen. And the primary components of the text-based content segment, worth 4.4794 trillion yen (39.0 percent of the entire market), were newspaper ar-ticles, worth 1.6598 trillion yen, magazines,11 1.0931 tril-lion yen, books, 788.1 billion yen, comics, 495.5 billion

Fiscal year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Private broadcasters

Terrestrial-based broadcasters 24,863 25,229 26,153 26,138 26,091 25,847 24,493 22,574 22,655 22,502 22,870 23,216 23,375

Communitybroadcastersincluded in total above*4

139 141 140 140 144 148 150 123 116 120 115 124 127

S ate l l i te -based broadcasters*1 2,769 2,995 3,158 3,414 3,525 3,737 3,905 3,887 4,185 4,490 4,510 4,491 3,661

Cable TV broad-casters*2 3,076 3,330 3,533 3,850 4,050 4,746 4,667 5,134 5,437 5,177 4,931 5,030 4,975

NHK*3 6,750 6,803 6,855 6,749 6,756 6,848 6,624 6,659 6,812 6,946 6,604 6,570 6,748

Total 37,458 38,356 39,698 40,152 40,422 41,178 39,689 38,254 39,089 39,115 38,915 39,307 38,759

(Note 1) Figures for satellite-based broadcasters represent operating revenues from satellite-based broadcasting services.(Note 2) Cable TV broadcasters until FY 2010 were business enterprises providing independent broadcasting services with facilities licensed under the

former licensing scheme (under the former Act on Cable Television Broadcasting. Note that facilities registered under the former Act on Broad-cast on Telecommunications Services included those that use the same broadcasting method as facilities licensed under the former licensing scheme). From FY 2011 on, cable TV broadcasters were registered business enterprises with wired telecommunication facilities providing in-dependent broadcasting services. (Both exclude business operators using IP multicasts.)

(Note 3) Figures for NHK represent ordinary operating income.(Note 4) Community broadcasting operators that also provide cable TV broadcasting services are excluded.

Prepared from MIC materials and the “NHK Yearbook” for each fiscal year

Figure 5-1-6-1 Transitions in and breakdown of the broadcasting sector market size (total sales)

Terrestrial-basedbroadcasters

Cable TV broadcasters*2Satellite-basedbroadcasters*1

37,45838,356 39,698 40,152 40,422 41,178

39,689 38,254 39,089 39,115 38,915 39,307 38,759

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014（FY）

[100s of millions of yen]

NHK*3

10 The market size was measured and analyzed by assessing the primary nature of the content works and recalculating the value at each distribu-tion level, such as primary distribution or multiuse. The value of content was not calculated by media channel.

11 The magazine category includes free newspapers.

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yen, database information, 247.4 billion yen, and original Internet text-based content,12 195.4 billion yen (Figure 5-1-7-1).

The overall size of the content market in 2014 has re-mained essentially unchanged since 2009 on. The size of each content segment as well stayed flat between 2009 and 2012, after which the video content segment ex-panded while the text-based content segment contracted (Figure 5-1-7-2).

(2) Trends in the online content market⃝ The market for online content, which is downloaded or streamed via

the Internet to computers or mobile phones, grew to 2.7385 trillion yen, accounting for 23.9 percent of the entire content marketAs part of the overall content market, the market for

online content, which is downloaded or streamed via the Internet to computers or mobile phones, reached 2.7385 trillion yen. By content segment, the video content seg-ment accounted for 58.8 percent of the online content market, the text-based content segment, 30.1 percent,

and the audio-based content segment, 11.1 percent.The video content segment of the 2014 online content

market was worth 1.6106 trillion yen, which consisted of 921.0 billion yen for game software, 213.8 billion yen for original Internet videos, 200.7 billion yen for videos, 141.6 billion yen for movies, 72.1 billion yen for terres-trial TV programs, and 61.3 billion yen for satellite and cable TV broadcast programs. Music accounted for 286.4 billion yen of the 303.9 billion yen audio-based on-line content market. The 823.9 billion yen text-based on-line content market consisted of 195.4 billion yen for original Internet text-based content, 187.5 billion yen for database information, 154.0 billion yen for books, and 154.6 billion yen for newspaper articles (Figure 5-1-7-3).

The online content market has been growing steadily since 2010. Looking at the market by content segment shows that the video content segment (which more than doubled from 2010 to 2014), and in particular the hot game software portion, has been driving the online con-tent’s market expansion (Figure 5-1-7-4).

12 Original Internet text-based content includes blogs, social media, email newsletters, and similar text-based content.

Figure 5-1-7-1 Breakdown of Japan’s content market (2014)

(Source) “Survey on the Production and Distribution of Media Content,” Institute for Information and Communications Policy, MIC

Text-based contentsegment4.4794 trillion yen39.0%

Comics495.5 billion yen, 4.3%

Newspaper articles1.6598 trillion yen, 14.5%

Audio-base contentsegment750.3 billion yen, 6.5%

Original Internet audio-based content8.8 billion yen, 0.1%

Radio programs202.9 billion yen, 1.8% Music

538.6 billion yen, 4.7%

Original Internet videos213.8 billion yen, 1.9% Game software

1.2211 trillion yen,8.3%

Satellite and cable TVbroadcast programs905.2 billion yen, 7.9%

Satellite and cable TVbroadcast programs905.2 billion yen, 7.9%

Total contentmarket 11.4722

trillion yenVideo contentsegment6.2426 trillion yen,54.4%

Terrestrial TV programs2.8056 trillion yen,24.5%

Terrestrial TV programs2.8056 trillion yen,24.5%

Videos421.6 billion yen, 3.7%

Movies675.3 billion yen, 5.9%

Original Internet other content195.4 billion yen, 1.7%

Database information247.4 billion yen, 2.2%Books788.1 billion yen, 6.9%

Magazines1.0931 trillion yen, 9.5%

Figure 5-1-7-2 Transitions in Japan’s content market size (by content segment)


5.6 5.6 5.6 6.0 6.2

0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

4.8 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.5

11.3 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Video content

Audio-based content

Text-based content

[trillions of yen]

58

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⃝�The 2015 mobile content industry’s market increased 13.3 percent from the previous year to 4.4228 trillion yenThe Japanese mobile content industry’s market,13

which is made up of the mobile content market14 and the mobile commerce market, continued to expand in 2015, reaching 4.4228 trillion yen (a 13.3 percent increase year-on-year), due to the growth and proliferation of smartphones and tablets. By individual segments, the mobile content market reached 1.5632 trillion yen (up 7.3 percent) and the mobile commerce market reached 2.8596 trillion yen (up 16.8 percent) (Figure 5-1-7-5).

