section 2 operant conditioning
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
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I Love the OC
Operant Conditioning: Type of associative learning in which behavior is
strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.
In this type of learning, a person learns to associate their own actions with consequences.
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dog
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The Pioneering Mind behind OC
B.F. Skinner, an author, decided to enter grad school in psych.
He was intrigued with how animal’s and people’s behavior is shaped by what they get or lose from doing it.
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Going to the Birds… and Rats
Skinner devised a simple yet effective method to see if he could in fact teach animals to respond to stimuli the way he wanted.
He came up with Operant Chambers, or Skinner Boxes to test Rats and Pigeons.
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Pigeon vid
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How OC Increases Behavior
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Positive Reinforcement: Add a desirable effect
Negative Reinforcement: Remove an aversive stimulus
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How OC Decreases Behavior
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Positive Punishment: Administer an aversive stimulus
Negative Punishment: Withdraw a desirable stimulus
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Operant Conditioning Finale
The Finishing Touches on Operant Conditioning
But I want more than 2 or 3 days
worth!
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Clarification on OC Terms
Positive Prefix
Adding something in response to a behavior.
Adding something: good = reinforcementbad = punishment
Negative Prefix
Taking away something in response to a behavior.
Taking something: good = punishmentbad = reinforcement
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No more for you till you behave yourself.
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Reinforcement Schedules
Psychologists have found that constant positive reinforcement, or continuous reinforcement, is not the answer.
It is much better to create a reinforcement schedule since life rarely continuously reinforces us.
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What about Punishments?
Use punishments carefully.
Constant, especially physical punishments, can suppress instead of decrease behaviors and cause fearfulness in children.