seeding experiments at sparc luca giannessi enea c.r. frascati on behalf of the sparc collaboration...

SEEDING EXPERIMENTS AT SEEDING EXPERIMENTS AT SPARCSPARC

Luca GiannessiLuca GiannessiENEAENEA C.R. FrascatiC.R. Frascati

On behalf of the SPARC collaborationOn behalf of the SPARC collaboration

International Conference on Charged and Neutral Particles Channeling Phenomena, 4-8 October 2010, Ferrara, Italy

L.G.L.G., , A. Petralia, G. Dattoli, F. Ciocci, M. Del Franco, M. A. Petralia, G. Dattoli, F. Ciocci, M. Del Franco, M. Quattromini, C. Ronsivalle, E. Sabia, I. Spassovsky, V. Quattromini, C. Ronsivalle, E. Sabia, I. Spassovsky, V.

Surrenti ENEA C.R. Frascati, IT. D. Filippetto, G. Di Surrenti ENEA C.R. Frascati, IT. D. Filippetto, G. Di Pirro, G. Gatti, M. Bellaveglia, R. Boni, D. Alesini, M. Pirro, G. Gatti, M. Bellaveglia, R. Boni, D. Alesini, M. Castellano, E. Chiadroni, L. Cultrera, M. Ferrario, L. Castellano, E. Chiadroni, L. Cultrera, M. Ferrario, L.

Ficcadenti, A. Gallo, A, Ghigo, E. Pace, B. Spataro, C. Ficcadenti, A. Gallo, A, Ghigo, E. Pace, B. Spataro, C. Vaccarezza, INFN-LNF, IT. A. Bacci, V. Petrillo, A.R. Vaccarezza, INFN-LNF, IT. A. Bacci, V. Petrillo, A.R. Rossi, L. Serafini INFN-MI, IT. M. Serluca, M. Moreno Rossi, L. Serafini INFN-MI, IT. M. Serluca, M. Moreno INFN-Roma I, IT. L. Poletto, F. Frassetto CNR-IFN, IT. INFN-Roma I, IT. L. Poletto, F. Frassetto CNR-IFN, IT. J.V. Rau, V. Rossi Albertini ISM-CNR, IT. A. Cianchi, J.V. Rau, V. Rossi Albertini ISM-CNR, IT. A. Cianchi,

UN-Roma II TV, IT. A. Mostacci, M Migliorati, L. UN-Roma II TV, IT. A. Mostacci, M Migliorati, L. Palumbo, Un. Roma La Sapienza, IT. G. Marcus, P. Palumbo, Un. Roma La Sapienza, IT. G. Marcus, P.

Musumeci, J. Rosenzweig, UCLA, CA, USA. S. Musumeci, J. Rosenzweig, UCLA, CA, USA. S. Spampinati, ST, IT and University of Nova Gorica, Spampinati, ST, IT and University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, M. Labat, F. Briquez, M. E. Couprie, Nova Gorica, M. Labat, F. Briquez, M. E. Couprie,

SOLEIL, FR. B. Carré, M. Bougeard, D. Garzella CEA SOLEIL, FR. B. Carré, M. Bougeard, D. Garzella CEA Saclay, DSM/DRECAM, FR. G. Lambert LOA, FR. Saclay, DSM/DRECAM, FR. G. Lambert LOA, FR.

C.Vicario PSI, CH. C.Vicario PSI, CH.

Contributors

L. Giannessi, Channeling 2010

Seeded SPARC LayoutSeeded SPARC Layout

Ti:Sa Regenerative Amplifier

HHG generation Chamber

Periscope & injection chicane

In vacuumspectrometer 550-40nm

+ MUR


Infrared


Dec. 2007Dec. 2007

Infrared

GAS Cell

Differential vacuum

to Undulators

Focusing mirrors

Seeded OperationSeeded Operation

Seed FEL AmplifierFEL Amplifier

FEL Harmonic GenerationFEL Harmonic GenerationSeed 1

Modulator Radiator

2= 1/n, n=2

• Seed Sources:

– 400 nm in BBO crystal (high seed energy)

– 266 nm & 160 nm generated in gas

Cascaded FEL tested with both seed configurations




Seed @ 266 nm generated in Ar, ~50 nJ (±20nJ)6 UM 266 nm

Spectrometer slit @ 5 um - CCD saturated with nb filter @ 266nm, 17% T


Amplification ≈ 20x


Delay line ScanDelay line Scan

2 1 0 1 20

5 103

0.01

0.015

0.02

Linewidth (% - 1stdv)AverageMaxMin

Delay Line Displacement (mm)

Lin

ewid

th (

rms,

nm

)Adjustable delay

up to 4m

Delay line

4 2 0 2 40

0.5

1

0

10

20

30

40

50

Energy (uJ - 1 stdv)

Current (A)

Delay Line Displacement (mm)A

vera

ge E

nerg

y (u

J)

Cur

rent

(A

)

Cascaded FEL Cascaded FEL


Modulator Radiator

2= 1/n, n=2

• Seed @ 266 nm, 50 nJ 5-4-3 UM tuned @ 266 nm – 1-2-3 UM tuned @133 nm

3 3.5 4 4.5 50

0.5

1

1.5

2

(1 stdv)AverageMaxMin

Modulator UM #

Ene

rgy

(uJ)




Modulator Radiator

2= 1/n, n=2

0 500 1 103 1.5 10

3 2 103

0

10

20

30

40

Energy (nJ)

Pro

babi

lity

(%)

0 0.5 1 1.5 20

20

40

60

Rel. Linewidth (%)

Pro

babi

lity

(%)


Modulator Radiator

2= 1/n, n=2

0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

10

20

30

40

50

Spot Size (rms mm)