(3) Trends in the broadcast content market⃝ Export value of Japanese broadcast content was 18.25 billion yen in

FY 2014The export value of Japanese broadcast content in FY

2014 was 18.25 billion yen. Note that from FY 2010 on-

ward, Internet distribution rights, video and DVD rights, format and restaging rights, merchandising rights, and similar rights, in addition to program broadcast rights, have been included in the export value of broadcast con-tent (Figure 5-1-7-6). The traditional method of export-ing broadcast content had been to sell the program broadcast rights. But today, methods have diversified, so that revenue streams other than program broadcast rights account for more than half of all revenue.⃝�Cartoons and animations account for over 60 percent of export value

by program category, followed by dramatic programs and variety shows, and Asia accounts for about 60 percent of exports, followed by North America and EuropeLooking at the broadcast content export value by pro-

gram category finds cartoons and animations account for 64.3 percent of total, dramatic programs, 17.0 per-cent, and variety shows, 11.4 percent, followed by docu-

13 The mobile content market refers to the market for digital content provided over the mobile Internet (including ringtones, music streaming, videos, games, and fortune-telling). The mobile commerce market refers to the sales of physical goods (mail-order sales, etc.), sales of ser-vices (ticket sales), and transaction fees (including stock brokerage commissions, auction fees, and other payments) conducted over the mo-bile Internet.

14 In 2010, the scope of the mobile content market was expanded to encompass the open platform market (such as smartphones).

Figure 5-1-7-4 Transitions in the online content market size (by content segment)


0.7 0.8 0.91.3

1.60.4 0.4 0.4

0.30.3

0.7 0.70.8

0.7

0.8

1.7 1.82.1

2.3

2.7

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Video content

Audio-based content

Text-based content

[in trillions of yen]

Figure 5-1-7-3 Breakdown of the online content market (2014)


Text-based contentsegment823.9 billion yen,30.1％

Database information187.5 billion yen, 68％

Original Internet other content 195.4 billion yen, 7.1%

Other audio-based content17.5 billion yen, 0.6%

Audio-base contentsegment303.9 billion yen, 11.1％

Terrestrial TV programs72.1 billion yen, 2.6%

Satellite and cable TV broadcast programs61.3 billion yen, 2.2%

Music286.4 billion yen, 105％

Movies141.6 billion yen, 5.2%

Videos200.7 billion yen, 7.3%

Original Internet videos213.8 billion yen, 7.8%Original Internet videos213.8 billion yen, 7.8%

Video contentsegment1.6106 trillion yen,58.8%

Game software921 billion yen,33.6%

Game software921 billion yen,33.6%

Other text-based content132.4 billion yen, 4.8%

Newspaper articles154.6 billion yen,5.6%

Books154 billion yen, 5.6%

Total digitalcontent market

2.7385 trillion yen

59

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mentaries and sports programs (Figure 5-1-7-7). The largest export market for broadcast content was Asia, at 58.5 percent of the total, followed by North America at

24.2 percent, Europe at 13.3 percent, and South and Cen-tral America. Diverse export destinations for Japanese broadcast content are developing, particularly in Asia.

Figure 5-1-7-5 Mobile content industry market size

(Source) “Study Report on Technical Factors and Systems Pertaining to Open Platforms Promoting Mobile Content Business,” MIC

5,525 6,465 7,345 8,510 10,783 14,566 15,6329,681 10,085 11,71614,997

19,359

24,48028,596

15,206 16,55019,061

23,507

30,142

39,04644,228

05,000

10,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,00040,00045,00050,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

[in 100s of million of yen]

Mobile content market Mobile commerce market

Figure 5-1-7-6 Export value of Japanese broadcast content

(Notes) Export value of broadcast content: total export value of program broadcast rights, Internet distribution rights, video and DVD rights, format and restaging rights, merchandising rights, and similar rights.From FY 2010 onward, the export value from other revenue streams has been included along with program broadcast rights in the export value of broadcast content. Figures prior to FY 2010 are the export value for program broadcast rights only.

(Source) “Survey on the State of Overseas Expansion of Broadcast Content (FY 2014),” Institute for Information and Communications Policy, MIC

88.9 91.8 92.575.0

66.3 71.6

104.3

137.8

182.5

020406080

100120140160180200

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014（FY）

[in 100s of million of yen]

Figure 5-1-7-7 Export value of Japanese broadcast content by program category

(Source) “Survey on the State of Overseas Expansion of Broadcast Content (FY 2014),” Institute for Information and Communications Policy, MIC

Export value of broadcast content(by program category)

Export value of program broadcast rights(by program category)

Other 4.7％Other 4.7％Sports 0.9％

Documentaries 1.7％

Varietyshows11.4％

Varietyshows11.4％

Dramaticprograms

17.0％

Dramaticprograms

17.0％

18.25billion yen Cartoons

andanimations64.3％

Cartoonsandanimations64.3％

Documentaries 3.4％

Sports 1.6％

Other8.8％Other8.8％

Varietyshows13.6％

Varietyshows13.6％

Dramaticprograms

18.2％

Dramaticprograms

18.2％

8.62billion yen



60

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1. Internet usage trends(1) State of Internet proliferationa. State of major ICT device proliferation (households)⃝ ICT device proliferation has matured overall, but smartphone

ownership has increased year by year, now topping 70 percentThe household penetration rate at the end of 2015 was

95.8 percent for mobile phones and PHS handsets15 and 76.8 percent for computers. The penetration rate for smartphones, which are included in the mobile phone and PHS handset category, has shot up to 72.0 percent (up 7.8 percentage points from a year earlier), reducing the ownership gap with computers from 13.7 percentage points to just 4.8 percentage points (Figure 5-2-1-1).

b. State of Internet usage⃝ Both the number of Internet users and the Internet population

penetration rate roseThe number of Internet users16 at the end of 2015 was

100.46 million, an increase of 280,000 (0.3 percent) from the end of 2014. The Internet penetration rate as a per-cent of the general population was 83.0 percent (Figure 5-2-1-2). Those using computers to access the Internet accounted for 56.8 percent of all Internet users, the larg-est portion, followed by 54.3 percent for smartphones and 18.3 percent for tablets (Figure 5-2-1-3).

Section 2　 ICT Service Usage Trends

15 The figures for mobile phones and PHS handsets have included personal digital assistants, or PDAs, since the end of 2009 to the end of 2012 and smartphones since the end of 2010.

16 (1) The survey covers an age range of 6 and up. (2) The estimated number of Internet users is based on the results to a question on whether the respondents, aged 6 or older, had used the Internet in the year covered by the survey. Internet access devices include computers, mobile phones / PHS handsets, smartphones, tablets, game consoles, and all other devices (irrespective of device ownership). The purposes of using the Internet cover all possible purposes including personal, work, and school. (3) The number of Internet users was calculated by multiplying the estimated population aged 6 or older (estimated from Population Census and death table data) by the Internet usage rate obtained in the survey for people aged 6 or older. (4) The Communications Usage Trend Survey does not include the number of ‘no answer’ responses in the calculations (except for Figure 5-2-1-1).

