selim shahriar, northwestern university

LVC Meeting 2009: AIC Workgroup: Shahriar / LIGO G0900207

Design constraints and optimization for a white light cavity based GW interferometer including power and signal recycling

L. A. P. T.

L. A. P. T.

L. A. P. T.

L. A. P. T.

Selim Shahriar, Northwestern University

Laboratory of Atomic and Photonic Technologies

URL: http://lapt.ece.northwestern.edu

Northwestern University Gravitational Wave AstrophysicsWorkgroup (Head: Vicky Kalogera)

LIGO G0900207


White Light Cavity: Basic Idea

Negative Dispersion Medium

Source Laser=2Co/(n)

• Ideal WLC is infinitely broadened, without any drop in storage time / sensitivity

• In practice, broadening and sensitivity limited by finite bandwidth of negative dispersion

• Ideal WLC is also infinitely sensitive to variation in cavity length


Active Superluminal Cavity: Superluminal Ring Laser (SRL)

Gain Medium

Neg Dispersion Medium

Beat Signal

• Frequency change is enhanced in sensitivity by a factor of 10 million

• Beat note does not experience the broadening effect


Cavity Resonance Cavity Resonance ConditionCondition ((cc= = oo))

Dispersive Medium

Pump

Probe

Opticalpump

Cavitylock

= medium length

Phase-sensitivedetection

Probe frequency ()o

Probe frequency ()o

Probe frequency ()o

Probe frequency ()o

Pos. Dispersion

Neg. Dispersion

Cavity Resonance Cavity Resonance ConditionCondition ((cc= = oo))

Dispersive Medium

Pump

Probe

Opticalpump

Cavitylock

= medium length


Dispersive Medium

Pump

Probe

Opticalpump

Cavitylock

= medium length


Probe frequency ()o

Probe frequency ()o

Probe frequency ()o

Probe frequency ()o

Pos. Dispersion

Neg. Dispersion

Demonstration of White Light Cavity


10 15 20 256

8

10

12

14

16

18(c)

gain separation (MHz)

cavi

ty L

W (M

Hz)

o expt. dataestimated

(c)

10 15 20 256

8

10

12

14

16

18(c)


cavi

ty L

W (M

Hz)



(c)

frequency (MHz)ca

vity

bui

ldup

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 30

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

WLCempty cavity(d)

frequency (MHz)ca

vity

bui

ldup

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 30

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

WLCempty cavityWLCempty cavity(d)0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.5

1

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

cavity res.

8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

(b) i

ii

iii

iv

v

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.5

1

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

cavity res.

8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

(b) i

ii

iii

iv

v

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.51

cavity res.

= 8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

(a)i

ii

iii

iv

v

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.51

cavity res.

= 8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.51

cavity res.

= 8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

(a)i

ii

iii

iv

v

10 15 20 256

8

10

12

14

16

18(c)


cavi

ty L

W (M

Hz)


(c)

10 15 20 256

8

10

12

14

16

18(c)


cavi

ty L

W (M

Hz)



(c)

frequency (MHz)ca

vity

bui

ldup

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 30

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

WLCempty cavity(d)

frequency (MHz)ca

vity

bui

ldup

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 30

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

WLCempty cavityWLCempty cavity(d)0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.5

1

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

cavity res.

8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

(b) i

ii

iii

iv

v

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

0

0.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.5

1

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

cavity res.

8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

(b) i

ii

iii

iv

v

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.51

cavity res.

= 8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

(a)i

ii

iii

iv

v

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.51

cavity res.

= 8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

00.5

1

-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 150

0.51

cavity res.

= 8 MHz

12 MHz

19 MHz

23 MHz

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

(a)i

ii

iii

iv

v

G.S. Pati, M. Messal, K. Salit, M.S. Shahriar, “Demonstration of a tunable-bandwidth white light interferometer using anomalous dispersion in atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 133601 (2007)



G.S. Pati, M. Messal, K. Salit, M.S. Shahriar, Optics Communications, 281 (19), p.4931-4935, (2008)

-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 80

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

frequency (MHz)

cavi

ty tr

ansm

issi

on

-/500 /400 Theory

-10 -5 0 5 10

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

frequency (MHz)

mag

. (a.

u.)