Pro

babi

lity

(%

)

0 100 200 300 400 5000

5

10

15

20

25

Energy (nJ)

Pro

babi

lity

(%

)

0 1 2 30

10

20

30

Rel. Linewidth (%)

Pro

babi

lity

(%

)

0.5 1 1.5 20

10

20

30

40

50

Spot Size (rms mm)

Pro

babi

lity

(%

)


(2010/06/04)(2010/06/04) Seed @ 160nm Seed @ 160nm Seed intensity & SASE too low to be detected at the Seed intensity & SASE too low to be detected at the

spectrometer (< 1 nJ)spectrometer (< 1 nJ)

150 155 160 165 170

Wavelength (nm)

Inte

nsity

(a.

u.)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 202 10

3

3 103

4 103

5 103

6 103

TotalSlit

Shot #

Ene

rgy

(uJ)

250 260 270 280 290

Wavelength (nm)

Inte

nsity

(a.

u.)

The seed @ 266 measured 1 day before shows the same double peak structure

Seeded FEL – 4 nJ


Effect of high intensity seedEffect of high intensity seed

GENESISSimulation

Seed Energy < 0.5 uJ

~ 0.7 uJ

~ 3 uJ

~ 9 uJ

Seeded FEL: field intensity above Seeded FEL: field intensity above saturationsaturation

Sim

ulat

ion

with

Per

seo

(w

ww

.pers

eo.e

nea.it)


Bunching coefficients in the front side of the pulseBunching coefficients in the front side of the pulse

Expected very efficient generation of high order harmonicsExpected very efficient generation of high order harmonics


Harmonics in a Superradiant Harmonics in a Superradiant pulsepulse Short bunching peaks on the pulse front side at the higher order Short bunching peaks on the pulse front side at the higher order

harmonicsharmonics Dynamics for non-linear harmonic evolution “faster” by the harmonic Dynamics for non-linear harmonic evolution “faster” by the harmonic

factor n. (i.e. Lfactor n. (i.e. Lg,ng,n ~ L ~ Lg g /n )/n ) Short bursts of harmonic radiationShort bursts of harmonic radiation Pulse structre preserved by the “solitary wave” behavior of this solutionPulse structre preserved by the “solitary wave” behavior of this solution

0 25 50 75 100-0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Bun

chin

g C

oeff

icie

nts

Microbunch Coordinate (m)

1st harmonic 2nd harmonic 3rd harmonic 5th harmonic

0 25 50 75 1000.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Microbunch Coordinate (m)

Peak

Pow

er (

GW

)

1st harmonic 3rd harmonic x 100

Harmonic emission suppressed by energy spread

Harmonic pulse



High harmonics down to 37 nmHigh harmonics down to 37 nm

Observation of 11° harmonic at 37nm

11h 10h 9h 8h 7h 6h 5h 4h 3h 2h 1h

Measured energy per pulse, spot size & and bandwidth of the first 11° harmonics

High intensity seed in a cascaded configurationHigh intensity seed in a cascaded configuration

Seed 1= 400nm

Modulator Radiator

2= 200 nm

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 300

5

10

15

20

0

50

100

150

200

TotalSlit

trace 4

Shot #

Ene

rgy

(uJ)

Energy jitter mainly due to e-beam energy jitter


CorrelationsCorrelationsLarge energy jitter –> large energy fluctuations

0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.40

5 103

1 104

1.5 104

2 104

0

50

100

150

200

TotalSlit

Spot (rms mm)

Ene

rgy

(nJ)

Correlation Energy – Spot size

0.3 0.35 0.4 0.450

5 103

1 104

1.5 104

2 104

0

50

100

150

200

TotalSlit

Rel. Linewidth (%)

Ene

rgy

(nJ) Correlation Energy – Linewidth

199.3 199.4 199.5 199.6 199.7 199.80

5 103

1 104

1.5 104

2 104

0

50

100

150

200

TotalSlit

Mean Wavelength (nm)

Ene

rgy

(nJ) Redshift

Structure in the spectrum

Indication of saturation @200 nm


3h of the radiator3h of the radiator

66 nm

62 64 66 68 70 72

Wavelength (nm)

Inte

nsity

(a.

u.)

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 300

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

TotalSlit

Shot #

Ene

rgy

(uJ)


Conclusions Conclusions (From Channeling 2006)(From Channeling 2006)

SPARC represents a unique opportunity for studying single pass FEL and SPARC represents a unique opportunity for studying single pass FEL and FEL cascades in seeded modeFEL cascades in seeded mode

Conventional lasers and FEL are merged in a single deviceConventional lasers and FEL are merged in a single device

New experiments are foreseen in the next future New experiments are foreseen in the next future The harmonic cascade The harmonic cascade Multistage cascade and the Fresh Bunch injection techniqueMultistage cascade and the Fresh Bunch injection technique Superradance in a cascade and Superradance in a cascade and the harmonic cascadethe harmonic cascade FEL amplification from a gas HHG source/harmonic generationFEL amplification from a gas HHG source/harmonic generation

These new schemes extend the foreseen SPARC spectral range to 44nm - These new schemes extend the foreseen SPARC spectral range to 44nm - 500 nm500 nm

The experience resulting from those experiments will provide the confidence to The experience resulting from those experiments will provide the confidence to extend the seeded FEL cascade wavelength operation range in higher extend the seeded FEL cascade wavelength operation range in higher beam energy devices as beam energy devices as SPARXSPARX

ok

ok

In progress

true

37 nm

seeding experiments at sparc luca giannessi enea c.r. frascati on behalf of the sparc collaboration...

Documents

nj slide

nm seed intensity sase

harmonic pulse

nm modulatorradiator

seed sources

nm spectrometer

uj slide

nm spectrum