Figure 5-2-1-1 Transitions in household ownership rates for ICT devices

(Source) “Communications Usage Trend Survey,” MIC

Fixed-line telephonesFaxMobile phones and PHS handsetsSmartphonesComputersWearable devicesTabletsHome game consoles with Internetconnectivity

Other appliances (informationappliances) with Internet connectivity

Portable music players withInternet connectivity

90.1 90.7 90.9 91.2 85.8 83.8 79.3 79.2 75.7 75.650.0 55.4 53.5 57.1 43.8 45.0 41.5 46.4 41.8 42.0

9.7 29.3 49.5 62.6 64.2 72.0

14.3 19.1 22.0 27.3 17.0 20.1 21.4 23.8 18.4 17.3

91.3 95.0 95.6 96.3 93.2 94.5 94.5 94.8 94.6 95.8

10.7 15.2 20.8 25.9 23.3 24.5 29.5 38.3 33.0 33.7

3.4 4.3 5.5 7.6 3.5 6.2 12.7 8.8 7.6 8.1

－－－－80.8 85.0 85.9 87.2 83.4 77.4 75.8 81.7 78.0 76.8

7.2 8.5 15.3 21.9 26.3 33.30.5 0.9

－－－－－－－－－

－－－

2006(n=4,999)

2007(n=3,640)

2008(n=4,515)

2009(n=4.547)

2010（n=22,271）

2011（n=16,530）

2012（n=20,418）

2013（n=15,599）

2014（n=16,529）

2015（n=14,765）

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100(%)

Ow

ners

hipr

ates

[%]

61

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c. Purposes of using the Internet⃝�“Sending and receiving emails” was the most common purpose of us-

ing the InternetAmong all age groups, the most common purpose of

using the Internet was “sending and receiving emails.”

Viewing the results by age group finds that more than half of users in all age groups use the Internet for “send-ing and receiving emails,” “map or transportation infor-mation services,” and “accessing weather forecasts” (Figure 5-2-1-4).

(2) Challenges for safe, secure Internet usagea. Matters of concern with Internet usage and problems with ICT

networks⃝ Households are concerned about personal information, and enter-

prises are concerned about securityAmong households with concerns about using the In-

ternet, 80.4 percent cited “personal information will be disclosed or exposed externally without permission” as a concern. This was followed, in order, by “computer vi-

rus infections” (77.9 percent) and “trustworthiness of electronic payments” (47.3 percent) (Figure 5-2-1-5).

Among enterprises, 47.8 percent, the highest re-sponse rate, mentioned “concern about virus infections” as a problem when using the Internet, internal LANs, or other networks. This was followed “difficult to develop security measures” (44.2 percent), indicating height-ened security concerns among enterprises (Figure 5-2-1-6).

Figure 5-2-1-2 Transitions in the number of Internet users and the penetration rate among the general population


Tens of thousands11,00010,0009,0008,0007,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,000

0

(%)100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

No. of Internet users Penetration rate among the general population

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(Year-End)

8,5298,754

8,8119,0919,408

9,4629,610

9,65210,044

10,01810,046

70.8 72.6 73.0 75.3 78.0 78.2 79.1 79.5 82.8 82.8 83.0

Figure 5-2-1-3 Internet usage by device (at the end of 2015)

(Note) Figures indicate the percentage of people who accessed the Internet using the corresponding device during 2015.(Source) “Communications Usage Trend Survey,” MIC

83.0

56.8

54.3

18.3

15.8

7.7

4.5

2015 Year-End （n=33,525）

200 40 60 80 100(%)

Internet usage rate (all devices)

Computers

Smartphones

TabletsMobile phones and

PHS handsets (excluding smartphones)Home game consoles with

Internet connectivityTelevisions with

Internet connectivity

Figure 5-2-1-4 Applications / purposes of using the Internet by age group


Send

ing

and

rece

ivin

g em

ails

Brow

sing

and

post

ing

to w

ebsit

es a

nd b

logs

Crea

ting

and

upda

ting

own

web

sites

and

blo

gs

Usin

g so

cial

med

ia

Usin

g fo

rum

s, bo

ards

, and

cha

t site

s

Usin

g fre

e vo

ice

call

apps

orvo

ice

chat

site

s

Usin

g vi

deo

post

ing

/ sh

arin

g sit

es

Usin

g on

-dem

and

stre

amin

g se

rvic

es fo

r rad

io,

TV p

rogr

ams,

mov

ies,

etc.

Usin

g W

eb p

hoto

alb

ums

Usin

g on

line

gam

es

Parti

cipa

ting

in q

uiz

/ pr

ize c

ompe

titio

ns o

rqu

estio

nnai

res

Map

or t

rans

porta

tion

info

rmat

ion

serv

ices

(fre

e of

cha

rge)

Usin

g w

eath

er fo

reca

sts

(free

of c

harg

e)

Usin

g ne

ws

sites

Usin

g di

ctio

narie

s an

d en

cycl

oped

ias

Exch

angi

ng a

nd d

ownl

oadi

ng e

lect

roni

cfile

s(P

2P, F

TP, e

tc.)

Purc

hasin

g or

trad

ing

good

s an

d se

rvic

es (t

otal

)

Purc

hasin

g or

trad

ing

good

s an

d se

rvic

es (i

nclu

ding

digi

tal c

onte

nt p

urch

ases

and

fina

ncia

l tra

nsac

tions

Fina

ncia

l tra

nsac

tions

(Int

erne

t ban

king

, sec

uriti

estra

ding

, ins

uran

ce tr

ansa

ctio

ns, e

tc.)

Purch

asing

or t

radin

g goo

ds an

d se

rvice

s (inc

luding

digi

talco

nten

t p

urch

ases

but

exclu

ding f

inanc

ial tr

ansa

ction

s)Pu

rcha

sing

or tr

adin

g di

gita

l con

tent

(mus

ic, a

udio

, vid

eos,

gam

esof

twar

e, e

tc.)

Purc

hasin

g or

trad

ing

good

s an

d se

rvic

es (e

xclu

ding

)di

gita

l con

tent

pur

chas

es a

nd fi

nanc

ial t

rans

actio

ns

Inte

rnet

auct

ions

Usin

g e-

gove

rnm

ent a

nd e

-loca

l gov

ernm

ent s

ervi

ces

(ele

ctro

nic

appl

icat

ions

, not

ifica

tions

, and

repo

rts)

Oth

er

0102030405060708090

100(%)

20 to 29 （n=2,773） 30 to 39 （n=4,024） 40 to 49 （n=4,642） 50 to 59 （n=4,509） 60 and older （n=5,697）

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b. Information security measures⃝�Violations (number of arrests) of the ACT on Prohibition of Unauthor-

ized Computer Access rose slightly, and almost 80 percent of house-holds and more than 90 percent of enterprises have implemented some form of information security measuresLooking at the state of information security measures

taken by households that use the Internet finds that 73.2 percent of households have taken some form of informa-tion security measures. The leading security measures were “install or update anti-virus software” (53.0 per-cent) and “sign up for or renew a security service” (25.8 percent) (Figure 5-2-1-7).