Experiment



H.N. Yum, M. Salit, G.S. Pati, S. Tseng, P.R. Hemmer, and M.S.Shahriar, Optics Express, Vol. 16 Issue 25, 20448 (2008)

Fast-light in Photorefractive Crystal for WLC


Fast-light in Photorefractive Crystal for WLC


Simple (Meers) Model for Signal and Power Recycling

detector

Power Recycling Mirror Signal Recycling Mirror

NPBS


Enhancing the bandwidth-sensitivity product

IntracavityIntensity

GW Frequency

Narrowband Operation

Broadband Operation


GW Frequency


WLC Operation


GW Frequency


Broadband Operation


GW Frequency


WLC Operation


GW Frequency


Broadband Operation


GW Frequency


WLC Operation


GW Frequency


Broadband Operation


GW Frequency


WLC Operation

Laser

PRM

SRM

det

Laser

PRM

SRM

det

WLC element


GW Frequency


Broadband Operation


GW Frequency


WLC Operation


GW Frequency


Broadband Operation


GW Frequency


WLC Operation


GW Frequency


Broadband Operation


GW Frequency


WLC Operation


GW Frequency


Broadband Operation


GW Frequency


WLC Operation



100 200 500 1000 2000 5000

0.2

0.5

1

2

5

10

20



100 200 500 1000 2000 5000

0.5

1

5

10

50

100

No WLC / TSRM =1

No WLC / TSRM =0.1

No WLC / TSRM =0.001

WLC / TSRM =0.1

WLC / TSRM =0.001


Signal and Power Recycling in the Presence of Arm Cavities


com

poun

d m

irror

fo

r sig

nal r

ecyc

ling

compound mirror for pump recycling

Signal and Power Recycling in the Presence of Arm Cavities


WLC elem

ent

WLC element

Sensitivity-Bandwidth Enhancement for AdLIGO Configuration


com

poun

d m

irror

fo

r WLC

sign

al re

cycl

ing

compound mirror for WLC pump recycling

SignalExtractionCavity (SEC)



200 400 600 800 1000

1

2

3

4

5

6

7Tuned Mode

Detuned by 54 degDetuned by 36 degDetuned by 25.2 degDetuned by 20 deg

200 400 600 800 1000

2

4

6

8

10

12

14


Without WLC

With WLC


200 400 600 800 1000

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Tuned Mode

Detuned by 54 degDetuned by 36 degDetuned by 25.2 degDetuned by 20 deg

200 400 600 800 1000

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Without WLC

With WLC




Match SRM toInput Test Massand tune SECto resonance

Proposal for Adding an Auxiliary Mirror for Practical WLC



WLCElement

WLCElement

WLCElement



100 200 500 1000 2000 5000

0.5

1

5

10

50

100

No WLC / TASRM =1

No WLC / TASRM =0.1

No WLC / TASRM =0.001

WLC / TASRM =0.1

WLC / TASRM =0.001

M. Salit and M.S. Shahriar, “Enhancement of Sensitivity-Bandwidth Product of Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detectors using White Light Cavities,” (http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0809/0809.4213.pdf)



( ') ' '2

t t

g ot t

h Cos t dt dt

Phase Shift Without Anomalous Dispersion

1 1' ' ( ') '2

t t t

ENH o gt t tg g

hdt dt Cos t dtn n

Phase Shift With Anomalous Dispersion

M.S. Shahriar and M. Salit, (2008) Journal of Modern Optics Vol. 55, Nos. 19–20, 10–20 November 2008, 3133–3147

M. S. Shahriar and M. Salit, “A Fast-Light Enhanced Zero-Area Sagnac Ring Laser Gravitational Wave Detector,” (http://lapt.eecs.northwestern.edu/preprints/FE-ZASRLGWD.pdf)

Active Sagnac Ring Laser in a WLC for Enhancing Strain Sensitivity


G.S. Pati, M. Messal, K. Salit, M.S. Shahriar, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 133601 (2007)

G.S. Pati, M. Messal, K. Salit, M.S. Shahriar, Optics Communications, 281 (19), p.4931-4935, (2008)

G.S. Pati, R. Tripathi, V. Gopal, M. Messal, Phys. Rev. A 75, 053807 (2007)

H.N. Yum, M. Salit, G.S. Pati, S. Tseng, P.R. Hemmer, and M.S.Shahriar, Optics Express, Vol. 16 Issue 25, 20448 (2008)

M. Salit, G.S. Pati, K. Salit, and M.S. Shahriar, (2007) Journal of Modern Optics, 54:16, 2425 - 2440

M.S. Shahriar and M. Salit, (2008) Journal of Modern Optics Vol. 55, Nos. 19–20, 10–20 November 2008, 3133–3147

M. S. Shahriar and M. Salit, “A Fast-Light Enhanced Zero-Area Sagnac Ring Laser Gravitational Wave Detector,” (http://lapt.eecs.northwestern.edu/preprints/FE-ZASRLGWD.pdf)

M. Salit and M.S. Shahriar, “Enhancement of Sensitivity-Bandwidth Product of Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detectors using White Light Cavities,” (http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0809/0809.4213.pdf)

Journal publications and preprints

selim shahriar, northwestern university

Documents

aic workgroup

shahriar ligo g0900207signal

shahriar ligo g0900207g

wlclvc meeting

cavity lengthlvc meeting

broadening effectlvc

wlc tsrm

photorefractive crystal