Looking at the state of information security measures implemented by enterprises that use ICT networks finds that 98.9 percent of enterprises have implemented some form of information security measures, an increase from the previous year. The leading security measure was “in-stall anti-virus programs on computers and other devic-es (operating systems, software, etc.),” which is done by 90.8 percent of enterprises. This was followed, in order, by “install anti-virus programs on servers” (68.8 per-cent) and “control access with IDs and passwords” (62.5 percent). The response rate for every security measure survey increased from the end of 2014 (Figure 5-2-1-8).

Figure 5-2-1-5 Matters of concern with Internet usage at households (multiple answers permitted)


Personal information will be disclosed or exposedexternally without permission

Computer virus infections

Unsolicited email

80.4

77.9

47.3

46.5

45.5

44.5

33.933.9

17.317.3

13.813.8

13.513.5

10.910.9

10.610.6

0.9

Trustworthiness of electronic payments

False billing and other types ofInternet fraud

Unsure how far security measuresshould be taken

One’s own understanding of Internet usage

Trustworthiness of authentication technology

Violations of intellectual property rights

Amount of illegal and harmful information

Internet addiction

Conflict with communication partners

Others

End of 2015 (n=8,340)

(%)0 20 40 60 80 100

Figure 5-2-1-6 Problems with Internet and intranet LAN usage at enterprises (multiple answers permitted)


5.85.8

37.137.1

22.722.7

39.739.7

36.336.3

31.831.8

8.98.9

0 10 20 30 40 50(%)

Concern about virus infections

Difficult to develop security measures

Operational and management personnel shortages

Operational and management cost increases

Low security awareness among employees

Difficult to recover from failures, outages, etc.

Difficult to quantify benefits

High communication charges

Difficult to obtain benefits

Low communication speeds

Concern about protection of copyrights andintellectual property

Concern about trustworthiness of electronic payments

Concern about trustworthiness of authenticationtechnology

Others

No particular problems

40.9

13.3

11.1

10.4

3.5

4.5

2.6

2.3

13.2

47.844.2

44.0

43.5

37.037.0

28.328.3

14.3

12.5

11.1

8.38.3

4.6

3.5

3.4

2.2

End of 2014 (n=2,027) End of 2015 (n=1,805)

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c. Personal information protection measures⃝ Nearly 90 percent of all enterprises have implemented personal

information protection measuresThe percentage of enterprises that have implemented

some form of personal information protection measures was 87.7 percent, up 9.3 percentage points from the end of 2014. The most cited protection measure, given by 49.5 percent of enterprises, was “appoint a personal in-formation protection and management officer” followed, in order, by “enhance internal training” (46.9 percent) and “establish a privacy policy” (30.8 percent) (Figure 5-2-1-9).

(3) Cloud service usage trendsa. State of cloud service usage in Japan⃝ The percentage of enterprises using cloud services rose from the end

of 2014Of enterprise respondents to the survey, 44.6 percent

said they had used cloud services either partially or ex-tensively, up 5.9 percentage points from 38.7 percent at the end of 2014 (Figure 5-2-1-10).

b. Breakdown of cloud service usage⃝The most frequently used cloud service is “email”

The most frequently used cloud service is “email,” cited by 51.9 percent of respondents, followed, in order, by 51.3 percent for “file storage and data sharing” and 42.9 percent for “server usage” (Figure 5-2-1-11).

Figure 5-2-1-7 Implementation of information security measures at households (multiple answers permitted)


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80(%)

Taken measures

Have not taken measures

Don’t know whether measures have been taken

Install or update anti-virussoftware

Sign up for or renewa security service

Do not connect to untrusted Internet connections

Set passwords on devices

Set and check administrator

73.2

16.9

9.9

53.0

25.8

21.2

16.4

2.6

End of 2015 (n=10,945)

Figure 5-2-1-8 Implementation of information security measures at enterprises (multiple answers permitted)


End of 2014 (n=2,074) End of 2015 (n=1,834)

97.2

2.8

88.6

65.6

54.2

43.0

38.9

33.2

39.2

30.0

21.0

20.2

16.2

14.5

10.7

11.3

10.9

9.8

10.0

8.1

20.5

98.9

1.1

90.8

68.8

62.5

49.1

47.9

43.2

40.5

38.1

27.2

24.3

20.0

18.5

15.7

15.6

13.5

12.8

11.5

9.6

28.4

0 20 40 60 80 100Implemented measures

(%)

Install anti-virus programs on computers and otherdevices (operating systems, software, etc.)

Set up and deploy intrusion detection systems(IDS) or intrusion protection systems (IPS)

Set up and deploy Web application firewalls

Other measures

Outsource security management

Establish anti-virus response manuals

Authenticate users with authentication technology

Monitor access lines

Audit security measures

Encrypt data and networks

Use proxies (proxy servers)

Construct virus walls for external connections

Retain access logs

Apply operating system security patches

Establish security policies

Train employees

Set up and deploy firewalls

Control access with IDs and passwords

Install anti-virus programs on servers

Have not implemented measures

64

Part 2

CW6_AY057D05.indd 64 2016/12/08 10:26:01

Figure 5-2-1-9 Implementation of personal information protection measures at enterprises (multiple answers permitted)


78.4

21.6

33.7

48.7

24.9

20.3

13.9

9.2

6.3

7.8

87.7

12.3

49.5

46.9

30.8

26.6

19.2

9.2

7.9

8.8

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Implemented some measures

Have not implemented any measures

Enhance internal training

Appoint a personal informationprotection and management officer

Establish a privacy policy

Reduce amount of requiredpersonal information

Rebuild systems and structures

Obtain Privacy Mark certificationStrengthen requirements

when selecting suppliers (requirePrivacy Mark certification, etc.)

Other measures

(%)

End of 2013 (n=2,088) End of 2014 (n=2,042)

Figure 5-2-1-10 State of cloud service usage in Japan


20.7

22.8

18.0

21.7

15.9

15.0

32.2

30.0

13.1

10.4

0 20 40 60 80 100(%)

End of 2014(n=2,098)

End of 2015(n=1,821)

Use company wide Use at some sales locations and divisions Do not use presently, but plan to use in the futureDo not use presently and have no plans to use in the future Do not have a firm understanding of cloud services

Figure 5-2-1-11 Breakdown of cloud service usage


51.951.951.351.3

42.942.936.636.6

35.935.926.826.8

26.026.014.614.6

11.011.09.19.1

8.58.5

7.77.7

7.47.47.17.1

6.65.7

3.5

1.8

10.0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60(%)

End of 2015 (n=838)

Email

File storage and data sharing

Server usageInternal informaition

sharing / portalsSchedule sharing

Data backupsPayrolls, financial accounting,

HRMarketing assistance

e-LearningSharing information with

trading partnersProject control

Production, distribution, andretali-outlet managemen

System development andWebsite construction

Purchasing

Order-taking and sales

Billing and payment systems

Authentication systems

Research and development

Other uses

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c. Reasons for introducing cloud services⃝�“No need for in-house assets or maintenance arrangements” was the

most frequently cited reason for introducing cloud services, chosen by about 40 percent“No need for in-house assets or maintenance arrange-

ments” was the most frequently cited reason for intro-

ducing cloud services, chosen by 42.3 percent of respon-dents, followed, in order, by “services can be accessed anywhere” (33.4 percent) and “cheap initial costs” (31.9 percent). Respondents mainly cited functional and cost reasons for introducing cloud services (Figure 5-2-1-12).

2. State of telecommunication service provision and usage(1) State of telecommunication service provision a. Overview(i) Subscriptions to telecommunication services⃝ Subscriptions to fixed-line communications are trending downward

while subscriptions to mobile communications and 0ABJ-IP phone services have increased steadilySubscriptions to fixed-line communication services

(including NTT East and West subscriber telephone ser-vices (including ISDN), non-NTT telephone services,17 and cable TV-based telephone services but excluding 0ABJ-IP phone services) have been declining, while those to mobile communication services (mobile phone and PHS handset services) and 0ABJ-IP phone services have been growing steadily. Subscriptions to 050-IP phone services have been flat in recent years.

There were about 6.4 times more mobile communica-tion subscriptions than fixed-line communication sub-scriptions (Figure 5-2-2-1).

(ii) State of broadband development and usage⃝�Ultra-high-speed broadband services18 were available at 99.98

percent of Japanese households at the end of March 2015At the end of March 2015, ultra-high-speed broadband

services were available at 55.94 million households, or 99.98 percent of all Japanese households. Broadband services19 were available at 100 percent of Japan’s 55.95 million households (Figure 5-2-2-2).⃝ Subscriptions to mobile ultra-high-speed broadband services have

leaped dramatically year by yearThe number of subscriptions to fixed-line broadband

services20 at the end of FY 2015 stood at 37.81 million (up 2.8 percent from the previous year). Subscriptions to mobile ultra-high-speed broadband services broke down into 87.39 million for 3.9G and 4G (LTE) services (up 28.9 percent) and 35.21 million for BWA services (up 80.9 percent) (Figure 5-2-2-3). As for FTTH and DSL ser-vices, DSL services continued to experience a net de-crease while FTTH services have seen consistent net increases. The number of subscriptions to BWA servic-es has also increased in recent years.

Figure 5-2-1-12 Reasons for introducing cloud services


42.3

33.4

31.9

30.8

23.7

22.8

22.7

21.6

19.4

17.5

15.8

13.6

10.6

8.9

5.6

8.8

0 10 20 30 40 50 (%)

End of 2015 (n=829)

No need for in-house assets or maintenancearrangements

Services can be accessed anywhere

Cheap initial costs

Stable operation and higher availabilityGreater security against information theft, breaches,

etc.Able to adjust system capacity quickly

Cheaper than existing systems

High service reliability

Use equivalent services on all devices

Greater system scalability

Proposals from system vendors

Fast deployment speeds

Can terminate services at any time

Simple license management

Enhanced service lineup

Other reasons

17 Non-NTT services are subscriber phone services provided by telecom carriers other than NTT East and West and cover direct subscriber telephone and ISDN services and new-type non-NTT telephone and ISDN services.

18 Households with ultra-high-speed broadband service availability are the total of households with FTTH, cable TV Internet, FWA, BWA, or LTE service availability. (Besides FTTH and LTE services, this definition includes only those services with download speeds of 30 Mbps or more.)

19 Households with broadband service availability are the total of households with FTTH, DSL, cable TV Internet, FWA, satellite, BWA, LTE, and 3.5G mobile phone service availability.

20 Figures for subscriptions to fixed-line broadband services cover FTTH, DSL, cable TV, and FWA services.

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Figure 5-2-2-1 Transitions in subscriptions to telecommunication services

(Notes) Subscriptions to mobile communication services cover mobile phone and PHS services.Figures for mobile communication services from FY 2013 forward are the figures after adjusting for internal group transactions. After adjusting for internal group transactions refers the adjustments made to count one mobile phone device as one contract and not two contracts so as not to diverge from the actual state of affairs, when an MNO receives mobile phone or BWA services as an MVNO from another MNO in the same group and provides these services together with its own services to one mobile phone device.Past figures have been revised based on detailed data analyses.

Prepared from “Announcement of Quarterly Data on Telecommunication Service Contracts and Market Shares (4Q of FY 2015 (March 31, 2016)),” MIC

5,808 5,515 5,1234,732 4,334 3,957 3,595 3,274

3,004 2,773

9,648 10,170 10,734 11,205 11,63012,329

13,27614,113

14,78915,514

142 421 776

1,1161,453 1,790 2,096

2,407 2,650 2,8461,003 1,027 978

906 864 790 753 721 728 718

18,000

16,000

14,000

12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

02005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

[tens of thousands of subscriptions]

(Fiscal year)

Fixed-line communications Mobile communications 0ABJ-IP phone services 050-IP phone services

2,508

16,048

3,075

771

Figure 5-2-2-2 Transitions in the provision of broadband infrastructure

90.190.191.691.6

92.792.7

97.397.3

99.499.4 99.999.9 99.9899.98

99.7 99.9 100 100 100 100 100

84

86

88

90

92

94

96

98

100

Mar. 31,2009

(%)

Ultra-high-speed broadband Broadband

Mar. 31,2010

Mar. 31,2011

Mar. 31,2012

Mar. 31,2013

Mar. 31,2014

Mar. 31,2015

Figure 5-2-2-3 Transitions in broadband service subscriptions


1,780 2,022 2,230 2,385 2,531 2,661 2,787

974820 670 542 447 375 320531 567 591 601 623 643 673

1 1 1 1 1 1 13,286 3,410 3,493 3,530 3,601 3,680 3,7814,000

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

02009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


FWACATVDSLFTTH

15 81 230531 746

1,947

3,521

3 230

2,037

4,641

6,778

8,73910,0009,0008,0007,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,000

02009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015


2015

BWA LTE

End of FYEnd of FY

Fixed-line broadband services Mobile ultra-high-speed broadband services

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b. Mobile communications⃝ Subscriptions to mobile communication services have risen each year;

subscriptions to MVNO services counted as mobile communication subscriptions also surgedSubscriptions to mobile communication services21

(mobile phones, PHS handsets, and BWA) at the end of FY 2015 totaled 162.76 million (an increase of 3.5 per-cent from the previous year). The net growth was 5.54 million subscriptions, which continues the upward trend (Figure 5-2-2-4).

The carrier (Group) shares by mobile communication subscription numbers were 43.6 percent for NTT Doco-mo (up 1.2 percentage points from the previous year), 28.9 percent for the KDDI Group (up 0.3 percentage points), and 27.5 percent for the SoftBank Group (down 1.5 percentage points) (Figure 5-2-2-5).

Subscriptions to MVNO services22 counted as sub-scriptions to mobile communication services (mobile phones, PHS handsets, and BWA) continue to increase, reaching 12.69 million (an increase of 32.5 percent from the previous year) at the end of FY 2015 (Figure 5-2-2-6).

(2) State of telecommunication usagea. Traffic conditions(i) Internet traffic⃝ Total download traffic by broadband service subscribers in Japan

reached an average of 5.4 Tbps during November 2015, a 52.8 percent increase from the same month one year ago

(a) Transitions in traffic by broadband subscribersTraffic by ISP523 broadband service subscribers con-

tinues to grow, with download traffic (A1 OUT) reaching a monthly average of 2336.1 Gbps in November 2015 (a 50.0 percent increase from the same month one year ago). Download traffic (A1 OUT) widened its gap with upload traffic (A1 IN: 452.9 Gbps), from 3.8 times last fiscal year to 5.2 times. Thus, most traffic is download traffic (Figure 5-2-2-7).

(b) Transitions in traffic exchanged between ISPsThe traffic exchanged between domestic ISPs without

passing through major domestic Internet exchanges (IX)24 (B2 IN: 1306.4 Gbps) has exceeded traffic ex-changed with overseas ISPs (B3 IN: 1059.7 Gbps) since May 2015 (Figure 5-2-2-7).

Figure 5-2-2-4 Transitions in mobile phone subscriptions

(Note) After adjusting for internal group transactions refers the adjustments made to count one mobile phone device as one contract and not two contracts so as not to diverge from the actual state of affairs, when an MNO receives mobile phone or BWA services as an MVNO from another MNO in the same group and provides these services together with its services to one mobile phone device.Prepared from “Announcement of Quarterly Data on Telecommunication Service Contracts and Market Shares (4Q of FY 2015 (March 31, 2016)),” MIC

22,000

20,000

18,000

16,000

14,000

12,000

10,000

（tens of thousands of subscriptions）

March 2011 March 2012 March 2013 March 2014 March 2015 June 2015（1Q）

Sept. 2015（2Q）

Dec. 2015（3Q）

March 2016（4Q）

Mobile phones / PHS / BWA (net total) Mobile phones / PHS / BWA (after adjusting for internal group transactions)Mobile phones (net total) Mobile phones (after adjusting for internal group transactions)

12,410

11,954

13,507

12,820

14,644

13,604

15,702

14,401

17,732

15,270

17,865

15,149

18,348

15,289

18,949

15,442

19,569

15,64814,976

14,234

15,722

14,998

15,816

15,149

15,946

15,289

16,080

15,442

16,276

15,648

Figure 5-2-2-5 Transitions in carrier shares in mobile communication subscriptions (after adjusting for internal group transactions)

(Note) KDDI Group share includes KDDI, Okinawa Cellular, and UQ Communications; SoftBank Group share includes SoftBank, Y!Mobile, and Wireless City Planning.Prepared from “Announcement of Quarterly Data on Telecommunication Service Contracts and Market Shares (4Q of FY 2015 (March 31, 2016)),” MIC

1009080706050403020100

(%)

NTT Docomo KDDI Group SoftBank Group

42.1 42.4 42.7 43.0 43.3 43.6

March2014 (4Q)

March2015 (4Q)

June2015 (1Q)

September2015 (2Q)

December2015 (3Q)

March2016 (4Q)

28.1 28.6 28.8 28.8 28.9 28.9

29.7 29.0 28.5 28.2 27.8 27.5

21 Figures after adjusting for internal group transactions.22 Figures after subtracting subscriptions to MVNOs that are MNOs.23 ISP5 is the total for five cooperating ISPs, namely the Internet Initiative Japan (IIJ), NTT Communications, K-Opticom, KDDI, and SoftBank.24 Total for IXs run by Internet Multifeed, Equinix Japan, Japan Internet Exchange, BBIX, and WIDE Project.

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(c) Transitions in traffic passing over the Internet in JapanWe estimated the total download traffic by broadband

service subscribers in Japan from A1 — the traffic of ISP5 broadband service subscribers (DSL, FTTH, etc.) — and the percentage of ISP5 subscriptions among all broadband subscriptions in Japan. This estimate found

that an average of approximately 5.4 Tbps of traffic passed over the Internet during November 2015. This was a 52.8 percent increase from the same month one year ago, continuing the increase in traffic over the In-ternet (Figure 5-2-2-7).

Figure 5-2-2-6 Transitions in subscriptions to MVNO services (excluding MVNOs that are MNO)


Figure 5-2-2-7 Tabulations and estimates of Internet traffic in JapanTraffic tabulations and estimates

Year Month Total traffic by broadband

service subscribers in

Japan (estimated) [Gbps]

Traffic per broadband

service subscriber (estimated)

[kbps]

(A1)Traffic by

broadband service

subscribers (DSL, FTTH, etc.) [Gbps]

(A2)Traffic by other

subscribers (leased lines, data centers, etc.) [Gbps]

(B1) Traffic

exchanged between major

domestic IXs and ISP5 [Gbps]

(B2) Traffic exchanged between domestic

ISPs and ISP5 without passing through major

domestic IXs [Gbps]

(B3) Traffic

exchanged between

overseas ISPs and ISP5 [Gbps]

(X) ISP5 share (calculated

from subscription

numbers)In out In out In out In out In out In out In out

2011 May 693 1516 20.2 44.1 302.5 662.0 193.9 174.4 98.4 90.0 242.9 131.5 420.9 160.5 43.67%November 640 1600 18.4 46.0 281.1 702.3 221.9 207.5 102.9 89.4 265.1 139.1 498.5 169.6 43.89%

2012 May 658 1730 18.8 49.3 287.8 756.6 251.5 243.0 118.4 98.6 317.4 145.1 528.7 178.8 43.74%November 666 1905 18.9 54.0 294.0 840.3 268.3 257.2 103.2 83.2 316.6 135.7 517.3 201.6 44.12%

2013 May 770 2275 21.7 64.2 347.8 1027.8 300.3 286.4 114.5 85.5 423.3 161.3 633.9 231.6 45.18%November 834 2584 23.3 72.3 370.0 1146.3 336.5 326.2 138.9 94.9 520.8 186.2 714.5 259.7 44.36%

2014 May 905 2892 25.2 80.4 398.9 1274.5 359.2 317.2 163.6 101.5 614.9 214.3 808.3 282.3 44.07%November 99 3549 25.7 98.1 407.6 1557.0 496.1 426.1 192.3 104.6 765.1 246.5 924.6 340.6 43.83%

2015 May 1086 4582 29.3 123.5 457.0 1928.9 525.6 440.2 198.9 117.5 955.6 287.5 941.5 308.1 42.10%November 1051 5423 27.9 144.1 452.9 2336.1 581.1 503.0 251.9 137.1 1306.4 366.6 1059.7 307.9 43.08%

(Notes) ISP5 is the total for five cooperating ISPs, namely the Internet Initiative Japan (IIJ), NTT Communications, K-Opticom, KDDI, and SoftBank.In stands for uploads and Out stands for downloads in the Total traffic by broadband service subscribers in Japan (estimated), the Traffic per broadband service subscriber (estimated), A1, and A2 columns.Total traffic by broadband service subscribers in Japan was estimated from the traffic of ISP5 broadband service subscribers (A1) and the ISP5 share of all subscriptions.

OutB3

In InB2

Out

OutA1

In InA2

Out

EnterprisesEnterprises

Other subscribers(leased lines, data centers, etc.)

B1In Out

Broadband service subscribers(DSL, FTTH, etc.)

BB BB BB

B: Traffic exchanged between ISPs

Overseas ISPs Domestic ISPsB2: Traffic exchanged betweendomestic ISPs without passingthrough major domestic IXs

B3: Traffic exchangedwith overseas ISPs ISP5

B1: Traffic exchanged with major domestic IXs

A2: Traffic by other subscribers

A: Traffic by subscriber type

A1: Traffic by broadbandservice subscribers

C: Traffic at major domestic IXs

Majordomestic

IXs

A1 includes the following types of traffic:　⃝Traffic on interior Wi-Fi　⃝Some traffic on public Wi-Fi services from some ISP carriers　⃝ Some traffic on femtocell services from some mobile communication carriers　⃝ Some mobile communication traffic between mobile phone networks from some ISP carriers (since May 2011)Of the traffic exchanged without passing through major domestic IXs, B2 includes traffic exchanged via private peering with domestic ISPs, transit, and public peering at other domestic IXs.Of the traffic exchanged without passing through major domestic IXs, B3 includes traffic exchanged via private peering with overseas ISPs, transit, and public peering at overseas IXs.

Prepared from “Announcement Japan’s Internet Traffic Tabulations and Estimates for November 2015,” MIC

Types of tabulated traffic

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0December2014 (3Q)

March2015 (4Q)

June2015 (1Q)

September2015 (2Q)

December2015 (3Q)

March2016 (4Q)

740 791 845910910

9991,1021,102

158 166 161 163 164 167

898898958 1,006

1,0731,0731,163

1,2691,269[tens of thousands of subscriptions]

Mobile phones / PHSMobile phones / PHS BWABWA Mobile phones / PHS / BWAMobile phones / PHS / BWA

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(ii) Mobile communication traffic⃝ Mobile communication traffic increased at a pace of about 1.4 times

over the last yearThe rapid increase in traffic, particularly data commu-

nications, in recent years is a significant factor in radio spectrum congestion in the frequencies assigned to mo-bile communication systems. In view of this, five mobile communication carriers (NTT Docomo, KDDI, Soft-

Bank, UQ Communications, and Wireless City Plan-ning) worked together to tabulate and analyze data on mobile communication traffic volumes (non-voice traf-fic). According to this group’s figures, as of March 2016 mobile communication traffic increased about 1.4 times over the last year, reaching an average of 1328.7 Gbps (Figure 5-2-2-8).

3. State of broadcasting service provision and usage⃝ Subscriptions to NHK terrestrial, NHK-BS, WOWOW, 110° East CS, and

cable TV services in FY 2015 increased from the previous yearSubscriptions to all broadcasting services, except

124/128° East CS broadcasts, increased in FY 2015 (Fig-ure 5-2-3-1).

4. Promoting ICT applications in government services(1) Promoting e-government⃝ The online usage rate increased for procedures handled by national

administrative bodiesThe usage rate of applications, notifications, and other

national administrative procedures filed online25 versus all applications, notifications, and procedures filed was

45.4 percent (226,076,760 procedures were filed online, an increase of 1.3 percentage points from the previous fiscal year). The online usage rate of the improvement promotion procedures26 frequently used by citizens and enterprises was 41.2 percent (162,577,184 procedures were filed online) (Figure 5-2-4-1).

25 The total number of applications, notifications, and procedures filed is for those procedures placed online.26 Improvement promotion procedures are frequently used procedures that are filed 1 million or more times a year by citizens or enterprises or

that are mainly used iteratively or continuously by enterprises even if annual filings are less than 1 million. In FY 2014, the improvement promo-tion procedures accounted for 79.4 percent of all filings made for applications, notifications, and procedures available online. Improvement promotion procedures excluded procedures with high usage rates (90 percent or more) from the priority procedures selected in the New On-line Usage Plan, which operated until FY 2013.

25 The total number of applications, notifications, and procedures filed is for those procedures placed online.

(Notes) NHK terrestrial subscribers are the number of all NHK subscription contracts.NHK-BS subscribers are the number of NHK satellite contracts.WOWOW subscribers are the number of WOWOW contracts.124/ 128° East CS subscribers are the number of Sky PerfecTV premium service contracts.110° East CS subscribers are the number of Sky PerfecTV contracts.Cable TV subscribing households are the number of subscribing households to business enterprises providing independent broadcasting services with facilities licensed under the former licensing scheme, until FY 2010, and to registered business enterprises with wired telecom-munication facilities providing independent broadcasting services, from FY 2011 on. (Both exclude broadcasts using IP multicasts.)

(Source) Prepared using materials from Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association, materials from Japan Cable Laboratories, materials from NHK, and “State of Satellite Broadcasting” and “State of Cable Television” from MIC

Figure 5-2-3-1 Subscribers to broadcasting services

6,5776,577 6,7256,725 6,9716,971 7,1897,189 7,3087,308 7,4267,426 7,5367,536 7,6307,630 7,7317,731

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(Fiscal year)

[tens of thousands of subscribers]

2,194.4 2,300.7 2,470.6 2,601.6 2,655.6 2,707.0 2,767.0 2,817.0 2,852.0

55.9 83.0 112.6 140.4 173.7 196.3 205.6 212.0 219.5

302.0 273.7 245.6 221.1 196.3 176.2 157.1 125.4 120.3

243.8 247.6 249.0 251.2 254.8 263.1 264.8 275.6 280.5

3,780.4 3,820.2 3,893.2 3,975.1 4,027.4 4,082.9 4,141.2 4,200.1 4,258.2

1,342.3 1,399.9 1,475.2 1,567.2 1,649.6 1,737.4 1,823.2 1,911.3 1,993.3

Cable TV

NHK-BS

Terrestrial-basedbroadcasters (NHK)

WOWOW

124/128º East CS

110º East CS

Figure 5-2-2-8 Transitions in the monthly average mobile communication traffic in JapanTabulated month June 2014 September 2014 December 2014 March 2015 June 2015 September 2015 December 2015 March 2016Average monthly traffic Up Down Total Up Down Total Up Down Total Up Down Total Up Down Total Up Down Total Up Down Total Up Down TotalAverage (Gbps) 90.5 639.3 729.8 96.0 726.4 882.4 113.4 575.5 870.9 123.3 845.7 969.0 141.1 891.2 1032.3 154.6 1027.1 1181.6 169.1 1047.9 1216.9 184.5 1144.1 1328.7

Prepared from “Information and Communications Statistics Database,” MIC

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(2) Promoting ICT applications in local governments⃝ The usage rate of local government procedures selected for online-

usage promotion increased over the previous fiscal year

The online usage rate of local government administra-tive procedures27 was 47.1 percent in FY 2014 (Figure 5-2-4-2).

1. State of radio spectrum usage and number of radio stations(1) Radio stations⃝�The number of radio stations in Japan has increased steadily since

2006The number of radio stations (excluding PHS and

wireless LAN handsets and other radio stations for which no license is required) at the end of FY 2015 in-creased by 12.6 percent from a year earlier to 199.84 mil-

lion, including 197.11 million mobile phones and other land mobile stations, a jump of 12.7 percent. Mobile phones and other mobile land stations accounted for a huge 98.6 percent of all radio stations. The number of convenience stations climbed by 8.0 percent to 1.05 mil-lion (Figure 5-3-1-1).

2. Radio surveillance to eliminate interference with key radio communica-tions

⃝ There were 676 reports of interference with key radio communica-tions in FY 2015, and 2,386 actions were taken against illegal radio stationsIn the interests of eliminating radio interference and

obstructions and maintaining a favorable radio spec-

trum usage environment, officials at the 11 Regional Bu-reaus of Telecommunications and elsewhere use illegal radio station search vehicles and sensor stations in-stalled in towers and on building rooftops in major urban areas nationwide to investigate the sources of radio sig-

Section 3　Radio Spectrum Usage Trends

27 The targeted procedures were those selected for online-usage promotion under the E-Local Government Online Usage Advancement Policy.

Figure 5-2-4-1 Transitions in the online usage of applications, notifications, and procedures handled by national administrative bodies

Fiscalyear

All application, notification, and other procedure filings

Filings done online Online usage rate [%]

Improvementpromotion procedures



2014 497,521,456 394,918,846 226,076,760 162,577,184 45.4 41.2

(Priority procedures) (Priority procedures) (Priority procedures)

2013 475,409,156 432,579,446 209,558,511 199,656,173 44.1 46.2

2012 458,496,901 421,297,165 188,960,305 181,479,301 41.2 43.1

2011 442,868,928 405,824,947 170,504,798 163,807,924 38.5 40.4

(Source) Prepared from “State of Online Administrative Procedures in FY 2014,” MIC press materials

Figure 5-2-4-2 Transitions in the usage of local government procedures selected for online-usage promotion

(Note) The total yearly filings are an estimate for the entire country calculated based on the total number of filings and the populations in the jurisdic-tions of local governments that had already placed the targeted procedures online.

(Source) “State of Online Administrative Procedures in FY 2014,” MIC

41.040.0

42.6

45.247.1

30

35

40

45

50

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 (FY)

(%)

Fiscalyear

Totalprocedure

filings for the year

Filings done online

Online usage rate [%]

2010 317,100,000 130,010,591 41.0

2011 337,590,000 135,031,153 40.0

2012 349,000,000 148,496,598 42.6

2013 367,327,000 165,922,189 45.2

2014 368,733,000 173,807,766 47.1

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nals that interfere with fire and emergency services ra-dio, aeronautical and maritime radio, mobile phones, and other key radio communications. Officials also crack down on illegal radio stations and undertake pub-lic awareness activities to ensure more people use the radio spectrum properly.

Since FY 2010, radio authorities have been working to promptly eliminate interference with key radio commu-nications with a system that accepts interference reports around the clock. Radio authorities also monitor short-wave radio and cosmic radio waves at international radio surveillance facilities registered with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

In FY 2015, there were 2,497 reports of radio interfer-

ence or obstructions of all kinds, 269 fewer (9.7 percent) than the previous year. Among these, there were 676 reports of interference with key radio communications, 95 fewer (12.3 percent) than the previous year. In re-sponse to these reports, 2,348 actions28 were taken in FY 2015 (Figure 5-3-2-1).

In FY 2015, 5,152 illegal radio stations were detected, 2,169 fewer (29.6 percent) than the previous year. In re-sponse, 2,386 actions were taken in FY 2015, an increase of 706 actions (42.0 percent) from the previous year. These actions included 230 indictments (9.6 percent of all actions) and 2,156 directives (90.4 percent of all ac-tions).

28 The number of actions includes incomplete actions remaining from the previous fiscal year.

Figure 5-3-1-1 Transitions in the number of radio stations

(Note 1) “Land mobile station” refers to a radio station that is operated either while in motion on land or while stationary in an unspecified location (such as mobile phones).

(Note 2) “Convenience station” refers to a radio station used for simple radio communications.

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015Other 34 36 41 49 49 48 46 43 46 50 50 55

Base stations 67 62 62 63 41 41 54 58 63 68 71 70Conveniencestations*2 64 65 66 68 70 72 74 77 84 90 97 105

Amateur stations 60 56 53 51 49 47 45 44 44 44 44 44Land mobilestations*1 9,439 10,212 10,059 10,573 10,993 11,448 11,879 13,266 14,388 15,472 17,493 19,711Percentage of landmobile stations 97.7% 97.9% 97.9% 97.9% 98.1% 98.2% 98.2% 98.3% 98.4% 98.4% 98.5% 98.6%

97.7% 97.9% 97.9% 97.9% 98.1% 98.2% 98.2% 98.3% 98.4% 98.4% 98.5% 98.6%

0

20

40

60

80

100

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

[tens of thousands of stations](%)

（End of FY）

Figure 5-3-2-1 Transitions in the number of radio station interference / obstruction reports and the number of actions taken in respons

Number of interference / obstruction reports2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(FY)

Reports of interference with keyradio communications

Other interference reportTotal

Number of action in responce to interference / obstruction reportsActions taken in responce to reports

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500[Reports / actions]

Other interference reportReports of interference with key radio communications Actions taken in responce to reports

566 592 674 684 512 532 513 689 501 532 605 771 6761,533 1,711 1,991 2,344 2,364 2,241 2,041 1,934 1,873 1,826 1,740 1,995 1,8212,099 2,303 2,665 3,028 2,876 2,773 2,554 2,623 2,374 2,358 2,345 2,766 2,497

2,021 2,155 2,403 2,745 3,179 2,772 2,289 2,669 2,453 2,389 2,346 2,667 2,348

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